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The parties agree that the critical mission of law enforcement justifies maintenance of a drug free work
environment through the use of a reasonable drug testing/screening program. Therefore, in order to ensure the
integrity of the Department of the State Police and to preserve public trust and confidence in a fit and drug-free
law enforcement profession, the Commonwealth and the Association agree to implement a drug
testing/screening program and, under appropriate circumstances as set forth throughout this Article, to provide
for the rehabilitation of any such employee found to be in violation of this program.
Section 1. Purpose of Drug Testing/Screening Program.
The Department's Drug Testing/Screening Program employs five principles as a means to achieve
Departmental goals of providing maximum public service, a workplace free from the effects of drug use and to
ensure the fair treatment of employees.
The first principle is a commitment by the Employer and the Department to fairness in testing, free from
undocumented and unsubstantiated instances of ordering an employee to be tested and free from harassment by
any supervisor. Where there is reasonable suspicion that a supervisor has harassed an employee(s) through the
ordering of a test(s) said supervisor shall be subject to investigation and possible disciplinary action.
The second principle emphasizes deterrence from the effects of drug use. As such, the Department will make
education and training available for all employees regarding the effects of substance abuse on individuals ancf
on the workplace. Supervisors and managers will receive specialized training in detection, early intervention
and enforcement.
The third principle is detection. To this end, the Department will employ drug-testing in post-incident
situations, random testing, testing based on reasonable suspicion and testing done at the time of the
annual/biennial physical. All testing will be done by a laboratory certified under the Federal Department of
Health and Human Services Mandatory Guidelines for federal workplace drug testing programs.
The fourth principle is treatment and rehabilitation. The Department supports rehabilitation for those
employees whose job is in jeopardy yet who sincerely desire rehabilitative services. All employees are
encouraged to receive help for drug problems through participation in an Employee Assistance Program and/or
a recognized, certified Rehabilitation Program.
The fifth principle is enforcement, which is essential if deterrence, rehabilitation and detection are to be
successful. All employees must be fit for duty, as defined within this program. As required by the Federal
Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988, this Drug Testing/Screening Program proactively notifies all employees
that the unlawful manufacture, distribution, dispensing, possession and/or use of a controlled substance is
strictly prohibited at all times and on Department of the State Police property and in the conduct of
Departmental business.
Employees found to be in violation of any of the provisions contained in this Drug Testing/Screening Program
will be subject to discipline in accordance with standard Departmental procedures involving disciplinary
matters and in accordance with the disciplinary authority contained in M.G.L. Chapter 22C. Employees who
refuse to be tested when so ordered or refuse to enter an Employee Assistance Program or Rehabilitation
Program/Facility after a positive test shall be subject to dismissal. The Department does prefer to institute such
discipline as a last resort and is committed to the rehabilitation of the employee and his/her successful re-entry
into the workplace.
Section 2. Drug Testing Based on Reasonable Suspicion.
A. An employee shall be subject to an immediate drug test if reasonable suspicion of drug use is
determined by the employee's supervisor or other superior officer(s ). As used in this Article the term
Supervisor or Superior Officer shall only apply to employees holding the rank of Lieutenant and above
and shall exclude employees holding the rank of Sergeant.
B. The reasonable suspicion standard for drug testing is based upon a specific objective fact(s) and·
reasonable inferences drawn from that fact( s ), reasonable in light of experience that the individual may
be involved in the use of any illegally used drug, controlled substance or marijuana. Reasonable
suspicion may be based upon the following or other, comparable fact patterns:
- (1) Observable phenomena, such as direct observation of illegal use or possession of drugs and/or the physical symptoms of being under the influence of a drng, controlled substance or marijuana.
- (2) A documentable pattern of abnormal conduct or erratic behavior while on duty (i.e.: slurred speech, uncoordinated movement, gait stupor, excessive giddiness, unexplained periods of exhilaration and excitement, impaired judgment, deteriorating work performance or frequent accidents not attributable to other factors).
- (3) Arrest, indictment or conviction for a drug related offense or the identification of an employee, through an affidavit, as the focus of a criminal investigation into illegal drug use or trafficking.
- (4) Evidence that an employee has tampered with a previously administered drug test and/or has made false or misleading statements to Department personnel regarding past or present illegal use of drugs.
- (5) Repeated or flagrant violations of the Department's rules and procedures, which are determined by a supervisor, through an affidavit, to pose a substantial risk of injury or property damage and which are not attributable to other factors and appear to be related to drug use.
- (6) A documented, written report of drug use, in affidavit form, provided by reliable and credible sources such as other law enforcement agencies.
- (7) Causing an accident with "accident" being defmed as an unplanned, unexpected and unintended event which:
- (a) occurs on Department property, on Department business or during working hours; and
- (b) initially appears to have been caused wholly or partially by an employee; and
- (c) results in either:
- (i) fatality;
- (ii) any injury requiring medical treatment away from the scene of the event; or
- (iii) damage to property in excess of $2,500.00
- An unplanned, unexpected and unintended discharge of a firearm is also an "accident".
C. The supervisor/superior officer making the initial determination of reasonable suspicion shall
document, in writing, all circumstances, information and facts leading to and supporting his/her
suspicion. The report will include appropriate dates and times of suspect behavior, reliable/credible
sources of information, rationale leading to referral for testing and action( s) taken. The determination
of reasonable suspicion shall only be made by those employees holding the rank of Lieutenant or
above. Those holding the rank of Sergeant shall not be required to make any determination of
reasonable suspicion but shall be required to provide information and/or testimony where applicable.
D. The supervisor/superior officer shall consult with a second supervisor of a higher rank and they shall
jointly decide whether reasonable suspicion exists and if the employee shall be referred for testing.
E. The Association shall be notified immediately and all such documentation will be made available to
the Association, if approved by the employee. The President of the Association, or his/her designee
shall, as soon as reasonably possible, and where practicable, discuss with the supervisor/ superior
officer in determining ifreasonable suspicion exists for the employee to be ordered to drug testing. If
after such consultation the supervisor/superior officer believes that reasonable suspicion continues to
exist the employee will be tested. However, he/she will be allowed to appeal the decision based on the
procedures outlined in Section 5 of this Article. If under appeal, the employee will be required to
provide a urine sample, as outlined in Section 2H, but such sample shall not be tested until a final
determination is made after the appeal process.
F. An employee's refusal to submit to a test when directed to by a supervisor/superior officer will
constitute insubordination and the employee will be subject to discipline in accordance with Statutory
and Departmental rules, regulations and procedures concerning the imposition of discipline. In
addition, an employee will be required to read and sign a consent and release form authorizing the
collection and analysis of a specimen and the release of the test results to the Department. Refusal to
sign this form will constitute insubordination and the employee will be subject to discipline in
accordance with Statutory and Departmental rules, regulations and procedures concerning the
imposition of discipline.
G. In those cases where the supervisor determines that the employee's condition or behavior causes a
potential threat of harm to himself or others, the employee will be immediately escorted to the
collection facility and where there is no other misconduct resulting in suspension the employee shall
be placed on paid administrative leave and shall be subject to customary restrictions of such leave.
H. Once an employee has been referred for testing based on reasonable suspicion, it will be the
responsibility of the supervisor or superior officer to advise the employee of such decision and to
escort the employee to the collection facility. The supervisor or superior officer shall remain with the
employee at the collection site until testing is concluded. If the employee so desires, an Association
official may accompany him/her to the collection facility to act as an observer. However, the
Association official shall comply and not interfere in any way with the procedures identified in
Appendix DT/S-I of this Article. Once the collection procedures are over the supervisor or superior
officer shall transport the employee to his/her reporting barracks/sub-station and arrange for
transportation for the employee to be brought home. The supervisor or superior officer shall also
notify the employee that he/she is not to return to work pending receipt of the test results, or until a
determination is made that reasonable suspicion was not substantiated.
I. At the time of the drug test, the employee's urine sample will be divided into two collection bottles
("split sampling"). If a specimen is reported as positive, the employee may have the untested specimen
independently tested by a laboratory, licensed by the Massachusetts Department of Public Health to
perform forensic/drug testing, upon written application to the Colonel and within ten (10) days of the
notification of a positive result.
J. At the time that the employee provides a urine sample, the employee shall also provide a confidential,
written statement as to whether he/she is using any prescription drugs. If the test is positive the
employee must present evidence of the use of prescription drugs which shall include all written
confinnation from the employee's prescribing physician and copies of the prescriptions.
K. If an employee tests negative and/or is successful in an appeal of the grounds for a "reasonable
suspicion" test, said urine samples shall be destroyed and no material on such test placed in the
employee's personnel file. Any employee testing positive shall have the results and any documentation
placed in a filing system consistent with Section 4H of this Article.
Section 3. Procedures for Drug Testing.
A. All urine drug testing/screening will be performed under the Federal Department of Health and
Human Services Mandatory Guidelines for federal workplace testing as described in Appendix DT /S-
I, "Procedures for Drug Testing". These procedures call for the use of an Immunoassay Screen (i.e.
"EMT") with all positive results tested for confirmation using Gas Chromatography/Mass
Spectrometry (GC/MS) technology.
B. In accordance with M.G.L. Chapter 94C, all drug tests will consist of determinations of the presence
of these five drugs, classes of drugs, or their metabolites: marijuana metabolites, cocaine metabolites,
opiates metabolites, phencyclidine (PCP), and amphetamines. Other drugs or their metabolites, as
found in M.G.L. Chapter 94C or Section 802 (6) of Title 21 of the United States Code (21 USC
802(6)), may be tested for if particular use is suspected. Such other drugs or their metabolites include,
but need not be limited to: lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), methaqualc;me, barbiturates and
benzodiazepines.
C. The order for test submission and the actual testing process and results shall not be implemented for
the purpose of substantiating criminal allegations against the subject employee.
Section 4. Consequences of a Positive Test.
A. An employee tested under a "reasonable suspicion" drug test, a random drug test, post-incident drug
test or at the time of his/her annual/biennial physical and who tests positive for use of drugs as defined
in Section 3(B) may be subject to immediate termination. However, any employee testing positive for
the first time shall be allowed to enter a recognized, certified rehabilitation program, in-state or out-of-
state, in lieu of discipline with the full support and encouragement of the Department.
B. An employee must provide documentation to the Colonel regarding entry into and successful
completion of a drug rehabilitation program. Such documentation will indicate that the rehabilitation
program is a certified, recognized program by the Massachusetts Department of Public Health. In
addition, the employee shall provide the Colonel with proof of successful completion of said
Rehabilitation program.
C. The employee entering a Rehabilitation Program will sign the Rehabilitation Agreement with the
Department (Appendix DT/S-2) and abide by its terms and conditions.
D. An employee's seniority will not be interrupted by any in-patient or out-patient participation in a
rehabilitation program as provided in this Article.
E. The employee must successfully complete the rehabilitation program before returning to duty except
as provided in Section 4F of this Article. Before being re-instated to duty the employee shall meet
with the Colonel and the Department's Drug Program Administrator to discuss the Rehabilitation
Program and it's completion and to discuss assignment options. Such meeting(s) will be designed to
assist the employee's re-entry into the workplace.
F. During any out-patient period of such rehabilitation program, an employee can continue to utilize
accrued sick, vacation or other leave credits otherwise available to him/her by the Association-
Employer Collective Bargaining Agreement to maintain compensation status. Regular compensation
pursuant to the provisions of such Collective Bargaining Agreement shall not be received by an
employee participating in an out-patient period of a rehabilitation program; provided, however, that if
the Colonel receives from the rehabilitation program written communication advising that active work
status is an affirmatively recommended component of the out-patient rehabilitation and that the
employee is capable of that status, with full compensation as provided by the Association-Employer
Collective Bargaining Agreement, and the Colonel shall determine, upon consultation with the
rehabilitation program, the duties to be assigned to the employee and the location of assignment for
such employee during the period of the rehabilitation program. · During such period, the employee
shall not have access to either issued weapon or cruiser.
G.
- 1. An employee may use accrued sick leave, vacation leave and personal leave credits to attend the rehabilitation program. Such time will date from the assignment to administrative leave. An employee who uses all accrued time before completion of their rehabilitation program shall be allowed to borrow against future earned time equal to a maximum of one hundred sixty (160) hours broken down as follows: eighty (80) hours sick leave credits and eighty (80) hours vacation leave credits. Once the employee successfully re-enters the workforce all such borrowed time shall be repaid at the rate of one day per month.
- 2. The Employer will pay the cost of those items not otherwise covered by the employee's health insurance plan for any rehabilitation program pre-approved by the Colonel.
H. Upon such successful completion of the rehabilitation program, all records and documentation
regarding the initial determination ofreasonable suspicion and all succeeding events associated with
the processing of such determination and with the employee's participation in the rehabilitation
program will be retained by the Colonel, with strict standards of confidentiality, in a file separate from
the personnel file system; provided, however, that the only person having access to such separate file
shall be the Colonel, and further provided that if any material from such separate file is used by the
Colonel at any time for any purpose, the Colonel shall advise the involved employee of the full details
of such usage. The Colonel shall exercise discretion consistent with the confidential nature of such
material in any such usage.
I. Any employee's failure to successfully complete the rehabilitation program, where such failure is not
based on his/her failure to attend, cooperate with or participate in the rehabilitation program may result
in discipline and the employee may be required to undergo further rehabilitation. After a second
unsuccessful attempt at rehabilitation, the subject employee may be disciplined, up to and including
termination. An employee's failure to successfully complete the rehabilitation program, where such
failure is attributable to employee fault regarding attendance at, cooperation with or participation in
the rehabilitation program may result in discipline, up to and including termination.
J. Upon return to duty after successful completion of the drug rehabilitation program, the employee shall
be subject to random drug screening tests for a period of twenty-four (24) months, during which time
any positive test results may result in termination. Any employee refusing to be administered a drug
test during said twenty-four (24) month period, when required by the Colonel, shall be terminated. All
drug tests required during said twenty four (24) month period shall be deemed the result of a valid
determination of"reasonable suspicion" and shall be exempt from the provisions of Section 2 of this
Article.
K. In the event an employee's drug dependency can be causally related by competent medical opinion to
his/her history of assigned duties with the Department of State Police or the relevant predecessor state
law enforcement agency, the Colonel will support any disability retirement application filed by the
subject employee.
Section 5. Appeal of Decision to Test Under "Reasonable Suspicion".
A. Should an employee dispute the determination that "reasonable suspicion" exists for requiring his/ her
submission to a drug test, as discussed in Section 2 of this Article, the employee shall so notify the
Department, by filing Appendix 3 with his/her superior officer at the time a specimen is provided by
the employee. The laboratory shall be noticed simultaneous with delivery of the specimen that the test
is subject to protest. The sample shall be held and no testing done until a determination is made after
the appeal process.
- 1. The dispute shall be submitted immediately upon provision of the sample, to a member of a neutral panel of arbitrators. Said list of arbitrators shall be made up of twenty names, ten appointed by HRD and ten appointed by the Association and listed in alphabetical order. Both the Association and HRD will have the ability to strike up to five names off the list. Such arbitrators shall have experience in cases dealing with reasonable suspicion and drug testing and procedures associated therewith. The panel shall rotate, and neither party shall have the right to select a specific panel member for a specific dispute. The panel shall be appointed by the parties every twenty-four (24) months and continue to be listed in alphabetical order. The arbitrator shall preside over a hearing within seven (7) days of his/her selection, and shall issue a "bench determination" at the close of hearing as to whether the Department had "reasonable suspicion" to require the test. The Department shall be confined to substantiation of the reasons articulated pursuant to Section 2B of this Article. The employee and the Department shall be entitled to representation at the hearing. The employee shall have the right to refute any of the reasons so articulated.
- 2. Should the arbitrator determine that the Department had reasonable suspicion, the laboratory shall be instructed to immediately conduct the test on the employee sample. The results of such test shall be forthwith delivered to the Colonel. The Colonel shall notify the employee in question of the results.
- Should the arbitrator determine that the Department was without reasonable suspicion, the employee urine sample and all records associated with the incident shall be destroyed forthwith. The determination of the arbitrator shall be final and binding upon the parties as to whether the Department had reasonable suspicion to require the test.
- 3. In the event the arbitrator determines that the Department did not have reasonable suspicion to order an employee to provide a sample for testing, the Colonel shall issue a letter of apology to the involved employee.
Section 6. Random Drug Testing.
A. All sworn officers of the Department of State Police will be subject to random drug testing. Such
testing will be done during an employee's regularly scheduled shift.
B. Upon notification that an employee is scheduled for Random Drug Testing such employee will appear
as required at the location specified for drug testing.
C. The random selection process shall be by computer generated numbers for each sworn officer of the
Department. Such computer generated program shall be performed by an outside contractor hired by
the Department after consultations with the Association and which specializes in such function.
D. Refusal to report for testing shall constitute insubordination and will result in the imposition of
discipline in accordance with Statutory and Departmental rules, regulations and procedures concerning
the imposition of discipline.
E. An employee who tests positive after a random drug test shall be subject to the same conditions, found
in Section 4 of this Article, as those who test positive under the "reasonable suspicion" drug test.
Section 7. Post- Incident Testing.
A. An employee shall be subject to an immediate post-incident drug test when involved in a "critical
incident". A "critical incident" is defined as:
- 1. The actions of any on duty employee which results in the death of a person;
- 2. The operation of a vehicle on duty or any time in a departmental vehicle off duty by an employee which results in a fatal traffic accident or an accident causing any injury or property damage in excess of $2,500.00;
- 3. Where the actions of an employee causes any physical injury or death to a person by the use of a firearm either on-duty or off-duty.
Section 8. Testing At Annual/Biennial Physical.
A. All employees shall be subject to a drug test at the time of their annual or biennial Department
physical.
B. Any employee who tests positive will be subject to the conditions of Section 4 of this Article, as those
who test positive under the "reasonable suspicion" drug test.
Section 9. Selection of Laboratory and Medical Review Officer.
A. The Department shall contract for laboratory services with a laboratory certified by the Federal
Department of Health and Human Services under the Mandatory Guidelines for Federal Workplace
Drug Testing Programs. Prior to advertising the RFP for such services the Department will ask the
Association for their comments and suggestions on the RFP.
B. As set forth in the Mandatory Guidelines for Federal Workplace Testing Programs there shall be a
Medical Review Officer (MRO) chosen to fulfill the function of reviewing the results of the tested
employee and protecting the confidential nature of the employee's medical information.
- 1. The MRO shall be a licensed physician responsible for receiving laboratory drug testing results and who has a knowledge of substance abuse disorders and has appropriate medical training to interpret and evaluate a positive test result relative to the employee's medical history and other biomedical information.
- 2. The MRO must hold either a Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) or Doctor of Osteopathy (D.O.) degree. In terms of substance abuse disorders, the MRO must be knowledgeable in the medical use of prescription drugs and the pharmacology and toxicology of illicit drugs.
- 3. The MRO shall be selected by the Department after the advertisement of an RFP for the position. Prior to advertisement the Association shall be given a copy of the RFP and shall provide the Department with collllllents and suggestions.
- 4. The MRO shall not be an employee of the Department nor be an employee or agent or have any financial interest in the laboratory for which the MRO is reviewing drug testing results. Additionally, the MRO shall not derive any financial benefit by having an agency use a specific drug testing laboratory or have any agreement with the laboratory that may be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The purpose of this requirement is to prevent any arrangement between a laboratory and an MRO that would prevent the MRO from reporting a problem identified with a laboratory's test results or testing procedures. Similarly, the laboratory is prohibited from entering into any agreement with an MRO that could be construed as a conflict of interest.
- 5. The MRO shall have the following responsibilities:
- a. Review the information on the specimen Custody and Control Form and determine that the information is forensically and scientifically supportable.
- b. Interview the donor employee when required.
- c. Make a determination regarding the test result.
- d. Report the verified result to the Department.
- e. Maintain records and confidentiality of the information.[2]
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