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Presidential Executive Order 13455 (George W. Bush, 2007)

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Executive Order 13445: Strengthening Adult Education was a presidential executive order issued by President George W. Bush (R) in October 2007 that established the Interagency Adult Education Working Group within the U.S. Department of Education. The order broadly aimed to "strengthen literacy skills, improve opportunities for postsecondary education and employment, and facilitate participation in American life," according to the text.[1]

The Interagency Adult Education Working Group was terminated after submitting its final report to President George W. Bush and the U.S. secretary of education in July 2008.[2]

Background

President George W. Bush in 2004 created the Jobs for the 21st Century initiative, which aimed to prepare workers for jobs in the new century by bolstering post-secondary education and job training programs for all Americans, including adults. This initiative also sought to allocate $500 million in new funding toward education and job training programs.[3]

To help strengthen adult education programs, the Bush administration issued E.O. 13445 on September 27, 2007. This executive order established the Interagency Adult Education Working Group within the U.S. Department of Education. The working group, comprised of selected cabinet officials, was tasked with advising the president and the secretary of education on policy approaches aiming to "strengthen literacy skills, improve opportunities for postsecondary education and employment, and facilitate participation in American life", according to the text.[1]

Provisions

Policy

E.O. 13445 emphasized that it is the policy of the United States to promote greater literacy skills and post-secondary education and employment opportunities for American adults:

“ It is the policy of the United States to use existing Federal programs that serve adults, including new Americans, to strengthen literacy skills, improve opportunities for postsecondary education and employment, and facilitate participation in American life.[4] ”

Creation and composition of the working group

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E.O. 13445 established the Interagency Adult Education Working Group within the Department of Education.[1]

E.O. 13445 mandated that the working group consist of the secretary of education, the secretary of the treasury, the attorney general, and the secretaries of the interior, labor, health and human services, housing and urban development, and veterans affairs. The chair of the working group was the secretary of education, who had the power to also choose other officers or full-time or permanent part-time federal employees to join the working group.

The chair or the chair's designee had the following duties:

“ convene and preside at the meetings of the Working Group, determine its agenda, direct its work, and establish and direct subgroups of the Working Group, as appropriate to deal with particular subject matters, that shall consist exclusively of members of the Working Group or their designees...[4] ”

Functions of the working group

E.O. 13445 listed the following duties of the working group:

“ (a) identify Federal programs that:
(i) focus primarily on improving the basic education skills of adults;
(ii) have the goal of transitioning adults from basic literacy to postsecondary education, training, or employment; or
(iii) constitute programs of adult education;

(b) as appropriate, review the programs identified under subsection (a) of this section and submit to the heads of the agencies administering those programs recommendations to:

(i) promote the transition of adults from such programs to postsecondary education, training, or employment;
(ii) increase the effectiveness, efficiency, and availability of such programs;
(iii) minimize unnecessary duplication among such programs;
(iv) measure and evaluate the performance of such programs; and
(v) undertake and disseminate the results of research related to such programs;

(c) identify gaps in the research about effective ways to teach adult education for postsecondary readiness, recommend areas for further research to improve adult education programs and services, and identify promising practices in disseminating valid existing and future research findings; and

(d) obtain information and advice as appropriate, in a manner that seeks individual advice and does not involve collective judgment or consensus advice or deliberation, concerning adult education from:

(i) State, local, territorial, and tribal officials; and
(ii) representatives of entities or other individuals;

(e) at the request of the head of an agency, unless the Chair declines the request, promptly review and provide advice on a proposed action by that agency relating to adult education; and

(f) report to the President, through the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy, on its work, and on the implementation of any recommendations arising from its work, at such times and in such formats as the Chair may specify, with the first such report to be submitted no later than 9 months after the date of this order.[4]

”

Miscellaneous provisions

E.O. 13445 required that the U.S. Department of Education provide the funding and administrative support needed by the working group, as determined by the chair. The heads of agencies provided, as necessary, any assistance and information the Chair requested to implement this order.[1]

Impact

The Interagency Adult Education Working Group was terminated after submitting its final report to President George W. Bush and the U.S. secretary of education in July 2008. The full text of the final report is provided below:

See also


External links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Federal Register, "Strengthening Adult Education," accessed February 9, 2023
  2. ↑ U.S. Department of Labor, "Adult Literacy and Education Initiative," accessed February 10, 2023
  3. ↑ Office of the Press Secretary, "Fact Sheet: Job Training for the 21st Century Economy," accessed February 10, 2023
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
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