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Presidential Executive Order 13336 (George Bush, 2004)

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Executive Order 13336: American Indian and Alaska Native Education was a presidential executive order issued by President George W. Bush (R) in April 2004 that aimed to assist tribal governments with meeting the standards of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. The executive order stated, "It is the purpose of this order to assist American Indian and Alaska Native students in meeting the challenging student academic standards of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (Public Law 107–110) in a manner that is consistent with tribal traditions, languages, and cultures."[1]

Background

See also: No Child Left Behind Act

President George W. Bush signed the No Child Left Behind Act (NCBLA) into law in 2001. At the time, public concern about the efficacy of public education in America had increased due in part to reports indicating a decline in the global academic performance of American students, according to the Education Commission for the States. The NCLBA, in response, aimed to support standards-based education reform drawn from the philosophy that setting high standards and establishing measurable goals for schools would improve individual outcomes for public school students. The legislation mandated that states develop standardized tests and administer assessments to all students at certain grade levels in order to receive federal funding. Each state was responsible for establishing its own standards.[2]

President George W. Bush (R) issued Executive Order 13336, titled "American Indian and Alaska Native Education," on April 30, 2004. E.O. 13336 sought to assist tribal governments with meeting the standards of the NCBLA without abridging tribal sovereignty by working with tribal governments on a government-to-government basis. It created an interagency working group on American Indian and Alaska Native education to develop and recommend a plan to work with tribal governments. The executive order directed the U.S. secretary of education to coordinate with the interagency group to conduct a multi-year study to improve American Indian and Alaska native students' ability to meet the NCLBA standards and directed the U.S. Department of Education to provide administrative services and staff to the interagency working group.[1]

Provisions

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Purpose

Section 1 of E.O. 13336 stated the purpose of the executive order to work with tribal governments on a government-to-government basis to help American Indian and Alaska Native students to meet the standards of the No Child Left Behind Act.[1]

Interagency working group on tribal education

Section 2 of E.O. 13336 established an interagency working group to oversee the implementation of E.O. 13336 and develop a plan to recommend strategies, initiatives, and ideas to work with tribal governments to meet the standards of the No Child Left Behind Act.[1]

Section 3 of E.O. 13336 directed the U.S. secretary of education to coordinate with the interagency working group to conduct a multi-year study of American Indian and Alaska Native Education to improve American Indian and Alaska Native students' ability to meet the standards of the No Child Left Behind Act.[1]

Section 4 of E.O. 13336 directed the U.S. secretary of education and the U.S. secretary of the interior to consult with tribal governments and tribal colleges and universities to develop and enhance the research capabilities of tribal universities, tribal colleges, and schools and educational programs serving American Indian and Alaska Native students.[1]

Section 5 of E.O. 13336 created a national conference to convene a forum between the U.S. Department of Education, the interagency working group, and tribal government representatives to consider cooperative strategies to help American Indian and Alaska Native students meet the standards of the No Child Left Behind Act.[1]

Section 6 of E.O. 13336 directed the U.S. Department of Education to provide administrative services and support for the interagency working group.[1]

Section 7 of E.O. 13336 declared that the working group "shall terminate not later than 5 years from the date of this order, unless extended by the President."[1]

See also

External links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 Federal Register, Executive Order 13336, accessed February 6, 2023
  2. ↑ Josie Canales, James Frey, Cathy Walker, Sherry Freeland Walker, Suzanne Weiss and Anna West, Education Commission of the States, "No State Left Behind: The Challenges and Opportunities of ESEA 2001," accessed February 7, 2023
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