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Alabama's 2nd Congressional District

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Alabama's 2nd Congressional District
Incumbent
Assumed office: January 3, 2025

Alabama's 2nd Congressional District in the United States House of Representatives is represented by Shomari Figures (D).

As of the 2020 Census, Alabama representatives represented an average of 718,579 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 686,140 residents.

Elections

2024

See also: Alabama's 2nd Congressional District election, 2024

General election

General election for U.S. House Alabama District 2

Shomari Figures defeated Caroleene Dobson in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 2 on November 5, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Shomari Figures
Shomari Figures (D)
 
54.6
 
158,041
Image of Caroleene Dobson
Caroleene Dobson (R)
 
45.4
 
131,414
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.1
 
219

Total votes: 289,674
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary runoff election

Democratic primary runoff for U.S. House Alabama District 2

Shomari Figures defeated Anthony Daniels in the Democratic primary runoff for U.S. House Alabama District 2 on April 16, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Shomari Figures
Shomari Figures
 
61.1
 
21,962
Image of Anthony Daniels
Anthony Daniels
 
38.9
 
14,006

Total votes: 35,968
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary runoff election

Republican primary runoff for U.S. House Alabama District 2

Caroleene Dobson defeated Dick Brewbaker in the Republican primary runoff for U.S. House Alabama District 2 on April 16, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Caroleene Dobson
Caroleene Dobson
 
58.4
 
14,705
Image of Dick Brewbaker
Dick Brewbaker
 
41.6
 
10,471

Total votes: 25,176
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 2

The following candidates ran in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 2 on March 5, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Shomari Figures
Shomari Figures
 
43.4
 
24,980
Image of Anthony Daniels
Anthony Daniels
 
22.4
 
12,879
Image of Napoleon Bracy Jr.
Napoleon Bracy Jr.
 
15.7
 
9,010
Image of Merika Coleman
Merika Coleman
 
6.0
 
3,445
Image of Phyllis Harvey-Hall
Phyllis Harvey-Hall
 
3.5
 
2,007
Image of James Averhart
James Averhart Candidate Connection
 
2.8
 
1,623
Image of Jeremy Gray
Jeremy Gray
 
2.7
 
1,580
Image of Juandalynn Givan
Juandalynn Givan
 
2.2
 
1,261
Image of Vimal Patel
Vimal Patel
 
0.5
 
289
Larry Darnell Simpson
 
0.4
 
247
Image of Willie Lenard
Willie Lenard Candidate Connection
 
0.3
 
199

Total votes: 57,520
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 2

The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 2 on March 5, 2024.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Dick Brewbaker
Dick Brewbaker
 
39.6
 
22,589
Image of Caroleene Dobson
Caroleene Dobson
 
26.5
 
15,102
Image of Greg Albritton
Greg Albritton
 
25.3
 
14,434
Image of Hampton Harris
Hampton Harris Candidate Connection
 
2.5
 
1,414
Belinda Thomas
 
1.9
 
1,082
Image of Wallace Gilberry
Wallace Gilberry (Unofficially withdrew)
 
1.5
 
838
Image of Karla DuPriest
Karla DuPriest
 
1.4
 
823
Stacey Shepperson
 
1.4
 
773

Total votes: 57,055
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

2022

See also: Alabama's 2nd Congressional District election, 2022

General election

General election for U.S. House Alabama District 2

Incumbent Barry Moore defeated Phyllis Harvey-Hall and Jonathan Realz in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 2 on November 8, 2022.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Barry Moore
Barry Moore (R)
 
69.1
 
137,460
Image of Phyllis Harvey-Hall
Phyllis Harvey-Hall (D) Candidate Connection
 
29.2
 
58,014
Image of Jonathan Realz
Jonathan Realz (L) Candidate Connection
 
1.7
 
3,396
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.0
 
91

Total votes: 198,961
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 2

Phyllis Harvey-Hall defeated Vimal Patel in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 2 on May 24, 2022.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Phyllis Harvey-Hall
Phyllis Harvey-Hall Candidate Connection
 
68.8
 
16,884
Image of Vimal Patel
Vimal Patel Candidate Connection
 
31.2
 
7,667

Total votes: 24,551
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Incumbent Barry Moore advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 2.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

2020

See also: Alabama's 2nd Congressional District election, 2020

General election

General election for U.S. House Alabama District 2

Barry Moore defeated Phyllis Harvey-Hall and John Page in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 2 on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Barry Moore
Barry Moore (R)
 
65.2
 
197,996
Image of Phyllis Harvey-Hall
Phyllis Harvey-Hall (D)
 
34.7
 
105,286
Image of John Page
John Page (L) (Write-in)
 
0.0
 
0
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.1
 
287

Total votes: 303,569
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Republican primary runoff election

Republican primary runoff for U.S. House Alabama District 2

Barry Moore defeated Jeff Coleman in the Republican primary runoff for U.S. House Alabama District 2 on July 14, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Barry Moore
Barry Moore
 
60.4
 
52,248
Image of Jeff Coleman
Jeff Coleman Candidate Connection
 
39.6
 
34,185

Total votes: 86,433
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 2

Phyllis Harvey-Hall defeated Nathan Mathis in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 2 on March 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Phyllis Harvey-Hall
Phyllis Harvey-Hall
 
59.2
 
27,399
Image of Nathan Mathis
Nathan Mathis Candidate Connection
 
40.8
 
18,898

Total votes: 46,297
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 2

The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 2 on March 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Jeff Coleman
Jeff Coleman Candidate Connection
 
38.1
 
39,804
Image of Barry Moore
Barry Moore
 
20.5
 
21,392
Image of Jessica Taylor
Jessica Taylor Candidate Connection
 
19.9
 
20,789
Image of Troy King
Troy King
 
14.5
 
15,171
Image of Terri Hasdorff
Terri Hasdorff Candidate Connection
 
5.0
 
5,216
Thomas W. Brown Jr. Candidate Connection
 
1.3
 
1,395
Image of Robert Rogers
Robert Rogers
 
0.8
 
826

Total votes: 104,593
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

2018

See also: Alabama's 2nd Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House Alabama District 2

Incumbent Martha Roby defeated Tabitha Isner in the general election for U.S. House Alabama District 2 on November 6, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Martha Roby
Martha Roby (R)
 
61.4
 
138,879
Image of Tabitha Isner
Tabitha Isner (D)
 
38.4
 
86,931
 Other/Write-in votes
 
0.2
 
420

Total votes: 226,230
(100.00% precincts reporting)
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Republican primary runoff election

Republican primary runoff for U.S. House Alabama District 2

Incumbent Martha Roby defeated Bobby Bright in the Republican primary runoff for U.S. House Alabama District 2 on July 17, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Martha Roby
Martha Roby
 
68.0
 
48,277
Image of Bobby Bright
Bobby Bright
 
32.0
 
22,767

Total votes: 71,044
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 2

Tabitha Isner defeated Audri Scott Williams in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Alabama District 2 on June 5, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Tabitha Isner
Tabitha Isner
 
60.4
 
20,351
Image of Audri Scott Williams
Audri Scott Williams
 
39.6
 
13,315

Total votes: 33,666
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 2

Incumbent Martha Roby and Bobby Bright advanced to a runoff. They defeated Barry Moore, Rich Hobson, and Tommy Amason in the Republican primary for U.S. House Alabama District 2 on June 5, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
Image of Martha Roby
Martha Roby
 
39.0
 
36,708
Image of Bobby Bright
Bobby Bright
 
28.1
 
26,481
Image of Barry Moore
Barry Moore
 
19.3
 
18,177
Image of Rich Hobson
Rich Hobson
 
7.5
 
7,052
Image of Tommy Amason
Tommy Amason
 
6.1
 
5,763

Total votes: 94,181
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

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2016

See also: Alabama's 2nd Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Republican. Incumbent Martha Roby (R) defeated the only Democrat to file in the race, Nathan Mathis, in the general election. Roby defeated Becky Gerritson and Robert Rogers in the Republican primary on March 1, 2016.[1][2][3]

U.S. House, Alabama District 2 General Election, 2016
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngMartha Roby Incumbent 48.8% 134,886
     Democratic Nathan Mathis 40.5% 112,089
     N/A Write-in 10.7% 29,609
Total Votes 276,584
Source: Alabama Secretary of State


U.S. House, Alabama District 2 Republican Primary, 2016
Candidate Vote % Votes
Green check mark transparent.pngMartha Roby Incumbent 66.4% 78,689
Becky Gerritson 27.8% 33,015
Robert Rogers 5.8% 6,856
Total Votes 118,560
Source: Alabama Secretary of State

2014

See also: Alabama's 2nd Congressional District elections, 2014

The 2nd Congressional District of Alabama held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014. Incumbent Martha Roby (R) defeated Erick Wright (D) in the general election.

U.S. House, Alabama District 2 General Election, 2014
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngMartha Roby Incumbent 67.3% 113,103
     Democratic Erick Wright 32.6% 54,692
     N/A Write-in 0.1% 157
Total Votes 167,952
Source: Alabama Secretary of State

2012

See also: Alabama's 2nd Congressional District elections, 2012

The 2nd Congressional District of Alabama held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 6, 2012. Incumbent Martha Roby won re-election in the district.[4]

U.S. House, Alabama District 2 General Election, 2012
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Therese Ford 36.3% 103,092
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngMartha Roby Incumbent 63.6% 180,591
     N/A Write-In 0.1% 270
Total Votes 283,953
Source: Alabama Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"


2010
On November 2, 2010, Martha Roby won election to the United States House. She defeated Bobby Bright (D) in the general election.[5]

U.S. House, Alabama District 2 General Election, 2010
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngMartha Roby 51.1% 111,645
     Democratic Bobby Bright incumbent 48.9% 106,865
Total Votes 218,510


2008
On November 4, 2008, Bobby Bright won election to the United States House. He defeated Jay Love (R) in the general election.[6]

U.S. House, Alabama District 2 General Election, 2008
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngBobby Bright 50.2% 144,368
     Republican Jay Love 49.6% 142,578
     N/A Write-in 0.2% 448
Total Votes 287,394


2006
On November 7, 2006, Terry Everett won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Charles Dean James (D) in the general election.[7]

U.S. House, Alabama District 2 General Election, 2006
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngTerry Everett incumbent 69.5% 124,302
     Democratic Charles Dean James 30.4% 54,450
     N/A Write-in 0.1% 167
Total Votes 178,919


2004
On November 2, 2004, Terry Everett won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Charles Dean James (D) in the general election.[8]

U.S. House, Alabama District 2 General Election, 2004
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngTerry Everett incumbent 71.4% 177,086
     Democratic Charles Dean James 28.5% 70,562
     Libertarian Write-in 0.1% 299
Total Votes 247,947


2002
On November 5, 2002, Terry Everett won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Charles Woods (D) and Floyd Shackelford (L) in the general election.[9]

U.S. House, Alabama District 2 General Election, 2002
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngTerry Everett incumbent 68.8% 129,233
     Democratic Charles Woods 29.5% 55,495
     Libertarian Floyd Shackelford 1.6% 2,948
     N/A Write-in 0.2% 289
Total Votes 187,965


2000
On November 7, 2000, Terry Everett won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Charles Woods (D) and Wallace McGahan (L) in the general election.[10]

U.S. House, Alabama District 2 General Election, 2000
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngTerry Everett incumbent 68.2% 151,830
     Democratic Charles Woods 29.2% 64,958
     Libertarian Wallace McGahan 1.8% 4,111
     N/A Write-in 0.8% 1,737
Total Votes 222,636


1998
On November 3, 1998, Terry Everett won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Joe Fondren (D) in the general election.[11]

U.S. House, Alabama District 2 General Election, 1998
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngTerry Everett incumbent 69.3% 131,428
     Democratic Joe Fondren 30.7% 58,136
     N/A Write-in 0.1% 105
Total Votes 189,669


1996
On November 5, 1996, Terry Everett won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Bob Gaines (D) and Michael Probst (L) in the general election.[12]

U.S. House, Alabama District 2 General Election, 1996
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngTerry Everett incumbent 63.2% 132,563
     Democratic Bob Gaines 35.4% 74,317
     Libertarian Michael Probst 1.3% 2,653
     N/A Write-in 0.1% 260
Total Votes 209,793


1994
On November 8, 1994, Terry Everett won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Brian Dowling (D) in the general election.[13]

U.S. House, Alabama District 2 General Election, 1994
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngTerry Everett incumbent 73.6% 124,465
     Democratic Brian Dowling 26.4% 44,694
     N/A Write-in 0% 54
Total Votes 169,213


1992
On November 3, 1992, Terry Everett won election to the United States House. He defeated George Wallace, Jr. (D), Glynn Reeves (L), Malcolm Brassell (I) and Richard Boone (I) in the general election.[14]

U.S. House, Alabama District 2 General Election, 1992
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngTerry Everett 49.5% 112,906
     Democratic George Wallace, Jr. 47.9% 109,335
     Libertarian Glynn Reeves 1.4% 3,150
     Independent Malcolm Brassell 0.6% 1,426
     Independent Richard Boone 0.6% 1,330
     N/A Write-in 0% 13
Total Votes 228,160


1990
On November 6, 1990, William Dickinson won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Faye Baggiano (D) in the general election.[15]

U.S. House, Alabama District 2 General Election, 1990
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngWilliam Dickinson incumbent 51.3% 87,649
     Democratic Faye Baggiano 48.7% 83,243
     N/A Write-in 0% 19
Total Votes 170,911


District map

Redistricting

2020-2023

See also: Redistricting in Alabama after the 2020 census

On October 5, 2023, a three-judge panel of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama approved a new congressional district map. The map created a new district with a 48.7% Black voting-age population. In its decision, the panel said that "this plan satisfies all constitutional and statutory requirements while hewing as closely as reasonably possible to the Alabama legislature’s 2023 Plan."[16]

A three-judge panel of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama ruled on September 5, 2023, that the revised congressional district boundaries that the Alabama legislature enacted on July 21, 2023, were not in accordance with the Voting Rights Act.[17] The state adopted the revised congressional map after the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 5-4 on June 8, 2023, that the state's congressional redistricting plan adopted on November 4, 2021, violated the Voting Rights Act and had to be redrawn to include a second majority-Black district.[18][19] The federal district court's order said, "this Court concluded that the 2023 Plan did not remedy the likely Section 2 violation found by this Court and affirmed by the Supreme Court. We, therefore, preliminarily enjoined Secretary Allen from using the 2023 Plan in Alabama’s upcoming 2024 congressional elections."[17]

On September 26, 2023, the U.S. Supreme Court rejected the state's request to use the district boundaries overturned by the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama. The decision was unanimous, with none of the justices dissenting. The ruling allowed for the continuation of Special Master Richard Allen's proposed district maps by a panel of federal judges. Lead plaintiff Evan Milligan said the ruling was a "victory for all Alabamians" and "definitely a really positive step." Attorney General Steve Marshall’s office had not issued a statement on the decision as of September 26.[20]

The federal district court ordered its Special Master to submit three proposed remedial plans with the court by September 25, 2023, that comply with the Voting Rights Act and "traditional redistricting principles to the extent reasonably practicable."[17] Alabama Secretary of State Wes Allen's office said it would appeal the federal court's decision to the U.S. Supreme Court. A spokesperson for Allen issued a statement which said, "While we are disappointed in today’s decision, we strongly believe that the legislature’s map complies with the Voting Rights Act and the recent decision of the U.S. Supreme Court. We intend to promptly seek review from the Supreme Court to ensure that the State can use its lawful congressional districts in 2024 and beyond."[21] Special Master Richard Allen submitted the three maps for the judges' consideration on September 25. One map would create a second congressional district in southeastern Alabama with a 50.1% Black voting-age population, while the other two would create districts with either a 48.7% or 48.5% Black population.[22]

How does redistricting in Alabama work? The Alabama State Legislature is responsible for drawing both congressional and state legislative district lines. Both chambers of the state legislature must approve a single redistricting plan. State legislative district lines must be approved in the first legislative session following the United States Census. There is no statutory deadline for congressional redistricting. The governor may veto the lines drawn by the state legislature.[23]

The Alabama Constitution requires that state legislative district lines be contiguous. In addition, the state constitution mandates that state Senate districts "follow county lines except where necessary to comply with other legal requirements."[23]

In 2000, according to All About Redistricting, the legislative committee charged with redistricting "adopted guidelines ... asking that [congressional] districts be contiguous, reasonably compact, follow county lines where possible, and maintain communities of interest to the extent feasible." In addition, the committee agreed to "attempt to avoid contests between incumbents." Similar guidelines apply to state legislative redistricting. At its discretion, the state legislature may change these guidelines, which are non-binding.[23]

Below are the congressional maps in effect before and after the 2020 redistricting cycle. The map on the right was in effect for Alabama’s 2024 congressional elections.

Alabama District 2
before 2020 redistricting cycle

Click a district to compare boundaries.

Alabama District 2
after 2020 redistricting cycle

Click a district to compare boundaries.


2010-2011

This is the 2nd Congressional District of Alabama after the 2001 redistricting process.
See also: Redistricting in Alabama after the 2010 census

In 2011, the Alabama State Legislature re-drew the congressional districts based on updated population information from the 2010 census.

District analysis

See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index
See also: FiveThirtyEight's elasticity scores

2026

Heading into the 2026 elections, based on results from the 2024 and 2020 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district is D+5. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 5 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Alabama's 2nd the 162nd most Republican district nationally.[24]

2024

Heading into the 2024 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was D+4. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 4 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made Alabama's 2nd the 174th most Democratic district nationally.[25]

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have defeated Donald Trump (R) 55.7%-43.3%.[26]

2022

Heading into the 2022 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+17. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 17 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Alabama's 2nd the 63rd most Republican district nationally.[27]

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have received 34.8% of the vote in this district and Donald Trump (R) would have received 64.2%.[28]

2018

Heading into the 2018 elections, based on results from the 2016 and 2012 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+16. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 16 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Alabama's 2nd Congressional District the 73rd most Republican nationally.[29]

FiveThirtyEight's September 2018 elasticity score for states and congressional districts measured "how sensitive it is to changes in the national political environment." This district's elasticity score was 0.97. This means that for every 1 point the national political mood moved toward a party, the district was expected to move 0.97 points toward that party.[30]

See also

External links

Footnotes

  1. The New York Times, "Alabama Primary Results," accessed March 1, 2016
  2. Alabama Republican Party, "2016 Qualified Alabama Republican Candidates," accessed November 10, 2015
  3. Alabama Democrats, "Qualified Democratic Candidates as of November 6, 2015," accessed November 10, 2015
  4. Politico, "2012 Election Map, Alabama," November 6, 2012
  5. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
  6. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013
  7. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013
  8. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2004," accessed March 28, 2013
  9. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 2002," accessed March 28, 2013
  10. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2000," accessed March 28, 2013
  11. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1998," accessed March 28, 2013
  12. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 1996," accessed March 28, 2013
  13. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 8, 1994," accessed March 28, 2013
  14. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1992," accessed March 28, 2013
  15. U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 6, 1990," accessed March 28, 2013
  16. United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama, "Case 2:21-cv-01530-AMM," accessed October 6, 2023
  17. 17.0 17.1 17.2 United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama, "Milligan, et. al v. Allen, et. al," September 5, 2023
  18. CNN, "Alabama GOP-controlled legislature approves congressional map with just one majority-Black district despite court order," accessed July 21, 2023
  19. MSN, "Supreme Court rules in favor of Black voters in Alabama redistricting case," June 8, 2023
  20. Associated Press, "The Supreme Court will let Alabama’s congressional map be redrawn to better represent Black voters," September 26, 2023
  21. USA Today, "Federal court smacks down Alabama congressional maps in showdown over Black voting power," September 5, 2023
  22. CNN, "Special master in Alabama redistricting case proposes three House maps in a closely watched voting rights fight," September 25, 2023
  23. 23.0 23.1 23.2 All About Redistricting, "Alabama," accessed April 16, 2015
  24. Cook Political Report, "2025 Cook PVI℠: District Map and List (119th Congress)," accessed July 1, 2025
  25. Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed January 10, 2024
  26. Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2020 presidential results by congressional district, for new and old districts," accessed September 15, 2022
  27. Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed February 6, 2023
  28. Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2020 presidential results by congressional district, for new and old districts," accessed September 15, 2022
  29. Cook Political Report, "Introducing the 2017 Cook Political Report Partisan Voter Index," April 7, 2017
  30. FiveThirtyEight, "Election Update: The Most (And Least) Elastic States And Districts," September 6, 2018


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Representatives
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District 5
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Republican Party (7)
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