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Presidential Executive Order 13935 (Donald Trump, 2020)

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Executive Order 13935: White House Hispanic Prosperity Initiative was a presidential executive order issued by President Donald Trump (R) in July 2020 that established the White House Hispanic Prosperity Initiative and the President's Advisory Commission on Hispanic Prosperity in order "to improve access by Hispanic Americans to educational and economic opportunities," according to the order.[1]

Executive Order 14045, signed by President Joe Biden (D) on September 16, 2021, superseded Executive Order 13935.

Background

President Donald Trump (R) issued Executive Order 13935, titled "White House Hispanic Prosperity Initiative," on July 9, 2020. The executive order created the White House Hispanic Prosperity Initiative and the President's Advisory Commission on Hispanic Prosperity with the goal of furthering educational access and economic opportunities for Hispanic Americans. It superseded President Barack Obama's (D) Executive Order 13555, which established the White House Initiative on Educational Excellence for Hispanics, and President Trump's Executive Order 13889, which continued the White House Initiative on Educational Excellence for Hispanics.[1]

Executive Order 13935 differed from previous executive orders on educational opportunities for Hispanic Americans by highlighting "the connection between educational and economic opportunities" through work-based learning initiatives and apprenticeships. The order emphasized opportunity zones and investment in economic opportunities for small and minority-owned businesses, stating that "quality education options offering multiple pathways to economic success are critical to developing our Nation's potential for the jobs of tomorrow."[1]

Prior executive orders on educational opportunities for Hispanic Americans

The following executive orders on educational opportunities for Hispanic Americans preceded E.O. 13935:

  • Executive Order 12729, issued by President George H.W. Bush (R) September 24, 1990, created the President's Advisory Commission on Educational Excellence for Hispanics. The commission was created to advise the secretary of education to promote quality education for Hispanic Americans.[2]
  • Executive Order 12900, issued by President Bill Clinton (D) on February 18, 1994, reestablished the President's Advisory Commission on Educational Excellence for Hispanics and directed it to report the progress of Hispanic Americans toward the achievement of national educational goals by developing ways to monitor and coordinate state, private sector, and federal government efforts to improve Hispanic American education.[3]
  • Executive Order 13230, issued by President George W. Bush (R) on October 12, 2001, reestablished the President's Advisory Commission on Educational Excellence for Hispanic Americans. E.O. 13230 tasked the commission with assisting the secretary of education in promoting policies to help Hispanic Americans meet the standards of the No Child Left Behind Act.[4]
  • Executive Order 13555, issued by President Barack Obama (D) on October 19, 2010, reestablished the White House Initiative on Educational Excellence for Hispanics. The order argued that our country was built on diversity and that the country's future is linked to the Hispanic community. The order sought to ensure equality of opportunity for all by providing "opportunities for Hispanic students to raise their educational attainment at every level of the American education system," according to the text.[5]
  • Executive Order 13889, issued by President Donald Trump (R) on September 27, 2019, continued the White House Initiative on Educational Excellence for Hispanics established by Executive Order 13555.[1]

Provisions

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Purpose

Section 1 of E.O. 13935 stated that the order's purpose is to improve Hispanic Americans' access to education and economic opportunities and argued that the "success of Hispanic Americans is integral to the economic future of our country." The order stated that the initiative set forth in E.O. 13935 "increases emphasis on the connection between educational and economic opportunities, and exploring and promoting opportunities for Hispanic Americans, both through and outside traditional education options, that lead to economic prosperity."[1]

Creation of the White House Hispanic Prosperity Initiative

Section 2 of E.O. 13935 established the White House Hispanic Prosperity Initiative within the Department of Education. It stated that the mission of the initiative "shall be to improve access by Hispanic Americans to educational and economic opportunities," including the following five approaches to improving educational access and economic opportunities:

  • "[I]dentify and promote educational and workforce development practices that have improved educational, professional, and economic outcomes for Hispanic Americans"
  • "[E]ncourage private-sector initiatives and foster public-private partnerships that improve access to educational and economic opportunities for Hispanic Americans"
  • "[D]evelop a national network of individuals, organizations, and communities, with which to consult and collaborate regarding practices and policies that improve access to educational and economic opportunities for Hispanic Americans"
  • "[M]onitor the development, implementation, and coordination of Federal Government educational, workforce, and business development programs designed to improve outcomes for Hispanic Americans"
  • "[A]dvise the President, through the Secretary of Education (Secretary), on issues of importance to Hispanic Americans and policies relating to Hispanic Americans' prosperity"[1]

Section 2 of E.O. 13935 stated that the initiative shall be led by an executive director designated by the secretary of education. It stated that the initiative shall provide regular reports on its activities to the executive offices and the president to increase educational and economic opportunities for Hispanic Americans. Section 2 of E.O. 13935 establishes an interagency working group to increase educational and economic opportunities for Hispanic Americans.[1]

Creation of the President's Advisory Commission on Hispanic Prosperity

Section 3 of E.O. 13935 established the President's Advisory Commission on Hispanic Prosperity. The order stated that the commission should consist of no more than 20 members appointed by the president, including the secretary of commerce, the secretary of labor, the secretary of housing and urban development, the secretary of education, and the administrator of the small business administration. The order further tasked the commission with the following seven activities aimed at promoting educational and economic opportunities for Hispanic Americans:

  • "[P]romote pathways to in-demand jobs for Hispanic American students, including apprenticeships, internships, fellowships, mentorships, and work-based learning initiatives"
  • "[S]trengthen HSIs, as defined by the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended, and increase the participation of the Hispanic American community, Hispanic-serving school districts, and HSIs in the programs of the Department and other agencies"
  • "[P]romote local-based and national private-public partnerships to promote high-quality education, training, and economic opportunities for Hispanic Americans"
  • "[P]romote awareness of educational opportunities for Hispanic American students, including options to enhance school choice, personalized learning, family engagement, and civics education"
  • "[P]romote public awareness of the educational and training challenges that Hispanic Americans face and the causes of these challenges"
  • "[M]onitor changes in Hispanic Americans' access to educational and economic opportunities"
  • "[A]dvise the President and the Initiative on educational and economic opportunities for the Hispanic American community."[1]

Section 3 required the commission to report to the president on progress in providing Hispanic American students, workers, and communities with access to economic and educational opportunities, including the identification of agencies and departments that can facilitate educational and economic opportunities for Hispanic Americans.[1]

Aftermath

See also Executive Order 14045

Executive Order 13935 was superseded on September 16, 2021, by Executive Order 14045, signed by President Joe Biden (D). E.O. 14045 sought to advance educational equity, excellence, and economic opportunity for Hispanics. It stated that "Hispanic and Latino students face systemic inequitable barriers in accessing a high-quality education and a fair shot at the American dream."[6]

See also

External links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 Federal Register Executive Order 13935, accessed April 10, 2023
  2. ↑ Presidency UCSB, Executive Order 12729, accessed April 24, 2023
  3. ↑ Gov Info, Executive Order 12900, accessed April 24, 2023
  4. ↑ Gov Info, Executive Order 13230, accessed April 24, 2023
  5. ↑ Obama White House, Executive Order 13555, accessed April 24, 2023
  6. ↑ Federal Register, Executive Order 14045, accessed April 24, 2023
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