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Michigan 2018 ballot measures

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2018 Michigan
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On November 6, 2018, three statewide ballot measures appeared on the ballot in the state of Michigan. Voters approved all three of the ballot measures.

HIGHLIGHTS
  • Voters approved Proposal 1, making Michigan the first state in the Midwest to legalize recreational marijuana.
  • Proposal 2 was approved, transferring the power to draw the state's congressional and legislative districts from the state legislature to an independent redistricting commission.
  • Voters approved Proposal 3, which added eight voting policies to the Michigan Constitution, including straight-ticket voting, automatic voter registration, same-day voter registration, and no-excuse absentee voting.

    • On the ballot

    Type Title Subject Description Result
    IndISS Proposal 1 Marijuana Legalizes marijuana for recreational use
    Approveda
    CICA Proposal 2 Redistricting Creates an independent citizens redistricting commission
    Approveda
    CICA Proposal 3 Elections Creates state constitutional rights to certain voting policies
    Approveda

    Approved by state legislature

    Type Title Subject Description
    IndISS Repeal Prevailing Wages and Fringe Benefits on State Projects Initiative Labor Repeals law requiring prevailing wages and fringe benefits for workers on state projects
    IndISS Minimum Wage Increase Initiative Min Wage Increases minimum wage to $12 an hour
    IndISS Paid Sick Leave Initiative Labor Requires employers to provide employees with paid sick leave

    Summary of campaign contributions

    See also: Ballot measure campaign finance, 2018

    The following chart illustrates how much support and opposition committees had amassed in campaign contributions for each measure on the ballot:


    Ballot Measure:Support contributions:Opposition contributions:Outcome:
    Michigan Proposal 1$$Approveda
    Michigan Proposal 3$$Approveda
    Michigan Proposal 2$$Approveda
    Michigan $1,553,820.57$782,027.62


    Cost per required signature

    See also: Ballot measure signature costs, 2018

    The cost-per-required signature (CPRS) is a comparison of the amount of money spent on the petition drive to the number of signatures the state requires for an initiative to make the ballot. The following chart illustrates the CPRS for ballot initiatives:

    Ballot Measure:Topic:Petition companyCostSignaturesCPRS
    Michigan Proposal 1MarijuanaNational Petition Management$783,535.66252,523$3.10
    Michigan Proposal 3Voting policy measuresFieldWorks, LLC$2,258,871.43315,654$7.16
    Michigan Proposal 2Redistricting measures$0.00315,654$0.00
    Michigan Labor and unionsNational Petition Management$1,283,724.99252,523$5.08
    Averages:N/AN/A$1,014,135.70N/A$3.42

    Getting measures on the ballot

    Michigan allowed citizen initiatives in the form of indirect initiated state statutes, initiated constitutional amendments and veto referendums. Michigan petition signature requirements are determined by calculating a percentage of the votes cast in the state's last gubernatorial election. Veto referendums must collect enough signatures to equal five percent of the votes cast, statutes must collect signatures equal to eight percent and initiated amendments must collect signatures equal to 10 percent. In 2018, initiative supporters have to gather 157,827 signatures for veto referendums, 252,523 signatures for statutes and 315,654 signatures for amendments within 180 days of the petition filing date in order to qualify for the ballot.

    The Michigan Legislature has the power to place constitutional amendments on the ballot when both houses of the legislature approve the amendment by a two-thirds majority vote. Once on the ballot, the amendment must be approved by a simple majority of the electors. The Michigan Legislature is a full-time legislature and therefore does not have specific session dates.

    Historical facts

    See also: History of Initiative & Referendum in Michigan and List of Michigan ballot measures
    • Between 1996 and 2015, 38 measures have appeared on the ballot in Michigan.
    • Since 1996, on average, about four measures have appeared on the ballot in even numbered years, while 2015 is the only odd-numbered year election since then, with one measure.
    • Between 1996 and 2015, 18 of 38 measures, or 47 percent, were approved, while 20 of 38 measures, or 53 percent, were defeated.

    Not on the ballot

    Type Title Subject Description Result
    CICA Legislator Compensation and Legislative Session Length Initiative Legislature 90-day legislative sessions and legislator salaries the same as public teachers Proposed ballot measures that were not on a ballot
    CICA Retroactive Marijuana Legalization Initiative Marijuana Legalize marijuana retroactively Proposed ballot measures that were not on a ballot
    IndISS Prevailing Wages and Fringe Benefits on State Projects Initiative Labor Require prevailing wages and fringe benefits for workers on state projects Proposed ballot measures that were not on a ballot
    IndISS Renewable Energy Standards Initiative Energy 30 percent of energy from renewables by 2030 Proposed ballot measures that were not on a ballot
    IndISS Terminate Straits of Mackinac Pipeline Easement Initiative Environment Terminate the Straits of Mackinac Pipeline Easement Proposed ballot measures that were not on a ballot
    IndISS Paid Sick Leave Initiative (Raise Michigan) Labor Paid sick leave Proposed ballot measures that were not on a ballot
    IndISS Fracking Ban Initiative Fracking Fracking ban Proposed ballot measures that were not on a ballot
    LRCA Search Warrant for Electronic Data Amendment Law Enforcement Search warrant to access electronic data Proposed ballot measures that were not on a ballot

    State profile

    Demographic data for Michigan
     MichiganU.S.
    Total population:9,917,715316,515,021
    Land area (sq mi):56,5393,531,905
    Race and ethnicity**
    White:79%73.6%
    Black/African American:14%12.6%
    Asian:2.7%5.1%
    Native American:0.5%0.8%
    Pacific Islander:0%0.2%
    Two or more:2.6%3%
    Hispanic/Latino:4.7%17.1%
    Education
    High school graduation rate:89.6%86.7%
    College graduation rate:26.9%29.8%
    Income
    Median household income:$49,576$53,889
    Persons below poverty level:20%11.3%
    Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015)
    Click here for more information on the 2020 census and here for more on its impact on the redistricting process in Michigan.
    **Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.

    Presidential voting pattern

    See also: Presidential voting trends in Michigan

    Michigan voted for the Democratic candidate in four out of the seven presidential elections between 2000 and 2024.

    Pivot Counties (2016)

    Ballotpedia identified 206 counties that voted for Donald Trump (R) in 2016 after voting for Barack Obama (D) in 2008 and 2012. Collectively, Trump won these Pivot Counties by more than 580,000 votes. Of these 206 counties, 12 are located in Michigan, accounting for 5.83 percent of the total pivot counties.[1]

    Pivot Counties (2020)

    In 2020, Ballotpedia re-examined the 206 Pivot Counties to view their voting patterns following that year's presidential election. Ballotpedia defined those won by Trump won as Retained Pivot Counties and those won by Joe Biden (D) as Boomerang Pivot Counties. Nationwide, there were 181 Retained Pivot Counties and 25 Boomerang Pivot Counties. Michigan had 11 Retained Pivot Counties and one Boomerang Pivot County, accounting for 6.08 and 4.00 of all Retained and Boomerang Pivot Counties, respectively.

    More Michigan coverage on Ballotpedia

    See also

    Michigan

    1. ↑ The raw data for this study was provided by Dave Leip of Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
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