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Executive agency

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An executive agency, in the context of administrative law, is a federal agency that is housed under the Executive Office of the President or one of the 15 Cabinet departments within the executive branch. According to the of the Sourcebook of United States Executive Agencies, a study produced by the Administrative Conference of the United States and Vanderbilt University, independent agencies with top officials who are nominated by the president and confirmed by the U.S. Senate also qualify as executive agencies.[1][2] There is no definitive number of executive agencies.[3]

Background

See also: Independent federal agency

According to the of the Sourcebook of United States Executive Agencies, an executive agency is an agency that operates under the Executive Office of the President, within one of the 15 Cabinet departments, or as an independent agency with a top official who is nominated by the president and confirmed by the U.S. Senate. Depending on the agency, these entities may house additional sub-agencies, bureaus, divisions, and commissions.[1]

The primary purpose of executive agencies "is to aid the President in carrying out the President’s constitutional and statutory responsibilities," according to the Sourcebook. Agencies assist the president by promulgating and enforcing administrative regulations. The Administrative Procedure Act (APA) authorizes executive agencies carry out these responsibilities through rulemaking and adjudication.[1][4]

There is no definitive number of executive agencies. The Sourcebook provides the following range of estimates:

“ Every list of federal agencies in government publications is different. For example, FOIA.gov lists 78 independent executive agencies and 174 components of the executive departments as units that comply with the Freedom of Information Act requirements imposed on every federal agency. This appears to be on the conservative end of the range of possible agency definitions. The United States Government Manual lists 96 independent executive units and 220 components of the executive departments. An even more inclusive listing comes from USA.gov, which lists 137 independent executive agencies and 268 units in the Cabinet.[1][5] ”

Noteworthy events

White House proposes federal agency restructuring (2018)

On June 21, 2018, the White House proposed increasing the efficiency of the federal government by enacting the broadest changes to the organization of federal agencies since the New Deal. The full reorganization plan proposes merging the U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) and the U.S. Department of Education (DOE) into a single federal agency, restructuring the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the U.S. Postal Service, and reorganizing several administrative programs under different agencies, among other changes.

Under the proposal, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers would be divided between the Department of Defense for military operations, the U.S. Department of the Interior for environmental projects, and the U.S. Department of Transportation for projects related to ports and canals. Similarly, food safety programs would be moved from the Food and Drug Administration to the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the USDA’s housing programs would move under the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, and welfare programs, such as food stamps, would be administered by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, according to Reuters.

Mick Mulvaney, director of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), observed that while some of the proposed changes could be implemented through executive action, Congress would need to bring about the full plan.[6]

See also

External links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Administrative Conference of the United States, "Sourcebook of United States Executive Agencies," May 2013
  2. ↑ JUSTIA, "Legislative Agencies," accessed October 12, 2017
  3. ↑ US History.org, "8b. The Organization of the Bureaucracy," accessed August 9, 2019
  4. ↑ JUSTIA, "Executive Agencies," accessed October 12, 2017
  5. ↑ Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
  6. ↑ Reuters, "White House proposes merging Labor, Education departments," June 21, 2018
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