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Minnesota's 1st Congressional District election, 2020
- Election date: Nov. 3
- Registration deadline(s): Oct. 13
- Online registration: Yes
- Same-day registration: Yes
- Recount laws
- Early voting starts: Sept. 18
- Absentee/mail voting deadline(s): Nov. 3 (postmarked); Nov. 10 (received)
- Processing, counting, and challenging absentee/mail-in ballots
- Voter ID: No ID
- Poll times: 7 a.m. to 8 p.m.
2022 →
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Minnesota's 1st Congressional District |
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Democratic primary Republican primary General election |
Election details |
Filing deadline: June 2, 2020 |
Primary: August 11, 2020 General: November 3, 2020 Pre-election incumbent: Jim Hagedorn (Republican) |
How to vote |
Poll times: 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. Voting in Minnesota |
Race ratings |
Inside Elections: Tilt Democratic Sabato's Crystal Ball: Lean Democratic |
Ballotpedia analysis |
U.S. Senate battlegrounds U.S. House battlegrounds Federal and state primary competitiveness Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2020 |
See also |
U.S. Senate • 1st • 2nd • 3rd • 4th • 5th • 6th • 7th • 8th Minnesota elections, 2020 U.S. Congress elections, 2020 U.S. Senate elections, 2020 U.S. House elections, 2020 |
Incumbent Jim Hagedorn (R) defeated Dan Feehan (D) and Bill Rood (Grassroots-Legalize Cannabis Party of Minnesota) in the November 3, 2020, general election in Minnesota's 1st Congressional District. The election was one of 56 U.S. House rematches from 2018.
Hagedorn was first elected in 2018, defeating Feehan in the general election by a margin of 1,315 votes. Before 2018, the 1st District was represented by Tim Walz (D), who had won his 2016 and 2014 elections by margins of 2,548 and 19,315 votes, respectively.
The outcome of this race affected partisan control of the U.S. House of Representatives in the 117th Congress. All 435 seats in the House were up for election. At the time of the election, Democrats had a 232 to 198 majority over Republicans. The Libertarian Party had one seat. Four seats were vacant. Democrats defended 30 districts Donald Trump (R) won in 2016. Republicans defended five districts Hillary Clinton (D) won in 2016.
The 1st District was one of 21 congressional districts that voted for Barack Obama (D) in 2012 and for Donald Trump (R) in 2016.[1]
Minnesota's 1st Congressional District extends across southern Minnesota from the border with South Dakota to the border with Wisconsin. It includes Blue Earth, Brown, Dodge, Faribault, Fillmore, Freeborn, Houston, Jackson, Le Sueur, Martin, Mower, Nicollet, Nobles, Olmsted, Rock, Steele, Waseca, Watonwan, and Winona counties. Areas of Cottonwood and Rice counties also lie within the district.[2]
Dan Feehan and Bill Rood completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection Survey. Click here to see their responses.
This race was one of 89 congressional races that were decided by 10 percent or less in 2020.
For more information about the Republican primary, click here.
For more information about the Democratic primary, click here.
Post-election analysis
The table below compares the vote totals in the 2020 presidential election and 2020 U.S. House election for this district. The presidential election data was compiled by Daily Kos.
Election procedure changes in 2020
Ballotpedia provided comprehensive coverage of how election dates and procedures changed in 2020. While the majority of changes occurred as a result of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, some changes occurred for other reasons.
Minnesota modified its absentee/mail-in voting and candidate filing procedures for the November 3, 2020, general election as follows:
- Absentee/mail-in voting: The absentee/mail-in ballot postmark deadline was extended to November 3, 2020; the receipt deadline was extended to November 10, 2020. The witness requirement for absentee/mail-in ballots was suspended.
- Candidate filing procedures: General election candidates were allowed to submit filing forms and petitions electronically.
For a full timeline about election modifications made in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, click here.
Candidates and election results
General election
General election for U.S. House Minnesota District 1
Incumbent Jim Hagedorn defeated Dan Feehan and Bill Rood in the general election for U.S. House Minnesota District 1 on November 3, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Jim Hagedorn (R) | 48.6 | 179,234 |
![]() | Dan Feehan (D) ![]() | 45.5 | 167,890 | |
![]() | Bill Rood (Grassroots-Legalize Cannabis Party of Minnesota) ![]() | 5.8 | 21,448 | |
Other/Write-in votes | 0.1 | 284 |
Total votes: 368,856 | ||||
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If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. |
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Hans Tinsley (Unaffiliated)
Democratic primary election
The Democratic primary election was canceled. Dan Feehan advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Minnesota District 1.
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Ralph Kaehler (D)
- Mark Schroepfer (D)
- Rich Wright (D)
- Johnny Akzam (D)
Republican primary election
The Republican primary election was canceled. Incumbent Jim Hagedorn advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Minnesota District 1.
Grassroots-Legalize Cannabis Party of Minnesota primary election
The Grassroots-Legalize Cannabis Party of Minnesota primary election was canceled. Bill Rood advanced from the Grassroots-Legalize Cannabis Party of Minnesota primary for U.S. House Minnesota District 1.
Candidate profiles
This section includes candidate profiles created in one of two ways. Either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey or Ballotpedia staff created a profile after identifying the candidate as noteworthy.[3] Ballotpedia staff compiled profiles based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements.
Party: Republican Party
Incumbent: Yes
Political Office:
- U.S. House of Representatives (Assumed office: 2019)
Biography: Hagedorn graduated from George Mason University with a bachelor's degree in government and politics. At the time of the election, his professional experience included working as a legislative aide to Rep. Arlan Stangeland (R-Minn.), the director for legislative and public affairs for the Financial Management Service, and a congressional affairs officer for the Bureau of Engraving and Printing.
Show sources
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Minnesota District 1 in 2020.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office: None
Submitted Biography: "Born in Minnesota, Dan Feehan grew up north of Rochester and was inspired into service after witnessing the terrorist attacks on the Pentagon on September 11, 2001 while he was a college student. He committed himself to military service in the coming months, signing up for Army ROTC . From 2005 through 2009, he served as an active duty soldier and completed two combat tours of duty as part of Operation Iraqi Freedom. In Iraq, Dan searched for roadside bombs and his service earned him the Bronze Star for Service, the Army Commendation Medal with Valor, and the Ranger Tab. Even as his military duty was ending, Dan felt a new calling to serve children at home as a middle school math teacher and later became an acting Assistant Secretary of Defense in the Pentagon. His experiences as a soldier, teacher, and Acting Assistant Secretary of Defense taught him the enormous impact public policy has on the lives of everyday people, and Dan hopes to use that wisdom as a lawmaker. Dan and his wife Amy, live in North Mankato with their two young boys, Conor and Declan, and their newborn daughter, Maeve."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Minnesota District 1 in 2020.
Party: Grassroots-Legalize Cannabis Party of Minnesota
Incumbent: No
Political Office: None
Submitted Biography: "I've voted for Democrats most of my life when there were anti-war candidates, though I've never felt a partisan commitment. I caucused with Democrats to support Dennis Kucinich, but four years later I caucused with Republicans to support Ron Paul. Neither of them came close to winning nomination because if there's one thing Democrats and Republicans can agree on it's war. The only difference is that Republicans, like President Trump, will honestly admit they think war is OK if you take their oil, but Democrats insist on perfuming the excrement of war with claims they are protecting democracy or human rights even when they back an openly fascist coup in Ukraine or takfiri terrorists in Libya and Syria. In 2018, I had a Hobson's choice between a) the scion of a Republican, who had worked as an aid to former Rep. Arlan Stangeland and at the Treasury Department, and b) a Pentagon employee backed by the DNC who had given me what I considered an unsatisfactory answer about the Afghan War. Both were Washington insiders, and I held my nose as I voted. In 2020, it looked like we would have the same choice if nothing were done. I wanted the my neighbors to have a better choice, so I called the chair of the Grassroots - Legalize Cannabis Party and we decided I should file. I realize now this is not about the opposing candidates, Washington insiders or not. It's about the leadership of the two parties. Even idealistic freshmen eventually bend to the will of leadership. "
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Minnesota District 1 in 2020.
Polls
- See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls
Minnesota's 1st Congressional District election, 2020: General election polls | |||||||
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Poll | Date | ![]() |
![]() |
Other | Margin of error | Sample size | Sponsor |
RMG Research Inc. | July 31-Aug. 7, 2020 | 41% | 38% | 22% | ±4.5 | 500 | U.S. Term Limits |
Victoria Research & Consulting | July 19-23, 2020 | 46% | 48% | 6% | ±4.4 | 511 | House Majority PAC |
Campaign finance
This section contains campaign finance figures from the Federal Election Commission covering all candidate fundraising and spending in this election.[4] It does not include information on fundraising before the current campaign cycle or on spending by satellite groups. The numbers in this section are updated as candidates file new campaign finance reports. Candidates for Congress are required to file financial reports on a quarterly basis, as well as two weeks before any primary, runoff, or general election in which they will be on the ballot and upon the termination of any campaign committees.[5] The chart below contains data from financial reports submitted to the Federal Election Commission.
Name | Party | Receipts* | Disbursements** | Cash on hand | Date |
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Jim Hagedorn | Republican Party | $2,423,319 | $2,343,280 | $81,131 | As of December 31, 2020 |
Dan Feehan | Democratic Party | $4,883,182 | $4,885,366 | $1,337 | As of December 31, 2020 |
Bill Rood | Grassroots-Legalize Cannabis Party of Minnesota | $0 | $0 | $0 | Data not available*** |
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2020. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." |
District analysis
- See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index
- See also: FiveThirtyEight's elasticity scores
The 2017 Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+5, meaning that in the previous two presidential elections, this district's results were 5 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Minnesota's 1st Congressional District the 190th most Republican nationally.[6]
FiveThirtyEight's September 2018 elasticity score for states and congressional districts measured "how sensitive it is to changes in the national political environment." This district's elasticity score was 1.03. This means that for every 1 point the national political mood moved toward a party, the district was expected to move 1.03 points toward that party.[7]
Race ratings
- See also: Race rating definitions and methods
Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:
- Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
- Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
- Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.[8]
- Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.
Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[9][10][11]
Race ratings: Minnesota's 1st Congressional District election, 2020 | |||||||||
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Race tracker | Race ratings | ||||||||
November 3, 2020 | October 27, 2020 | October 20, 2020 | October 13, 2020 | ||||||
The Cook Political Report | Toss-up | Toss-up | Lean Republican | Lean Republican | |||||
Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales | Tilt Democratic | Toss-up | Toss-up | Tilt Republican | |||||
Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball | Lean Democratic | Toss-up | Toss-up | Toss-up | |||||
Note: Ballotpedia updates external race ratings every week throughout the election season. |
Noteworthy endorsements
This section lists noteworthy endorsements issued in this election, including those made by high-profile individuals and organizations, cross-party endorsements, and endorsements made by newspaper editorial boards. It also includes a bulleted list of links to official lists of endorsements for any candidates who published that information on their campaign websites. Please note that this list is not exhaustive. If you are aware of endorsements that should be included, please click here.
Click the links below to see endorsement lists published on candidate campaign websites, if available.
Noteworthy endorsements | ||||||
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Endorsement | Hagedorn (R) | Feehan (D) | ||||
Newspapers and editorials | ||||||
Barinerd Dispatch[12] | ✔ | |||||
Post Bulletin[13] | ✔ | |||||
Star Tribune[13] | ✔ | |||||
Elected officials | ||||||
President Donald Trump (R)[14] | ✔ | |||||
Gov. Tim Walz (D)[15] | ✔ | |||||
Individuals | ||||||
Former President Barack Obama (D)[16] | ✔ |
Timeline
2020
Campaign advertisements
This section shows advertisements released in this race. Ads released by campaigns and, if applicable, satellite groups are embedded or linked below. If you are aware of advertisements that should be included, please email us.
Jim Hagedorn
Supporting Hagedorn
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- "Hagedorn Cover Southern Minnesota" - Hagedorn campaign ad, released September 15, 2020
- "Hagedorn 2020" - Hagedorn campaign ad, released September 13, 2020
Opposing Feehan
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Dan Feehan
Supporting Feehan
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Opposing Hagedorn
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Satellite group ads
Opposing Hagedorn
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Opposing Feehan
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Campaign themes
- See also: Campaign themes
Jim Hagedorn
Hagedorn’s campaign website stated the following:
“ |
Agriculture Economy Jim advocates for farmers through his service on the House Agriculture Committee. He and his colleagues are tasked with making sure the Farm Bill is implemented effectively for America’s farmers. He continues to work hard with the Congressional Leadership, the Secretary of Agriculture, and the Administration to expand overseas markets through the passage of trade deals such as the United States-Mexico-Canada Trade Agreement. Jim is also a champion of year-round E15 biofuels. He has advocated for the elimination of small refinery exemption abuses and the extension of biofuels tax credits with the Department of Agriculture and the Environmental Protection Agency. Jim continues to reach out to like-minded colleagues on both sides of the aisle to address the high input costs farmers face through extreme federal regulations and skyrocketing healthcare premiums and deductibles. Jobs Healthcare All Americans should have access to quality, affordable health care. The Affordable Care Act has failed to deliver on its promises to allow Americans to keep their own doctors and insurance plans while saving every family $2,500/yr. The current Democratic plan to strip 158 million Americans of access to their employer-provided health insurance plans would have disastrous effects on the availability and quality of our health care system. Instead, Jim wants to drive down costs and improve access to health care through:
He also testified before the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Health, Education and Human Services to seek federal grants for cutting-edge medical research in the First District and also cosponsored H.R. 2207, the Protect Medical Innovation Act, to remove excise taxes that impedes innovation of medical devices. Seniors Veterans Right to Life Second Amendment |
” |
—Jim Hagedorn’s campaign website (2020)[26] |
Dan Feehan
Smith’s campaign website stated the following:
“ |
The Issues Matter Now, I am eager to serve again, this time as a representing Minnesota’s 1st Congressional District, where I will apply all that I’ve learned to the pressing issues we’re facing in southern Minnesota, in Washington, and around the world. As a soldier in war, I learned the burden of being directly responsible for the lives of others. As a middle school teacher, I learned what it means to empower children through education. As an acting Assistant Secretary of Defense, I learned the awesome responsibility of making policy for millions of our nation’s service members. Each experience was humbling as well as enlightening, and each showed me how significantly federal policy impacts the lives of our citizens. I will carry these experiences with me to Congress. Ending corruption in Washington Refusing all corporate PAC money Preventing politicians from becoming lobbyists Stopping Members of Congress from trading individual stocks Enacting real campaign finance reform Ending gerrymandering Making healthcare and prescription drugs affordable In order to do this, we must take on out-of-state pharmaceutical conglomerates and mega-insurance companies that hold outsized influence in Washington — influence that they use to keep their prescription drug prices and health care costs high in order to enjoy record profits. The drug and insurance companies already have enough representation in Washington with politicians like Jim Hagedorn who gladly take their talking points and their campaign contributions. By contrast, I reject all money from prescription drug companies and health insurers because my service will be to the people of southern Minnesota. Making health care affordable As your Congressman, I will push to ensure strong, trusted coverage for many more Minnesotans. For people who like their current private coverage — they must always be able to keep it. For those who don’t, I will work to expand Medicare by lowering the eligibility age to 55 and creating a public option so people can buy in to a program like Medicare. I will also join the bipartisan efforts to build on the successes of the Affordable Care Act and strengthen the individual market, which our farmers, entrepreneurs, and others rely on, making it more stable and more affordable. Ensuring health care is accessible In Congress, I will work to address these growing health care workforce shortages and challenges by promoting early exposure to health careers and supporting programs that recruit and train providers in rural areas. I’ve also heard incredible stories of communities working to address obesity, mental health, or isolation among seniors. I will also push to expand the great innovation happening in our rural communities that provides health care (not sick care) and that is really making a difference in the overall health of individuals and communities. Strengthening protections for people with pre-existing conditions Making prescription drugs affordable I won’t take a single dime or any talking points from pharmaceutical companies. Because I am not beholden to these or any corporate special interests, I will be able to advocate for legislation that will actually lower prescription drug prices. That is why in Congress, I will fight for price transparency, empower Medicare to negotiate directly with the drug companies, enable safe generic drugs to compete on a level-playing field, and strengthen Medicare Part D benefits for our seniors. Protecting Social Security and Medicare Defending Social Security Strengthening Medicare Strengthening our ag economy Ending Washington’s disastrous trade policy Prevent further undermining of the market for corn ethanol Fighting for our farmers That is why in Congress, I won’t accept the status quo that forces out our family farmers. I will fight against anyone, from either party, who seeks to perpetuate the notion that farms need to ‘get big or get out’. I will promote policies that encourage diversity in the crops we grow, the markets we sell to, and in the people who farm. Promoting resilience in agriculture Helping the next generation of farmers Rebuilding our infrastructure Honoring our veterans and defending our country Our soldiers, diplomats, and intelligence agencies work tirelessly and courageously every single day to defend our country. But while our soldiers, veterans, diplomats, and intelligence agencies have sacrificed and given so much, our Congress has continuously failed them. Instead of ensuring that our veterans have high-quality health care, jobs, and educational opportunities upon leaving the service, Congress has prioritized tax cuts for billionaires. And instead of being a co-equal branch of government, Congress has abdicated its responsibilities and allowed for us to be at war for over 18 years. Our soldiers, veterans, diplomats, and intelligence agencies deserve a Congress that will fight for them, and in Congress, I will work with Republicans and Democrats alike to make this happen. Defending checks and balances Ensuring Military Spending and Readiness Protecting Our Homeland and Working with our Allies Providing the highest-quality health care for our soldiers and veterans To do this, I will fight to ensure that both TriCare and the VA are fully funded and fully staffed so that our servicemembers and veterans receive the best care. Furthermore, I will work to ensure that veterans have access to their VA health care benefits so that they do not face long wait times when receiving care. Finally, I will continue to build upon the programs that provide critical mental health and chemical dependency services for our veterans, active duty servicemembers, and military families. Creating opportunities for our veterans Fighting for working families Creating good middle-class jobs We must create jobs that pay well, provide good benefits, and are stable. No matter who the President is in January of 2021, I will work with that person, along with labor unions, businesses and colleges in southern Minnesota, to find opportunities to make smart investments that will create jobs in our communities. In Congress, I will push for greater investments in infrastructure to rebuild roads, bridges and waterways, and create more wind turbines and solar farms to create new jobs for southern Minnesotans. I will work with small businesses and community leaders to identify unnecessary regulations that burden small business owners and potential small business owners. Finally, I will work with students and universities to promote entrepreneurship and create incentives to keep young people living in southern Minnesota. Protecting the rights of workers Labor unions have fought to make workplaces equitable and are a critical part of ensuring we have an economy that works for everyone. That is why, in Congress, I will fight against any and every “right-to-work” law; I would fight to establish a consistent preference in federal government contracting for unionized employers that provide workers with fair pay and benefits; and I would fight to protect the sanctity of union elections. Furthermore, I would fight for paid sick leave and parental leave benefits for our workers and I would fight to ensure that all workers have safe and fair workplaces where no one is subject to harassment or discrimination. Finally, I would be a strong champion of equal pay for equal work for women and advocate for protections from pregnancy discrimination in the workplace. Passing tax reform that prioritizes families rather than mega corporations Making health care, childcare, and education affordable and accessible Preparing our young people for the future I know that there is no more important job than preparing our youth for the future. We need to equip our children with the skills to succeed in a 21st century economy and treat others with kindness and respect. That is why in Congress, I will fight to maintain and strengthen our strong public education system that helps both our economy and our communities in southern Minnesota thrive. Making early childhood education accessible and affordable Strengthening our K-12 Education Furthermore, we must help our children develop a love of learning. That is why our kids should have every learning opportunity to learn to think on their feet and problem solve, to work in teams and as part of a larger group, to use modern technology, and give them the opportunity to try working with their hands. Building partnerships: As Congressman, I will encourage partnerships between local labor, businesses, technical schooling, and apprenticeships, as well as 2 and 4-year degree programs so that each child can know of, from an early age, the many opportunities that already exist right here in our communities. This isn’t just true in manufacturing, but also in healthcare, IT, agriculture, logistics and transportation, aviation, and more. We can be doing a lot more in our education system to help students and their families identify multi-directional educational pathways that can lead to any number of high-wage, high-growth job opportunities available in southern Minnesota. There are great models for this youth engagement in our community today, and we know them very well – we know them as FFA and 4-H. Let’s use FFA and 4-H as models for what engaging with our youth can look like to strengthen both our local communities and the broader economy. Supporting teachers: Great teachers are the lifeblood of our educational system. As the husband of a public school teacher, I know this well. It’s crucial that we recruit, develop, and retain a strong and diverse teacher workforce. I believe that every classroom must be led and empowered by teachers who are set up for success and compensated for the public service they provide. I will work on creative solutions to recruiting teachers in shortage areas such as STEM, special education, and in our rural communities. I will also support efforts in Congress to make sure teachers can sharpen their skills through ongoing professional development and get the support they need to prevent burnout. Lastly, I will ensure that federal research is directed towards the frontline challenges that teachers experience across southern Minnesota and the country. Higher Education and Workforce Development In Congress, I will support legislation that caps student loan rates and expands the job pathways to loan forgiveness. Furthermore, I will work with institutions of higher education to demand transparency when their prices rise. Finally, I will work with labor unions, trade schools, and technical colleges to ensure that our young people have access to high-paying jobs in the trades or technical jobs that don’t require attending a four-year university. Combating climate change By refusing to address climate change, we will exacerbate extreme weather events, food shortages, armed conflicts, and migration patterns, both around the world and right here in southern Minnesota. The science is clear that if we do not take immediate and dramatic steps to curb this impact, our farmers, our children, and our communities will suffer tremendously. I believe that we need to move towards clean and renewable energy and the rest of the country should take southern Minnesota’s lead with more wind farms, solar panels, and biofuels to ensure that we can address the challenges of climate change together. Addressing climate change is the right thing to do so we leave a cleaner world for our children and our grandchildren, but it will also help our economy here in southern Minnesota and keep our country safer in a time of global instability. In fact, NASA, the Department of Defense and 97% of scientists agree that climate change is a real threat and worsens extreme weather, over the past 40 years, has been calling climate change one of the greatest threats to our country’s national security. It is unconscionable that Jim Hagedorn proudly denies the existence of climate change and refuses to act on it. Leading with our farmers Addressing national security Investing in the future |
” |
—Dan Feehan’s campaign website (2020)[27] |
Pivot Counties
- See also: Pivot Counties by state
Nineteen of 87 Minnesota counties—21.8 percent—are Pivot Counties. Pivot Counties are counties that voted for Barack Obama (D) in 2008 and 2012 and for Donald Trump (R) in 2016. Altogether, the nation had 206 Pivot Counties, with most being concentrated in upper midwestern and northeastern states.
Counties won by Trump in 2016 and Obama in 2012 and 2008 | |||||||
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County | Trump margin of victory in 2016 | Obama margin of victory in 2012 | Obama margin of victory in 2008 | ||||
Beltrami County, Minnesota | 9.72% | 9.89% | 10.15% | ||||
Blue Earth County, Minnesota | 3.69% | 9.48% | 12.95% | ||||
Chippewa County, Minnesota | 28.70% | 1.87% | 5.87% | ||||
Clay County, Minnesota | 1.95% | 7.92% | 16.02% | ||||
Fillmore County, Minnesota | 21.70% | 7.34% | 8.26% | ||||
Freeborn County, Minnesota | 17.24% | 14.11% | 17.13% | ||||
Houston County, Minnesota | 13.87% | 3.16% | 10.69% | ||||
Itasca County, Minnesota | 16.35% | 9.83% | 12.92% | ||||
Kittson County, Minnesota | 22.05% | 6.03% | 18.54% | ||||
Koochiching County, Minnesota | 19.85% | 9.45% | 10.10% | ||||
Lac qui Parle County, Minnesota | 25.60% | 0.90% | 5.92% | ||||
Mahnomen County, Minnesota | 2.92% | 18.56% | 25.31% | ||||
Mower County, Minnesota | 7.82% | 22.61% | 23.61% | ||||
Nicollet County, Minnesota | 3.04% | 7.83% | 10.52% | ||||
Norman County, Minnesota | 13.34% | 10.79% | 26.94% | ||||
Rice County, Minnesota | 3.06% | 8.27% | 11.50% | ||||
Swift County, Minnesota | 25.57% | 9.83% | 13.79% | ||||
Traverse County, Minnesota | 23.30% | 4.44% | 5.41% | ||||
Winona County, Minnesota | 2.90% | 12.85% | 19.09% |
In the 2016 presidential election, Hillary Clinton (D) won Minnesota with 46.4 percent of the vote. Donald Trump (R) received 44.9 percent. In presidential elections between 1860 and 2016, Minnesota voted Republican 50 percent of the time and Democratic 47.5 percent of the time. In the five presidential elections between 2000 and 2016, Minnesota voted Democratic all five times.[28]
Presidential results by legislative district
The following table details results of the 2012 and 2016 presidential elections by state House districts in Minnesota. Click [show] to expand the table. The "Obama," "Romney," "Clinton," and "Trump" columns describe the percent of the vote each presidential candidate received in the district. The "2012 Margin" and "2016 Margin" columns describe the margin of victory between the two presidential candidates in those years. The "Party Control" column notes which party held that seat heading into the 2018 general election. Data on the results of the 2012 and 2016 presidential elections broken down by state legislative districts was compiled by Daily Kos.[29][30]
In 2012, Barack Obama (D) won 68 out of 134 state House districts in Minnesota with an average margin of victory of 27.6 points. In 2016, Hillary Clinton (D) won 62 out of 134 state House districts in Minnesota with an average margin of victory of 30.4 points. Clinton won 12 districts controlled by Republicans heading into the 2018 elections. |
In 2012, Mitt Romney (R) won 66 out of 134 state House districts in Minnesota with an average margin of victory of 12.3 points. In 2016, Donald Trump (R) won 72 out of 134 state House districts in Minnesota with an average margin of victory of 23.8 points. Trump won seven districts controlled by Democrats heading into the 2018 elections. |
2016 presidential results by state House district | |||||||
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District | Obama | Romney | 2012 Margin | Clinton | Trump | 2016 Margin | Party Control |
1A | 43.15% | 54.54% | R+11.4 | 27.87% | 64.99% | R+37.1 | R |
1B | 46.10% | 51.92% | R+5.8 | 31.45% | 61.37% | R+29.9 | R |
2A | 48.08% | 50.09% | R+2 | 33.59% | 60.04% | R+26.4 | R |
2B | 42.17% | 56.05% | R+13.9 | 29.64% | 64.36% | R+34.7 | R |
3A | 55.31% | 42.36% | D+13 | 43.14% | 49.65% | R+6.5 | D |
3B | 60.19% | 38.11% | D+22.1 | 50.13% | 42.59% | D+7.5 | D |
4A | 55.32% | 42.31% | D+13 | 48.97% | 41.71% | D+7.3 | D |
4B | 46.65% | 51.41% | R+4.8 | 35.41% | 57.18% | R+21.8 | D |
5A | 52.05% | 45.83% | D+6.2 | 39.67% | 51.97% | R+12.3 | R |
5B | 49.48% | 48.58% | D+0.9 | 35.93% | 57.00% | R+21.1 | R |
6A | 63.20% | 34.57% | D+28.6 | 44.68% | 47.85% | R+3.2 | D |
6B | 61.82% | 35.90% | D+25.9 | 45.05% | 47.77% | R+2.7 | D |
7A | 67.15% | 30.27% | D+36.9 | 62.12% | 28.28% | D+33.8 | D |
7B | 69.99% | 27.63% | D+42.4 | 59.01% | 32.66% | D+26.3 | D |
8A | 39.32% | 59.07% | R+19.8 | 31.05% | 62.92% | R+31.9 | R |
8B | 40.24% | 57.98% | R+17.7 | 27.72% | 65.66% | R+37.9 | R |
9A | 37.61% | 60.36% | R+22.7 | 23.48% | 70.76% | R+47.3 | R |
9B | 37.60% | 60.41% | R+22.8 | 21.44% | 73.05% | R+51.6 | R |
10A | 42.68% | 55.47% | R+12.8 | 31.71% | 61.41% | R+29.7 | R |
10B | 44.58% | 53.66% | R+9.1 | 31.38% | 62.81% | R+31.4 | R |
11A | 62.19% | 35.79% | D+26.4 | 46.93% | 45.13% | D+1.8 | D |
11B | 46.72% | 50.92% | R+4.2 | 31.58% | 61.39% | R+29.8 | R |
12A | 46.30% | 51.70% | R+5.4 | 32.87% | 59.48% | R+26.6 | R |
12B | 36.32% | 61.98% | R+25.7 | 23.78% | 70.60% | R+46.8 | R |
13A | 41.20% | 57.04% | R+15.8 | 29.40% | 63.98% | R+34.6 | R |
13B | 40.74% | 57.46% | R+16.7 | 29.76% | 63.36% | R+33.6 | R |
14A | 47.70% | 50.25% | R+2.6 | 40.14% | 51.73% | R+11.6 | R |
14B | 53.28% | 43.56% | D+9.7 | 43.47% | 46.88% | R+3.4 | R |
15A | 42.24% | 55.67% | R+13.4 | 26.60% | 66.72% | R+40.1 | R |
15B | 34.92% | 62.92% | R+28 | 21.90% | 71.37% | R+49.5 | R |
16A | 45.53% | 52.33% | R+6.8 | 31.31% | 60.77% | R+29.5 | R |
16B | 40.08% | 57.64% | R+17.6 | 26.83% | 64.99% | R+38.2 | R |
17A | 47.24% | 50.94% | R+3.7 | 29.82% | 63.25% | R+33.4 | R |
17B | 47.10% | 51.19% | R+4.1 | 34.89% | 57.60% | R+22.7 | R |
18A | 39.80% | 57.83% | R+18 | 26.88% | 65.04% | R+38.2 | R |
18B | 37.06% | 60.70% | R+23.6 | 25.23% | 67.02% | R+41.8 | R |
19A | 52.51% | 45.09% | D+7.4 | 43.51% | 47.62% | R+4.1 | D |
19B | 57.05% | 39.91% | D+17.1 | 48.70% | 40.94% | D+7.8 | D |
20A | 40.38% | 57.73% | R+17.4 | 30.47% | 62.58% | R+32.1 | R |
20B | 53.95% | 43.71% | D+10.2 | 47.02% | 45.86% | D+1.2 | D |
21A | 51.06% | 46.99% | D+4.1 | 40.39% | 51.63% | R+11.2 | R |
21B | 44.07% | 53.85% | R+9.8 | 30.94% | 61.07% | R+30.1 | R |
22A | 41.53% | 56.48% | R+14.9 | 26.80% | 66.15% | R+39.4 | R |
22B | 44.04% | 54.37% | R+10.3 | 30.63% | 63.03% | R+32.4 | R |
23A | 39.08% | 58.83% | R+19.8 | 26.82% | 66.32% | R+39.5 | R |
23B | 47.30% | 50.57% | R+3.3 | 32.70% | 59.47% | R+26.8 | R |
24A | 45.64% | 52.20% | R+6.6 | 33.70% | 57.84% | R+24.1 | R |
24B | 47.07% | 50.66% | R+3.6 | 33.44% | 58.77% | R+25.3 | R |
25A | 45.24% | 52.32% | R+7.1 | 37.03% | 52.94% | R+15.9 | R |
25B | 53.14% | 44.51% | D+8.6 | 50.23% | 40.22% | D+10 | D |
26A | 57.64% | 39.78% | D+17.9 | 54.11% | 36.72% | D+17.4 | D |
26B | 44.47% | 53.59% | R+9.1 | 38.48% | 53.17% | R+14.7 | R |
27A | 55.57% | 42.31% | D+13.3 | 37.42% | 55.76% | R+18.3 | R |
27B | 59.95% | 37.84% | D+22.1 | 41.96% | 50.58% | R+8.6 | D |
28A | 56.63% | 40.82% | D+15.8 | 46.44% | 44.13% | D+2.3 | D |
28B | 51.67% | 46.36% | D+5.3 | 37.30% | 55.31% | R+18 | R |
29A | 37.73% | 60.22% | R+22.5 | 28.82% | 63.10% | R+34.3 | R |
29B | 40.42% | 57.50% | R+17.1 | 30.71% | 61.38% | R+30.7 | R |
30A | 39.60% | 58.57% | R+19 | 30.48% | 61.61% | R+31.1 | R |
30B | 36.49% | 61.79% | R+25.3 | 29.58% | 62.31% | R+32.7 | R |
31A | 35.58% | 62.46% | R+26.9 | 23.94% | 69.10% | R+45.2 | R |
31B | 38.58% | 59.53% | R+20.9 | 29.00% | 63.74% | R+34.7 | R |
32A | 41.06% | 56.85% | R+15.8 | 28.13% | 64.23% | R+36.1 | R |
32B | 42.98% | 55.07% | R+12.1 | 31.50% | 60.69% | R+29.2 | R |
33A | 36.20% | 62.39% | R+26.2 | 37.84% | 54.78% | R+16.9 | R |
33B | 43.71% | 54.67% | R+11 | 46.18% | 45.68% | D+0.5 | R |
34A | 40.35% | 58.12% | R+17.8 | 40.80% | 51.26% | R+10.5 | R |
34B | 46.78% | 51.60% | R+4.8 | 47.91% | 43.62% | D+4.3 | R |
35A | 45.40% | 52.32% | R+6.9 | 37.77% | 53.46% | R+15.7 | R |
35B | 41.04% | 57.50% | R+16.5 | 36.48% | 55.65% | R+19.2 | R |
36A | 48.54% | 49.44% | R+0.9 | 44.09% | 47.07% | R+3 | R |
36B | 53.38% | 45.11% | D+8.3 | 52.16% | 40.08% | D+12.1 | D |
37A | 53.32% | 44.53% | D+8.8 | 45.38% | 46.05% | R+0.7 | D |
37B | 48.64% | 49.49% | R+0.9 | 43.74% | 48.04% | R+4.3 | R |
38A | 44.17% | 53.89% | R+9.7 | 40.36% | 51.11% | R+10.7 | R |
38B | 46.39% | 51.99% | R+5.6 | 45.39% | 46.56% | R+1.2 | R |
39A | 45.12% | 53.25% | R+8.1 | 40.85% | 51.57% | R+10.7 | R |
39B | 47.78% | 50.62% | R+2.8 | 45.97% | 46.25% | R+0.3 | R |
40A | 69.71% | 28.69% | D+41 | 67.81% | 26.13% | D+41.7 | D |
40B | 68.60% | 29.42% | D+39.2 | 65.29% | 27.68% | D+37.6 | D |
41A | 59.61% | 38.36% | D+21.2 | 55.79% | 35.28% | D+20.5 | D |
41B | 62.30% | 35.32% | D+27 | 62.11% | 29.12% | D+33 | D |
42A | 51.48% | 46.50% | D+5 | 52.61% | 38.39% | D+14.2 | R |
42B | 56.76% | 41.28% | D+15.5 | 56.05% | 35.37% | D+20.7 | D |
43A | 56.52% | 41.92% | D+14.6 | 54.01% | 38.15% | D+15.9 | D |
43B | 57.50% | 40.33% | D+17.2 | 52.35% | 39.35% | D+13 | D |
44A | 47.99% | 50.66% | R+2.7 | 53.47% | 38.83% | D+14.6 | R |
44B | 54.39% | 44.30% | D+10.1 | 57.27% | 35.36% | D+21.9 | D |
45A | 59.17% | 38.72% | D+20.5 | 58.13% | 33.53% | D+24.6 | D |
45B | 63.39% | 34.34% | D+29.1 | 64.02% | 27.43% | D+36.6 | D |
46A | 64.31% | 33.66% | D+30.7 | 66.50% | 25.81% | D+40.7 | D |
46B | 65.79% | 32.01% | D+33.8 | 68.45% | 23.31% | D+45.1 | D |
47A | 35.32% | 63.07% | R+27.7 | 31.29% | 60.91% | R+29.6 | R |
47B | 42.17% | 56.19% | R+14 | 44.19% | 47.17% | R+3 | R |
48A | 52.14% | 46.19% | D+5.9 | 55.55% | 36.50% | D+19.1 | D |
48B | 46.72% | 51.70% | R+5 | 53.09% | 39.54% | D+13.6 | R |
49A | 52.29% | 46.68% | D+5.6 | 60.37% | 32.60% | D+27.8 | R |
49B | 52.45% | 46.18% | D+6.3 | 56.50% | 36.35% | D+20.2 | D |
50A | 63.81% | 33.98% | D+29.8 | 61.93% | 29.97% | D+32 | D |
50B | 56.96% | 40.99% | D+16 | 55.51% | 36.29% | D+19.2 | D |
51A | 55.56% | 42.44% | D+13.1 | 54.45% | 37.27% | D+17.2 | D |
51B | 51.44% | 46.79% | D+4.7 | 54.17% | 37.06% | D+17.1 | D |
52A | 58.72% | 39.32% | D+19.4 | 56.76% | 34.99% | D+21.8 | D |
52B | 52.90% | 45.36% | D+7.5 | 49.95% | 42.08% | D+7.9 | R |
53A | 56.63% | 41.59% | D+15 | 54.59% | 37.63% | D+17 | D |
53B | 46.78% | 51.95% | R+5.2 | 50.81% | 42.01% | D+8.8 | R |
54A | 55.87% | 41.75% | D+14.1 | 46.83% | 43.55% | D+3.3 | R |
54B | 49.32% | 48.74% | D+0.6 | 42.76% | 48.63% | R+5.9 | R |
55A | 46.18% | 51.67% | R+5.5 | 43.39% | 47.89% | R+4.5 | R |
55B | 38.11% | 60.15% | R+22 | 34.43% | 57.98% | R+23.5 | R |
56A | 47.26% | 50.85% | R+3.6 | 47.12% | 44.13% | D+3 | R |
56B | 49.26% | 48.97% | D+0.3 | 48.62% | 43.89% | D+4.7 | R |
57A | 50.85% | 47.34% | D+3.5 | 49.06% | 42.78% | D+6.3 | D |
57B | 48.75% | 49.64% | R+0.9 | 48.21% | 43.72% | D+4.5 | R |
58A | 42.24% | 56.02% | R+13.8 | 40.36% | 51.99% | R+11.6 | R |
58B | 42.46% | 55.75% | R+13.3 | 34.86% | 57.04% | R+22.2 | R |
59A | 84.23% | 13.96% | D+70.3 | 78.85% | 13.74% | D+65.1 | D |
59B | 80.65% | 17.23% | D+63.4 | 79.46% | 13.04% | D+66.4 | D |
60A | 77.47% | 18.61% | D+58.9 | 76.38% | 14.48% | D+61.9 | D |
60B | 76.39% | 19.31% | D+57.1 | 79.57% | 11.88% | D+67.7 | D |
61A | 78.23% | 19.40% | D+58.8 | 81.47% | 12.06% | D+69.4 | D |
61B | 78.20% | 19.94% | D+58.3 | 81.29% | 12.45% | D+68.8 | D |
62A | 86.72% | 9.26% | D+77.5 | 84.08% | 7.57% | D+76.5 | D |
62B | 86.87% | 10.09% | D+76.8 | 85.70% | 6.89% | D+78.8 | D |
63A | 82.84% | 14.33% | D+68.5 | 81.97% | 10.62% | D+71.4 | D |
63B | 73.83% | 23.99% | D+49.8 | 73.80% | 18.58% | D+55.2 | D |
64A | 76.89% | 20.30% | D+56.6 | 78.82% | 13.58% | D+65.2 | D |
64B | 70.63% | 27.37% | D+43.3 | 74.41% | 18.39% | D+56 | D |
65A | 83.74% | 13.76% | D+70 | 80.78% | 12.13% | D+68.6 | D |
65B | 77.60% | 19.70% | D+57.9 | 74.28% | 17.59% | D+56.7 | D |
66A | 65.92% | 31.91% | D+34 | 67.89% | 23.85% | D+44 | D |
66B | 78.86% | 18.90% | D+60 | 76.62% | 15.90% | D+60.7 | D |
67A | 76.07% | 21.79% | D+54.3 | 70.99% | 21.62% | D+49.4 | D |
67B | 74.76% | 23.00% | D+51.8 | 70.67% | 22.02% | D+48.6 | D |
Total | 52.84% | 45.12% | D+7.7 | 46.88% | 45.34% | D+1.5 | - |
Source: Daily Kos |
Candidate ballot access
The table below details filing requirements for 1st Congressional District candidates in Minnesota in the 2020 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Minnesota, click here.
Filing requirements, 2020 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
State | Office | Party | Signatures required | Signature formula | Filing fee | Filing fee formula | Filing deadline | Source |
Minnesota | 1st Congressional District | Major party | 0 | N/A | $300.00 | Fixed number | 6/2/2020 | Source |
Minnesota | 1st Congressional District | Unaffiliated | 1,000 | Fixed number | N/A | N/A | 6/2/2020 | Source |
District election history
2018
General election
General election for U.S. House Minnesota District 1
Jim Hagedorn defeated Dan Feehan in the general election for U.S. House Minnesota District 1 on November 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Jim Hagedorn (R) | 50.1 | 146,200 |
![]() | Dan Feehan (D) | 49.7 | 144,885 | |
Other/Write-in votes | 0.2 | 576 |
Total votes: 291,661 (100.00% precincts reporting) | ||||
![]() | ||||
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. House Minnesota District 1
Dan Feehan defeated Colin Minehart in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Minnesota District 1 on August 14, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Dan Feehan | 83.1 | 39,252 |
Colin Minehart | 16.9 | 7,979 |
Total votes: 47,231 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Vicki Jensen (D)
- Rich Wright (D)
- Regina Mustafa (D)
- Johnny Akzam (D)
- Joe Sullivan (D)
- Bob Ries (D)
Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. House Minnesota District 1
Jim Hagedorn defeated Carla Nelson, Steve Williams, and Andrew Candler in the Republican primary for U.S. House Minnesota District 1 on August 14, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Jim Hagedorn | 60.1 | 25,431 |
![]() | Carla Nelson | 32.2 | 13,631 | |
![]() | Steve Williams | 5.1 | 2,144 | |
![]() | Andrew Candler | 2.6 | 1,107 |
Total votes: 42,313 | ||||
![]() | ||||
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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2016
Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Democratic. Incumbent Tim Walz (D) narrowly defeated Jim Hagedorn (R) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Walz faced no primary challenger, while Hagedorn defeated Steve Williams in the Republican primary on August 9, 2016.[31][32]
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | ![]() |
50.3% | 169,074 | |
Republican | Jim Hagedorn | 49.6% | 166,526 | |
N/A | Write-in | 0.1% | 277 | |
Total Votes | 335,877 | |||
Source: Minnesota Secretary of State |
Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
76.5% | 10,851 | ||
Steve Williams | 23.5% | 3,330 | ||
Total Votes | 14,181 | |||
Source: Minnesota Secretary of State |
2014
The 1st Congressional District of Minnesota held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014. Tim Walz (D) defeated Jim Hagedorn (R) in the general election.
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | ![]() |
54.2% | 122,851 | |
Republican | Jim Hagedorn | 45.7% | 103,536 | |
N/A | Write-in | 0.1% | 308 | |
Total Votes | 226,695 | |||
Source: Minnesota Secretary of State |
See also
- United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota, 2020
- United States House of Representatives elections, 2020
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Daily Kos, "These 21 congressional districts flipped to Donald Trump after backing Barack Obama in 2012," February 23, 2017
- ↑ United States Census Bureau, "Counties by Congressional Districts," accessed June 8, 2016
- ↑ Candidate Connection surveys completed before September 26, 2019, were not used to generate candidate profiles. In battleground primaries, Ballotpedia based its selection of noteworthy candidates on polling, fundraising, and noteworthy endorsements. In battleground general elections, all major party candidates and any other candidates with the potential to impact the outcome of the race were included.
- ↑ Fundraising by primary candidates can be found on the race's respective primary election page. Fundraising by general election candidates can be found on the race's general election page.
- ↑ Federal Election Commission, "2022 Quarterly Reports," accessed March 2, 2022
- ↑ Cook Political Report, "Introducing the 2017 Cook Political Report Partisan Voter Index," April 7, 2017
- ↑ FiveThirtyEight, "Election Update: The Most (And Least) Elastic States And Districts," September 6, 2018
- ↑ Inside Elections also uses Tilt ratings to indicate an even smaller advantage and greater competitiveness.
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Brainerd Dispatch, "Endorsement: Dan Feehan is the right fit for U.S. District 1," October 21, 2020
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 Post Bulletin, "Endorsement: Dan Feehan is the right fit for U.S. District 1," October 21, 2020 Cite error: Invalid
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tag; name "star" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Twitter, "Jim Hagedorn on August 10, 2020," accessed September 3, 2020
- ↑ Dan Feehan's 2020 campaign website, "Endorsements," accessed September 3, 2020
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Medium, "Second Wave of 2020 Endorsements," September 25, 2020
- ↑ Sabato's Crystal Ball, "2020 Rating Changes," November 2, 2020
- ↑ Twitter, "Jacob Rubashkin on October 28, 2020," accessed October 29, 2020
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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- ↑ The Cook Political Report, "House Rating Changes: 12 Races on the Move, Almost All Towards Democrats," October 21, 2020
- ↑ Twitter, "Jacob Rubashkin on October 16, 2020," accessed October 21, 2020
- ↑ Sabato's Crystal Ball, "2020 Rating Changes," accessed October 6, 2020
- ↑ Twitter, "Jim Hagedorn on August 10, 2020," accessed September 3, 2020
- ↑ Federal Election Commission, "Minnesota - House District 01," accessed September 3, 2020
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
- ↑ Jim Hagedorn’s campaign website, “On the Issues,” accessed September 3, 2020
- ↑ Dan Feehan’s campaign website, “The Issues,” accessed September 3, 2020
- ↑ 270towin.com, "Minnesota," accessed June 29, 2017
- ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' statewide election results by congressional and legislative districts," July 9, 2013
- ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2016 presidential results for congressional and legislative districts," February 6, 2017
- ↑ Minnesota Secretary of State, "Candidate Filings," accessed June 1, 2016
- ↑ Politico, "Minnesota House Primaries Results," August 9, 2016