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Wisconsin Supreme Court elections, 2026

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Maria S. Lazar and Chris Taylor are running in the general election for Wisconsin Supreme Court on April 7, 2026. Incumbent Rebecca Bradley is not running for re-election.[1][2]

Wisconsin’s Supreme Court elections are officially nonpartisan, but candidates often take stances on specific issues and receive backing from the state's political parties. Lazar's campaign website says she is not a member of a political party. Media outlets have identified her as a conservative, and she worked in the state's attorney general's office under J.B. Van Hollen (R).[3][4] Taylor is a former Democratic member of the Wisconsin Assembly.

According to the Associated Press' Scott Bauer, "The winner is elected to a 10-year term on the state’s highest court, with several hot-button issues pending including challenges to congressional district maps and the future of a state law that effectively ended collective bargaining for most public workers. The next justice will be on the court in the lead-up to the November midterm election where Wisconsin voters will elect a new governor and decide who controls the state Legislature."[5]

Lazar is a judge for District II of the Wisconsin Court of Appeals. She was a judge on the Waukesha County Circuit Court from 2015 to 2021 and an assistant attorney general for the Wisconsin Department of Justice from 2010 to 2015. Before that, she worked in private practice.[6]

On her campaign website, Lazar describes her judicial philosophy: "First, our written laws are a fundamental pillar in our democracy, and a judge must be independent of agendas, parties, and bias. Next, the law is to be a level playing field: no person is above or beneath the law."[7]

Taylor is a judge for District IV of the Wisconsin Court of Appeals. She was a judge on the Dane County Circuit Court from 2020 to 2023 and a Democratic state legislator from 2011 to 2020. She also previously worked as the public policy director for Planned Parenthood of Wisconsin.[8]

Taylor's campaign website said, "Her judicial philosophy is people-centered, grounded in making sure individuals get a fair chance in our courts, and that their Constitutional rights are protected. ... She is a strong advocate for maintaining the independence of the judiciary, which must also serve as a check on the other branches of government."[9]

Liberals are expected to have a majority on the court until at least 2028.[10] Bradley is a member of the court's conservative minority. If Lazar wins, the court would maintain its 4-3 liberal majority. If Taylor wins, the liberal majority would increase from 4-3 to 5-2.

Liberals first won a 4-3 majority in the April 2023 election, when Protasiewicz won an open seat, defeating Daniel Kelly 55.4% to 44.4% and shifting ideological control of the Court for the first time in 15 years. In April 2025, liberals retained their 4-3 majority, when Susan Crawford defeated Brad Schimel 55.0% to 44.9%. The last time a conservative won an election for Wisconsin Supreme Court was in 2019, when Brian Hagedorn defeated Lisa Neubauer 50.2% to 49.7%.

Campaign finance reports covering the second half of 2025 show that Taylor raised $2 million, and Lazar raised $198,000 by Dec. 31.[11][12] The 2023 and 2025 races broke records as the most expensive judicial races in U.S. history. According to WisPolitics, the candidates and satellite groups spent more than $100 million in the 2025 election and more than $56 million in the 2023 election.[13][14]

The 2025 election also had record voter turnout for a Wisconsin spring election in a non-presidential election year at 50%. The previous record was in 2023, when turnout was 39.7%. Turnout in Wisconsin’s November 2024 general election was 73% and turnout in November 2022 was 57.2%.[15]

Wisconsin is also holding elections for three intermediate appellate court judges in April 2026. In November 2026, the state will hold elections for U.S. House and governor, as well as various other state executive and state legislative offices.

On this page, you will find:

Recent updates

This section includes a timeline of events leading up to the election, such as debates, polls, and noteworthy endorsements. Know of something we missed? Let us know.

  • January 15, 2026

    In their mid-January campaign finance reports filed with the Wisconsin Ethics Commission, which cover activity between July 1, 2025, and December 31, 2025, Taylor reported raising $2 million, and Lazar reported raising $198,000.[16][17]

  • January 6, 2026

    The filing deadline passed and the primary was cancelled.

Candidates and results

Rebecca Bradley's seat

General election
General election for Wisconsin Supreme Court

Maria S. Lazar and Chris Taylor are running in the general election for Wisconsin Supreme Court on April 7, 2026.

Candidate
Image of Maria S. Lazar
Maria S. Lazar (Nonpartisan)
Image of Chris Taylor
Chris Taylor (Nonpartisan)

Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

The primary election was canceled. Maria S. Lazar and Chris Taylor advanced from the primary for Wisconsin Supreme Court.

Voting information

See also: Voting in Wisconsin

Election information in Wisconsin: Aug. 11, 2026, election.

What is the voter registration deadline?

  • In-person: Aug. 11, 2026
  • By mail: Postmarked by July 22, 2026
  • Online: July 22, 2026

Is absentee/mail-in voting available to all voters?

N/A

What is the absentee/mail-in ballot request deadline?

  • In-person: Aug. 9, 2026
  • By mail: Received by Aug. 6, 2026
  • Online: Aug. 6, 2026

What is the absentee/mail-in ballot return deadline?

  • In-person: Aug. 11, 2026
  • By mail: Received by Aug. 11, 2026

Is early voting available to all voters?

Yes

What are the early voting start and end dates?

July 28, 2026 to Aug. 9, 2026

Are all voters required to present ID at the polls? If so, is a photo or non-photo ID required?

N/A

When are polls open on Election Day?

7:00 a.m. - 8:00 p.m. (CT)


About the Wisconsin Supreme Court

See also: Wisconsin Supreme Court

The Wisconsin Supreme Court is the highest appellate court in the state of Wisconsin. Seven justices, selected in nonpartisan elections for 10-year terms, sit on the state's court of last resort. The court has jurisdiction over all other Wisconsin courts and can also hear original actions.[18]

Political composition

This is the political composition of the court heading into the 2026 election.

Susan Crawford Elected in 2025
Rebecca Bradley Appointed by Gov. Scott Walker (R) in 2015
Rebecca Dallet Elected in 2018
Brian Hagedorn Elected in 2019
Jill Karofsky Elected in 2020
Janet Claire Protasiewicz Elected in 2023
Annette Ziegler Elected in 2007


Selection

The seven justices of the Wisconsin Supreme Court are elected in statewide nonpartisan elections. Judges serve ten-year terms, and to remain on the court, they must run for re-election after their term expires. Only one seat may be elected in any year, and more than two candidates for each seat must file to have a primary.[19][20]

Qualifications

To serve on the supreme court, a judge must be:

  • licensed to practice law in Wisconsin for a minimum of five years immediately prior to election or appointment
  • under the age of 70.[21]

Chief justice

The chief justice of the court is selected by peer vote for a term of two years.

Vacancies

See also: How vacancies are filled in state supreme courts

In the event of a vacancy on the court, the governor has the power and duty to appoint an individual to the vacancy. The governor screens judicial applicants using an advisory council on judicial selection. The council recommends three to five candidates to the governor, although the governor is not bound by their recommendations. The appointed justice must then stand for election in the first subsequent year in which no other justice's term expires.[20][19][22]

The map below highlights how vacancies are filled in state supreme courts across the country.



Candidate profiles

This section includes candidate profiles that may be created in one of two ways: either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey, or Ballotpedia staff may compile a profile based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements after identifying the candidate as noteworthy. For more on how we select candidates to include, click here.

Image of Maria S. Lazar

WebsiteFacebookXYouTube

Incumbent: No

Political Office: 

Biography:  Lazar earned a B.A. in history from Mount Mary University in 1986 and a J.D. from Georgetown University Law Center in 1989. She worked in private practice from 1989 to 2010 and was an assistant attorney general for the Wisconsin Department of Justice from 2010 to 2015.



Key Messages

The following key messages were curated by Ballotpedia staff. For more on how we identify key messages, click here.


Lazar said she was running to "stop the destruction of our courts" and that "judicial ethics have been thrown out the window and candidates have openly campaigned on how they would rule in future cases." She also said, "As I campaign, I will tell you how I’ve ruled on important issues, how I make my decisions, and promise to never be swayed by political considerations."


Lazar's campaign website said, "A judge must remember that there are three separate branches of government, and she should be cognizant of the judiciary’s role. ... It is the judiciary’s role to say what the law 'is' not what we believe it should be."


Lazar's campaign website said she adhered to the following judicial principles: "First, our written laws are a fundamental pillar in our democracy, and a judge must be independent of agendas, parties, and bias. Next, the law is to be a level playing field: no person is above or beneath the law."


Show sources

Image of Chris Taylor

WebsiteFacebookX

Incumbent: No

Political Office: 

Biography:  Taylor earned a B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1990 and a J.D. from the University of Wisconsin Law School in 1995. Her career experience included working as the public policy director at Planned Parenthood of Wisconsin from 2011 to 2020. Previously, she worked at the firms Associate, Adelman, Adelman & Hynes; Associate, Relles, Meeker & Borns; and Associate, Balisle & Roberson.



Key Messages

The following key messages were curated by Ballotpedia staff. For more on how we identify key messages, click here.


Taylor's campaign website said, "Her judicial philosophy is people-centered, grounded in making sure individuals get a fair chance in our courts, and that their Constitutional rights are protected."


On judicial independence, Taylor's campaign website said, "She is a strong advocate for maintaining the independence of the judiciary, which must also serve as a check on the other branches of government."


Taylor's campaign website highlighted her time in the state Assembly and at Planned Parenthood, saying she "used her legal training to protect and enhance people’s rights, strengthen our democracy, and ensure access to affordable health care and fair wages" and advocated "for each individual to make their own personal, private health care decisions."


Show sources

Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses

Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.

No candidate in this race completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey.


Campaign ads

Maria Lazar


View more ads here:


Chris Taylor


Ballotpedia did not come across any campaign ads for Chris Taylor while conducting research on this election. If you are aware of any ads that should be included, please email us.


Debates and forums

If you are aware of any debates, candidate forums, or other similar events where multiple candidates in this race participated, please email us.

Polls

See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls

We provide results for polls that are included in polling aggregation from RealClearPolitics, when available. We will regularly check for polling aggregation for this race and add polls here once available. To notify us of polls available for this race, please email us.


Noteworthy endorsements

Click the links below to see endorsement lists published on candidate campaign websites, if available. If you are aware of a website that should be included, please email us.

Campaign finance

Candidate spending

Satellite spending

See also: Satellite spending

Satellite spending describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.[23][24]

If available, satellite spending reports by the Federal Election Commission (FEC) and OpenSecrets.org are linked below. FEC links include totals from monthly, quarterly, and semi-annual reports. OpenSecrets.org compiles data from those reports as well as 24- and 48-hour reports from the FEC.[25]

Details about satellite spending of significant amounts and/or reported by media are included below those links. The amounts listed may not represent the total satellite spending in the election. To notify us of additional satellite spending, email us.

Election history

Conservatives gained a 4-3 majority on the court in 2008 following the election of Michael Gableman. Conservatives held an expanded 5-2 majority from 2016-2018 and again from 2019-2020. Liberals gained a majority on the court in 2023 following the election of Janet Claire Protasiewicz.

The chart below details Wisconsin Supreme Court elections between 2005 and 2023.

Wisconsin Supreme Court elections, 2005-2025
YearWinning candidateIdeological leanPercent share of voteLosing candidateIdeological leanPercent share of voteMargin of victoryMajority on courtTurnoutOther statewide elections on ballot
2025Susan CrawfordLiberal55.0%Brad SchimelConservative44.9%10.1%4-350.1%State Superintendent of Public Instruction
2023Janet Claire ProtasiewiczLiberal55.4%Daniel KellyConservative44.4%11.0%4-339.3%None
2020Jill KarofskyLiberal55.2%Daniel KellyConservative44.7%10.5%4-345.8%Primary election - U.S. President
2019Brian HagedornConservative50.2%Lisa NeubauerLiberal49.7%0.5%5-226.6%None
2018Rebecca DalletLiberal55.8%Michael ScrenockConservative44.2%11.5%4-322.2%None
2017Annette Ziegler
(incumbent)
Conservative97.2%Write-in--2.8%94.4%5-2~16%State Superintendent of Public Instruction
2016Rebecca Bradley
(incumbent)
Conservative52.4%JoAnne KloppenburgLiberal47.5%4.9%5-247.4%Primary election - U.S. President
2015Ann Walsh Bradley
(incumbent)
Liberal58.1%James DaleyConservative41.9%16.2%4-318.3%None
2013Patience Roggensack
(incumbent)
Conservative57.5%Ed FalloneLiberal42.5%15%4-320.5%State Superintendent of Public Instruction
2011David T. Prosser
(incumbent)
Conservative50.2%JoAnne KloppenburgLiberal49.7%0.5%4-334.3%None
2009Shirley Abrahamson
(incumbent)
Liberal59.6%Randy KoschnickConservative40.2%19.4%4-318.2%None
2008Michael GablemanConservative51.1%Louis Butler
(incumbent)
Liberal48.5%2.6%4-319.3%None
2007Annette ZieglerConservative58.6%Linda M. CliffordLiberal41.1%17.5%4-319.4%None
2006N. Patrick Crooks
(incumbent)
Liberal99.4%Write-in--0.6%98.8%4-311.8%None
2005Ann Walsh Bradley
(incumbent)
Liberal99.6%Write-in--0.4%99.2%4-317.1%State Superintendent of Public Instruction

Historical election spending

[89][90]

2026 battleground elections

See also: Battlegrounds

This is a battleground election. Other 2026 battleground elections include:

See also

Wisconsin Judicial Selection More Courts
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Courts in Wisconsin
Wisconsin Court of Appeals
Wisconsin Supreme Court
Wisconsin Supreme Court elections, 2025
Elections: 2026202520242023202220212020201920182017
Gubernatorial appointments
Judicial selection in Wisconsin
Federal courts
State courts
Local courts

External links

Footnotes

  1. X, "Matt Smith," August 29, 2025
  2. Wisconsin Public Radio, "Justice Rebecca Bradley will not seek reelection, setting up wide open Wisconsin Supreme Court race," August 29, 2025
  3. Associated Press, "Conservative Wisconsin appeals court judge Maria Lazar is running for state Supreme Court," October 1, 2025
  4. WISN ,"Conservative Judge Maria Lazar announces 2026 campaign for Wisconsin Supreme Court," October 1, 2025
  5. Associated Press, "Liberal Wisconsin Supreme Court candidate raises 10 times more than conservative," January 15, 2026
  6. Wisconsin Court System, "Judge Maria S. Lazar," accessed January 21, 2026
  7. Maria Lazar 2026 campaign website, "Judicial Philosophy," accessed January 21, 2026
  8. LinkedIn, "Chris Taylor," accessed January 21, 2026
  9. Chris Taylor 2026 campaign website, "Meet Chris, accessed January 21, 2026
  10. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ap
  11. Wisconsin Ethics Commission, "Chris Taylor 2026 January Continuing report," January 15, 2026
  12. Wisconsin Ethics Commission, "Maria Lazar 2026 January Continuing report," January 14, 2026
  13. WisPolitics, "FRI REPORT: WisPolitics tally: Supreme Court race spending tops $100M, nearly doubling previous record," March 28, 2025
  14. 14.0 14.1 WisPolitics, "WisPolitics tally shows record $59 million dropped on Supreme Court race so far," March 12, 2025
  15. Wisconsin Elections Commission, "Voter Turnout," accessed September 5, 2025
  16. Wisconsin Ethics Commission, "Chris Taylor 2026 January Continuing report," January 15, 2026
  17. Wisconsin Ethics Commission, "Maria Lazar 2026 January Continuing report," January 14, 2026
  18. Wisconsin Court System, "Supreme Court," accessed September 18, 2014
  19. 19.0 19.1 National Center for State Courts, "Methods of Judicial Selection," accessed August 12, 2021
  20. 20.0 20.1 Wisconsin State Legislature, "Wisconsin Constitution," accessed September 19, 2014 (Article VII, Section 4: pg.10) Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "section4" defined multiple times with different content
  21. Wisconsin State Legislature, "Wisconsin Constitution," accessed September 19, 2014 (Article VII, Section 24: pg.11)
  22. Wisconsin State Legislature, "8.50 - Special elections," accessed April 19, 2023
  23. OpenSecrets.org, "Outside Spending," accessed December 12, 2021
  24. OpenSecrets.org, "Total Outside Spending by Election Cycle, All Groups," accessed December 12, 2021
  25. Amee LaTour, Email correspondence with the Center for Responsive Politics, August 5, 2022
  26. New York Times, "Wisconsin Spring Election Results," accessed April 1, 2025
  27. Decision Desk HQ, "2025 Wisconsin General," accessed April 1, 2025
  28. Wisconsin Public Radio, "Crawford, Schimel set to square off in another high-profile Wisconsin Supreme Court race," January 8, 2025
  29. CBS News, "Susan Crawford, who represented Planned Parenthood, enters Wisconsin Supreme Court race," June 10, 2024
  30. WKOW-TV, "Dane County Circuit Judge Susan Crawford announces campaign for Wisconsin Supreme Court," June 10, 2024
  31. Wisconsin Public Radio, "Dane County Judge Susan Crawford running for Wisconsin Supreme Court," June 10, 2024
  32. Associated Press, "Liberal Judge Susan Crawford enters race for Wisconsin Supreme Court with majority at stake," June 10, 2024
  33. Wisconsin Public Radio, "All 4 liberal justices back Crawford’s Wisconsin Supreme Court campaign," June 17, 2024
  34. Wisconsin Watch, "Another pivotal Wisconsin Supreme Court election offers two familiar outcomes," January 6, 2025
  35. Dryden Wire, "Brad Schimel Announces Campaign For Wisconsin Supreme Court," November 30, 2023
  36. Brad Schimel 2025 campaign website, "About Brad," accessed January 7, 2025
  37. Dryden Wire, "Brad Schimel Announces Campaign For Wisconsin Supreme Court," November 30, 2023
  38. Brad Schimel 2025 campaign website, "Endorsements," accessed March 11, 2025
  39. Associated Press, "Trump backs Wisconsin Supreme Court candidate in hotly contested race," March 21, 2025
  40. WisPolitics, "FRI REPORT: WisPolitics tally: Supreme Court race spending tops $100M, nearly doubling previous record," March 28, 2025
  41. Associated Press, "Billionaires Musk and Soros push Wisconsin Supreme Court race spending over $100M," April 4, 2025
  42. New York Times, "Rallying Anti-Musk Donors, Liberal Judge Raises $24 Million in Key Court Contest," March 24, 2025
  43. Washington Post, "Expensive court race will decide future of abortion in Wisconsin," April 2, 2023
  44. Associated Press, "Ad wars begin in closely watched Wisconsin Supreme Court race," January 13, 2025
  45. The Hill, "Wisconsin tees up high-stakes Supreme Court race with partisan control on the line," November 24, 2024
  46. Democracy Docket, "What To Watch for in Pivotal Wisconsin Supreme Court Race," June 17, 2024
  47. In heated Wisconsin Supreme Court debate, candidates tangle over 'fake elector' scheme, "NBC," March 21, 2023
  48. Wisconsin Public Radio, "Milwaukee County Judge Janet Protasiewicz announces candidacy for state Supreme Court," May 25, 2022
  49. The Hill, "Five races to watch in 2023," December 7, 2022
  50. Wisconsin State Journal, "Here's why the Wisconsin Supreme Court race matters," November 26, 2022
  51. Spectrum News 1, "The campaigns aren't over yet, as the focus shifts to a high-stakes Supreme Court race in Wisconsin," November 14, 2022
  52. 52.0 52.1 Wisconsin Public Radio, "Wisconsin's next partisan battle will be over the balance of power on its Supreme Court," December 1, 2022
  53. The Cap Times, "Devin LeMahieu endorses Jennifer Dorow in Wisconsin Supreme Court race," January 5, 2023
  54. Wisconsin Examiner, "Attempting to shift balance, Janet Protasiewicz says she’ll bring fairness to state Supreme Court," December 12, 2022
  55. Spectrum News 1, "Wisconsin's race for state Supreme Court heats up as the field of candidates grows," November 30, 2022
  56. WISN Channel 12, "Wisconsin Supreme Court race," January 1, 2023
  57. PBS Wisconsin, "Meet the candidates running in the 2023 Wisconsin Supreme Court primary," January 4, 2023
  58. Spectrum News, "I think the public should know what our values are: Judge Janet Protasiewicz explains her bid for Supreme Court," February 14, 2023
  59. AP: Daniel Kelly and Judge Janet Protasiewicz advance to April's Wisconsin Supreme Court race," February 22, 2023
  60. WisPolitics, "Kelly campaign: Daniel Kelly launches his campaign to serve on the Wisconsin Supreme Court," September 8, 2022
  61. 61.0 61.1 NBC News, "In heated Wisconsin Supreme Court debate, candidates tangle over 'fake elector' scheme," March 21, 2023
  62. WisPolitics, "Kelly, Protasiewicz trade barbs in only Supreme Court debate," March 21, 2023
  63. WisPolitics, "Protasiewicz campaign: Judge Janet Protasiewicz announces endorsement of Justice Rebecca Dallet," May 31, 2022
  64. WisPolitics, "Justice Ann Walsh Bradley: Endorses Judge Janet Protasiewicz for Wisconsin Supreme Court," February 7, 2023
  65. WisPolitics, "Justice Karofsky: Endorses Judge Protasiewicz for Wisconsin Supreme Court," February 22, 2023
  66. Emily's List, "EMILYs List Endorses Janet Protasiewicz for Wisconsin Supreme Court," February 9, 2023
  67. WisPolitics, "Kelly campaign: Judicial conservatives Justice Rebecca Bradley & Judge Shelley Grogan endorse Daniel Kelly," November 14, 2022
  68. PBS Wisconsin, "Kelly's work for anti-abortion group raised in 2023 Wisconsin Supreme Court race," Associated Press, 2023
  69. WisPolitics, "WisPolitics tally shows record $59 million dropped on Supreme Court race so far," March 12, 2025
  70. WisPolitics, "WisPolitics review: Spending in Supreme Court race surpasses $45 million," March 24, 2023
  71. 71.0 71.1 NBC, "Cash bail could play a big role in a crucial Wisconsin election," February 28, 2023
  72. The New York Times, "Live: Wisconsin Supreme Court and Statewide Election Results," accessed April 13, 2020
  73. WKOW, "Gov. Walker appoints Daniel Kelly to Wisconsin Supreme Court," accessed July 24, 2016
  74. 74.0 74.1 74.2 Wisconsin Public Radio, "Wisconsin Supreme Court Candidates Debate Role Of Politics, Precedent," November 19, 2019
  75. WUWM, "Judge Jill Karofsky Wants To End 'Corruption' If Elected To Wisconsin Supreme Court," January 2, 2020
  76. Daniel Kelly's 2020 campaign website, "Judicial Philosophy," accessed January 23, 2020
  77. Wisconsin Vote, "Election Results," accessed February 18, 2020
  78. Wisconsin Elections Commission, "Candidate Tracking by Office, 2017 Spring Election - 4/4/2017," accessed January 5, 2017
  79. WEAU.com, "Walker appoints Appeals Judge Bradley to WI High Court," October 9, 2015
  80. Wisconsin State Journal, "Scott Walker appoints Rebecca Bradley to Supreme Court," October 10, 2015
  81. AP, "Wisconsin Summary Vote Results," accessed April 6, 2016
  82. Wisconsin Government Accountability Board, "Election Results," accessed April 6, 2016
  83. Wisconsin Government Accountability Board, "Candidates Registered 2015 Spring Election," January 8, 2015
  84. Wisconsin Election Commission, "2015 Spring Election Results," accessed September 19, 2019
  85. Fox 6 News, Ann Walsh Bradley elected to a third term on Wisconsin Supreme Court, defeating James Daley," April 7, 2015
  86. Wisconsin Court System, "Justice Ann Walsh Bradley," accessed February 13, 2015
  87. Wisconsin Court System, "Wisconsin Supreme Court selects chief judges," June 28, 2013
  88. Wisconsin Government Accountability Board, "Results of Spring General Election," April 7, 2009
  89. New York Times, "Rallying Anti-Musk Donors, Liberal Judge Raises $24 Million in Key Court Contest," March 24, 2025
  90. X, "Matt Smith," March 23, 2025