Florida Amendment 2, Right to Hunt and Fish Amendment (2024)
Florida Right to Hunt and Fish Amendment | |
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Election date November 5, 2024 | |
Topic Hunting and fishing and Constitutional rights | |
Status![]() | |
Type Constitutional amendment | Origin State legislature |
The Florida Right to Hunt and Fish Amendment was on the ballot in Florida as a legislatively referred constitutional amendment on November 5, 2024. It was approved.
A "yes" vote supported establishing a constitutional right to hunt and fish in Florida. |
A "no" vote opposed establishing a constitutional right to hunt and fish in Florida. |
Election results
Amendment 2 needed to receive a 60% vote to be approved.
Florida Amendment 2 |
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Result | Votes | Percentage | ||
6,941,307 | 67.34% | |||
No | 3,365,987 | 32.66% |
Overview
What would the amendment do?
- See also: Text of measure
The ballot measure provided a state constitutional right to hunt and fish and declare that hunting and fishing are the preferred means for "responsibly managing and controlling fish and wildlife" and "shall be preserved forever as a public right." The amendment did not limit the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission's constitutional powers under Article IV, Section 9.[1]
Do other states have constitutional rights to hunt and fish?
As of 2023, a total of 23 states had constitutional provisions that protected the right to hunt and fish. This right was first constitutionalized in Vermont in 1777, with 22 additional states following suit starting with Alabama in 1996. The most recent state to adopt such an amendment was Utah, where it was approved by 75% of voters in 2020.
What did supporters and opponents say about the measure?
- See also: Support and Opposition
Vote Yes on Amendment 2 led the campaign in support of the amendment.[2] Yes on 2 said, "Hunting and fishing bans were considered in at least a dozen states in 2022. ... So far, 23 states have passed a constitutional Right to Fish and Hunt amendment – Florida is not yet one of those states. Amendment 2 definitively protects our right to fish and hunt in the state of Florida. While bans were considered in at least a dozen states last year, including a push to criminalize hunting, fishing and farming, Amendment 2 will prevent extremists from taking away our rights."[3]
No to 2 led the campaign in opposition to the measure. No To 2 said the amendment is a threat to wildlife and that "even though the planet has lost 69% of its wildlife over the past 50 years, this amendment would create a fundamental right in the Florida Constitution to Hunt and Fish using 'traditional methods.'" The group also said, "This ill-advised amendment could be used to override protections for fish stocks such as effectively nullifying the prohibition on Gill Nets that are a wall of death in the sea."[4]
Text of measure
Ballot title
The ballot title was as follows:[1]
“ | RIGHT TO FISH AND HUNT.[5] | ” |
Ballot summary
The ballot summary was as follows:[1]
“ | Proposing an amendment to the State Constitution to preserve forever fishing and hunting, including by the use of traditional methods, as a public right and preferred means of responsibly managing and controlling fish and wildlife. Specifies that the amendment does not limit the authority granted to the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission under Section 9 of Article IV of the State Constitution.[5] | ” |
Constitutional changes
- See also: Article I, Florida Constitution
The amendment amended Article I of the Florida Constitution. The following struck-through text was deleted and underlined text was added.[1]
SECTION 28. Fishing, hunting, and the taking of fish and wildlife.—Fishing, hunting, and the taking of fish and wildlife, including by the use of traditional methods, shall be preserved forever as a public right and preferred means of responsibly managing and controlling fish and wildlife. This section does not limit the authority granted to the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission under Section 9 of Article IV.[5]
Readability score
- See also: Ballot measure readability scores, 2024
Using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) and Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) formulas, Ballotpedia scored the readability of the ballot title and summary for this measure. Readability scores are designed to indicate the reading difficulty of text. The Flesch-Kincaid formulas account for the number of words, syllables, and sentences in a text; they do not account for the difficulty of the ideas in the text. The state legislature wrote the ballot language for this measure.
The FKGL for the ballot title is grade level -2, and the FRE is 117. The word count for the ballot title is 5.
The FKGL for the ballot summary is grade level 14, and the FRE is 36. The word count for the ballot summary is 66.
Support
Vote Yes on Amendment 2 led the campaign in support of the amendment.[6] The campaign provided a full list of endorsements on its website, which is available here.
Supporters
Officials
- State Sen. Jim Boyd (R)
- State Rep. Lauren Melo (R)
- House Speaker Paul Renner (R)
Organizations
- All Florida
- American Sportfishing Association
- Backcountry Hunters and Anglers
- Bonefish & Tarpon Trust
- Coastal Conservation Association
- Congressional Sportsman’s Foundation
- Delta Waterfowl
- Everglades Coordinating Council
- Florida Airboat Association
- Florida Guides Association
- Florida Sportsman’s Conservation Association
- Future Hunting in Florida
- International Order of T. Roosevelt
- National Deer Association
- National Shooting Sports Foundation
- Safari Club International
Arguments
Opposition
No to 2 led the campaign in opposition to the amendment.[7] The campaign provided a full list of endorsements on its website, which is available here.
Opponents
Corporations
Organizations
- American Ecosystems, Inc.
- Animal Wellness Action
- Bayley Seton Hospital P.A. Program
- Bear Defenders
- Career College of Northern Nevada
- Center for a Humane Economy
- Citizen Axis, Inc.
- Fix & Feed Feline Feral, Inc.
- Florence-Darlington Technical College
- Florida Bar Animal Law Section
- Humane Society of the United States
- Humane Wildlife Consulting of South Florida
- Inter-Vision Homes, Inc.
- Lassen County Community College
- League of Humane Voters of Florida
- One Protest
- Paws and Recreation
- Rutgers New Jersey Medical School
- Sarasota Vegan Society
- Save-a-Turtle.org
- Speak Up Wekiva, Inc.
- Speak Up for Wildlife, Inc.
- Workforce Homes, Inc.
- World Animal Protection
- Worsham College
Arguments
Media editorials
- See also: 2024 ballot measure media endorsements
Support
You can share campaign information or arguments, along with source links for this information, at editor@ballotpedia.org.
Opposition
Campaign finance
Vote Yes on Amendment 2 registered to support the amendment. The committee reported $1.25 million in contributions.[8]
NoTo2.org registered to oppose the amendment. The committee reported $130,540.65 in contributions.[8]
Cash Contributions | In-Kind Contributions | Total Contributions | Cash Expenditures | Total Expenditures | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Support | $1,230,125.00 | $20,843.24 | $1,250,968.24 | $1,230,125.00 | $1,250,968.24 |
Oppose | $105,156.76 | $25,383.89 | $130,540.65 | $105,156.76 | $130,540.65 |
Total | $1,335,281.76 | $46,227.13 | $1,381,508.89 | $1,335,281.76 | $1,381,508.89 |
Support
The following table includes contribution and expenditure totals for the committee in support of Amendment 2.[8]
Committees in opposition to Amendment 2 | |||||
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Committee | Cash Contributions | In-Kind Contributions | Total Contributions | Cash Expenditures | Total Expenditures |
Vote Yes on Amendment 2 | $1,230,125.00 | $20,843.24 | $1,250,968.24 | $1,230,125.00 | $1,250,968.24 |
Total | $1,230,125.00 | $20,843.24 | $1,250,968.24 | $1,230,125.00 | $1,250,968.24 |
Donors
The following were the top donors to the support committee.
Donor | Cash Contributions | In-Kind Contributions | Total Contributions |
---|---|---|---|
Friends of Wilton Simpson | $100,000.00 | $0.00 | $100,000.00 |
Arcadia Stockyard | $50,000.00 | $0.00 | $50,000.00 |
Hilliard Brothers of Florida | $50,000.00 | $0.00 | $50,000.00 |
Fish & Wildlife Foundation of Florida Inc | $25,000.00 | $0.00 | $25,000.00 |
T. Roosevelt Action Inc | $25,000.00 | $0.00 | $25,000.00 |
Opposition
The following table includes contribution and expenditure totals for the committee in opposition to Amendment 2.[8]
Committees in opposition to Amendment 2 | |||||
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Committee | Cash Contributions | In-Kind Contributions | Total Contributions | Cash Expenditures | Total Expenditures |
NoTo2.org | $105,156.76 | $25,383.89 | $130,540.65 | $105,156.76 | $130,540.65 |
Total | $105,156.76 | $25,383.89 | $130,540.65 | $105,156.76 | $130,540.65 |
Donors
The following were the top donors to the opposition committee.
Donor | Cash Contributions | In-Kind Contributions | Total Contributions |
---|---|---|---|
Sierra Club, Inc | $50,000.00 | $0.00 | $50,000.00 |
Sierra Club Florida PAC | $30,000.00 | $4,999.99 | $34,999.99 |
Charles W. O'Neal | $1,001.00 | $9,990.52 | $10,991.52 |
Humane Society of the US | $55.00 | $9,681.04 | $9,736.04 |
Methodology
To read Ballotpedia's methodology for covering ballot measure campaign finance information, click here.
Background
Florida hunting and fishing statute
Florida law provides for a right to hunt and fish. Florida Statute 379.104 is as follows:[9]
“ | Right to hunt and fish.—The Legislature recognizes that hunting, fishing, and the taking of game are a valued part of the cultural heritage of Florida and should be forever preserved for Floridians. The Legislature further recognizes that these activities play an important part in the state’s economy and in the conservation, preservation, and management of the state’s natural areas and resources. Therefore, the Legislature intends that the citizens of Florida have a right to hunt, fish, and take game, subject to the regulations and restrictions prescribed by general law and by s. 9, Art. IV of the State Constitution.[5] | ” |
Constitutional right to hunt and fish ballot measures
As of November 2024, 24 states had constitutional provisions providing for the right to hunt and fish. Vermont was the first state to constitutionalize such a right in 1777. The other 22 states have adopted right to hunt and fish amendments since 1996. The state constitutions of California and Rhode Island include amendments guaranteeing the right to fish, but not to hunt.[10]
List
The following is a list of state ballot measures to adopt right to hunt and fish amendments:
State | Year | Type | Title | Description | Result | Yes Votes | No Votes |
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FL | 2024 | Amendment 2 | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt and fish |
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6,941,307 (67%) |
3,365,987 (33%) |
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UT | 2020 | Constitutional Amendment E | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt and to fish |
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1,063,212 (75%) |
355,848 (25%) |
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NC | 2018 | Right to Hunt and Fish Amendment | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt, fish, and harvest wildlife |
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2,083,123 (57%) |
1,563,090 (43%) |
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IN | 2016 | Public Question 1 | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt, fish, and trap, including traditional methods |
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1,893,467 (79%) |
492,300 (21%) |
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KS | 2016 | Constitutional Amendment 1 | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt, fish, and trap, including traditional methods |
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926,970 (81%) |
213,104 (19%) |
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TX | 2015 | Proposition 6 | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt, fish, and trap, including traditional methods |
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1,260,763 (81%) |
294,973 (19%) |
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AL | 2014 | Amendment 5 | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt, fish, and harvest wildlife, including traditional methods |
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789,777 (80%) |
199,483 (20%) |
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MS | 2014 | HCR 30 | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt, fish, and trap, including traditional methods |
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524,423 (88%) |
71,683 (12%) |
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ID | 2012 | HJR 2 | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt, fish, and trap, including traditional methods |
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456,514 (73%) |
165,289 (27%) |
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KY | 2012 | Amendment | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt, fish, and harvest wildlife |
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1,298,340 (84%) |
238,320 (16%) |
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NE | 2012 | Amendment 2 | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt, fish, and harvest wildlife |
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557,534 (77%) |
169,250 (23%) |
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WY | 2012 | Amendment B | Provide for a state constitutional right to harvest wild bird, fish, and game |
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212,561 (89%) |
25,564 (11%) |
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AR | 2010 | Amendment 1 | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt, fish, trap, and harvest wildlife |
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612,495 (83%) |
127,444 (17%) |
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AZ | 2010 | Proposition 109 | Provide for state constitutional right to hunt, fish, and harvest wildlife |
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714,144 (44%) |
926,991 (56%) |
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SC | 2010 | Amendment 1 | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt, fish, and harvest wildlife |
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1,126,228 (89%) |
139,668 (11%) |
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TN | 2010 | Amendment | Provide for state constitutional right to hunt and fish |
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1,255,840 (87%) |
181,465 (13%) |
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OK | 2008 | State Question 742 | Establish a constitutional right to hunt, trap, fish, and take game, granting authority to the Wildlife Conservation Commission. |
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1,082,341 (80%) |
269,787 (20%) |
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GA | 2006 | Amendment 2 | Preserve the ability to fish and hunt in Georgia and ensure it is managed by law and regulation for the public good |
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1,626,226 (81%) |
379,024 (19%) |
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LA | 2004 | Question 1 | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt, fish, and trap |
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1,195,445 (81%) |
279,926 (19%) |
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MT | 2004 | C-41 | Provide for a state constitutional right to harvest wild fish and game |
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345,505 (81%) |
83,185 (19%) |
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WI | 2003 | Question 1 | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt, fish, trap, and take game |
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668,459 (82%) |
146,182 (18%) |
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ND | 2000 | Measure 1 | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt, fish, trap, and take game |
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206,443 (77%) |
61,531 (23%) |
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VA | 2000 | Question 2 | Provide for a right to hunt, fish, and harvest game |
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1,448,154 (60%) |
970,266 (40%) |
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MN | 1998 | Amendment 3 | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt, fish, and take game |
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1,570,720 (77%) |
462,749 (23%) |
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AL | 1996 | Amendment 1 | Provide for a state constitutional right to hunt and fish |
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955,149 (81%) |
218,350 (19%) |
Map
The following map shows which states have constitutional rights to hunt and fish in their state constitutions:
Path to the ballot
- See also: Amending the Florida Constitution
A 60% vote is required during one legislative session for the Florida State Legislature to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 72 votes in the Florida House of Representatives and 24 votes in the Florida State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot. Amendments on the ballot must be approved by 60% of voters to pass.
The constitutional amendment was introduced into the Florida State Legislature as House Joint Resolution 1157 (HJR 1157) on February 24, 2023. The House approved the amendment on April 25, 2023, by a vote of 116-0. The Senate passed the amendment on April 28, 2023, by a vote of 38-1.[1]
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How to cast a vote
- See also: Voting in Florida
See below to learn more about current voter registration rules, identification requirements, and poll times in Florida.
See also
Footnotes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Florida State Senate, "HJR 1157," accessed April 26, 2023
- ↑ The Capitolist, "New campaign launched to support constitutional amendment for hunting and fishing rights," accessed April 30, 2024
- ↑ Yes on 2 Florida, "Home," accessed April 30, 2024
- ↑ NoTo2.org, "Home," accessed March 18, 2024
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source. Cite error: Invalid
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tag; name "quotedisclaimer" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ The Capitolist, "New campaign launched to support constitutional amendment for hunting and fishing rights," accessed April 30, 2024
- ↑ No to 2, "Home," accessed November 15, 2023
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Florida Division of Elections Committee Tracking System, "NoTo2.org," accessed November 15, 2023
- ↑ Florida Statutes, "379.104 Right to hunt and fish," accessed October 1, 2024
- ↑ National Shooting Sports Foundation, "State “Right to Hunt and Fish” Protections," accessed May 20, 2015
- ↑ Florida Secretary of State, "FAQ - Voting," accessed July 23, 2024
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Florida Division of Elections, "National Voter Registration Act (NVRA)," accessed July 23, 2024
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 Florida Division of Elections, "Register to Vote or Update your Information," accessed July 23, 2024
- ↑ Florida Department of State, "Florida Voter Registration Application Instructions and Form," accessed November 1, 2024
- ↑ Under federal law, the national mail voter registration application (a version of which is in use in all states with voter registration systems) requires applicants to indicate that they are U.S. citizens in order to complete an application to vote in state or federal elections, but does not require voters to provide documentary proof of citizenship. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the application "may require only the minimum amount of information necessary to prevent duplicate voter registrations and permit State officials both to determine the eligibility of the applicant to vote and to administer the voting process."
- ↑ Florida Division of Elections, "Election Day Voting," accessed July 22, 2024
- ↑ Florida Division of Elections, "Florida History: Voter ID at the Polls," accessed July 22, 2024
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