Vern Buchanan

Vern Buchanan (Republican Party) is a member of the U.S. House, representing Florida's 16th Congressional District. He assumed office on January 3, 2013. His current term ends on January 3, 2027.

Buchanan (Republican Party) is running for re-election to the U.S. House to represent Florida's 16th Congressional District. He declared candidacy for the 2026 election.^[source]

Biography

Vern Buchanan was born in Detroit, Michigan, in 1951. He earned a bachelor's degree in business administration from Cleary University in 1975 and an M.B.A from the University of Detroit in 1986. His career experience includes serving in the Michigan Air National Guard and working as a business owner, working with printing and selling automobiles.^[1]^[2]

Committee assignments

U.S. House

2025-2026

Buchanan was assigned to the following committees:

2023-2024

Buchanan was assigned to the following committees:

Joint Committee on Taxation
Committee on Ways and Means, Vice Chairman
Trade

2021-2022

Buchanan was assigned to the following committees:^[Source]

2017-2018

At the beginning of the 115th Congress, Buchanan was assigned to the following committees:^[3]

Committee on Ways and Means

2015-2016

Buchanan served on the following committees:^[4]

Ways and Means Committee

- Subcommittee on Health
- Subcommittee on Human Resources Chairman
- Subcommittee on Social Security

2013-2014

Buchanan served on the following committees:^[5]^[6]

Committee on Ways and Means
- Subcommittee on Health
- Subcommittee on Trade

2011-2012

Committee on Ways and Means^[7]
- Subcommittee on Trade
- Subcommittee on Health

Elections

2026

Note: At this time, Ballotpedia is combining all declared candidates for this election into one list under a general election heading. As primary election dates are published, this information will be updated to separate general election candidates from primary candidates as appropriate.

General election

The general election will occur on November 3, 2026.

General election for U.S. House Florida District 16

Incumbent Vern Buchanan, Jonathan Harris, Glenn Pearson, and Jan Schneider are running in the general election for U.S. House Florida District 16 on November 3, 2026.

		Candidate
		Vern Buchanan (R)
		Jonathan Harris (D)
		Glenn Pearson (D)
		Jan Schneider (D)

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined.
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Endorsements

Ballotpedia is gathering information about candidate endorsements. To send us an endorsement, click here.

2024

Florida's 16th Congressional District election, 2024 (August 20 Democratic primary)

Florida's 16th Congressional District election, 2024 (August 20 Republican primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House Florida District 16

Incumbent Vern Buchanan defeated Jan Schneider in the general election for U.S. House Florida District 16 on November 5, 2024.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Vern Buchanan (R)	59.5	247,516
	Jan Schneider (D)	40.5	168,625

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 416,141
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Florida District 16

Jan Schneider defeated Trent Miller in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Florida District 16 on August 20, 2024.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Jan Schneider	65.7	23,701
	Trent Miller	34.3	12,395

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 36,096
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Florida District 16

Incumbent Vern Buchanan defeated Eddie Speir in the Republican primary for U.S. House Florida District 16 on August 20, 2024.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Vern Buchanan	60.9	38,789
	Eddie Speir	39.1	24,868

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 63,657
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Endorsements

Buchanan received the following endorsements.

Former President Donald Trump (R)

Pledges

Buchanan signed the following pledges.

Taxpayer Protection Pledge, Americans for Tax Reform

2022

General election

General election for U.S. House Florida District 16

Incumbent Vern Buchanan defeated Jan Schneider and Ralph E. Hartman in the general election for U.S. House Florida District 16 on November 8, 2022.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Vern Buchanan (R)	62.1	189,762
	Jan Schneider (D)	37.8	115,575
	Ralph E. Hartman (No Party Affiliation) (Write-in)	0.0	21

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 305,358
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

The Democratic primary election was canceled. Jan Schneider advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Florida District 16.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Benjamin Miranda-Padilla (D)

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Florida District 16

Incumbent Vern Buchanan defeated Martin Hyde in the Republican primary for U.S. House Florida District 16 on August 23, 2022.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Vern Buchanan	86.2	64,028
	Martin Hyde	13.8	10,219

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 74,247
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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2020

Florida's 16th Congressional District election, 2020 (August 18 Republican primary)

Florida's 16th Congressional District election, 2020 (August 18 Democratic primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House Florida District 16

Incumbent Vern Buchanan defeated Margaret Good in the general election for U.S. House Florida District 16 on November 3, 2020.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Vern Buchanan (R)	55.5	269,001
	Margaret Good (D)	44.5	215,683

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 484,684
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

The Democratic primary election was canceled. Margaret Good advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Florida District 16.

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Incumbent Vern Buchanan advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Florida District 16.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Jerry Wayne Milligan III (R)

2018

See also: Florida's 16th Congressional District election, 2018

See also: Florida's 16th Congressional District election (August 28, 2018 Democratic primary)

See also: Florida's 16th Congressional District election (August 28, 2018 Republican primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House Florida District 16

Incumbent Vern Buchanan defeated David Shapiro in the general election for U.S. House Florida District 16 on November 6, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Vern Buchanan (R)	54.6	197,483
	David Shapiro (D)	45.4	164,463

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 361,946 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Sean Canfield (No Party Affiliation)
Eric Allen (G)
Robert Samuel Kaplan (No Party Affiliation)

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Florida District 16

David Shapiro defeated Jan Schneider in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Florida District 16 on August 28, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	David Shapiro	54.7	34,807
	Jan Schneider	45.3	28,834

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 63,641
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Calen Cristiani (D)

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Florida District 16

Incumbent Vern Buchanan advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Florida District 16 on August 28, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Vern Buchanan

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Andrew Smyth (R)

2016

See also: Florida's 16th Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Republican. Incumbent Vern Buchanan (R) defeated Jan Schneider (D) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Buchanan defeated James Satcher in the Republican primary, while Schneider defeated Brent King to win the Democratic nomination. The primary elections took place on August 30, 2016.^[8]^[9]

**U.S. House, Florida District 16 General Election, 2016**
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Vern Buchanan Incumbent	59.8%	230,654
	Democratic	Jan Schneider	40.2%	155,262
Total Votes				385,916
Source: Florida Division of Elections

**U.S. House, Florida District 16 Republican Primary, 2016**
Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Vern Buchanan Incumbent	80.6%	53,706
James Satcher	19.4%	12,900
Total Votes		66,606
Source: Florida Division of Elections

**U.S. House, Florida District 16 Democratic Primary, 2016**
Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Jan Schneider	76.2%	31,387
Brent King	23.8%	9,782
Total Votes		41,169
Source: Florida Division of Elections

2014

See also: Florida's 16th Congressional District elections, 2014

**U.S. House, Florida District 16 General Election, 2014**
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Vern Buchanan Incumbent	61.5%	169,126
	Democratic	Henry Lawrence	38.4%	105,483
	Write-in	Joe Newman	0.1%	220
Total Votes				274,829
Source: Florida Division of Elections

2012

See also: Florida's 16th Congressional District elections, 2012

**U.S. House, Florida District 16 General Election, 2012**
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Vern Buchanan Incumbent	53.6%	187,147
	Democratic	Keith Fitzgerald	46.4%	161,929
Total Votes				349,076
Source: Florida Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"

Full history

To view the full congressional electoral history for Vern Buchanan, click [show] to expand the section.

2010

On November 2, 2010, Vern Buchanan won re-election to the United States House. He defeated James T. Golden (D) in the general election.^[10]

U.S. House, Florida District 13 General Election, 2010
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Vern Buchanan incumbent	68.8%	183,341
	Democratic	James T. Golden	31.2%	83,123
Total Votes				266,464

2008

On November 4, 2008, Vern Buchanan won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Christine Jennings (D), Jan Schneider (No Party Affiliation) and Don Baldauf (No Party Affiliation) in the general election.^[11]

U.S. House, Florida District 13 General Election, 2008
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Vern Buchanan incumbent	55.5%	204,382
	Democratic	Christine Jennings	37.5%	137,967
Total Votes				367,996

2006

On November 7, 2006, Vern Buchanan won election to the United States House. He defeated Christine Jennings (D) in the general election.^[12]

U.S. House, Florida District 13 General Election, 2006
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Vern Buchanan	50.1%	119,309
	Democratic	Christine Jennings	49.9%	118,940
Total Votes				238,249

Campaign themes

2026

Ballotpedia survey responses

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2018

Campaign website

Buchanan's campaign website stated the following:

“

Creating Jobs

U.S. Rep. Vern Buchanan is a self-made businessman. He knows what it means to balance a budget, meet a payroll, and to exercise fiscal discipline that keeps a business moving forward. Giving small businesses the resources they need to create jobs, making sure our government spends no more than what it takes in, and keeping taxes low will ultimately mean greater economic growth and prosperity for everyone.

We have had an anemic economic recovery from the Great Recession. What the country truly needs is a common-sense plan to boost our economy and protect and produce more American jobs in the United States.

In order to achieve these goals, Vern Buchanan has a 10 point plan to create jobs and restore our economy:

1. Tax Reform: Broadly restructure our tax system in order to help struggling families and to encourage businesses to keep their jobs in America. 2. Regulation Reform: Abolish costly onerous government regulations on employers that drive up costs while keeping job growth down. 3. Eliminate the New Health Law’s Mandate on Business: Repeal the new, heavy-handed requirement that all businesses buy health insurance for their workers. 4. BBA: A Balanced Budget Amendment will help bring stability to our economy. 5. Trade: Support free and fair trade to open global markets and create jobs in the United States. 6. Tort Reform: Pass far-reaching legal reform that removes frivolous lawsuits from our court system. 7. Energy: Propose expanded drilling in places like Alaska and other areas. Expansion will not only lead to more American energy, but lead to hundreds of thousands of jobs. 8. Labor: Fight an overactive NLRB. Support states pursuing right-to-work laws. 9. China: China has ignored intellectual property rights. This cost the U.S. economy $48 billion in 2009. One study concluded that if China cracked down on this problem, it could create 2.1 million jobs in the U.S. 10. Government Workers: Reduce the government workforce by 10% via attrition and align wages and benefits of government workers with private sector.

Tax Relief for middle-class working Americans and small businesses

The U.S. tax code punishes families trying to make ends meet and employers trying to compete in the global marketplace.

If we are serious about reducing unemployment and strengthening our economy, we should let people keep more of their own money and help small businesses grow, not punish them with higher taxes. America’s greatness comes from its people and their innovation, not more government intrusion.

Reducing the tax burden on small business would free up money that could be used to invest in new equipment, grow their company and hire more workers.

Retirement Security

Senior citizens and retirees living on their Nest Eggs are particularly vulnerable to the current economic difficulties. Many are worried about the continued viability and long-term solvency of their pensions, IRAs, and 401(k) plans.

Key Federal safety net programs, such as Social Security and Medicare, must be protected and their long-term solvency be ensured to help retirees and seniors in their post-employment years. We need a non-partisan Blue Ribbon Commission to make recommendations about how best to guarantee Social Security and Medicare’s long-term future. In the early Reagan Administration, the “Greenspan Commission” helped save Social Security for 30 years. We need a 21st Century version of this to help keep Social Security and Medicare safe for the Baby Boom generation.

Compete in the 21st Century Global Marketplace

The global population has surpassed 7 billion people and 95% of the world’s consumers live outside of the United States. Opening up foreign markets for U.S. goods and services helps create jobs here at home. The U.S. must continue to negotiate and implement more bi-lateral Free Trade Agreements, which enable domestic exports to grow by opening up new markets for our goods and products abroad. U.S. workers are the best workforce in the world, as long as they compete on a level playing field. We must continue to support Federal job re-training programs to help workers adapt to the changing marketplace of the 21st Century.

The U.S. must also maintain its status as a world leader in education, particularly as the demand for students with strong mathematics and science backgrounds continues to grow. We can remain competitive in the 21st Century only as long as we maintain a strong primary, secondary, and post-secondary education system which produces top-notch students well-suited for the employment needs of a technology-reliant society.^[13]^[14]

”

—Vern Buchanan (2018)

Campaign advertisements

The following is an example of an ad from Buchanan's 2018 election campaign.

"Red Tide" Buchanan campaign ad released September 24, 2018

2016

The following issues were listed on Buchanan's campaign website. For a full list of campaign themes, click here.

“

Creating Jobs: U.S. Rep. Vern Buchanan is a self-made businessman. He knows what it means to balance a budget, meet a payroll, and to exercise fiscal discipline that keeps a business moving forward. Giving small businesses the resources they need to create jobs, making sure our government spends no more than what it takes in, and keeping taxes low will ultimately mean greater economic growth and prosperity for everyone.

Tax Relief for middle-class working Americans and small businesses: If we are serious about reducing unemployment and strengthening our economy, we should let people keep more of their own money and help small businesses grow, not punish them with higher taxes. America’s greatness comes from its people and their innovation, not more government intrusion.

Retirement Security: Key Federal safety net programs, such as Social Security and Medicare, must be protected and their long-term solvency be ensured to help retirees and seniors in their post-employment years. We need a non-partisan Blue Ribbon Commission to make recommendations about how best to guarantee Social Security and Medicare’s long-term future.

Compete in the 21st Century Global Marketplace: The global population has surpassed 7 billion people and 95% of the world’s consumers live outside of the United States. Opening up foreign markets for U.S. goods and services helps create jobs here at home. The U.S. must continue to negotiate and implement more bi-lateral Free Trade Agreements, which enable domestic exports to grow by opening up new markets for our goods and products abroad.^[14]

”

—Vern Buchanan's campaign website, http://www.vernbuchanan.com/on-the-issues/

2012

Buchanan's campaign website listed the following issues:^[15]

Jobs & Economy

Excerpt: "As a businessman for 30 years, and past Chairman of the Florida Chamber of Commerce, I know what it means to balance a budget, meet a payroll, and exercise the fiscal discipline necessary to keep a business moving forward."

Spending

Excerpt: "Washington’s irresponsible pattern of borrowing and spending has put our country on a road to bankruptcy. Unbelievably, America borrows $188 million every hour. This is simply unacceptable."

Small Business

Excerpt: "At a time of 10.3 percent unemployment in Florida, we should be doing all that we can to assist our most dynamic job creators. We can start by keeping taxes low and cutting the bureaucratic red tape and burdensome regulations that stifle job creation."

Campaign finance summary

Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.

Vern Buchanan campaign contribution history
Year	Office	Status	Contributions	Expenditures
2026*	U.S. House Florida District 16	Candidacy Declared general	$779,248	$351,346
2024*	U.S. House Florida District 16	Won general	$1,824,539	$2,158,676
2022	U.S. House Florida District 16	Won general	$4,693,373	$3,383,107
2020	U.S. House Florida District 16	Won general	$3,643,336	$3,649,491
2018	U.S. House Florida District 16	Won general	$2,991,634	$4,379,662
2016	U.S. House, Florida District 16	Won	$1,586,624	N/A**
2014	U.S. House (Florida, District 16)	Won	$1,698,712	N/A**
2012	U.S. House (Florida, District 16)	Won	$2,209,719	N/A**
2010	U.S. House (Florida, District 13)	Won	$2,078,743	N/A**
2008	U.S. House (Florida, District 13)	Won	$4,374,205	N/A**
2006	U.S. House (Florida, District 13)	Won	$8,123,186	N/A**
** Data on expenditures is not available for this election cycle
Note: Totals above reflect only available data.

Notable endorsements

See also: Ballotpedia: Our approach to covering endorsements

This section displays endorsements this individual made in elections within Ballotpedia's coverage scope.

Notable candidate endorsements by Vern Buchanan
Endorsee	Election	Stage	Outcome
Donald Trump ^source (Conservative Party, R)	President of the United States (2024)	Primary	Won General
Jeb Bush ^source (R)	President of the United States (2016)	Primary	Lost Convention

Personal finance disclosures

Members of the House are required to file financial disclosure reports. You can search disclosure reports on the House’s official website here.

Analysis

Below are links to scores and rankings Ballotpedia compiled for members of Congress. We chose analyses that help readers understand how each individual legislator fit into the context of the chamber as a whole in terms of ideology, bill advancement, bipartisanship, and more.

If you would like to suggest an analysis for inclusion in this section, please email editor@ballotpedia.org.

119th Congress (2025-2027)

Rankings and scores for the 119th Congress

118th Congress (2023-2025)

Rankings and scores for the 118th Congress

117th Congress (2021-2023)

Rankings and scores for the 117th Congress

116th Congress (2019-2021)

Rankings and scores for the 116th Congress

Voting alignment with the president

Analysis of percentage of votes that aligned with the president's positions

GovTrack Ideology scores

Ideological scores for members of Congress based on patterns of co-sponsorship

Center for Effective Lawmaking scores

Effectiveness scores based on bills sponsored, actions taken on sponsored bills, and substantiveness of bills

Lugar - McCourt Bipartisan Index

Bipartisan rankings based on cross-party bill co-sponsorship

115th Congress (2017-2019)

Rankings and scores for the 115th Congress

Voting alignment with the president

Analysis of percentage of votes that aligned with the president's positions

GovTrack Ideology scores

Ideological scores for members of Congress based on patterns of co-sponsorship

Center for Effective Lawmaking scores

Effectiveness scores based on bills sponsored, actions taken on sponsored bills, and substantiveness of bills

Lugar - McCourt Bipartisan Index

Bipartisan rankings based on cross-party bill co-sponsorship

114th Congress (2015-2017)

Rankings and scores for the 114th Congress

GovTrack Ideology scores

Ideological scores for members of Congress based on patterns of co-sponsorship

Center for Effective Lawmaking scores

Effectiveness scores based on bills sponsored, actions taken on sponsored bills, and substantiveness of bills

Lugar - McCourt Bipartisan Index

Bipartisan rankings based on cross-party bill co-sponsorship

Open Congress' "Votes most/least often with" and "Voting with party"

List of members of Congress this legislator voted most and least often with and percentage of votes aligned with their party

113th Congress (2013-2015)

Rankings and scores for the 113th Congress

GovTrack Ideology scores

Ideological scores for members of Congress based on patterns of co-sponsorship

Center for Effective Lawmaking scores

Effectiveness scores based on bills sponsored, actions taken on sponsored bills, and substantiveness of bills

Lugar - McCourt Bipartisan Index

Bipartisan rankings based on cross-party bill co-sponsorship

Open Congress' "Votes most/least often with" list and "Voting with party" percentage

List of members of Congress this legislator voted most and least often with and percentage of votes aligned with their party

National Journal vote ratings

Ideological scores based on members' voting record

Noteworthy events

Tested positive for coronavirus on July 19, 2021

See also: Politicians, candidates, and government officials diagnosed with or quarantined due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020


Coronavirus pandemic
Select a topic from the dropdown below to learn more.

On July 19, 2021, Buchanan announced that he had tested positive for coronavirus. He said he had received a COVID-19 vaccine.^[16]

House ethics committee review

On July 10, 2012, the U.S. House Ethics Committee closed its review of Buchanan’s alleged failure to report certain financial information, saying the committee “found no evidence that the errors were knowing or willful.”^[17]

The committee also reviewed allegations that Buchanan attempted to influence the testimony of his business partner in Federal Election Commission proceedings.^[18]On March 8, 2012, a United States District Court ruled in favor of the FEC and ordered Buchanan’s business partner to pay the FEC $5,000 and Hyundai of North Jacksonville to pay $67,900 for illegally reimbursing employees who contributed to Buchanan’s campaign.^[19]

On June 24, 2016, the House Ethics Committee released a report saying there was insufficient evidence to conclude that Buchanan attempted to influence the testimony of his former business partner or had any role in the illegal contribution reimbursements. According to a statement from the Office of Congressional Conduct, "the committee concluded that three car dealerships partly owned by Representative Buchanan illegally reimbursed their employees for contributions to Representative Buchanan's House campaigns," and "said evidence was insufficient to conclude that Representative Buchanan was aware of the unlawful reimbursements when they were made or had a role in directing or approving them."^[20]

Buchanan said, "I’m very pleased the committee conducted a thorough review of the facts and reached a unanimous and bipartisan conclusion that I did nothing wrong."^[21]

Statement on United States involvement in Syria

See also: United States involvement in Syria

In September, 2013, Buchanan released a statement regarding United States involvement in Syria, saying "President Obama made the right decision to seek congressional authorization as he considers launching a military strike against Syria. Serious questions remain as to the wisdom of committing American military might to a civil war in the Middle East where the lines are blurred between friend and foe. The President needs to explain to Congress and the American people why he believes U .S. military involvement is vital to our national security."^[22]

Key votes

See also: Key votes

Ballotpedia monitors legislation that receives a vote and highlights the ones that we consider to be key to understanding where elected officials stand on the issues. To read more about how we identify key votes, click here.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023-2025

The 118th United States Congress began on January 3, 2023, and ended on January 3, 2025. At the start of the session, Republicans held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (222-212), and Democrats held the majority in the U.S. Senate (51-49). Joe Biden (D) was the president and Kamala Harris (D) was the vice president. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023-2025

Vote

Bill and description

Status

Yea

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (H.R. 2670) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 22, 2023, authorizing Department of Defense activities and programs for fiscal year 2024. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.^[23]

Passed (310-118)^[24]

Yea

To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes.

H.R. 185 (To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes.) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to nullify a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) order restricting the entry of foreign citizens to the United States unless the individual was vaccinated against the coronavirus or attested they would take public health measures to prevent the spread of the coronavirus. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[25]

Passed (227-201)^[26]

Yea

Limit, Save, Grow Act of 2023

The Limit, Save, Grow Act of 2023 (H.R. 2811) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to raise the federal debt limit before a June 5, 2023, deadline. The bill also sought to repeal certain green energy tax credits, increase domestic natural gas and oil production, expand work requirements for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) program, and nullify President Joe Biden's (D) proposed student loan debt cancellation program. This bill was not taken up in the Senate, and the debt limit was instead raised through the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[27]

Passed (217-215)^[28]

Yea

Denouncing the horrors of socialism.

H.Con.Res. 9 (Denouncing the horrors of socialism.) was a resolution approved by the House of Representatives denouncing socialism and opposing the implementation of socialist policies in the United States. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[29]

Passed (328-86)^[30]

Yea

Lower Energy Costs Act

The Lower Energy Costs Act (H.R. 1) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to increase domestic energy production and exports by increasing the production of oil, natural gas, and coal, reducing permitting restrictions for pipelines, refineries, and other energy projects, and increase the production of minerals used in electronics, among other energy production-related policies. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[31]

Passed (225-204)^[32]

Yea

Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights".

H.J.Res. 30 (Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights".) was a joint resolution of disapproval under the terms of the Congressional Review Act (CRA) passed by the 118th Congress and vetoed by President Joe Biden (D) on March 20, 2023. This was Biden's first veto of his presidency. The resolution sought to nullify a Department of Labor rule that amended the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) to allow retirement plans to consider certain environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) factors in investment-related decisions. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[33] Click here to read more.

Passed (219-200)^[34]

Yea

Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020.

H.J.Res. 7 (Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020.) was a joint resolution of disapproval under the terms of the Congressional Review Act (CRA) passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on April 10, 2023. The resolution ended the national coronavirus state of emergency, which began on March 13, 2020. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[35] Click here to read more.

Passed (229-197)^[36]

Nay

Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023

The Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 (H.R. 3746) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on June 3, 2023. The bill raised the federal debt limit until January 2025. The bill also capped non-defense spending in fiscal year 2024, rescinded unspent coronavirus relief funding, rescinded some Internal Revenue Service (IRS) funding, enhanced work requirements for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families program (TANF), simplified environmental reviews for energy projects, and ended the student loan debt repayment pause in August 2023. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[37] Click here to read more.

Passed (314-117)^[38]

Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.)

Speaker of the House election (January 2023) - 15th vote

In January 2023, the House of Representatives held its regular election for Speaker of the House at the start of the 118th Congress. Voting began on January 3, and ended on January 7. Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) was elected speaker of the House in a 216-212 vote during the 15th round of voting. In order to elect a Speaker of the House, a majority of votes cast for a person by name was required.^[39] Click here to read more.

Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) (216-212)

Nay

Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant.

H.Res. 757 (Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant.) was a resolution passed by the House of Representatives that removed Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) from his position as Speaker of the House. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[40] Click here to read more.

Passed (216-210)^[41]

Rep. Mike Johnson (R-La.)

Speaker of the House election (October 2023) - 4th vote

In October 2023, following Rep. Kevin McCarthy's (R-Calif.) removal as Speaker of the House, the House of Representatives held another election for the position. Voting began on October 17 and ended on October 25. Rep. Mike Johnson (R-La.) was elected Speaker of the House in a 220-209 vote in the fourth round of voting. In order to elect a Speaker of the House, a majority of votes cast for a person by name was required.^[42] Click here to read more.

Rep. Mike Johnson (R-La.) (220-209)

Yea

Directing certain committees to continue their ongoing investigations as part of the existing House of Representatives inquiry into whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its Constitutional power to impeach Joseph Biden, President of the United States of America, and for other purposes.

H.Res. 918 (Directing certain committees to continue their ongoing investigations as part of the existing House of Representatives inquiry into whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its Constitutional power to impeach Joseph Biden, President of the United States of America, and for other purposes.) was a resolution passed by the House of Representatives that formally authorized an impeachment inquiry into President Joe Biden (D). The inquiry focused on allegations that Biden used his influence as vice president from 2009 to 2017 to improperly profit from his son Hunter Biden's business dealings. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[43] Click here to read more.

Passed (221-212)^[44]

Nay

Providing for the expulsion of Representative George Santos from the United States House of Representatives.

H.Res. 878 (Providing for the expulsion of Representative George Santos from the United States House of Representatives.) was a resolution passed by the House of Representatives that removed Rep. George Santos (R-N.Y.) from office following a House Ethics Committee investigation that determined there was substantial evidence that Santos violated the law during his 2020 and 2022 campaigns. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[45]

Passed (311-114)^[46]

Not Voting

The Social Security Fairness Act of 2023

The Social Security Fairness Act of 2023 (H.R. 82) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on January 5, 2025, that reduced Social Security benefits for individuals who received other pensions from state or local governments. It also eliminated an offset that would reduce benefits for spouses and widows of individuals with government pensions. It also eliminated a provision that reduced benefits for an individual who received a pension or disability benefit from an employer that did not withhold Social Security taxes. This bill required a 2/3rds majority vote to pass.^[47]

Passed (327-75)^[48]

Yea

Secure the Border Act of 2023

The Secure the Border Act of 2023 (H.R. 2) was passed by the U.S. House on May 11, 2024. This bill would have introduced limits to asylum eligibility and required employers to use electronic verification of employee's legal eligibility to work. This bill required a simple majority vote.^[49]

Passed (219-213)^[50]

Yea

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024

The Consolidated Appropriations Act 2024 (H.R. 4366) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on March 9, 2024, authorizing appropriations for various government departments for the fiscal year 2024. The bill required a majority vote to pass.^[51]

Passed (219-211)^[52]

Yea

Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024

The Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024 (H.R. 7024) was a bill passed by the U.S. House on January 31, 2024, that would have modified the U.S. tax code, increasing how much money can be given back in credits and what is exempt. This bill required a 2/3rds majority vote to pass.^[53]

Passed (357-70)^[54]

Yea

Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025

The Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 (H.R. 8070) was passed by the U.S. House on June 14, 2024. The bill would have modified defense spending in the fiscal year 2025. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report. ^[55]

Passed (217-199)^[56]

Yea

Antisemitism Awareness Act of 2023

The Antisemitism Awareness Act of 2023 (H.R. 6090) was passed by the U.S. House on May 1, 2024. This bill made it so the Department of Education's Office of Civil Rights could have the authority to use the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance's definition of antisemitism when investigating cases of discrimination. This bill required a simple majority vote to pass.^[57]

Passed (320-91)^[58]

Yea

FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024

The FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024 (H.R.3935) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on May 16, 2024, that reauthorized Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) funding until fiscal year 2028. The bill also made other modifications to address various department-related issues. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.^[59]

Passed (387-26)^[60]

Yea

Stop Terror-Financing and Tax Penalties on American Hostages Act

The Stop Terror-Financing and Tax Penalties on American Hostages Act (H.R. 9495) was passed by the U.S. House on November 21, 2024. The bill would have postponed U.S. tax deadlines for citizens who were wrongfully detained abroad. This bill required a simple majority to pass.^[61]

Passed (219-184)^[62]

Yea

Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors.

H.Res.863, Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors, passed the U.S. House on February 13, 2024. The resolution impeached U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas (D) for high crimes and misdemeanors. The motion to impeach required a majority in the House and a 2/3rds vote in the Senate.^[63]

Passed (214-213)^[64]

Yea

Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025

H.R.9747, the Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025, was passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on September 26, 2024, providing funding to federal agencies, including the Secret Service, and federal programs for the 2025 fiscal year. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.^[65]

Passed (341-82)^[66]

Key votes: Previous sessions of Congress

Key votes (click "show" to expand or "hide" to contract)

Key votes: 117th Congress, 2021-2023

The 117th United States Congress began on January 3, 2021 and ended on January 3, 2023. At the start of the session, Democrats held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (222-213), and the U.S. Senate had a 50-50 makeup. Democrats assumed control of the Senate on January 20, 2021, when President Joe Biden (D) and Vice President Kamala Harris (D), who acted as a tie-breaking vote in the chamber, assumed office. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 117th Congress, 2021-2023

Vote

Bill and description

Status

Nay

Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act

The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (H.R. 3684) was a federal infrastructure bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on November 15, 2021. Among other provisions, the bill provided funding for new infrastructure projects and reauthorizations, Amtrak maintenance and development, bridge repair, replacement, and rehabilitation, clean drinking water, high-speed internet, and clean energy transmission and power infrastructure upgrades. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[67] Click here to read more.

Passed (228-206)

Nay

American Rescue Plan Act of 2021

The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (H.R. 1319) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on March 11, 2021, to provide economic relief in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Key features of the bill included funding for a national vaccination program and response, funding to safely reopen schools, distribution of $1,400 per person in relief payments, and extended unemployment benefits. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[68] Click here to read more.

Passed (220-210)

Nay

Inflation Reduction Act of 2022

The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (H.R. 5376) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on August 16, 2022, to address climate change, healthcare costs, and tax enforcement. Key features of the bill included a $369 billion investment to address energy security and climate change, an extension of Affordable Care Act subsidies, allowing Medicare to negotiate certain drug prices, a 15% corporate minimum tax, a 1% stock buyback fee, and enhanced Internal Revenue Service (IRS) enforcement, and an estimated $300 billion deficit reduction from 2022-2031. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[69] Click here to read more.

Passed (220-207)

Nay

Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act

The Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act (H.R. 3617) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to decriminalize marijuana, establish studies of legal marijuana sales, tax marijuana imports and production, and establish a process to expunge and review federal marijuana offenses. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[70]

Passed (220-204)

Nay

For the People Act of 2021

The For the People Act of 2021 (H.R. 1) was a federal election law and government ethics bill approved by the House of Representatives. The Congressional Research Service said the bill would "expand voter registration (e.g., automatic and same-day registration) and voting access (e.g., vote-by-mail and early voting). It [would also limit] removing voters from voter rolls. ... Further, the bill [would address] campaign finance, including by expanding the prohibition on campaign spending by foreign nationals, requiring additional disclosure of campaign-related fundraising and spending, requiring additional disclaimers regarding certain political advertising, and establishing an alternative campaign funding system for certain federal offices." The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[71] Click here to read more.

Passed (220-210)

Nay

Assault Weapons Ban of 2022

The Assault Weapons Ban of 2022 (H.R. 1808) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives that sought to criminalize the knowing import, sale, manufacture, transfer, or possession of semiautomatic assault weapons (SAW) or large capacity ammunition feeding devices (LCAFD). The bill made exemptions for grandfathered SAWs and LCAFDs. It required a simple majority vote in the House.^[72]

Passed (217-213)

Yea

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (S. 1605) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 27, 2021, authorizing Department of Defense acitivities and programs for fiscal year 2022. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[73]

Passed (363-70)

Yea

James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023

The James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (H.R. 7776) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 23, 2022, authorizing Department of Defense activities and programs for fiscal year 2023. The bill required a 2/3 majority in the House to suspend rules and pass the bill as amended.^[74]

Passed (350-80)

Nay

American Dream and Promise Act of 2021

The American Dream and Promise Act of 2021 (H.R. 6) was an immigration bill approved by the House of Representatives that proposed a path to permanent residence status for unauthorized immigrants eligible for Temporary Protected Status or Deferred Enforced Departure, among other immigration-related proposals. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[75]

Passed (228-197)

Nay

Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022

The Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022 (S. 3373) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on August 10, 2022, that sought to address healthcare access, the presumption of service-connection, and research, resources, and other matters related to veterans who were exposed to toxic substances during military service. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[76]

Passed (342-88)

Nay

Chips and Science Act

The Chips and Science Act (H.R. 4346) was a bill approved by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on August 9, 2022, which sought to fund domestic production of semiconductors and authorized various federal science agency programs and activities. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[77]

Passed (243-187)

Nay

Women’s Health Protection Act of 2021

The Women's Health Protection Act of 2021 (H.R. 3755) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives. The bill proposed prohibiting governmental restrictions on the provision of and access to abortion services and prohibiting governments from issuing some other abortion-related restrictions. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[78]

Passed (218-211)

Nay

SAFE Banking Act of 2021

The SAFE Banking Act of 2021 (H.R. 1996) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives that proposed prohibiting federal regulators from penalizing banks for providing services to legitimate cannabis-related businesses and defining proceeds from such transactions as not being proceeds from unlawful activity, among other related proposals. Since the House moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill in an expedited process, it required a two-thirds majority vote in the House.^[79]

Passed (321-101)

Nay

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022

The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022 (H.R. 2471) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on March 15, 2022, providing for the funding of federal agencies for the remainder of 2022, providing funding for activities related to Ukraine, and modifying or establishing various programs. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[80]

Passed (260-171)

Nay

Equality Act

The Equality Act (H.R. 5) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that proposed prohibiting discrimination on the basis of sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity in areas including public accommodations and facilities, education, federal funding, employment, housing, credit, and the jury system, among other related proposals. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[81]

Passed (224-206)

Nay

Respect for Marriage Act

The Respect for Marriage Act (H.R. 8404) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 13, 2022. The bill codified the recognition of marriages between individuals of the same sex and of different races, ethnicities, or national origins, and provided that the law would not impact religious liberty or conscience protections, or provide grounds to compel nonprofit religious organizations to recognize same-sex marriages. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[82] Click here to read more.

Passed (258-169)

Nay

Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023

The Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 (H.R. 6833) was a bill approved by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on September 30, 2022. It provided for some fiscal year 2023 appropriations, supplemental funds for Ukraine, and extended several other programs and authorities. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[83]

Passed (230-201)

Nay

Consumer Fuel Price Gouging Prevention Act

The Consumer Fuel Price Gouging Prevention Act (H.R. 7688) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to prohibit individuals from selling consumer fuels at excessive prices during a proclaimed energy emergency. It would have also required the Federal Trade Commission to investigate whether the price of gasoline was being manipulated. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[84]

Passed (217-207)

Yea

Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2021

The Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2021 (H.R. 8) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to prohibit the transfer of firearms between private parties unless a licensed firearm vendor conducted a background check on the recipient. The bill also provided for certain exceptions to this requirement. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[85]

Passed (227-203)

Nay

Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act

The Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act was a federal elections bill approved by the House of Representatives and voted down by the Senate in a failed cloture vote that sought to, among other provisions, make Election Day a public holiday, allow for same-day voter registration, establish minimum early voting periods, and allow absentee voting for any reason, restrict the removal of local election administrators in federal elections, regulate congressional redistricting, expand campaign finance disclosure rules for some organizations, and amend the Voting Rights Act to require some states to obtain clearance from the U.S. Department of Justice before implementing new election laws. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[86] Click here to read more.

Passed (220-203)

Nay

Bipartisan Safer Communities Act

The Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (S. 2938) was a firearm regulation and mental health bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on June 25, 2022. Provisions of the bill included expanding background checks for individuals under the age of 21, providing funding for mental health services, preventing individuals who had been convicted of a domestic violence misdemeanor or felony in dating relationships from purchasing firearms for five years, providing funding for state grants to implement crisis intervention order programs, and providing funding for community-based violence prevention initiatives. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[87] Click here to read more.

Passed (234-193)

Nay

Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors.

This was a resolution before the 117th Congress setting forth an article of impeachment saying that Donald Trump (R) incited an insurrection against the government of the United States on January 6, 2021. The House of Representatives approved the article of impeachment, and the Senate adjudged that Trump was not guilty of the charges. The article of impeachment required a simple majority vote in the House.^[88] Click here to read more.

Passed (232-197)

Nay

Electoral Count Reform and Presidential Transition Improvement Act of 2022

The Electoral Count Reform and Presidential Transition Improvement Act was a bill passed by the 117th Congress in the form of an amendment to a year-end omnibus funding bill that was signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 23, 2022. The bill changed the procedure for counting electoral votes outlined in the Electoral Count Act of 1887. Elements of the bill included specifying that the vice president's role at the joint session of congress to count electoral votes is ministerial, raising the objection threshold at the joint session of congress to count electoral votes to one-fifth of the members of both the House of Representatives and the Senate, identifying governors as the single official responsible for submitting the certificate of ascertainment identifying that state’s electors, and providing for expedited judicial review of certain claims about states' certificates identifying their electors. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[89] Click here to read more.

Passed (225-201)

Key votes: 116th Congress, 2019-2020

Key votes: 115th Congress, 2017-2018

For detailed information about each vote, click here.

Votes on domestic policy (click to expand)

Did not vote on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (Conference report) (HR 2)

Bill Passed (369-47) on December 12, 2018

Proposed providing funding for commodity support, conservation, trade and international food aid, nutrition assistance, farm credit, rural development, research and extension activities, forestry, horticulture, and crop insurance through fiscal year 2023.^[90]

Voted Yea on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (HR 2 (second vote))

Bill Passed (213-211) on June 21, 2018

Proposed providing funding for commodity support, conservation, trade and international food aid, nutrition assistance, farm credit, rural development, research and extension activities, forestry, horticulture, and crop insurance. It also proposed modifying the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, previously known as the food stamp program.^[91]

Voted Yea on: Securing America’s Future Act of 2018 (HR 4760)

Bill Failed (193-231) on June 21, 2018

Proposed funding a border wall, limiting legal immigration, a mandatory worker verification program, allowing DACA recipients to apply for legal status, and preventing separation of families at the border.^[92]

Did not vote on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (HR 2)

Bill Passed (369-47) on December 12, 2018

Reauthorizes through FY2023 and modifies some Department of Agriculture (USDA) programs.^[93]

Voted Yea on: Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act (HR 36)

Bill Passed (237-189) on October 3, 2017

Proposed amending the federal criminal code to make it a crime for any person to perform or attempt to perform an abortion if the probable post-fertilization age of the fetus was 20 weeks or more. The bill provided exceptions for an abortion: (1) that was necessary to save the life of the pregnant woman, or (2) when the pregnancy was the result of rape or incest.^[94]

Voted Yea on: Kate's Law (HR 3004)

Bill Passed (257-167) on June 29, 2017

Proposed increasing criminal penalties for individuals in the country illegally who were convicted of certain crimes, deported, and then re-entered the U.S. illegally.^[95]

Voted Yea on: No Sanctuary for Criminals Act (HR 3003)

Bill Passed (228-195) on June 29, 2017

Proposed withholding federal funds from states and localities that chose not to follow federal immigration laws.^[96]

Voted Yea on: American Health Care Act of 2017 (HR 1628)

Bill passed (217-213) on May 4, 2017

Proposed modifying the budgetary and fiscal provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), also known as Obamacare.^[97]

Votes on economic affairs and regulations (click to expand)

Voted Yea on: Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 (Conference report) (HR 6157)

Bill Passed (361-61) on September 26, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Departments of Defense, Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor, and Education.^[98]

Voted Yea on: Energy and Water, Legislative Branch, and Military Construction and Veterans Affairs Appropriations Act, 2019 (Conference report) (HR 5895)

Bill Passed (377-20) on September 13, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Department of Energy, water resources, the legislative branch, military construction, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, among other programs.^[99]

Voted Yea on: Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 (HR 6157)

Bill Passed (359-49) on June 28, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Departments of Defense, Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor, and Education.^[100]

Voted Yea on: Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2019 (HR 5895)

Bill Passed (235-179) on June 8, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Department of Energy, water resources, the legislative branch, military construction, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, among other programs.^[101]

Voted Yea on: Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (S 2155)

Bill Passed (258-159) on May 22, 2018

Proposed exempting some banks from the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act^[102]

Voted Yea on: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1625)

Bill Passed (256-167) on March 22, 2018

Proposed providing appropriations for fiscal year 2018, and for other purposes.^[103]

Voted Yea on: The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (HR 1892)

Bill Passed (240-186) on February 9, 2018

Proposed providing appropriations through March 23, 2018.^[104]

Voted Yea on: Further Extension Of Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1892)

Bill Passed (245-182) on February 6, 2018

Proposed providing appropriations through March 23, 2018.^[105]

Voted Yea on: Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, and for other purposes. (HR 195)

Bill Passed (266-150) on January 22, 2018

Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through February 8, 2018.^[106]

Voted Yea on: Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, and for other purposes. (HR 195)

Bill Passed (230-197) on January 18, 2018

Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through February 16, 2018.^[107]

Voted Yea on: Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1370)

Bill Passed (231-188) on December 21, 2017

Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through January 19, 2018.^[108]

Voted Yea on: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (HR 1)

Bill Passed (227-203) on December 19, 2017

Proposed providing for reconciliation pursuant to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018.^[109]

Voted Yea on: Making further continuing appropriations for fiscal year 2018, and for other purposes (HJ Res 123)

Bill Passed (235-193) on December 7, 2017

Proposed funding the government until December 22, 2017.^[110]

Voted Yea on: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (HR 1)

Bill Passed (227-205) on November 16, 2017

Proposed amending the Internal Revenue Code to reduce tax rates and modify policies, credits, and deductions for individuals and businesses.^[111]

Voted Yea on: Establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2018 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2019 through 2027. (H Con Res 71)

Bill Passed (216-212) on October 26, 2017

Proposed establishing the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2018 and setting forth budgetary levels for FY2019-FY2027. (This bill proposed adopting the Senate's budget resolution.)^[112]

Voted Yea on: Establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2018 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2019 through 2027. (H Con Res 71)

Bill Passed (219-206) on October 5, 2017

Proposed establishing the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2018 and setting forth budgetary levels for FY2019-FY2027.^[113]

Voted Yea on: Make America Secure and Prosperous Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 3354)

Bill Passed (211-198) on September 14, 2017

Proposed providing FY2018 appropriations for the federal government. It combined 12 appropriations bills.^[114]

Did not vote on: Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2017 (Included amendments to suspend the debt ceiling and fund the government) (HR 601)

Bill Passed (316-90) on September 8, 2017

Proposed suspending the debt ceiling and funding the government until December 8, 2017, and providing funding for Hurricanes Harvey and Irma relief efforts.^[115]

Voted Yea on: Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2017 (HR 601)

Bill Passed (419-3) on September 6, 2017

Proposed providing $7.85 billion for disaster relief requirements, including response and recovery efforts from Hurricane Harvey.^[116]

Voted Yea on: Financial CHOICE Act of 2017 (HR 10)

Bill passed (233-186) on June 8, 2017

Proposed amending the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, among other acts.^[117]

Voted Yea on: Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2017 (HR 244)

Bill passed (309-118) on May 3, 2017

Proposed a $1.2 trillion budget to fund the government through the end of the fiscal year on September 30, 2017.^[118]

Votes on foreign policy and national security issues (click to expand)

Voted Yea on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (HR 5515)

Bill Passed (351-66) on May 24, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities^[119]

Voted Yea on: Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 695)

Bill Passed (250-166) on January 30, 2018

Proposed providing appropriations for military functions administered by the Department of Defense and for other purposes, for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018.^[120]

Voted Yea on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018—Conference report (HR 2810)

Bill Passed (356-70) on November 14, 2017

Proposed authorizing FY2018 appropriations and setting forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths.^[121]

Voted Yea on: Make America Secure Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 3219)

Bill Passed (235-192) on July 27, 2017

Proposed making appropriations for defense, military construction, Veterans Affairs, the Legislative Branch, energy and water development, and for other purposes for the fiscal year ending on September 30, 2018.^[122]

Voted Yea on: Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (HR 3364)

Bill Passed (419-3) on July 25, 2017

Proposed providing congressional review and measures to counter aggression by the governments of Iran, the Russian Federation, and North Korea, and for other purposes.^[123]

Voted Yea on: Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 3180, second vote)

Bill Passed (380-35) on July 28, 2017

Proposed authorizing appropriations for fiscal year 2018 for intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the United States Government, the Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes.^[124]

Voted Yea on: Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 3180)

Bill Failed (241-163) on July 24, 2017

Proposed authorizing appropriations for fiscal year 2018 for intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the United States Government, the Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes.^[125]

Voted Yea on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 2810)

Bill Passed (344-81) on July 14, 2017

Proposed authorizing fiscal year 2018 appropriations and setting forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths. It did not provide budget authority.^[126]

Voted Yea on: Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2017 (HR 1301)

Bill passed (371-48) on March 8, 2017

The $577.9 billion fiscal year 2017 defense spending bill proposed $516.1 billion in base budget funding and $61.8 billion for Overseas Contingency Operations/ Global War on Terrorism funding.^[127]

114th Congress

The first session of the 114th Congress enacted into law six out of the 2,616 introduced bills (0.2 percent). Comparatively, the 113th Congress had 1.3 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the first session. In the second session, the 114th Congress enacted 133 out of 3,159 introduced bills (4.2 percent). Comparatively, the 113th Congress had 7.0 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.^[128]^[129] For more information pertaining to Buchanan's voting record in the 114th Congress, please see the below sections.^[130]

Economic and fiscal

Trade Act of 2015

See also: The Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal, 2015

Trade adjustment assistance
On June 12, 2015, the House rejected the trade adjustment assistance (TAA) measure in HR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015—by a vote of 126-302. Trade adjustment assistance (TAA) is a federal program providing American workers displaced by foreign trade agreements with job training and services. The measure was packaged with trade promotion authority (TPA), also known as fast-track authority. TPA is a legislative procedure that allows Congress to define "U.S. negotiating objectives and spells out a detailed oversight and consultation process for during trade negotiations. Under TPA, Congress retains the authority to review and decide whether any proposed U.S. trade agreement will be implemented," according to the Office of the United States Trade Representative. Buchanan was one of 158 Republicans to vote against TAA.^[131]^[132]
Trade promotion authority
On June 12, 2015, the House passed the trade promotion authority (TPA) measure in HR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015 —by a vote of 219-211. TPA gives the president fast-track authority to negotiate trade agreements sent to Congress without the opportunity for amendment or filibuster. Although the House approved TPA, it was a largely symbolic vote given the measure was part of a package trade bill including trade adjustment assistance (TAA), which was rejected earlier the same day. Buchanan was one of 191 Republicans to support the measure.^[133]^[134]
Trade promotion authority second vote
After the trade adjustment assistance (TAA) and trade promotion authority (TPA) did not pass the House together on June 12, 2015, representatives voted to authorize TPA alone as an amendment to HR 2146—the Defending Public Safety Employees' Retirement Act—on June 18, 2015. The amendment passed by a vote of 218-208, with all voting members of the House maintaining their original positions on TPA except for Ted Yoho (R-Fla.). Buchanan was one of 190 Republicans to vote in favor of the amendment.^[135]^[136]
Trade adjustment assistance second vote
The House passed HR 1295—the Trade Preferences Extension Act of 2015—on June 25, 2015, by a vote of 286-138. The Senate packaged trade adjustment assistance (TAA) in this bill after the House rejected the TAA measure in HR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015. Along with trade promotion authority (TPA), which Congress passed as part of HR 2146—the Defending Public Safety Employees' Retirement Act—TAA became law on June 29, 2015. Buchanan was one of 132 Republicans to vote against HR 1295.^[137]^[138]

Defense spending authorization

On May 15, 2015, the House passed HR 1735—the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016—by a vote of 269-151. The bill "authorizes FY2016 appropriations and sets forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths. It does not provide budget authority, which is provided in subsequent appropriations legislation." Buchanan voted with 227 other Republicans and 41 Democrats to approve the bill.^[139] The Senate passed the bill on June 18, 2015, by a vote of 71-25. President Barack Obama vetoed the bill on October 22, 2015.^[140]

On November 5, 2015, the House passed S 1356—the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016—by a vote of 370-58. The second version of the $607 billion national defense bill included $5 billion in cuts to match what was approved in the budget and language preventing the closure of the Guantanamo Bay military prison.^[141]^[142] Buchanan voted with 234 other Republicans and 135 Democrats to approve the bill.^[143] On November 10, 2015, the Senate passed the bill by a vote of 91-3, and President Barack Obama signed it into law on November 25, 2015.^[144]

2016 Budget proposal

On April 30, 2015, the House voted to approve SConRes11, a congressional budget proposal for fiscal year 2016, by a vote of 226-197. The non-binding resolution was designed to create 12 appropriations bills to fund the government. All 183 Democrats who voted, voted against the resolution. Buchanan voted with 225 other Republicans to approve the bill.^[145]^[146]^[147]

2015 budget

On October 28, 2015, the House passed HR 1314—the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015—by a vote of 266-167. The bill increased military and domestic spending levels and suspended the debt ceiling until March 2017.^[148] Buchanan voted with 78 Republicans and 187 Democrats in favor of the bill.^[149] It passed the Senate on October 30, 2015.^[150] President Barack Obama signed it into law on November 2, 2015.

Foreign Affairs

Iran nuclear deal

See also: Iran nuclear agreement, 2015

On May 14, 2015, the House approved HR 1191—the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015—by a vote of 400-25. The bill required President Barack Obama to submit the details of the nuclear deal with Iran for congressional review. Congress had 60 days to review the deal and vote to approve, disapprove, or take no action on the deal. During the review period, sanctions on Iran could not be lifted. Buchanan voted with 222 other Republican representatives to approve the bill.^[151]^[152]

Approval of Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
On September 11, 2015, the House rejected HR 3461—To approve the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, signed at Vienna on July 14, 2015, relating to the nuclear program of Iran—by a vote of 162-269. The legislation proposed approving the nuclear agreement with Iran. Buchanan voted with 243 Republicans and 25 Democrats against the bill.^[153]^[154]

Suspension of Iran sanctions relief
On September 11, 2015, the House approved HR 3460—To suspend until January 21, 2017, the authority of the President to waive, suspend, reduce, provide relief from, or otherwise limit the application of sanctions pursuant to an agreement related to the nuclear program of Iran—by a vote of 247-186. HR 3460 prohibited "the President, prior to January 21, 2017, from: limiting the application of specified sanctions on Iran or refraining from applying any such sanctions; or removing a foreign person (including entities) listed in Attachments 3 or 4 to Annex II of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPA) from the list of designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Asset Control of the Department of the Treasury." Buchanan voted with 244 Republicans and two Democrats for the bill.^[155]^[156]

Presidential non-compliance of section 2
On September 10, 2015, the House passed H Res 411—Finding that the President has not complied with section 2 of the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015—by a vote of 245-186. Section 2 of the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015 required the president to submit all materials related to the nuclear agreement for congressional review. House Republicans introduced the resolution because two agreements between the International Atomic Energy Agency and Iran were not submitted to Congress. Buchanan voted with 244 Republicans for the resolution.^[157]^[158]

Export-Import Bank

On October 27, 2015, the House passed HR 597—the Export-Import Bank Reform and Reauthorization Act of 2015—by a vote of 313-118. The bill proposed reauthorizing the Export-Import Bank and allowing it to resume offering assistance in the form of loans and insurance to foreign companies that wanted to buy U.S. goods.^[159] Buchanan voted with 126 Republicans and 186 Democrats in favor of the bill.^[160]

Domestic

USA FREEDOM Act of 2015

On May 13, 2015, the House passed HR 2048—the Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015 or the USA FREEDOM Act of 2015—by a vote of 338-88. The legislation revised HR 3199—the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005—by ending the bulk collection of metadata under Sec. 215 of the act, requiring increased reporting from the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court, and requiring the use of "a specific selection term as the basis for national security letters that request information from wire or electronic communication service providers, financial institutions, or consumer reporting agencies." Buchanan voted with 195 Republicans and 142 Democrats to approve the legislation. It became law on June 2, 2015.^[161]^[162]

Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act

On May 13, 2015, the House passed HR 36—the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act—by a vote of 242-184. The bill proposed prohibiting abortions from being performed after a fetus was determined to be 20 weeks or older. The bill proposed exceptions in cases of rape, incest, or to save the life of the mother. Buchanan voted with 237 Republicans in favor of the bill.^[163]^[164]

Cyber security

On April 23, 2015, the House passed HR 1731—the National Cybersecurity Protection Advancement Act of 2015—by a vote of 355-63. The bill proposed creating an information sharing program that would allow federal agencies and private entities to share information about cyber threats. It also proposed including liability protections for companies.^[165] Buchanan voted with 219 Republicans and 135 Democrats to approve the bill.^[166]

On April 22, 2015, the House passed HR 1560—the Protecting Cyber Networks Act—by a vote of 307-116.^[167] The bill proposed procedures that would allow federal agencies and private entities to share information about cyber threats. Buchanan voted with 36 Republicans and 79 Democrats against the bill.^[168]

Immigration

On November 19, 2015, the House passed HR 4038—the American SAFE Act of 2015—by a vote of 289-137.^[169] The bill proposed instituting additional screening processes for refugees from Iraq and Syria who applied for admission to the U.S. Buchanan voted with 241 Republicans and 47 Democrats in favor of the bill.^[170]

113th Congress

The second session of the 113th Congress enacted into law 224 out of the 3215 introduced bills (7 percent). Comparatively, the 112th Congress had 4.2 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.^[171] For more information pertaining to Buchanan's voting record in the 113th Congress, please see the below sections.^[172]

National security

DHS Appropriations

Buchanan voted in favor of HR 2217 - the DHS Appropriations Act of 2014. The bill passed the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 245 - 182 and was largely along party lines.^[173]

Keystone Pipeline Amendment

Buchanan voted against House Amendment 69, which would have amended HR 3 to "require that the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, in consultation with the Department of Homeland Security, conduct a study of the vulnerabilities of the Keystone XL pipeline to a terrorist attack and certify that necessary protections have been put in place." The amendment failed on May 22, 2013, with a vote of 176 - 239 and was largely along party lines.^[173]

CISPA (2013)

Buchanan voted in favor of HR 624 - the CISPA (2013). The bill passed the House on April 18, 2013, with a vote of 288 - 127. The bill permitted federal intelligence agencies to share cybersecurity intelligence and information with private entities and utilities.^[174] The bill was largely supported by Republicans, but divided the Democratic Party.^[173]

NDAA

Buchanan voted in favor of HR 1960 - the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014. The bill passed the House on June 14, 2013, with a vote of 315 - 108. Both parties were somewhat divided on the vote.^[173]

Economy

Farm bill

On January 29, 2014, the U.S. House approved the Federal Agriculture Reform and Risk Management Act of 2013, H.R. 2642, also known as the Farm Bill.^[175] The bill passed by a vote of 251-166. The nearly 1,000-page bill reformed and continued various programs of the Department of Agriculture through 2018. The $1 trillion bill expanded crop insurance for farmers by $7 billion over the next decade and created new subsidies for rice and peanut growers that would kick in when prices drop.^[176]^[177] It also cut the food stamp program an average of $90 per month for 1.7 million people in 15 states.^[177] Buchanan voted with 161 other Republican representatives in favor of the bill.

2014 Budget

On January 15, 2014, the Republican-run House approved H.R. 3547, a $1.1 trillion spending bill to fund the government through September 30, 2014.^[178]^[179] The House voted 359-67 for the 1,582 page bill, with 64 Republicans and 3 Democrats voting against the bill.^[179] The omnibus package included 12 annual spending bills to fund federal operations.^[180] It included a 1% increase in the paychecks of federal workers and military personnel, a $1 billion increase in Head Start funding for early childhood education, reduced funding to the Internal Revenue Service and the Environmental Protection Agency and left the Affordable Care Act without any drastic cuts. Buchanan did not vote on the bill.^[178]^[179]

Government shutdown

See also: United States budget debate, 2013

On September 30, 2013, the House passed a final stopgap spending bill before the shutdown went into effect. The bill included a one-year delay of the Affordable Care Act's individual mandate and would have also stripped the bill of federal subsidies for congressional members and staff. It passed through the House with a vote of 228-201.^[181] At 1 a.m. on October 1, 2013, one hour after the shutdown officially began, the House voted to move forward with going to a conference. In short order, Sen. Harry Reid rejected the call to conference.^[182] Buchanan voted to approve the stopgap spending bill that would have delayed the individual mandate.^[183]

The shutdown ended on October 16, 2013, when the House took a vote on HR 2775 after it was approved by the Senate. The bill to reopen the government lifted the $16.7 trillion debt limit and funded the government through January 15, 2014. Federal employees also received retroactive pay for the shutdown period. The only concession made by Senate Democrats was to require income verification for Obamacare subsidies.^[184] The House passed the legislation shortly after the Senate, by a vote of 285-144, with all 144 votes against the legislation coming from Republican members. Buchanan voted for HR 2775.^[185]

Pay during government shutdown

See also: United States budget debate, 2013

Buchanan declined to accept his salary while the government was shutdown.^[186]

"No small business would pay someone who refuses to do their job,” Buchanan said in a statement on October 1, 2013. “So why should Senators or House members be paid for failing to fulfill one of their most basic responsibilities? They shouldn’t.”^[187]

Immigration

Morton Memos Prohibition

Buchanan voted in favor of House Amendment 136 - Prohibits the Enforcement of the Immigration Executive Order. The amendment was adopted by the House on June 6, 2013, with a vote of 224 - 201. The purpose of the amendment as stated on the official text is to "prohibit the use of funds to finalize, implement, administer, or enforce the Morton Memos." These memos would have granted administrative amnesty to certain individuals residing in the United States without legal status. The vote largely followed party lines.^[173]

Healthcare

Healthcare Reform Rules

Buchanan did not vote on House Amendment 450 - Requires Congressional Approval for Any Rules Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The amendment was adopted by the House on August 2, 2013, with a vote of 227-185. The amendment requires all changes to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act be approved by Congress before taking effect. The vote was largely along party lines.^[173]

Keep the IRS Off Your Healthcare Act

Buchanan voted in favor of HR 2009 - Keep the IRS Off Your Healthcare Act of 2013. The bill passed through the House on August 2, 2013, with a vote of 232-185. The bill would prevent the IRS and Treasury Secretary from enforcing the powers provided to them in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. The vote largely followed party lines.^[173]

Social issues

Amash amendment

Buchanan voted in favor of House Amendment 413 - Prohibits the National Security Agency from Collecting Records Under the Patriot Act. The amendment failed on July 4, 2013, by a vote of 205-217. The amendment would have prohibited the collection of records by the National Security Agency under the Patriot Act. Both parties were split on the vote.^[173]

Government affairs

HR 676

See also: Boehner's lawsuit against the Obama administration

On July 30, 2014, the U.S. House approved a resolution 225 to 201 to sue President Barack Obama for exceeding his constitutional authority. Five Republicans—Thomas Massie of Kentucky, Paul Broun of Georgia, Scott Garrett of New Jersey, Walter Jones of North Carolina and Steve Stockman of Texas—voted with Democrats against the lawsuit.^[188] Buchanan joined the other 224 Republicans in favor of the lawsuit. All Democrats voted against the resolution.^[189]^[190]

Previous congressional sessions

Fiscal Cliff

Buchanan voted for the fiscal cliff compromise bill, which made permanent most of the Bush tax cuts originally passed in 2001 and 2003 while also raising tax rates on the highest income levels. He was 1 of 85 Republicans that voted in favor of the bill. The bill was passed in the House by a 257 - 167 vote on January 1, 2013.^[191]

Personal Gain Index

See also: Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)

The Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress) is a two-part measurement that illustrates the extent to which members of the U.S. Congress have prospered during their tenure as public servants.
It consists of two different metrics:

PGI: Change in net worth

See also: Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index) and Net worth of United States Senators and Representatives

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Buchanan's net worth as of 2012 was estimated between $-58,149,853 and $235,753,986. That averages to $88,802,066.50, which is higher than the average net worth of Republican representatives in 2012 of $6,956,438.47. Buchanan ranked as the 6th most wealthy representative in 2012.^[192] Between 2006 and 2012, Buchanan's calculated net worth^[193] decreased by an average of 10 percent per year. Between 2004 and 2012, the average annual percentage increase for a member of Congress was 15.4 percent.^[194]

Vern Buchanan Yearly Net Worth
Year	Average Net Worth
2006	$218,314,322
2012	$88,802,066
Growth from 2006 to 2012:	−59%
Average annual growth:	−10%^[195]
Comparatively, the American citizen experienced a median yearly decline in net worth of -0.94%.^[196]

The data used to calculate changes in net worth may include changes resulting from assets gained through marriage, inheritance, changes in family estates and/or trusts, changes in family business ownership, and many other variables unrelated to a member's behavior in Congress.

PGI: Donation Concentration Metric

See also: The Donation Concentration Metric (U.S. Congress Personal Gain Index)

Filings required by the Federal Election Commission report on the industries that give to each candidate. Using campaign filings and information calculated by OpenSecrets.org, Ballotpedia calculated the percentage of donations by industry received by each incumbent over the course of his or her career (or 1989 and later, if elected prior to 1988). Buchanan received the most donations from individuals and PACs employed by the Real Estate industry.

From 2005-2014, 19.41 percent of Buchanan's career contributions came from the top five industries as listed below.^[197]

Vern Buchanan Campaign Contributions
Total Raised	$18,241,062
Total Spent	$16,622,766
Top five industries that contributed to campaign committee
Real Estate	$926,535
Health Professionals	$886,677
Retired	$786,025
Automotive	$545,460
Leadership PACs	$395,326
% total in top industry	5.08%
% total in top two industries	9.94%
% total in top five industries	19.41%

Analysis

Ideology and leadership

See also: GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking

Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by GovTrack, Buchanan was a "rank-and-file Republican," as of July 23, 2014. This was the same rating Buchanan received in June 2013.^[198]

Like-minded colleagues

The website OpenCongress tracks the voting records of each member to determine with whom he or she votes most and least often. The results include a member from each party.^[199]

Buchanan most often votes with:

Buchanan least often votes with:

Lifetime voting record

See also: Lifetime voting records of United States Senators and Representatives

According to the website GovTrack, Vern Buchanan missed 168 of 6,846 roll call votes from January 2007 to September 2015. This amounted to 2.5 percent, which was higher than the median of 2.2 percent among representatives as of September 2015.^[200]

Congressional staff salaries

See also: Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives

The website Legistorm compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. Buchanan paid his congressional staff a total of $937,104 in 2011. He ranked 144th on the list of the lowest paid Republican representative staff salaries and ranked 188th overall of the lowest paid representative staff salaries in 2011. Overall, Florida ranked 36th in average salary for representative staff. The average U.S. House of Representatives congressional staff was paid $954,912.20 in fiscal year 2011.^[201]

National Journal vote ratings

See also: National Journal vote ratings

Each year National Journal publishes an analysis of how liberally or conservatively each member of Congress voted in the previous year.

2013

Buchanan ranked 167th in the conservative rankings in 2013.^[202]

2012

Buchanan ranked 185th in the conservative rankings in 2012.^[203]

2011

Buchanan ranked 165th in the conservative rankings in 2011.^[204]

Voting with party

The website OpenCongress tracks how often members of Congress vote with the majority of the chamber caucus.

2014

Buchanan voted with the Republican Party 92.3 percent of the time, which ranked 180th among the 234 House Republican members as of July 2014.Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; invalid names, e.g. too many

2013

Buchanan voted with the Republican Party 95.7 percent of the time, which ranked 134th among the 233 House Republican members as of June 2013.Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; invalid names, e.g. too many

External links

Search Google News for this topic

Candidate

U.S. House Florida District 16

Website

Facebook

Officeholder

U.S. House Florida District 16

Personal

Footnotes

Political offices
Preceded by -	U.S. House Florida District 16 2013-Present	Succeeded by -
Preceded by -	U.S. House Florida District 13 2007-2013	Succeeded by C.W. Bill Young (R)

[show]

Florida's current delegation to the United States Congress

Senators

Ashley Moody (R)

Rick Scott (R)

Representatives

District 1

Jimmy Patronis (R)

District 2

Neal Dunn (R)

District 3

Kat Cammack (R)

District 4

Aaron Bean (R)

District 5

John Rutherford (R)

District 6

Randy Fine (R)

District 7

Cory Mills (R)

District 8

Mike Haridopolos (R)

District 9

Darren Soto (D)

District 10

Maxwell Frost (D)

District 11

Daniel Webster (R)

District 12

Gus Bilirakis (R)

District 13

Anna Luna (R)

District 14

Kathy Castor (D)

District 15

Laurel Lee (R)

District 16

Vern Buchanan (R)

District 17

Greg Steube (R)

District 18

Scott Franklin (R)

District 19

Byron Donalds (R)

District 20

Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick (D)

District 21

Brian Mast (R)

District 22

Lois Frankel (D)

District 23

Jared Moskowitz (D)

District 24

Frederica Wilson (D)

District 25

Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D)

District 26

Mario Diaz-Balart (R)

District 27

Maria Elvira Salazar (R)

District 28

Carlos Gimenez (R)

Republican Party (22)

Democratic Party (8)

[1] United States Congress, "BUCHANAN, Vernon G.," accessed May 20, 2025

[2] LinkedIn, "Vern Buchanan," accessed October 9, 2025

[3] U.S. House Clerk, "Official Alphabetical List of the House of Representatives of the United States One Hundred Fifteenth Congress," accessed February 2, 2017

[4] U.S. House of Representatives, Office of the Clerk, "Committee Information," accessed February 19, 2015

[5] CQ.com, "House Committee Rosters for the 113th Congress," accessed March 3, 2013

[6] U.S. House of Representatives, "Committee Assignments," accessed March 29, 2014

[biography-7] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named biography

[list16-8] Florida Department of State, "Candidate Listing for 2016 General Election," accessed June 25, 2016

[primaryresults16-9] Politico, " Florida House Races Results," August 30, 2016

[10] U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013

[11] U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013

[12] U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013

[buchananthemes-13] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named buchananthemes

[quotedisclaimer-14] 14.0 ^14.1 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.

[15] Campaign website, "Issues," accessed August 10, 2012

[16] Bradenton Herald, "Fully vaccinated Rep. Buchanan urges safety measures after testing positive for COVID," July 19, 2021

[17] House Ethics Committee, "Statement of the Chairman and Ranking Member of the Committee on Ethics Regarding Representative Vernon G. Buchanan," accessed July 11, 2012

[18] Office of Congressional Conduct, "OCE Referral Regarding Rep. Vern Buchanan," accessed May 20, 2025

[19] Federal Election Commission, "FEC v. Kazran," accessed May 20, 2025

[20] Office of Congressional Conduct, "OCE Referral Regarding Rep. Vern Buchanan," accessed May 20, 2025

[21] Politico, "House Ethics Committee finds no wrongdoing by Rep. Buchanan," accessed May 20, 2025

[syria-22] First Coast News, "Florida Senators react to Syria debate," accessed September 2, 2013

[23] Congress.gov, "H.R.2670 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024," accessed February 23, 2024

[24] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 723," December 14, 2023

[25] Congress.gov, "H.R.185 - To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes." accessed February 23, 2024

[26] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 116," accessed May 15, 2025

[27] Congress.gov, "H.R.2811 - Limit, Save, Grow Act of 2023," accessed February 23, 2024

[28] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 199," accessed May 15, 2025

[29] Congress.gov, "H.Con.Res.9 - Denouncing the horrors of socialism." accessed February 23, 2024

[30] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 106," accessed May 15, 2025

[31] Congress.gov, "H.R.1 - Lower Energy Costs Act," accessed February 23, 2024

[32] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 182," accessed May 15, 2025

[33] Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.30 - Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to 'Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights'." accessed February 23, 2024

[34] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 149," accessed May 15, 2025

[35] Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.7 - Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020." accessed February 23, 2024

[36] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 104," accessed May 15, 2025

[37] Congress.gov, "H.R.3746 - Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023," accessed February 23, 2024

[38] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 243," accessed May 15, 2025

[39] Congress.gov, "Roll Call 20," accessed February 23, 2024

[40] Congress.gov, "H.Res.757 - Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant.," accessed February 23, 2024

[41] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 519," accessed May 15, 2025

[42] Congress.gov, "Roll Call 527," accessed February 23, 2024

[43] Congress.gov, "H.Res.757 - Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant." accessed February 23, 2024

[44] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 519," accessed May 15, 2025

[45] Congress.gov, "H.Res.878 - Providing for the expulsion of Representative George Santos from the United States House of Representatives." accessed February 23, 2024

[46] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 691," accessed May 15, 2025

[47] Congress.gov, "Social Security Fairness Act of 2023." accessed February 13, 2025

[48] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 456," accessed May 15, 2025

[49] Congress.gov, "H.R.2 - Secure the Border Act of 2023," accessed February 13, 2025

[50] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 209," accessed May 15, 2025

[51] Congress.gov, "H.R.4366 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024," accessed February 13, 2025

[52] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 380," accessed May 15, 2025

[53] Congress.gov, "Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024," accessed February 23, 2024

[54] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 30," accessed May 15, 2025

[55] Congress.gov, "H.R.8070 - Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025," accessed February 18, 2025

[56] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 279," accessed May 15, 2025

[57] Congress.gov, "H.R.6090 - Antisemitism Awareness Act of 2023," accessed February 13, 2025

[58] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 172," accessed May 15, 2025

[59] Congress.gov, "H.R.3935 - FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024," accessed February 13, 2025

[60] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 200," accessed May 15, 2025

[61] Congress.gov, "H.R.9495 - Stop Terror-Financing and Tax Penalties on American Hostages Act," accessed February 13, 2025

[62] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 477," accessed May 15, 2025

[63] Congress.gov, "H.Res.863 - Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors." accessed February 13, 2025

[64] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 43," accessed May 15, 2025

[65] Congress.gov, "H.R.9747 - Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025," accessed February 13, 2025

[66] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 450," accessed May 15, 2025

[67] Congress.gov, "H.R.3684 - Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act," accessed April 15, 2022

[68] Congress.gov, "H.R.1319 - American Rescue Plan Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022

[69] Congress.gov, "H.R.5376 - Inflation Reduction Act of 2022," accessed January 20, 2023

[70] Congress.gov, "H.R.3617 - Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act," accessed January 20, 2023

[71] Congress.gov, "H.R.1 - For the People Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022

[72] Congress.gov, "H.R.1808 - Assault Weapons Ban of 2022," accessed January 20, 2023

[73] Congress.gov, "S.1605 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022," accessed April 15, 2022

[74] Congress.gov, "H.R.7776 - James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023," accessed January 20, 2023

[75] Congress.gov, "H.R.6 - American Dream and Promise Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022

[76] Congress.gov, "S.3373 - Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022," accessed January 20, 2023

[77] Congress.gov, "H.R.4346 - Chips and Science Act," accessed January 20, 2023

[78] Congress.gov, "H.R.3755 - Women's Health Protection Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022

[79] Congress.gov, "H.R.1996 - SAFE Banking Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022

[80] Congress.gov, "H.R.2471 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022," accessed January 20, 2023

[81] Congress.gov, "H.R.5 - Equality Act," accessed April 15, 2022

[82] Congress.gov, "H.R.8404 - Respect for Marriage Act," accessed January 20, 2023

[83] Congress.gov, "H.R.6833 - Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023," accessed January 20, 2023

[84] Congress.gov, "H.R.7688 - Consumer Fuel Price Gouging Prevention Act," accessed January 20, 2023

[85] Congress.gov, "H.R.8 - Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2021," accessed January 20, 2023

[86] Congress.gov, "H.R.5746 - Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act," accessed January 20, 2023

[87] Congress.gov, "S.2938 - Bipartisan Safer Communities Act," accessed January 20, 2023

[88] Congress.gov, "H.Res.24 - Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors.," accessed April 15, 2022

[89] Congress.gov, "H.R.2617 - Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023," accessed January 20, 2023

[90] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 434," accessed December 13, 2018

[91] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 284," June 21, 2018

[92] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 282," June 21, 2018

[93] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 434," accessed March 12, 2019

[94] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 549," October 3, 2017

[95] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 344," June 29, 2017

[96] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 342," June 29, 2017

[97] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 256," May 4, 2017

[98] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 405," September 26, 2018

[99] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 399," September 13, 2018

[100] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 313," June 28, 2018

[101] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 257," June 8, 2018

[102] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 216," May 22, 2018

[103] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 127," March 22, 2018

[104] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 69," February 9, 2018

[105] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 60," February 6, 2018

[106] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 44," January 22, 2018

[107] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 33," January 18, 2018

[108] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 708," December 21, 2017

[109] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 692," December 19, 2017

[110] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 670," December 7, 2017

[111] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 637," November 16, 2017

[112] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 589," October 26, 2017

[113] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 557," October 5, 2017

[114] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 528," September 14, 2017

[115] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 480," September 8, 2017

[116] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 441," September 6, 2017

[117] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 299," June 8, 2017

[118] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 249," May 3, 2017

[119] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 230," May 24, 2018

[120] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 49," January 30, 2018

[121] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 631," November 14, 2017

[122] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 435," July 27, 2017

[123] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 413," July 25, 2017

[124] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 437," July 28, 2017

[125] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 407," July 24, 2017

[126] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 378," July 14, 2017

[127] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 136," March 8, 2017

[128] Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 113th Congress," accessed April 29, 2015

[129] Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 114th Congress," accessed January 5, 2017

[130] Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the One Hundred Fourteenth Congress," April 13, 2015

[131] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 361," June 12, 2015

[132] Roll Call, "Deadline for TAA Do-Over Vote Extended to July 30 (Updated)," June 15, 2015

[133] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 362," June 12, 2015

[134] Roll Call, "Deadline for TAA Do-Over Vote Extended to July 30 (Updated)," June 15, 2015

[135] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 374," June 18, 2015

[136] Politico, "Trade turnaround: House backs new power for Obama," June 18, 2015

[137] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 388," June 24, 2015

[138] The Hill, "Obama signs trade bills," June 29, 2015

[139] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 239," accessed May 27, 2015

[140] Congress.gov, "H.R. 1735," accessed May 27, 2015

[141] The Hill, "Redone defense policy bill sails through House," accessed November 12, 2015

[142] Congress.gov, "S. 1356," accessed November 12, 2015

[143] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 618," accessed November 12, 2015

[144] Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to S. 1356)," accessed November 12, 2015

[145] Congress.gov, "S.Con.Res.11," accessed May 5, 2015

[146] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 183," accessed May 5, 2015

[147] The Hill, "Republicans pass a budget, flexing power of majority," accessed May 5, 2015

[148] Congress.gov, "HR 1314 - Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015," accessed November 1, 2015

[149] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 579," accessed November 1, 2015

[150] Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1314)," accessed November 1, 2015

[151] Congress.gov, "H.R.1191 - Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015," accessed May 16, 2015

[152] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 226," accessed May 16, 2015

[153] Congress.gov, "HR 3461," accessed September 11, 2015

[154] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 493," accessed September 11, 2015

[155] Congress.gov, "HR 3460," accessed September 10, 2015

[156] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 494," accessed September 11, 2015

[157] Congress.gov, "H Res 411," accessed September 10, 2015

[rc492-158] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 492," accessed September 10, 2015

[159] Congress.gov, "HR 597," accessed November 2, 2015

[160] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 576," accessed November 2, 2015

[161] Congress.gov, "H.R.2048," accessed May 26, 2015

[162] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 224," accessed May 26, 2015

[163] Congress.gov, "HR 36 - the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act," accessed May 16, 2015

[164] Clerk.House.gov, "HR 36," accessed May 16, 2015

[165] Congress.gov, "HR 1731," accessed November 2, 2015

[166] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 173," accessed November 2, 2015

[167] Congress.gov, "HR 1560 - Protecting Cyber Networks Act," accessed November 1, 2015

[168] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 170," accessed November 1, 2015

[169] Congress.gov, "HR 4038 - the American SAFE Act of 2015," accessed November 20, 2015

[170] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 643," accessed November 20, 2015

[171] Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 112th Congress," accessed September 5, 2013

[172] Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 113th Congress," accessed March 4, 2014

[votes-173] 173.0 ^173.1 ^173.2 ^173.3 ^173.4 ^173.5 ^173.6 ^173.7 Project Vote Smart, "Vern Buchanan's Voting Record," accessed September 20, 2013

[174] The Library of Congress, "Bill Summary & Status - 113th Congress (2013 - 2014) - H.R.624," accessed August 27, 2013

[175] Clerk of U.S. House, "Roll Call Vote 31: H.R. 2642," accessed February 12, 2014

[176] Politico, "House clears farm bill," accessed February 12, 2014

[farm-177] 177.0 ^177.1 New York Times, "Senate passes long-stalled farm bill, with clear winners and losers," accessed February 12, 2014

[cnnhousevote-178] 178.0 ^178.1 CNN.com, "House passes compromise $1.1 trillion budget for 2014," accessed January 20, 2014

[vote-179] 179.0 ^179.1 ^179.2 U.S. House, "Roll Call Vote 21," accessed January 20, 2014

[180] Roll Call, "House Passes $1.1 Trillion Omnibus," accessed January 20, 2014

[181] Clerk of the U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 504," accessed October 31, 2013

[182] Buzzfeed, "Government Shutdown: How We Got Here," accessed October 1, 2013

[183] Clerk of the U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 504," accessed October 31, 2013

[184] The Washington Post, "Reid, McConnell propose bipartisan Senate bill to end shutdown, extend borrowing," accessed October 16, 2013

[185] U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 550," accessed October 31, 2013

[186] Politico, "Hill pols plan to donate, halt salary," accessed October 1, 2013

[187] Washington Post, "Which lawmakers will refuse their pay during the shutdown?" accessed October 2, 2013

[188] U.S. House, "House Resolution 676," accessed July 30, 2014

[189] Associated Press, "Suing Obama: GOP-led House gives the go-ahead," July 31, 2014

[190] Washington Post, "House clears way for lawsuit against Obama," accessed July 30, 2014

[191] U.S. House, "Roll Call Vote on the Fiscal Cliff," accessed January 4, 2013

[192] OpenSecrets, "Buchanan, (R-Fl), 2012," accessed February 18, 2014

[193] This figure represents the total percentage growth from either 2004 (if the member entered office in 2004 or earlier) or the member's first year in office (as noted in the chart below).

[194] This number was found by dividing each member's total net worth growth percentage by the number of years included in the calculation.

[195] This figure represents the total percentage growth divided by the number of years for which there are net worth figures for each member.

[196] This figure was calculated using median asset data from the Census Bureau. Please see the Congressional Net Worth data for Ballotpedia spreadsheet for more information on this calculation.

[197] OpenSecrets.org, "Rep. Vernon Buchanan," accessed September 23, 2014

[198] GovTrack, "Buchanan," accessed July 23, 2014

[199] OpenCongress, "Rep. Vern Buchanan," accessed September 23, 2015

[200] GovTrack, "Vern Buchanan," accessed September 23, 2015

[201] LegiStorm, "Vern Buchanan," accessed July 15, 2012

[202] National Journal, "2013 Congressional Vote Ratings," accessed July 23, 2014

[203] National Journal, "2012 Congressional Vote Ratings," accessed February 27, 2013

[204] National Journal, "Searchable Vote Ratings Tables: House," accessed February 23, 2012

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