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Mayoral election in Seattle, Washington, 2025 (August 5 nonpartisan primary)

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2021
2025 Seattle elections
Ballotpedia Election Coverage Badge.png
Election dates
Filing deadline: May 9, 2025
Primary election: August 5, 2025
General election: November 4, 2025
Election stats
Offices up: Mayor
Total seats up: 1 (click here for other city elections)
Other municipal elections
U.S. municipal elections, 2025
On the Ballot Episode 208: Seattle mayoral primary results: Incumbent Bruce Harrell trails challenger Katie Wilson

Katie Wilson and incumbent Bruce Harrell defeated six other candidates in the August 5 nonpartisan primary election for mayor of Seattle. The general election is scheduled for November 4, 2025.

Harrell was first elected in 2021, when he defeated M. Lorena González 58.6%-41.2%. The last incumbent Seattle mayor to win re-election was Greg Nickels in 2005.[1]

Four candidates — Wilson, Harrell, Ry Armstrong, and Joe Mallahan — led in media attention and campaign fundraising.[2] Although the election was nonpartisan, all four candidates were Democrats.[3] The section below includes a breakdown of each noteworthy candidate. To read more about how Ballotpedia defines noteworthy candidates, click here.

  • Wilson was the co-founder and executive director of the Seattle-based Transit Riders Union.[4] Wilson's campaign website said she would "open 4,000 new units of emergency housing and shelter in four years" and support policies challenging the Trump Administration.[5][6] The King County Democrats and the Transit Riders Union endorsed Wilson.[7] As of July 2, Wilson raised $450,000 and spent $60,000.
  • Before he was elected mayor, Harrell was a lawyer and a member of the Seattle City Council from 2008 to 2020. Harrell ran on his record. His campaign website said he would prioritize "a transportation system focused on safety, sidewalks, road infrastructure, bus and light rail," and support policies challenging the Trump Administration.[8] Washington Gov. Bob Ferguson (D), Attorney General Nick Brown (D), and U.S. Sen. Maria Cantwell (D) endorsed Harrell.[9] As of July 2, Harrell raised $450,000 and spent $132,000.
  • Armstrong was the co-executive director of Sustainable Seattle and a member of Actors’ Equity Association's National Council.[10] Armstrong’s campaign website said Armstrong would support "policies that prioritize fair wages, safe working conditions, and the right to organize in Trump’s America" and invest in childcare.[11][12] The Democratic Municipal Officials, the LGBTQ+ Victory Fund, and Run for Something endorsed Armstrong.[13]Armstrong raised $101,104.47 and spent $81,000.
  • Mallahan was the former vice president of business development at T-Mobile and ran for mayor in 2009. In the 2009 general election, Mike McGinn defeated Mallahan 51.14%-47.65%.[14] Mallahan's campaign website said he would implement a community policing model, invest in alternative crisis responses, and participate in 50 patrol ride-alongs in his first year as mayor.[15][16]As of July 2, Mallahan raised $116,000 and spent $11,000.

All four candidates also listed public safety and housing as priorities on their campaign websites.

Seattle voters also approved three ballot measures in February 2025, including Proposition 1A, a citizen initiative that established a new tax to fund the city's new social housing developer. Proposition 1A appeared on the ballot along with Proposition 1B, which the Seattle City Council and the mayor referred to the ballot as an alternative measure. Proposition 1B would have used existing payroll expense tax revenues from the next five annual budgets to fund the social housing developer. Voters approved Proposition 1A and defeated Proposition 1B 63.1%-36.9%. Wilson, Armstrong, and Mallahan all said they supported Proposition 1A, while Harrell supported Proposition 1B.[1]

This election shared the ballot with Proposition 1, which asked voters to decide if the city should replace an expiring levy to fund the city's public campaign finance program. Click here to learn more. Seattle is also holding elections for city attorney and city council in 2025. Click here to learn more about those races.

The filing deadline for this election was May 9, 2025. As of 2025, Seattle does not have term limits for the position of mayor. Mayors serve a four-year term.

This article covers the nonpartisan primary. For more information about the general election, click the link below:

Candidates and election results

Click on the tabs below to show more information about those topics.

Candidates and results

Note: Ballotpedia will add the candidate list for this election once we have it.

General election

The candidate list in this election may not be complete.

General election for Mayor of Seattle

Incumbent Bruce Harrell and Katie Wilson are running in the general election for Mayor of Seattle on November 4, 2025.

Candidate
Image of Bruce Harrell
Bruce Harrell (Nonpartisan)
Image of Katie Wilson
Katie Wilson (Nonpartisan)

Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Nonpartisan primary election

Nonpartisan primary for Mayor of Seattle

The following candidates ran in the primary for Mayor of Seattle on August 5, 2025.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Katie Wilson
Katie Wilson (Nonpartisan)
 
48.1
 
55,214
Image of Bruce Harrell
Bruce Harrell (Nonpartisan)
 
43.6
 
50,061
Image of Joe Mallahan
Joe Mallahan (Nonpartisan)
 
4.6
 
5,333
Image of Clinton Bliss
Clinton Bliss (Nonpartisan) Candidate Connection
 
1.2
 
1,419
Image of Ry Armstrong
Ry Armstrong (Nonpartisan)
 
1.1
 
1,223
Isaiah Willoughby (Nonpartisan)
 
0.5
 
526
Thaddeus Whelan (Nonpartisan)
 
0.4
 
483
Image of Joe Molloy
Joe Molloy (Nonpartisan)
 
0.4
 
482

Total votes: 114,741
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Additional elections on the ballot

See also: Washington elections, 2025

What's on your ballot?
Click here to find out!

February 11, 2025
April 22, 2025
August 5, 2025
November 4, 2025

Voting information

See also: Voting in Washington

What was the voter registration deadline?

  • In-person: August 5, 2025
  • By mail: Received by July 28, 2025
  • Online: July 28, 2025

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot request deadline?

  • Washington is an all-mail voting state. In Washington, every voter receives a mail-in ballot by default. Voters may submit completed ballots by mail or place them in a ballot drop box. Voters can also vote in person at a voting center.

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot return deadline?

  • In-person: August 5, 2025
  • By mail: Postmarked by August 5, 2025

Was early voting available to all voters? Yes

What were the early voting start and end dates? July 16-August 5, 2025

Were all voters required to present ID at the polls? If so, was a photo or non-photo ID required? Non-photo ID required

When were polls open on Election Day? 8:30 a.m. – 8:00 p.m.

Candidate comparison

Candidate profiles

This section includes candidate profiles that may be created in one of two ways: either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey, or Ballotpedia staff may compile a profile based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements after identifying the candidate as noteworthy. For more on how we select candidates to include, click here.

Image of Bruce Harrell

WebsiteFacebook

Incumbent: Yes

Political Office: 

  • Mayor of Seattle, Washington (Assumed office: 2022)
  • Mayor of Seattle, Washington (2017-2017)
  • Seattle City Council District 2 (2008-2020)

Biography:  Harrell earned a bachelor's degree and a J.D. from the University of Washington. His career experience includes working as chief legal advisor to the Rainier Valley Community Development Fund and chief counsel to US West.



Key Messages

The following key messages were curated by Ballotpedia staff. For more on how we identify key messages, click here.


Harrell ran on his record, saying, "We’ve delivered public safety solutions, kept parks and sidewalks open and accessible while moving people into shelter and housing with services, made historic investments in affordable housing, prioritized a transportation system focused on safety, and passed nation-leading climate legislation."


Harrell's campaign website said his top priority was public safety: "We’ve made great strides– rebuilding our police department to reduce crime, improve response times, decrease gun violence, and increase police staffing (highest application rate in a decade). ... We’ll accelerate these strategies to bring peace of mind to every resident."


Harrell's campaign website said he would focus on affordable housing and homelessness: "We’ve dedicated over $1 billion toward affordable housing, cutting red tape to accelerate new housing, doubling housing capacity over the next decades, and reducing unauthorized tent encampments by 80% with record numbers of shelter referrals, placements, and connections to service."


Show sources

This information was current as of the candidate's run for Mayor of Seattle in 2025.

Image of Ry Armstrong

WebsiteTwitterYouTube

Incumbent: No

Political Office: None

Biography:  Armstrong earned a bachelor's degree from Central Washington University in 2016 and a graduate degree from American University in 2019. Armstrong's career experience includes working as the co-executive director of Sustainable Seattle and being an Actors’ Equity Association's National Council member.



Key Messages

The following key messages were curated by Ballotpedia staff. For more on how we identify key messages, click here.


Armstrong's campaign website said they would prioritize workers' rights: "As an AFL-CIO affiliated elected labor leader, Ry has spent their career fighting for workers. They will champion policies that prioritize fair wages, safe working conditions, and the right to organize in Trump’s America."


Armstrong's campaign website said they would focus on building more housing: " This is the top priority for our city to build more affordable, permanently available, and accessible housing while safeguarding renters and homeowners from displacement, including further investments in social housing."


Armstrong said they would focus on public safety and prioritize "investing in community-based solutions, mental health resources, and first responders who are equipped to address crises with compassion and care" as well as transit safety and infrastructure.


Show sources

This information was current as of the candidate's run for Mayor of Seattle in 2025.

Image of Clinton Bliss

WebsiteYouTube

Incumbent: No

Political Office: None

Submitted Biography "I have lived in Seattle since 1990 and have spent my career helping people. I work as a physician, own my own primary care clinic in Seattle, and also work as an ER physician and a hospital physician. In 1989, I graduated from UCLA School of Medicine and graduated from the University of Washington Family Medicine Residency in 1992. As a physician, I take the time needed to understand all of my patient's concerns and medical problems before making a diagnosis and plan. The approach I take is based on the knowledge that human beings are complex, each person is unique and providing care requires extensive knowledge and an open mind. While I enjoy working with patients directly, I frequently take leadership positions when needed. During my career, I have been Director of Emergency Services, Director of Hospitalist Services, and Chief of Staff of a Tri-state Hospital System. I am a person who excels by understanding the big picture. I believe that every system is designed to get the results it gets. Rather than blaming others, I work to change the underlying structure of the organization to reflect our values. Once this is done, I find problems start solving themselves. In terms of my personal life, I am in a long-term partnership, and we work together in our clinic and also produce and attend a free form dance on Capital Hill each week. Sometimes I DJ."


Key Messages

To read this candidate's full survey responses, click here.


Mark Twain said that America has the best government money can buy. This sums up our biggest problem as a country. Our political process runs on a system of legalized bribery. In order to get elected, our politicians have to make promises to wealthy donors and give concessions to wealthy special interest groups. The average person has a say in government with a vote every 2-4 years. Wealthy donors dictate to their special interests what bills are brought to a vote, what bills get passed, how much we pay in taxes and where the money goes. Until we rectify this problem, our poor and minority communities will continue to be discriminated against. My vote can't be bought, neither should yours. Vote Dr. Bliss for Mayor of Seattle


Our Public Schools across the country, including Seattle, are failing. According to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle Public Schools Graduate only 50% of poor and minority student and only 70% overall. Our public schools have a monopoly and unless you can afford a private education, you have no other options. If you live in a poor neighborhood you get a poor public education. If you live in a rich one, you get an excellent public education. This is one of many outcomes of Institutionalized Economic Oppression. As mayor, I would use our city libraries system and our department of education to provide an alternative pathway for those who our public schools are failing.


Our city needs proactive planning. Today, the state dictates city zoning, county provides our bus service, and regional transit authority -growing at a snail's pace at an astronomical cost - provides light rail that serves a small fraction of our population. We talk endlessly about building affordable housing while the cost of owning or renting in Seattle has increased by 50% of the last 5 years. We are now the 7th most expensive city for housing in the US. My solution is 5-7 story mixed-use density along transit corridors that allows our green spaces to stay green, creates real affordable housing with walkable services and workplaces, and provides public transit within 5 minutes. I would press the state to approve this wiser plan.

This information was current as of the candidate's run for Mayor of Seattle in 2025.

Image of Joe Mallahan

WebsiteFacebookTwitter

Incumbent: No

Political Office: None

Biography:  Mallahan earned a bachelor's degree from the Catholic University of America in 1985, a master's degree the University of Washington in 1990, and an MBA from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business in 1993. Mallahan's experience included working as the former vice president of business development at T-Mobile. He was also a 2009 Seattle mayoral candidate.



Key Messages

The following key messages were curated by Ballotpedia staff. For more on how we identify key messages, click here.


Mallahan ran on his experience working at T-Mobile. His campaign website said, "His track record, from expanding housing access for formerly homeless mothers to spearheading a national program at T-Mobile that gave millions of credit-challenged Americans access to affordable wireless service, highlights his dedication to real change."


 On public safety, Mallahan's campaign website said he would "work with impacted communities to reform SPD culture, strengthen civilian oversight, and rebuild public trust", "invest in alternative crisis response and behavioral health systems", "decrease emergency response times", and participate in "50 patrol ride-alongs in his first year to stay grounded in SPD's daily realities." 


On housing, Mallahan's campaign website said he would "push to restore the $100 million in cuts to housing and homelessness services to increase emergency and permanent supportive housing programs," "build more housing, expand temporary shelter capacity, and deliver mental health and addiction treatment for those who need it," and "reduce unnecessary barriers to building housing that slow development and drive up the cost of housing."


Show sources

This information was current as of the candidate's run for Mayor of Seattle in 2025.

Image of Katie Wilson

WebsiteFacebookTwitter

Incumbent: No

Political Office: None

Biography:  Wilson studied physics and philosophy at Oxford University. Her career experience included working as the co-founder and executive director of the Transit Riders Union (TRU). Her other experience included being a political columnist for Cascade PBS, PubliCola, The Urbanist, and The Stranger.



Key Messages

The following key messages were curated by Ballotpedia staff. For more on how we identify key messages, click here.


Wilson ran on her experience as an activist. Her campaign website said, "I have a proven record of bringing together powerful coalitions, taking on corporate interests, and winning major victories that improve ordinary people’s lives. Over the past fourteen years of organizing in Seattle and across King County, I've learned how city hall works — and how it too often fails to work for us."


On housing, Wilson's campaign website said she would "open 4,000 new units of emergency housing and shelter in four years," "pursue a $1 billion bond for union-built affordable housing" and "clamp down on bad-actor landlord practices."


On public safety, Wilson's campaign website said she would "improve the City’s record on violence prevention and response", "address drug and disorder hotspots by scaling up proven programs," "expand alternative crisis response and other civilian roles, so police can focus on policing," and focus on"policing that is responsive, trustworthy, and accountable."


Show sources

This information was current as of the candidate's run for Mayor of Seattle in 2025.

Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses

Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.

No candidate in this race has completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. Ballotpedia is seeking 100 percent participation so voters can learn more about all the candidates on their ballots.

You can ask candidates in this race to fill out the survey by clicking their names below:


Campaign ads

Ballotpedia did not come across any campaign ads for Bruce Harrell while conducting research on this election. If you are aware of any ads that should be included, please email us.

Endorsements

See also: Ballotpedia: Our approach to covering endorsements

Click the links below to see official endorsement lists published on candidate campaign websites for any candidates that make that information available. If you are aware of a website that should be included, please email us.

Election competitiveness

Polls

See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls

We provide results for polls that are included in polling aggregation from FiveThirtyEight and RealClearPolitics, when available. No polls were available for this election. To notify us of polls published in this election, please email us.

Election spending

Campaign finance

Candidates in this election submitted campaign finance reports to the Washington State Public Disclosure Commission. Click here to access those reports.

Satellite spending

See also: Satellite spending

Satellite spending describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.[17][18][19]

If available, this section includes links to online resources tracking satellite spending in this election. To notify us of a resource to add, email us.

Election context

Ballot access requirements

Information on ballot access requirements for candidates can be found here.

Election history

2021

See also: Mayoral election in Seattle, Washington (2021)

See also: Mayoral election in Seattle, Washington (2021)

General election

General election for Mayor of Seattle

Bruce Harrell defeated M. Lorena Gonzalez in the general election for Mayor of Seattle on November 2, 2021.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Bruce Harrell
Bruce Harrell (Nonpartisan)
 
58.6
 
155,294
Image of M. Lorena Gonzalez
M. Lorena Gonzalez (Nonpartisan)
 
41.2
 
109,132
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.3
 
777

Total votes: 265,203
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

Nonpartisan primary for Mayor of Seattle

The following candidates ran in the primary for Mayor of Seattle on August 3, 2021.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Bruce Harrell
Bruce Harrell (Nonpartisan)
 
34.0
 
69,612
Image of M. Lorena Gonzalez
M. Lorena Gonzalez (Nonpartisan)
 
32.1
 
65,750
Image of Colleen Echohawk
Colleen Echohawk (Nonpartisan)
 
10.3
 
21,042
Image of Jessyn Farrell
Jessyn Farrell (Nonpartisan)
 
7.3
 
14,931
Arthur Langlie (Nonpartisan)
 
5.6
 
11,372
Image of Casey Sixkiller
Casey Sixkiller (Nonpartisan)
 
3.4
 
6,918
Image of Andrew Grant Houston
Andrew Grant Houston (Nonpartisan)
 
2.7
 
5,485
James Donaldson (Nonpartisan)
 
1.6
 
3,219
Lance Randall (Nonpartisan)
 
1.4
 
2,804
Image of Clinton Bliss
Clinton Bliss (Nonpartisan) Candidate Connection
 
0.8
 
1,618
Omari Tahir-Garrett (Nonpartisan)
 
0.2
 
391
Bobby Tucker (Nonpartisan)
 
0.2
 
377
Image of Henry Dennison
Henry Dennison (Nonpartisan)
 
0.2
 
347
Image of Stan Lippmann
Stan Lippmann (Nonpartisan)
 
0.2
 
323
Image of Don Rivers
Don Rivers (Nonpartisan)
 
0.1
 
189
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.2
 
386

Total votes: 204,764
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

2017

See also: Mayoral election in Seattle, Washington (2017)

Seattle held general elections for mayor, city attorney, and two at-large seats on the city council on November 7, 2017. A primary election took place on August 1, 2017. The top two vote recipients after the final count of the primary vote advanced to the general election. The filing deadline for this election was May 19, 2017. Jenny Durkan defeated Cary Moon in the general election for mayor of Seattle.[20]

Mayor of Seattle, General Election, 2017
Candidate Vote % Votes
Green check mark transparent.png Jenny Durkan 56.53% 118,803
Cary Moon 43.47% 91,345
Total Votes 210,148
Source: King County, "November 7, 2017 General Election," accessed November 28, 2017


The following candidates ran in the primary election for mayor of Seattle.[20]

Mayor of Seattle, Primary Election, 2017
Candidate Vote % Votes
Green check mark transparent.png Jenny Durkan 27.90% 51,529
Green check mark transparent.png Cary Moon 17.62% 32,536
Nikkita Oliver 16.99% 31,366
Jessyn Farrell 12.54% 23,160
Bob Hasegawa 8.39% 15,500
Mike McGinn 6.50% 12,001
Gary Brose 2.16% 3,987
Harley Lever 1.81% 3,340
Larry Oberto 1.67% 3,089
Greg Hamilton 0.92% 1,706
Michael Harris 0.76% 1,401
Casey Carlisle 0.71% 1,309
James Norton Jr. 0.54% 988
Thom Gunn 0.25% 455
Mary Martin 0.23% 422
Jason Roberts 0.22% 405
Lewis Jones 0.19% 344
Alex Tsimerman 0.14% 253
Keith Whiteman 0.09% 174
Tiniell Cato 0.09% 170
Dave Kane 0.06% 114
Write-in votes 0.23% 418
Total Votes 184,667
Source: King County, "2017 election results," accessed August 15, 2017

2013

Mayor of Seattle, 2013
Candidate Vote % Votes
Green check mark transparent.pngEd Murray 52.1% 106,384
Mike McGinn Incumbent 47.9% 97,935
Total Votes 204,319
Source: Seattle, Washington, "Historical Election Results," accessed June 21, 2017


Mayoral partisanship

Seattle has a Democratic mayor. As of September 2025, 66 mayors in the largest 100 cities by population are affiliated with the Democratic Party, 23 are affiliated with the Republican Party, one is affiliated with the Libertarian Party, three are independents, five identify as nonpartisan or unaffiliated, and two mayors' affiliations are unknown. Click here for a list of the 100 largest cities' mayors and their partisan affiliations.

Mayoral elections are officially nonpartisan in most of the nation's largest cities. However, many officeholders are affiliated with political parties. Ballotpedia uses one or more of the following sources to identify each officeholder's partisan affiliation: (1) direct communication from the officeholder, (2) current or previous candidacy for partisan office, or (3) identification of partisan affiliation by multiple media outlets.

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Take our candidate survey

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Submit endorsements

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Endorsements can be particularly helpful for voters trying to decide between candidates in local races, which often feature nonpartisan candidates. Endorsements from individuals and organizations can help voters better understand policy differences between candidates in these cases where little or no other news coverage of policy stances exists.

Candidates, share endorsements here. Readers, share endorsements you know about here.

2025 battleground elections

See also: Battlegrounds

This is a battleground election. Other 2025 battleground elections include:

See also

Seattle, Washington Washington Municipal government Other local coverage
Official Seal of Seattle.jpg
Seal of Washington.png
Municipal Government Final.png
Local Politics Image.jpg

External links

Footnotes

  1. 1.0 1.1 Axios Washington, "Meet the 7 people challenging Bruce Harrell for mayor," May 13, 2025
  2. Washington State Public Disclosure Commission, "2025 Seattle mayoral candidates," accessed July 2, 2025
  3. 46th District Democrats, "2025 Candidate Questionnaires, Forum, & Endorsement Meeting," accessed July 2, 2025
  4. The Urbanist, "Katie Wilson Jumps In Seattle Mayor Race as Progressive Coalition-Builder," March 12, 2025
  5. Katie Wilson 2025 campaign website, "Home," accessed June 18, 2025
  6. Katie Wilson 2025 campaign website, "Platform," accessed June 18, 2025
  7. Katie Wilson 2025 campaign website, "Endorsements," accessed July 2, 2025
  8. Bruce Harrell 2025 campaign website, "Home," accessed June 12, 2025
  9. Bruce Harrell 2025 campaign website, "Endorsements," accessed July 2, 2025
  10. Cascade PBS, "Seattle Mayor Bruce Harrell to face 7 opponents in reelection bid," May 14, 2025
  11. Ry Armstrong 2025 campaign website, "Meet Ry," accessed June 12, 2025
  12. Ry Armstrong 2025 campaign website, "Priorities," accessed June 12, 2025
  13. Ry Armstrong 2025 campaign website, "Endorsements," accessed July 2, 2025
  14. Seattle Ethics & Elections Commission, "2009 Election Report," January 21, 2010
  15. Joe Mallahan 2025 campaign website, "About," accessed June 17, 2025
  16. Joe Mallahan 2025 campaign website, "Home," accessed June 17, 2025
  17. OpenSecrets.org, "Outside Spending," accessed December 12, 2021
  18. OpenSecrets.org, "Total Outside Spending by Election Cycle, All Groups," accessed December 12, 2021
  19. National Review.com, "Why the Media Hate Super PACs," December 12, 2021
  20. 20.0 20.1 King County, Washington, "Who has filed: 2017 candidate filing," accessed May 19, 2017