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Presidential Executive Order 13532 (Barack Obama, 2010)

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Executive Order 13532: Historically Black Colleges and Universities was a presidential executive order issued by President Barack Obama (D) in February 2010 that reestablished the White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities within the Department of Education and the President's Board on Historically Black Colleges and Universities. The order broadly aimed to "strengthen the capacity of historically black colleges and universities to provide the highest quality education," according to the text.[1]

Background

President Barack Obama (D) issued Executive Order 13532, titled "Historically Black Colleges and Universities," on February 26, 2010. The executive order reestablished the President's Board of Advisors on Historically Black Colleges and Universities and the White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities. [1]

Prior executive orders

President Obama's Executive Order 13532 built on the following executive orders relating to historically Black colleges and universities issued by previous administrations, each of which revoked the executive order of the prior administration:

  • Executive Order 12232, issued by President Jimmy Carter (D) on August 8, 1980, established the White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities and directed the Secretary of Education to "implement a Federal initiative designed to achieve a significant increase in the participation by historically Black colleges and universities in Federally sponsored programs.”[2]
  • President Ronald Reagan (R) on September 15, 1981, reestablished the White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities through Executive Order 12320.[2]
  • Executive Order 12677, issued by President George H.W. Bush (R) on April 28, 1989, reestablished the White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities and established the President's Board of Advisors on Historically Black Colleges and Universities. It directed the director of the office of personnel management to consult with the secretaries of education and labor to "develop a program to improve recruitment and participation of graduates and undergraduate students of historically Black colleges and universities in part-time and summer positions in the Federal Government." E.O. 12677 established the President's Board of Advisors on Historically Black Colleges and Universities within the Department of Education.[2] [1]
  • President Bill Clinton (D) later reestablished the White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities on November 1, 1993. Clinton's Executive Order 12876 required a senior-level executive in each agency to have oversight in implementing the order.[2]
  • Executive Order 13256, issued by President George W. Bush (R) and later revoked by President Obama's Executive Order 13532, reestablished the President's Board of Advisors on Historically Black Colleges and Universities and the White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities.[2]

Provisions

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Policy

Section 1 of E.O. 13532 stated that the policy of the executive order was to assist historically Black colleges and Universities to "advance equal opportunity in higher education" and "strengthen the capacity of historically black colleges and universities to provide the highest quality education." It stated that historically Black colleges "continue to be important engines of economic growth and community service, and they are proven ladders of intergenerational advancement for men and women of all ethnic, racial, and economic backgrounds, especially African Americans. "[1]

White House initiative

Section 2 of E.O. 13532 established the White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities within the Department of Education. It stated that the initiative shall work with other executive departments and agencies, the private sector, educational organizations, and philanthropic organizations to increase the capacity of historically Black colleges and universities. It identified five core tasks for the initiative:

  • "[S]trengthening the capacity of HBCUs to participate in Federal programs"
  • "[F]ostering enduring private-sector initiatives and public-private partnerships while promoting specific areas and centers of academic research and programmatic excellence throughout all HBCUs"
  • "[I]mproving the availability, dissemination, and quality of information concerning HBCUs to inform public policy and practice"
  • "[S]haring administrative and programmatic practices within the HBCU community for the benefit of all"
  • "[E]xploring new ways of improving the relationship between the Federal Government and HBCUs"[1]

Agency plans

Section 2 stated that each executive department and agency designated by the secretary of education shall prepare an annual plan to strengthen the capacity of historically Black colleges and universities through participation in federal programs and initiatives. It directed agencies to explain three efforts in its plan:

  • "[E]stablish how the department or agency intends to increase the capacity of HBCUs to compete effectively for grants, contracts, or cooperative agreements and to encourage HBCUs to participate in Federal programs"
  • "[I]dentify Federal programs and initiatives in which HBCUs may be either underserved or underused as national resources, and improve HBCUs' participation therein"
  • "[E]ncourage public-sector, private-sector, and community involvement in improving the overall capacity of HBCUs."

Interagency working group

Section 2 established an interagency working group to be convened by the executive director of the initiative "to help advance and coordinate the work of Federal agencies pursuant to this order, where appropriate."[1]

President's board of advisors

Section 3 of E.O. 13532 reestablished the President's Board of Advisors on Historically Black Colleges and Universities. It stated that the board shall consist of 25 members appointed by the president, one of whom is designated by the president to serve as chair. Section 3 stated that the board shall advise the president and secretary of education in the following areas:

  • "[I]mproving the identity, visibility, and distinctive capabilities and overall competitiveness of HBCUs"
  • "[E]ngaging the philanthropic, business, government, military, homeland-security, and education communities in a national dialogue regarding new HBCU programs and initiatives"
  • "[I]mproving the ability of HBCUs to remain fiscally secure institutions that can assist the Nation in reaching its goal of having the highest proportion of college graduates by 2020"
  • "[E]levating the public awareness of HBCUs"
  • "[E]ncouraging public-private investments in HBCUs"[1]

Aftermath

Executive Order 13779, issued by President Donald Trump (R) on February 28, 2017, reestablished the White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities within the Executive Office of the President.[3]

Executive Order 14041, issued by President Joe Biden (D), reestablished the White House Initiative on Historically Black Colleges and Universities and created the White House Initiatve on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity through Historically Black Colleges and Universities. It stated that "it is the policy of my Administration to advance educational equity, excellence, and economic opportunity in partnership with HBCUs, and to ensure that these vital institutions of higher learning have the resources and support to continue to thrive for generations to come." E.O. 14041 created the initiative "to support implementation of this Government-wide approach to breaking down systemic barriers for HBCU participation in Federal Government programs."[4]


See also

External links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 White House Archives, Executive Order 13532, accessed March 21, 2023
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Department of Education, White House Initiative on Advancing Educational Equity, Excellence, and Economic Opportunity through Historically Black Colleges and Universities, accessed March 22, 2023
  3. ↑ Ed.gov, Executive Order 13779, accessed March 22, 2023
  4. ↑ Gov info, Executive Order 14041, accessed March 22, 2023
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