Florida oversight of federal grants

• Federalism
• Terms and definitions
• Laws
• Court cases
• Major arguments
• State responses to federal mandates
• State oversight of federal grants
• Federalism by the numbers
  • Federalism by the numbers: Federal mandates
  • Federalism by the numbers: Federal grants-in-aid
  • Federalism by the numbers: Federal information collection requests
  • Overview of federal spending during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic
• Index of articles

See also: State oversight of federal grants

Federal grants make up a significant portion of state budgets, providing funding for programs in health care, education, infrastructure, and public assistance. These funds are typically accompanied by policy conditions or reporting requirements that shape how states implement federally funded programs. In response, states have developed varying oversight systems to review, approve, and monitor the use of federal funding.

This page summarizes federal grant funding and oversight in Florida. It includes data on how federal dollars contribute to the state budget, highlights Florida’s position relative to other states, and analyzes key laws related to grant coordination, transparency, and accountability. This research was last updated in December 2025.

HIGHLIGHTS

In fiscal year 2023, 37.8% of Florida’s total state revenue came from intergovernmental sources—primarily federal grants—the 25th-highest share nationwide. The state received approximately $53.7 billion in federal funds, the 4th-highest total.

Florida law integrated federal grant oversight across multiple branches: the governor’s office coordinated and approved agency grant requests, the Florida State Legislature retained appropriation and review authority, the Chief Financial Officer tracked and enforced compliance through financial reporting, and state agencies managed internal coordination and reporting of federal funds.

This article includes information about the following topics:

• Federal funding to Florida
  • Percentage of Florida budget funded by the federal government
  • Amount of federal grants to Florida

• Florida statutes on federal grant oversight
  • Executive oversight of federal grants
  • Legislative oversight and transparency
  • Audit and financial oversight
  • Agency oversight of federal grants
  • Program-specific federal grant oversight

Background

Federal grants are a major source of funding for state governments, supporting programs in areas such as health care, education, transportation, and public assistance. These funds are distributed through a variety of mechanisms—including block grants, categorical grants, and formula-based programs—and are typically accompanied by policy conditions, reporting requirements, or other administrative mandates.

Federal grants are reported as part of a state’s intergovernmental revenue, a category tracked annually by the United States Census Bureau. Intergovernmental revenue includes funds transferred from both federal and local governments, but federal sources account for the vast majority. In 2022, approximately 98% of intergovernmental revenue received by states came from the federal government. In 2023—the most recent year for which data is available—states collectively received about $1.12 trillion in intergovernmental revenue, representing 36.7% of all general revenue.

Because of the scale and conditional nature of federal funding, many states have adopted statutory and administrative frameworks to oversee how agencies apply for, accept, and manage federal grants. States vary widely in how these frameworks are structured, with some centralizing authority in executive agencies and others distributing responsibilities across legislative, budget, and oversight bodies; collectively, these arrangements define the state's oversight of federal grant activity. These frameworks reflect broader federalism concerns—such as how states balance fiscal dependence with administrative autonomy, and how they respond to federal mandates that may influence state policy priorities.

This research was last updated in December 2025.

Top federal funding programs to states

In fiscal year 2023, the federal government distributed over $1 trillion in grants to states. The largest programs through which states received federal funding were Medicaid, highway funding, rental assistance, and child nutrition. Medicaid alone accounted for 56.8% of federal grants to states, and the top 20 programs combined made up approximately 87.8% of total federal grant outlays to states.

Federal funding to Florida

Amount of federal grants to Florida

In 2023, Florida received approximately $53.7 billion in intergovernmental revenue out of a total $141.9 billion in state revenue, the 4th-highest nationwide. The national average was approximately $22.3 billion per state. Across all states, intergovernmental revenue totaled about $1.12 trillion out of $3.04 trillion in general revenue. In 2022, approximately 98% of intergovernmental revenue states received came from the federal government.

Percentage of Florida budget funded by the federal government

In fiscal year 2023, 37.8% of Florida’s total state revenue came from intergovernmental sources—primarily federal grants—compared to 36.7% for state governments nationwide. Florida had the 25th-highest percentage of state revenue funded by the federal government.

Intergovernmental revenue by state

This table shows the percentage and amount of each state's total revenue that came from intergovernmental sources—primarily federal grants—in fiscal year 2023. It lists states in descending order by the share of revenue from these sources and includes total state revenue, intergovernmental revenue, and the percentage for each state. The data highlights how dependent each state is on federal funding as a portion of its overall budget.

Intergovernmental revenue by state, 2023

State	Total revenue (thousands)	Intergovernmental revenue (thousands)	Percent
Louisiana	$44,396,718	$22,899,720	51.6%
Arizona	$60,891,976	$29,948,016	49.2%
Missouri	$45,073,525	$20,888,653	46.3%
Wyoming	$8,357,625	$3,792,590	45.4%
Alaska	$11,883,137	$5,341,732	45.0%
Montana	$10,689,677	$4,710,013	44.1%
Kentucky	$46,180,553	$20,254,290	43.9%
Mississippi	$26,046,854	$11,310,571	43.4%
Rhode Island	$12,286,091	$5,288,136	43.0%
Oklahoma	$37,833,350	$16,255,253	43.0%
West Virginia	$18,871,691	$8,025,296	42.5%
Tennessee	$48,344,600	$20,223,947	41.8%
South Dakota	$6,278,267	$2,570,818	40.9%
Arkansas	$29,702,938	$12,104,414	40.8%
Georgia	$70,031,565	$28,344,731	40.5%
Indiana	$62,196,503	$25,102,743	40.4%
Alabama	$44,884,391	$17,879,389	39.8%
Maine	$13,604,269	$5,360,431	39.4%
New Hampshire	$10,340,297	$4,052,066	39.2%
South Carolina	$46,113,727	$17,785,656	38.6%
Nebraska	$15,493,777	$5,972,778	38.5%
Texas	$213,481,319	$82,164,797	38.5%
Pennsylvania	$127,986,754	$49,211,832	38.5%
Ohio	$98,348,911	$37,785,734	38.4%
Florida	$141,946,520	$53,706,466	37.8%
New York	$259,552,404	$96,814,839	37.3%
Michigan	$90,192,191	$33,060,736	36.7%
Vermont	$9,063,120	$3,293,531	36.3%
Colorado	$41,909,412	$15,138,043	36.1%
Maryland	$58,597,846	$21,004,254	35.8%
North Carolina	$81,064,214	$28,814,153	35.5%
Oregon	$51,612,303	$17,510,543	33.9%
New Mexico	$40,359,510	$13,628,893	33.8%
Nevada	$24,219,218	$8,040,101	33.2%
Iowa	$31,265,753	$10,333,642	33.1%
Washington	$74,164,396	$24,480,102	33.0%
California	$417,100,727	$137,666,813	33.0%
Minnesota	$60,090,592	$19,468,582	32.4%
Illinois	$111,409,197	$35,838,931	32.2%
Wisconsin	$49,805,740	$15,984,042	32.1%
Massachusetts	$80,850,200	$25,519,880	31.6%
New Jersey	$100,285,531	$31,191,180	31.1%
Connecticut	$38,016,037	$11,800,021	31.0%
Idaho	$14,453,559	$4,456,686	30.8%
Delaware	$13,462,717	$4,105,552	30.5%
Virginia	$81,975,174	$23,958,775	29.2%
North Dakota	$10,349,350	$2,876,346	27.8%
Utah	$31,293,027	$8,603,744	27.5%
Kansas	$27,507,628	$7,524,382	27.4%
Hawaii	$19,221,682	$5,057,226	26.3%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Annual Survey of State Government Finances

Florida statutes on federal grant oversight

Many states have statutory provisions that govern the oversight, approval, transparency, and auditing of federal grants received within the state. These laws typically assign responsibilities to executive agencies, the governor’s office, and the legislature to ensure proper management and accountability of federal funds. This research was last updated in December 2025.

Executive oversight of federal grants

Executive oversight of federal grants refers to statutes that assign responsibility to the governor’s office to review, approve, coordinate, or manage federal grants across the state.

Florida Statute § 216.212 required state agencies to submit federal grant requests to the Executive Office of the Governor for review and approval, authorized the governor to approve the receipt and expenditure of federal funds, and established a clearinghouse within the governor’s office to coordinate and track federal grant activity.

“ "216.212 Budgets for federal funds; restrictions on expenditure of federal funds.— (1) The Executive Office of the Governor and the office of the Chief Financial Officer shall develop and implement procedures for accelerating the drawdown of, and minimizing the payment of interest on, federal funds. The Executive Office of the Governor shall establish a clearinghouse for federal programs and activities. The clearinghouse shall develop the capacity to respond to federal grant opportunities and to coordinate the use of federal funds in the state. (a) Every state agency, when making a request or preparing a budget to be submitted to the Federal Government for funds, equipment, material, or services, shall submit such request or budget to the Executive Office of the Governor for review before submitting it to the proper federal authority. However, the Executive Office of the Governor may specifically authorize any agency to submit specific types of grant proposals directly to the Federal Government. ... (2) When such federal authority has approved the request or budget, the state agency or the judicial branch shall submit to the Executive Office of the Governor such documentation showing approval as that office prescribes. The Executive Office of the Governor must acknowledge each approved request or budget by entering that approval into an Automated Grant Management System developed in consultation with the chairs of the House of Representatives and Senate appropriations committees. (3) Federal money appropriated by Congress or received from court settlements to be used for state purposes, whether by itself or in conjunction with moneys appropriated by the Legislature, may not be expended unless appropriated by the Legislature. However, the Executive Office of the Governor or the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court may, after consultation with the legislative appropriations committees, approve the receipt and expenditure of funds from federal sources by state agencies or by the judicial branch. Any federal programs requiring state matching funds which funds were eliminated, or were requested and were not approved, by the Legislature may not be implemented during the interim. However, federal and other fund sources for the State University System which do not carry a continuing commitment on future appropriations are hereby appropriated for the purpose received." ”

Legislative oversight and transparency

Legislative oversight and transparency refers to statutes requiring reports to or involvement from the legislature in managing or approving federal grants.

Florida Statute § 216.212 required legislative appropriation for the expenditure of federal funds and directed the Executive Office of the Governor to consult with the House and Senate appropriations committees before approving the receipt or expenditure of such funds outside the regular budget process.

“ "216.212 Budgets for federal funds; restrictions on expenditure of federal funds.— ... (2) When such federal authority has approved the request or budget, the state agency or the judicial branch shall submit to the Executive Office of the Governor such documentation showing approval as that office prescribes. The Executive Office of the Governor must acknowledge each approved request or budget by entering that approval into an Automated Grant Management System developed in consultation with the chairs of the House of Representatives and Senate appropriations committees. (3) Federal money appropriated by Congress or received from court settlements to be used for state purposes, whether by itself or in conjunction with moneys appropriated by the Legislature, may not be expended unless appropriated by the Legislature. However, the Executive Office of the Governor or the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court may, after consultation with the legislative appropriations committees, approve the receipt and expenditure of funds from federal sources by state agencies or by the judicial branch. Any federal programs requiring state matching funds which funds were eliminated, or were requested and were not approved, by the Legislature may not be implemented during the interim. However, federal and other fund sources for the State University System which do not carry a continuing commitment on future appropriations are hereby appropriated for the purpose received." ”

Audit and financial oversight

Audit and financial oversight refers to statutes related to auditing, financial tracking, or compliance for federal funds.

Florida Statute § 216.103 assigned the Chief Financial Officer responsibility for tracking and reporting federal funds, verifying agency compliance through the state accounting system, and withholding funds or salaries from noncompliant agencies.

“ "216.102 Filing of financial information; handling by Chief Financial Officer; penalty for noncompliance.— (1) By September 30 of each year, each agency supported by any form of taxation, licenses, fees, imposts, or exactions, the judicial branch, and, for financial reporting purposes, each component unit of the state as determined by the Chief Financial Officer shall prepare, using generally accepted accounting principles, and file with the Chief Financial Officer the financial and other information necessary for the preparation of annual financial statements for the State of Florida as of June 30. In addition, each such agency and the judicial branch shall prepare financial statements showing the financial position and results of agency or branch operations as of June 30 for internal management purposes. (a) Each state agency and the judicial branch shall record the receipt and disbursement of funds from federal sources in a form and format prescribed by the Chief Financial Officer. The access to federal funds by the administering agencies or the judicial branch may not be authorized until: 1. The deposit has been recorded in the Florida Accounting Information Resource Subsystem using proper, consistent codes that designate deposits as federal funds. 2. The deposit and appropriate recording required by this paragraph have been verified by the office of the Chief Financial Officer. (b) The Chief Financial Officer shall publish a statewide policy detailing the requirements for recording receipt and disbursement of federal funds into the Florida Accounting Information Resource Subsystem and provide technical assistance to the agencies and the judicial branch to implement the policy. (2) Financial information must be contained within the Florida Accounting Information Resource Subsystem. Other information must be submitted in the form and format prescribed by the Chief Financial Officer. (a) Each component unit shall file financial information and other information necessary for the preparation of annual financial statements with the agency or branch designated by the Chief Financial Officer by the date specified by the Chief Financial Officer. (b) The state agency or branch designated by the Chief Financial Officer to receive financial information and other information from component units shall include the financial information in the Florida Accounting Information Resource Subsystem and shall include the component units’ other information in its submission to the Chief Financial Officer. (3) The Chief Financial Officer shall: (a) Prepare and furnish to the Auditor General annual financial statements for the state on or before December 31 of each year, using generally accepted accounting principles. (b) Prepare and publish an annual comprehensive financial report for the state in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles on or before February 28 of each year. (c) Furnish the Governor, the President of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives with a copy of the annual comprehensive financial report prepared pursuant to paragraph (b). (d) Notify each agency and the judicial branch of the data that is required to be recorded to enhance accountability for tracking federal financial assistance. (e) Provide reports, as requested, to executive or judicial branch entities, the President of the Senate, the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and the members of the Florida Congressional Delegation, detailing the federal financial assistance received and disbursed by state agencies and the judicial branch. (f) Consult with and elicit comments from the Executive Office of the Governor on changes to the Florida Accounting Information Resource Subsystem which clearly affect the accounting of federal funds, so as to ensure consistency of information entered into the Federal Aid Tracking System by state executive and judicial branch entities. While efforts shall be made to ensure the compatibility of the Florida Accounting Information Resource Subsystem and the Federal Aid Tracking System, any successive systems serving identical or similar functions shall preserve such compatibility. The Chief Financial Officer may furnish and publish in electronic form the financial statements and the annual comprehensive financial report required under paragraphs (a), (b), and (c). (4) If any agency or the judicial branch fails to comply with subsection (1) or subsection (2), the Chief Financial Officer may refuse to honor salary claims for agency or branch fiscal and executive staff until the agency or branch corrects its deficiency. (5) The Chief Financial Officer may withhold any funds payable to a component unit that does not comply with subsection (1) or subsection (2) until the component unit corrects its deficiency." ”

Agency oversight of federal grants

Agency oversight of federal grant applications refers to statutes that establish procedures or requirements for how state agencies request or acknowledge federal funding.

Florida Statute § 216.103 required each state agency receiving federal funds to appoint a senior official to coordinate federal funding efforts, maintain an inventory of federally funded programs, report grant activity to the Governor’s office, and establish internal processes to track, evaluate, and maximize federal funding opportunities.

“ "216.103 Agencies receiving federal funds; designation of coordinating official; duties.— (1) The intent of the Legislature is that state agencies which receive federal funds take appropriate steps to enhance their level of readiness in preparing for anticipated changes in the Federal Government’s continually changing relationship with the state. (2) Each state agency receiving any federal funds shall: (a) Designate a senior official having a direct reporting relationship to the agency head to be responsible for the internal coordination of the agency’s efforts to maximize the amount of federally derived dollars the agency receives. Such designee shall serve as a point of contact on federal funds issues for the Executive Office of the Governor and shall oversee and coordinate the individual agency’s efforts in acquiring federal funds. When requested, such designee shall notify the Executive Office of the Governor of the award or denial of federal grants to the agency, including reasons for denial if readily discernible. (b) Create and maintain an inventory of all programs which are partially or fully funded from federal sources and provide reports to the Executive Office of the Governor or legislative committees, as requested. Reports based on said inventory shall be consistent with and complement the Federal Aid Tracking System. (c) Develop, document, and implement, in a manner prescribed by the Executive Office of the Governor, an internal process whereby information on all federal funds received, as well as the impact of congressional initiatives on the state, can be collected, assimilated, and evaluated rapidly. (d) Establish and maintain a process to identify and monitor specific opportunities to preserve or enhance the state’s share of federal grant-in-aid programs, improve the delivery of services utilizing federal funds, and realize the benefits of additional flexibility given to the state in federal programs. Such a process should include provisions for interagency cooperation and coordination, which may be required in the event of federal program consolidations or changes in federal funding formulas in any given year." ”

Program-specific federal grant oversight

States often adopt program-specific statutes to oversee federal grants in areas like education, health, or transportation, but the following examples highlight particularly noteworthy cases.

Florida Statute § 409.913 required the Agency for Health Care Administration to oversee Medicaid program integrity by auditing providers, detecting and preventing fraud and abuse, recovering overpayments, and reporting annually to the legislature on enforcement outcomes and recommendations.

“ 409.913 Oversight of the integrity of the Medicaid program.—The agency shall operate a program to oversee the activities of Florida Medicaid recipients, and providers and their representatives, to ensure that fraudulent and abusive behavior and neglect of recipients occur to the minimum extent possible, and to recover overpayments and impose sanctions as appropriate. Each January 15, the agency and the Medicaid Fraud Control Unit of the Department of Legal Affairs shall submit a report to the Legislature documenting the effectiveness of the state’s efforts to control Medicaid fraud and abuse and to recover Medicaid overpayments during the previous fiscal year. The report must describe the number of cases opened and investigated each year; the sources of the cases opened; the disposition of the cases closed each year; the amount of overpayments alleged in preliminary and final audit letters; the number and amount of fines or penalties imposed; any reductions in overpayment amounts negotiated in settlement agreements or by other means; the amount of final agency determinations of overpayments; the amount deducted from federal claiming as a result of overpayments; the amount of overpayments recovered each year; the amount of cost of investigation recovered each year; the average length of time to collect from the time the case was opened until the overpayment is paid in full; the amount determined as uncollectible and the portion of the uncollectible amount subsequently reclaimed from the Federal Government; the number of providers, by type, that are terminated from participation in the Medicaid program as a result of fraud and abuse; and all costs associated with discovering and prosecuting cases of Medicaid overpayments and making recoveries in such cases. The report must also document actions taken to prevent overpayments and the number of providers prevented from enrolling in or reenrolling in the Medicaid program as a result of documented Medicaid fraud and abuse and must include policy recommendations necessary to prevent or recover overpayments and changes necessary to prevent and detect Medicaid fraud. All policy recommendations in the report must include a detailed fiscal analysis, including, but not limited to, implementation costs, estimated savings to the Medicaid program, and the return on investment. The agency must submit the policy recommendations and fiscal analyses in the report to the appropriate estimating conference, pursuant to s. 216.137, by February 15 of each year. The agency and the Medicaid Fraud Control Unit of the Department of Legal Affairs each must include detailed unit-specific performance standards, benchmarks, and metrics in the report, including projected cost savings to the state Medicaid program during the following fiscal year. ... ”

How does Florida compare to other states?

This section provides an overview of how states conduct oversight of federal grants, including gubernatorial approval, legislative authority, agency coordination, public transparency, and state contingency planning. It includes summaries, comparative maps, and detailed tables showing how all 50 states structure each type of oversight. For specific details and information about a state, click here.

• State-by-state overview

  Summary table showing how each state structures its oversight of federal grants.
• Gubernatorial oversight

  Whether governors must approve federal grant applications or have no required approval role.
• Legislative oversight

  Whether legislatures must approve federal grants or have no statutory approval authority.
• Agency oversight

  How states assign grant-management duties to central agencies or multiple agencies.
• Public oversight

  Whether states require public reporting, hearings, or transparency for federal grant activity.
• Contingency plans

  States that require agencies to prepare plans for reduced or denied federal funds.

State-by-state overview of federal grants oversight

This table provides a state-by-state overview of how each state oversees federal grants, summarizing the key statutes, agencies, and approval processes involved in managing federal funds.

State oversight of federal grants

State	State oversight
Alabama	Alabama law placed federal grant oversight under the Governor of Alabama through the Office of State Planning and Federal Programs and the Executive Budget Office, which coordinate, report, and evaluate federal funding, with legislative review provided by the Legislative Council.
Alaska	Alaska law centralized federal grant oversight under the Governor of Alaska, requiring all federal funds to be included in the state budget and reviewed through the Office of Management and Budget as part of the regular executive planning and legislative appropriation process.
Arizona	Arizona law centralized federal grant oversight under the Governor of Arizona and the Governor’s Office of Strategic Planning and Budgeting, which coordinated, reviewed, and reported on federal aid programs. The Arizona State Legislature maintained oversight through required reports detailing all federal grants received.
Arkansas	Arkansas law assigned the Governor limited oversight of federal programs through the Office of State-Federal Relations and required all agency grant applications to be reviewed by the Department of Finance and Administration before submission, with the General Assembly retaining final approval through the appropriation of federal funds.
California	California law divided federal grant oversight among four entities: the Office of Planning and Research, the Department of Finance, the California Controller, and the California State Auditor, which together coordinated, approved, reported on, and audited federal grant activity.
Colorado	Colorado law authorized the Office of State Planning and Budgeting, with the governor’s approval, to receive and administer federal funds; required the General Assembly to appropriate block grant moneys; and directed agencies to submit annual grant reports to the Joint Budget Committee, with additional audits by the Colorado Auditor and annual expenditure reporting by the State Controller.
Connecticut	Connecticut law assigns federal grant oversight across multiple entities, giving the governor authority to apply for and administer funds, directing the Office of Policy and Management to coordinate federal impacts, requiring legislative committees to review grant applications and block grant allocations, mandating audits by the Auditors of Public Accounts, and establishing statewide grant-tracking and revenue-maximization systems.
Delaware	Delaware law divided federal grant oversight among the State Clearinghouse Committee, the State Treasurer, and the State Auditor. The Clearinghouse Committee reviewed, approved, and held public hearings on grant applications, and agencies were required to submit contingency plans and revert unused funds when federal support declined.
Florida	Florida law integrated federal grant oversight across the governor’s office, the legislature, the Chief Financial Officer, and state agencies, combining coordination, approval, appropriation, compliance monitoring, and internal reporting.
Georgia	Georgia law authorized the Governor of Georgia to enter agreements and take actions to secure and administer federal grants; required agencies to notify budget offices and the legislature before seeking new federal assistance; required fiscal impact review; and mandated that the Department of Audits and Accounts maintain a public website detailing expenditures and audits.
Hawaii	Hawaii law established an Office of Federal Programs Coordinator under the governor to manage federal grant relations; authorized agencies to accept and administer federal grants with available matching funds; and assigned the attorney general and director of finance responsibility for securing federal aid.
Idaho	Idaho law assigned federal grant oversight to the Division of Financial Management, requiring annual agency reports on federal funds, including use, expiration, and obligations, and requiring contingency planning for federal reductions.
Illinois	Illinois’s Grant Accountability and Transparency Act centralizes federal grant oversight under the Governor’s Office of Management and Budget and its Grant Accountability and Transparency Unit, requiring statewide compliance, auditing, annual reporting, and public access to grant records.
Indiana	Indiana law centralizes federal grant oversight in the State Budget Agency, which reports annually to the governor and legislature, approves all federal assistance applications, coordinates biennial federal program reviews, and ensures federal funds do not create unfunded state obligations.
Iowa	Iowa law created the Office of Grants Enterprise Management to track and report federal grants to the legislature, and Senate File 626 (2025) established contingency procedures requiring legislative notification when federal block grant amounts change.
Kansas	Kansas law requires both the Governor of Kansas and a majority of legislative members on the State Finance Council to approve federal grant spending, with the Department of Administration conducting compliance audits.
Kentucky	Kentucky law assigns federal grant oversight to the Finance and Administration Cabinet for executive coordination and to the Legislative Research Commission for review, reporting, and auditing of federal funds.
Louisiana	Louisiana law assigns federal grant reporting and coordination responsibilities to the Division of Administration, which reviews and records state and local applications for federal assistance and tracks federal agency actions; statutes do not assign explicit oversight authority to the governor or legislature.
Maine	Maine law requires legislative approval and detailed reporting for all federal fund expenditures, and directs state officials—including the governor—to file post-disbursement reports documenting how federal funds were used.
Maryland	Maryland law authorized the governor to propose block grant participation policies, required the legislature to review and comment on these proposals, and empowered the Department of Planning to establish reporting requirements for all federal grants.
Massachusetts	Massachusetts law assigns federal grant oversight to the Comptroller and the Secretary of Administration and Finance, requiring them to regulate agency applications, oversee reporting, provide quarterly updates to House and Senate Ways and Means Committees, and publish an audited annual report on all federal funds.
Michigan	Michigan law centralizes federal grant oversight in the Department of Management and Budget, which receives agency notifications of all federal applications, reports new grants to the Legislature before commitment, and provides semiannual estimates of federal revenues by program.
Minnesota	Minnesota law authorized the Legislative Advisory Commission to review and issue nonbinding recommendations on federal fund expenditure requests but did not assign grant-oversight authority to the governor or executive agencies.
Mississippi	Mississippi law authorized the Executive Director of the Department of Finance and Administration to approve new federally funded positions, required the Legislative Budget Office to review federal applications, and empowered the State Auditor to audit grant recipients and recover audit costs through a dedicated accountability fund.
Missouri	Missouri law assigns federal grant oversight to the Budget Director, legislative committees, and statewide public reporting systems. Agencies must submit grant applications to multiple budget and legislative officials, and large federal grants must be publicly disclosed on the Missouri Accountability Portal.
Montana	Montana law designated the state treasurer as the fiscal officer responsible for receiving and managing federal funds and required the legislative auditor to conduct annual audits of federal financial assistance.
Nebraska	Nebraska law requires agencies to submit biennial federal funding inventories to the Department of Administrative Services; authorizes the Legislative Fiscal Analyst to track federal revenue trends; and empowers the Auditor of Public Accounts to audit all federal funds appropriated to state programs.
Nevada	Nevada centralizes federal grant oversight in the Office of Federal Assistance, which coordinates applications, tracks unspent funds, and reports grant activity to the Legislative Counsel Bureau.
New Hampshire	New Hampshire law requires both the governor and the Fiscal Committee of the General Court to approve major federal grant expenditures, and empowers the Legislative Budget Assistant to audit federally funded programs.
New Jersey	New Jersey law assigns federal grant oversight to the Director of the Grants Management Office, who coordinates applications, oversees grant compliance and audits, and maintains a statewide database of active federal awards. Agencies seeking unappropriated federal funds must notify key legislative budget officials before applying.
New Mexico	New Mexico law tasks the State Auditor with annual audits of all state agencies, including those receiving federal funds, and directs the Department of Finance and Administration to assist with and review federal grant applications.
New York	New York law requires agencies to notify the Division of the Budget before applying for federal grants; designates the Department of Taxation and Finance as custodian of federal funds; and authorizes the Comptroller to audit and disburse those funds.
North Carolina	North Carolina law requires agencies to notify the governor before applying for or receiving federal grants; mandates that federal funds be deposited in the state treasury and appropriated by the legislature; and authorizes the State Auditor to audit any entity receiving federal funds.
North Dakota	North Dakota law requires agencies to report federal grant applications to the Office of Management and Budget, which reports to the legislature; directs the State Auditor to audit all state financial transactions; and requires agencies to ensure federal grants do not impose excessive oversight or conflict with legislative intent.
Ohio	Ohio law authorizes the governor to commit the state to federal programs and designate administering agencies; requires the General Assembly to appropriate or approve all federal expenditures; and empowers the Auditor to audit all public offices receiving federal money.
Oklahoma	Oklahoma law requires agency federal grant applications over $100,000 to be approved by Cabinet Secretaries and the Secretary of Budget; empowers the Auditor and a joint legislative committee to conduct audits and investigations; requires public disclosure of all federal funds; and mandates that federal money flow through the state treasurer.
Oregon	Oregon law authorizes the governor to apply for and disburse federal funds; requires the Legislative Assembly or Emergency Board to approve related expenditures; and empowers the Department of Administrative Services to review, modify, or approve agency grant requests before submission.
Pennsylvania	Pennsylvania law authorizes the Governor’s Office of Policy and Planning to apply for, receive, administer, and use federal grants and other federal financial assistance.
Rhode Island	Rhode Island law gives the controller authority over federal grant applications, requires the General Assembly to appropriate all federal funds, directs the Auditor General to conduct financial and compliance audits, and authorizes the Office of Management and Budget to approve grant requests requiring state matching funds.
South Carolina	South Carolina law assigns federal grant oversight to the governor, the legislature, the Comptroller General, and the State Treasurer, combining budgeting, appropriation, audit, and financial management responsibilities.
South Dakota	South Dakota law assigns federal grant oversight to the governor, the legislature’s Special Committee on Appropriations, and the State Auditor, requiring approval for federal funds exceeding the appropriations act and reporting on federal grant program audits.
Tennessee	Tennessee law assigns federal grant oversight to the governor, the Fiscal Review Committee, the Office of Legislative Budget Analysis, the Comptroller of the Treasury, and the Commissioner of Finance and Administration, combining executive approval with legislative monitoring and compliance oversight.
Texas	Texas law assigns federal grant oversight to the Governor’s Division of Planning and Coordination and the Governor’s Office of Budget and Planning; authorizes the Comptroller and State Auditor to manage and audit federal funds; requires fiscal review of federal programs; and mandates public hearings on intended uses of federal block grant funds.
Utah	Utah law requires agencies to obtain the governor’s approval before applying for or accepting new federal grants; requires legislative approval through appropriations; and assigns the State Auditor responsibility for compliance and financial oversight.
Vermont	Vermont law requires the governor to approve federal grants; authorizes the Joint Fiscal Committee or legislature to review or override those decisions; directs the Auditor of Accounts to audit federal programs; and requires the Department of Finance and Management to publish an annual public report of all grants.
Virginia	Virginia law allows agencies to manage federal grants, requires the Department of Planning and Budget to monitor fiscal impacts, authorizes the Auditor of Public Accounts to audit federal programs, and requires agencies to report major grants annually to finance officials and legislators.
Washington	Washington law requires agencies to manage federal grants and report major awards to finance officials; assigns fiscal impact monitoring to the planning and budget office; and mandates biennial compliance audits by the Auditor of Public Accounts.
West Virginia	West Virginia law requires the Secretary of Revenue to approve and report federal grant activity to the governor; subjects most federal funds to legislative appropriation; and directs the State Auditor to oversee audits and maintain a public database of state and federally funded grants.
Wisconsin	Wisconsin law authorizes the governor to accept and administer federal grant money; requires agencies to report federal grant applications to the legislature; and requires departments to notify the State Auditor when accepting federal funds that may require auditing services.
Wyoming	Wyoming law authorizes the governor to approve applications for federal aid and the acceptance and expenditure of federal funds beyond annual appropriations; subjects federal funds to the legislature’s appropriations bill; and requires biennial audits of federally aided agencies by the State Auditor.

Gubernatorial oversight of federal grants

States adopt different models for how governors participate in federal grant activity. In some states, governors must directly review or approve grant applications, while in others their role is limited to coordination, budget planning, or information-sharing. Many states assign primary authority elsewhere—such as legislatures, agencies, or budget offices—leaving governors without a required approval role.

• Explicit approval: Sixteen states require governors to formally approve grant applications or the acceptance of federal funds, giving them direct authority over whether federal money enters the state system.

• Partial or indirect approval: Sixteen states involve governors in coordination, notification, or budget oversight roles, but do not require them to approve individual grants.

• No explicit approval: Eighteen states assign approval and management responsibilities to agencies, budget offices, or legislatures, leaving governors with no required sign-off role on federal grants.

Governor approval of federal grants

State	Governor approval	Short description
Alabama	Partial or indirect approval	Governor oversees federal programs through planning and budget offices; legislature reviews.
Alaska	Partial or indirect approval	Governor oversees budget integration of all federal funds; legislative appropriation required.
Arizona	Partial or indirect approval	Governor’s budget office coordinates and reviews federal aid; legislature receives detailed reports.
Arkansas	Partial or indirect approval	Governor has limited oversight; finance department reviews, legislature approves appropriations.
California	Partial or indirect approval	Governor appoints grant administrator; finance department approves agency requests and reporting.
Colorado	Explicit approval	Governor must approve receipt and administration of federal funds through budget office.
Connecticut	Explicit approval	Governor authorized to apply for and administer federal funds; office coordinates and reports.
Delaware	No explicit approval	State Clearinghouse Committee reviews and approves grants; governor not directly involved.
Florida	Explicit approval	Governor’s office coordinates and approves agency grant requests; legislature controls appropriations.
Georgia	Explicit approval	Governor authorized to secure and administer federal grants; agencies must notify legislature.
Hawaii	Partial or indirect approval	Federal programs office under governor manages relations; agencies may apply independently.
Idaho	No explicit approval	Division of Financial Management oversees reporting and contingency plans; governor not mentioned.
Illinois	Partial or indirect approval	Governor receives annual reports; management office coordinates compliance and transparency.
Indiana	Partial or indirect approval	Budget agency approves federal assistance applications; governor receives annual reports.
Iowa	No explicit approval	Grants office tracks and reports; legislative notification required for changes in grant amounts.
Kansas	Explicit approval	Governor and State Finance Council must jointly approve all federal grant spending.
Kentucky	Partial or indirect approval	Finance cabinet coordinates grants; governor’s role not explicitly stated.
Louisiana	No explicit approval	Division of Administration manages coordination; no statutory authority for governor oversight.
Maine	Partial or indirect approval	Governor files post-disbursement reports; legislature approves and oversees federal expenditures.
Maryland	Partial or indirect approval	Governor proposes federal grant policies; legislature reviews and department manages reporting.
Massachusetts	No explicit approval	Comptroller and finance secretary regulate and report grants; governor not mentioned.
Michigan	No explicit approval	Budget department manages notifications and reports to legislature; governor not specified.
Minnesota	No explicit approval	Legislative commission reviews federal fund requests; governor not involved.
Mississippi	No explicit approval	Finance director approves positions funded by grants; no governor approval role noted.
Missouri	No explicit approval	Budget director and legislature oversee grant disclosure; governor not mentioned.
Montana	No explicit approval	Treasurer receives and manages federal funds; legislative auditor conducts annual audits.
Nebraska	No explicit approval	Administrative services and auditor track and audit funds; governor not cited.
Nevada	Partial or indirect approval	Office of Federal Assistance within governor’s office coordinates and reports on grants.
New Hampshire	Explicit approval	Governor and fiscal committee must jointly approve major federal grant expenditures.
New Jersey	No explicit approval	Grants management office coordinates applications and audits; governor not assigned authority.
New Mexico	Partial or indirect approval	Finance secretary reviews grant applications; audit reports shared with governor and legislature.
New York	No explicit approval	Agencies notify budget division before applying; governor not given direct approval power.
North Carolina	Explicit approval	Agencies must notify governor before applying for or receiving federal grants.
North Dakota	No explicit approval	Agencies report to budget office and legislature; governor not part of approval process.
Ohio	Explicit approval	Governor authorized to commit state to federal programs and designate administering agencies.
Oklahoma	No explicit approval	Cabinet secretaries and budget office approve large grants; governor not specified.
Oregon	Explicit approval	Governor may apply for and disburse federal funds; expenditures need legislative approval.
Pennsylvania	Explicit approval	Governor’s office authorized to apply for, receive, and administer federal grants.
Rhode Island	No explicit approval	Controller and budget office manage grant applications; governor not mentioned.
South Carolina	Partial or indirect approval	Governor reviews budget reports and recommends allocations; legislature appropriates all funds.
South Dakota	Explicit approval	Governor may receive and administer funds; legislature must approve excess appropriations.
Tennessee	Explicit approval	Governor approves and administers federal funds; legislative offices monitor and report activity.
Texas	Partial or indirect approval	Governor’s offices coordinate and track grants; comptroller and legislature oversee finances.
Utah	Explicit approval	Agencies must obtain governor’s approval before applying for or accepting new federal grants.
Vermont	Explicit approval	Governor must approve grants; joint fiscal committee may review or override decisions.
Virginia	No explicit approval	Agencies manage grants; finance department monitors fiscal impact; governor not referenced.
Washington	No explicit approval	Agencies manage and report grants; governor not included in oversight provisions.
West Virginia	Partial or indirect approval	Secretary of Revenue reports grant activity to governor; legislature appropriates most funds.
Wisconsin	Explicit approval	Governor authorized to accept and administer federal funds; agencies must notify legislature.
Wyoming	Explicit approval	Governor approves federal aid applications and expenditures beyond annual appropriations.

State legislative oversight of federal grants

States legislatures also vary in the extent of their authority over federal grants, shaped by each state's preferences for fiscal oversight and interbranch control. In some jurisdictions, lawmakers must approve federal applications or spending before funds can be used, while in others their involvement centers on monitoring, reporting, or fiscal review. A smaller number give legislatures no statutory approval role, leaving acceptance of federal funds largely to executive agencies.

• Explicit approval: Seventeen states require legislative bodies—often the full legislature, a fiscal committee, or an emergency board—to formally approve federal grant applications or expenditures, giving lawmakers direct authority over the acceptance and use of federal funds.

• Partial or indirect approval: Twenty-seven states involve legislatures through reporting, notification, fiscal reviews, or ongoing oversight of federal funds, but do not require them to approve specific grants.

• No explicit approval: Six states assign no statutory approval role to the legislature; federal grants are managed and accepted through executive agencies or central budget offices without legislative sign-off.

Legislative approval of federal grants

State	Legislative approval	Summary
Alabama	Partial or indirect approval	Legislative Council reviews federal funding activity but does not formally approve specific grants.
Alaska	Explicit approval	Legislature appropriates all federal funds through the regular budget process after executive review.
Arizona	Partial or indirect approval	Arizona Legislature receives detailed reports on all federal grants but lacks direct approval authority.
Arkansas	Explicit approval	General Assembly holds final approval by appropriating federal funds following executive review.
California	No explicit approval	Legislature not assigned a specific approval role; finance and audit offices oversee grants.
Colorado	Explicit approval	General Assembly appropriates block grant funds; Joint Budget Committee reviews annual federal grant reports.
Connecticut	Partial or indirect approval	Legislative committees review applications and block grant allocations; auditors and reports support oversight.
Delaware	Explicit approval	State Clearinghouse Committee, including legislative leaders, reviews and approves federal and nonfederal grant applications.
Florida	Explicit approval	Legislature retains appropriation and review authority over agency federal grant expenditures statewide.
Georgia	Partial or indirect approval	Agencies notify legislature before new federal assistance; legislative analyst reviews fiscal impacts.
Hawaii	No explicit approval	Legislature not mentioned in federal grant oversight; executive agencies manage acceptance and aid.
Idaho	No explicit approval	Legislature not assigned approval role; executive budget division manages reports and contingency plans.
Illinois	Partial or indirect approval	Illinois Legislature receives annual grant accountability reports; approval authority concentrated in GOMB and GATU.
Indiana	Partial or indirect approval	Indiana Legislature receives annual reports on federal assistance; Budget Agency approves applications independently.
Iowa	Partial or indirect approval	Grants office reports to legislature; contingency law requires legislative notification, not formal approval.
Kansas	Explicit approval	State Finance Council, including legislative members, must approve federal grant spending decisions.
Kentucky	Partial or indirect approval	Legislative Research Commission reviews, reports on, and audits federal grants without formal approval power.
Louisiana	No explicit approval	Legislature given no specific oversight authority; executive Division of Administration coordinates federal assistance.
Maine	Explicit approval	Legislature must approve all federal fund expenditures and receives detailed post-disbursement reports.
Maryland	Partial or indirect approval	Maryland Legislature reviews and comments on block grant policies; agencies follow mandated reporting rules.
Massachusetts	Partial or indirect approval	House and Senate Ways and Means receive quarterly grant updates; no statutory approval power.
Michigan	Partial or indirect approval	Department of Management and Budget reports new grants and revenue estimates to the Legislature.
Minnesota	Partial or indirect approval	Legislative Advisory Commission reviews federal fund spending requests and issues nonbinding recommendations.
Mississippi	Partial or indirect approval	Legislative Budget Office reviews and comments on federal applications; auditor enforces accountability.
Missouri	Partial or indirect approval	Legislative leaders and fiscal officer receive all grant applications; public portal discloses large awards.
Montana	No explicit approval	Legislative auditor conducts annual federal assistance audits; legislature not granted approval role.
Nebraska	Partial or indirect approval	Legislative Fiscal Analyst tracks federal revenue trends; Auditor reviews all federally funded state programs.
Nevada	Partial or indirect approval	Legislative Counsel Bureau receives coordination reports from governor’s Federal Assistance Office on grants.
New Hampshire	Explicit approval	Legislative Fiscal Committee jointly approves major federal grant expenditures with the governor.
New Jersey	Partial or indirect approval	Legislative budget director and appropriations chairs receive notice of unappropriated federal grant applications.
New Mexico	Partial or indirect approval	Legislative Finance Committee receives annual audit reports on federally funded agencies for oversight.
New York	Partial or indirect approval	Legislative finance committee chairs receive notice of planned federal grant applications and awards.
North Carolina	Explicit approval	General Assembly appropriates all federal funds; receives treasury deposits and auditor oversight reports.
North Dakota	Partial or indirect approval	Office of Management and Budget reports grant activity to Legislative Assembly; auditor oversees transactions.
Ohio	Explicit approval	Ohio General Assembly must appropriate or approve all federal expenditures funded by grants.
Oklahoma	Partial or indirect approval	Joint legislative accountability committee audits and investigates federal grants; approval handled by executive officials.
Oregon	Explicit approval	Legislative Assembly or Emergency Board approves grant applications and related federal fund expenditures.
Pennsylvania	No explicit approval	Legislature not assigned specific approval role; governor’s office administers federal grants.
Rhode Island	Explicit approval	General Assembly must appropriate all federal funds before expenditure, exercising direct approval authority.
South Carolina	Explicit approval	South Carolina General Assembly must appropriate all federal grant money before expenditure.
South Dakota	Explicit approval	Legislative Special Committee on Appropriations must approve federal funds exceeding general appropriations.
Tennessee	Partial or indirect approval	Fiscal Review Committee and legislative budget office monitor, analyze, and report federal grants.
Texas	Partial or indirect approval	Legislative Budget Board reviews fiscal impacts and public input on federal block grants.
Utah	Explicit approval	Legislature approves federal grants through appropriations after executive approval and auditor oversight.
Vermont	Partial or indirect approval	Joint Fiscal Committee or legislature reviews governor-approved grants and may override decisions.
Virginia	Partial or indirect approval	Legislative committees receive annual reports on major grants; approval authority remains with agencies.
Washington	Partial or indirect approval	Legislative committees are informed of major federal awards; management and approval stay executive.
West Virginia	Explicit approval	Legislature appropriates most federal funds and relies on statewide grant activity database.
Wisconsin	Partial or indirect approval	Agencies must report federal grant applications to legislature; auditor notified of certain funds.
Wyoming	Explicit approval	Legislature approves federal funds through annual appropriations; auditor conducts biennial agency audits.

State agency oversight of federal grants

States differ in how much responsibility they assign to agencies for managing federal grants, reflecting broader administrative and budgeting structures. Some states concentrate grant oversight in a single statewide agency or budget office, while others distribute tasks such as reporting, coordination, or review across multiple agencies. A minority provide no centralized agency role at all, relying instead on governors, legislatures, or auditors.

• Centralized agency oversight: Twenty-five states give a single statewide administrative or budget office primary responsibility for coordinating, reviewing, or managing federal grant activity across agencies.

• Distributed or limited agency oversight: Fifteen states assign reporting or oversight duties to multiple agencies without designating a central coordinating authority.

• No defined agency oversight role: Ten states do not assign a central agency any specific grant-management responsibilities.

State agency oversight of federal grants

State	Agency oversight	Summary
Alabama	Centralized agency oversight	Office of State Planning and Federal Programs and Executive Budget Office coordinate federal funding.
Alaska	Centralized agency oversight	Office of Management and Budget reviews all federal funds within statewide budget process.
Arizona	Centralized agency oversight	Governor’s Office of Strategic Planning and Budgeting centrally coordinates, reviews, and reports on federal aid.
Arkansas	Centralized agency oversight	Department of Finance and Administration reviews all federal grant applications before submission.
California	Distributed or limited agency oversight	Multiple agencies share grant coordination, approval, reporting, and audit responsibilities.
Colorado	Centralized agency oversight	Office of State Planning and Budgeting receives and administers federal funds for state agencies.
Connecticut	Centralized agency oversight	Office of Policy and Management coordinates federal programs and maintains statewide grant inventory.
Delaware	Distributed or limited agency oversight	Clearinghouse Committee, Treasurer, and Auditor collectively manage and review federal assistance.
Florida	Distributed or limited agency oversight	Governor’s office, CFO, and agencies share coordination, approval, and reporting responsibilities.
Georgia	Distributed or limited agency oversight	Agencies notify budget offices; Department of Audits and Accounts tracks and reports on federal spending.
Hawaii	Centralized agency oversight	Office of Federal Programs Coordinator and finance officials manage statewide federal grant activities.
Idaho	Centralized agency oversight	Division of Financial Management oversees agency reporting and federal funding contingency planning.
Illinois	Centralized agency oversight	GOMB and GATU coordinate statewide federal grant compliance, auditing, and reporting.
Indiana	Centralized agency oversight	State Budget Agency approves all federal assistance applications and coordinates biannual program reviews.
Iowa	Centralized agency oversight	Office of Grants Enterprise Management tracks and reports federal grants across state agencies.
Kansas	Distributed or limited agency oversight	Department of Administration conducts compliance audits but lacks centralized grant-coordination authority.
Kentucky	Centralized agency oversight	Finance and Administration Cabinet provides statewide coordination of federal grant activities.
Louisiana	Centralized agency oversight	Division of Administration reviews, records, and tracks all state and local federal assistance.
Maine	No defined agency oversight role	State officials file post-disbursement reports; no central agency manages federal grants.
Maryland	Distributed or limited agency oversight	Department of Planning issues reporting rules but does not centrally manage federal applications.
Massachusetts	Centralized agency oversight	Comptroller and Administration and Finance oversee statewide federal grant applications and reporting.
Michigan	Centralized agency oversight	Department of Management and Budget receives notifications and tracks federal revenues statewide.
Minnesota	No defined agency oversight role	Oversight handled by legislative bodies; no central executive agency manages federal grants.
Mississippi	Distributed or limited agency oversight	Finance director and Legislative Budget Office review applications and positions tied to federal funds.
Missouri	Distributed or limited agency oversight	Budget Director, legislative entities, and public portal share oversight of federal grant activity.
Montana	Centralized agency oversight	State treasurer centrally manages receipt and administration of federal funds.
Nebraska	Distributed or limited agency oversight	Administrative Services compiles funding inventories; Auditor reviews federal funds across programs.
Nevada	Centralized agency oversight	Office of Federal Assistance coordinates applications, tracks unspent funds, and reports statewide.
New Hampshire	No defined agency oversight role	Oversight assigned to governor and Fiscal Committee; no central agency role identified.
New Jersey	Centralized agency oversight	Grants Management Office coordinates applications, oversees compliance, and maintains statewide grant database.
New Mexico	Distributed or limited agency oversight	Finance and Administration assists with applications; State Auditor conducts annual federal audits.
New York	Distributed or limited agency oversight	Budget Division receives notices; Taxation and Finance and Comptroller manage custody and disbursement.
North Carolina	No defined agency oversight role	Grant oversight handled by governor, treasury, and auditor; no statewide coordinating agency.
North Dakota	Centralized agency oversight	Office of Management and Budget collects agency grant reports and relays information to legislature.
Ohio	No defined agency oversight role	Oversight rests with governor, legislature, and auditor; no central grant-managing agency.
Oklahoma	Centralized agency oversight	Budget and Cabinet Secretaries review large grants; Treasurer and Auditor manage funds and compliance.
Oregon	Centralized agency oversight	Department of Administrative Services reviews, modifies, and approves federal grant requests statewide.
Pennsylvania	Centralized agency oversight	Governor’s Office of Policy and Planning centrally applies for, receives, and administers federal grants.
Rhode Island	Centralized agency oversight	Controller and Office of Management and Budget jointly manage applications and approve matching-fund requests.
South Carolina	No defined agency oversight role	Oversight handled by governor, legislature, and fiscal officers; no central coordinating agency.
South Dakota	No defined agency oversight role	Governor, legislative committee, and Auditor share responsibilities without a central grant agency.
Tennessee	Distributed or limited agency oversight	Comptroller and Finance and Administration address compliance issues but lack centralized authority.
Texas	Centralized agency oversight	Governor’s planning and budget offices function as statewide grant-coordination and oversight hubs.
Utah	No defined agency oversight role	Governor, legislature, and Auditor manage approvals; no centralized agency coordination assigned.
Vermont	Distributed or limited agency oversight	Department of Finance and Management publishes annual grant reports but lacks central authority.
Virginia	Distributed or limited agency oversight	Department of Planning and Budget monitors fiscal impacts while agencies manage and report grants.
Washington	Distributed or limited agency oversight	Agencies manage federal funds; planning and budget office monitors fiscal effects and compliance.
West Virginia	Centralized agency oversight	Secretary of Revenue handles federal grant approvals and reporting; Auditor maintains statewide database.
Wisconsin	No defined agency oversight role	Agencies report grant applications; no central executive agency oversees federal grant management.
Wyoming	No defined agency oversight role	Governor and legislature control approvals; no statewide administrative grant-management office.

State public oversight of federal grants

Public transparency requirements for federal grants differ considerably across states, reflecting varied approaches to openness, accountability, and public engagement. Some states require public access to grant information through hearings, online postings, or searchable databases, giving residents a direct view into how federal funds are used. Others provide only limited transparency, and many do not mandate any public-facing disclosure of federal grant activity.

• Strong public oversight: Nine states require public hearings, searchable databases, online posting of grant agreements, or other transparency tools that give the public direct access to federal grant information.

• Limited public oversight: Two states provide some public-facing disclosures—such as published financial reports or audited summaries—but do not require comprehensive public transparency or public input.

• No defined public oversight: Thirty-nine states do not mandate public reporting, public access, or public hearings related to federal grant activity.

State public oversight of federal grants

State	Public oversight	Summary
Alabama	Limited public oversight	Agency is tasked with stimulating public interest and participation in federal programs.
Alaska	No defined public oversight	Federal receipts reports go to budget office and legislators; public access not described.
Arizona	No defined public oversight	Oversight relies on internal reporting to legislature; no public reporting requirements mentioned.
Arkansas	No defined public oversight	Oversight handled by finance department and legislature without specified public disclosure mechanisms.
California	No defined public oversight	Oversight focuses on interagency coordination, finance review, audits; public transparency not specified.
Colorado	No defined public oversight	Agencies report to Joint Budget Committee and auditor; no public-facing reporting described.
Connecticut	No defined public oversight	Inventory and reporting systems serve governor and legislature; public access not mentioned.
Delaware	Strong public oversight	Block grant applications require public hearings and advance public notice on meeting calendar.
Florida	No defined public oversight	Federal funding is coordinated and reported internally; statutes do not mention public disclosure.
Georgia	Strong public oversight	State maintains a free public website showing federal grant expenditures, audits, and pass-throughs.
Hawaii	No defined public oversight	Federal grant relations and aid are managed internally; no public reporting requirement noted.
Idaho	No defined public oversight	Agencies report federal usage and contingencies to financial management; public transparency not described.
Illinois	Strong public oversight	Grant Accountability and Transparency Act provides public access to statewide grant records.
Indiana	No defined public oversight	Budget Agency reports to governor and legislature; no required public disclosure referenced.
Iowa	No defined public oversight	Grants office reports to legislature and manages contingencies; public reporting not specified.
Kansas	No defined public oversight	Finance Council and administration oversee grants and audits without described public transparency tools.
Kentucky	No defined public oversight	Finance Cabinet and Legislative Research Commission review grants; statutes omit public access provisions.
Louisiana	No defined public oversight	Division of Administration tracks applications and awards; public reporting is not mentioned.
Maine	No defined public oversight	Officials file post-disbursement reports and obtain legislative approval; public disclosure not described.
Maryland	No defined public oversight	Department of Planning sets reporting rules; texts do not mention public-facing grant information.
Massachusetts	Limited public oversight	Comptroller publishes an audited annual federal-funds report in addition to legislative updates.
Michigan	No defined public oversight	Management and Budget reports new grants and revenue estimates internally; public access not specified.
Minnesota	No defined public oversight	Legislative commission and agency reports focus on internal oversight; public disclosure not described.
Mississippi	No defined public oversight	Budget office review and audits emphasize internal accountability, not public reporting requirements.
Missouri	Strong public oversight	Large federal grants must be publicly disclosed on the Missouri Accountability Portal.
Montana	No defined public oversight	Treasurer and legislative auditor manage federal funds; statutes do not reference public reporting.
Nebraska	No defined public oversight	Administrative Services inventories funding and auditor reviews programs without stated public transparency.
Nevada	No defined public oversight	Federal Assistance Office reports to Legislative Counsel Bureau; public access requirements not mentioned.
New Hampshire	No defined public oversight	Grant approvals and audits involve governor and Fiscal Committee; no public reporting described.
New Jersey	No defined public oversight	Grants Management Office and legislative leaders oversee grants; public transparency not specified.
New Mexico	No defined public oversight	Auditor’s annual reports and finance secretary assistance are described; public access not mentioned.
New York	No defined public oversight	Budget, Taxation and Finance, and Comptroller manage grants; statutes omit public-facing requirements.
North Carolina	No defined public oversight	Treasury deposits and audits ensure control of funds; public reporting is not discussed.
North Dakota	No defined public oversight	Management and Budget and State Auditor oversee grants; texts do not mention public disclosure.
Ohio	No defined public oversight	Oversight involves governor, legislature, and auditor; statutes do not specify public access.
Oklahoma	Strong public oversight	Agencies must publicly disclose all federal funds under their control.
Oregon	No defined public oversight	Legislative approval and DAS review are outlined; no public transparency mechanisms described.
Pennsylvania	No defined public oversight	Governor’s policy office administers grants; statutes do not reference public reporting.
Rhode Island	No defined public oversight	Controller, legislature, auditor, and budget office oversee grants; public disclosure not mentioned.
South Carolina	No defined public oversight	Oversight by governor, legislature, treasurer, and comptroller lacks explicit public-reporting provisions.
South Dakota	Strong public oversight	Grant agreements and evaluation reports must be posted on a state transparency website.
Tennessee	No defined public oversight	Fiscal review, budget analysis, and audits monitor grants; public-facing requirements not specified.
Texas	Strong public oversight	Agencies must hold public hearings statewide on intended block grant uses.
Utah	No defined public oversight	Laws describe approvals and audits; no public-access or hearing requirements are mentioned.
Vermont	Strong public oversight	State publishes an online grant table; grant reports are expressly public records.
Virginia	No defined public oversight	Agencies report major grants to finance officials and legislators; public transparency not described.
Washington	No defined public oversight	Agencies report major awards; planning and audit functions are internal, not explicitly public-facing.
West Virginia	Strong public oversight	State Auditor maintains a public database of state and federally funded grants.
Wisconsin	No defined public oversight	Agencies report applications and notify auditor; texts do not mandate public disclosure.
Wyoming	No defined public oversight	Oversight centers on governor, legislature, and auditor; public reporting is not addressed.

State contingency plans for federal grants

States differ widely in whether they require agencies to prepare contingency plans for potential reductions or loss of federal funds. A small number of states have statutes requiring agencies to draft formal plans, submit mitigation strategies, or manage program adjustments when federal funding is reduced or denied. Most states, however, have no statutory requirement for contingency planning, relying instead on existing budget, audit, or reporting processes.

• Mandatory contingency plans: Four states require agencies to prepare contingency plans or take specific actions when federal funds are reduced or denied.

• No mandatory contingency plans: Forty-six states do not require agencies to develop contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.

Mandatory contingency plans

State	Mandatory contingency plans	Summary
Alabama	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Alaska	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Arizona	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Arkansas	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
California	Yes	Agencies must report denied federal applications and submit plans to secure or resolve issues preventing approval.
Colorado	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Connecticut	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Delaware	Yes	State may propose legislation to continue programs and must revert matching funds if federal support ends.
Florida	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Georgia	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Hawaii	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Idaho	Yes	Agencies must develop a plan when federal funding for a grant is reduced by 50 percent or more.
Illinois	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Indiana	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Iowa	Yes	Governor must reallocate reduced block-grant funds and notify legislators before implementing changes.
Kansas	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Kentucky	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Louisiana	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Maine	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Maryland	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Massachusetts	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Michigan	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Minnesota	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Mississippi	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Missouri	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Montana	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Nebraska	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Nevada	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
New Hampshire	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
New Jersey	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
New Mexico	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
New York	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
North Carolina	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
North Dakota	No	Statutes describe program-specific procedures for federal program termination between legislative sessions.
Ohio	No	Law permits employee furloughs when federal funds are unavailable but requires no agency contingency planning.
Oklahoma	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Oregon	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Pennsylvania	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Rhode Island	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
South Carolina	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
South Dakota	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Tennessee	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Texas	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Utah	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Vermont	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Virginia	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Washington	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
West Virginia	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Wisconsin	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.
Wyoming	No	State law does not require agencies to prepare contingency plans for the loss of federal funds.

State-by-state oversight of federal grants

This section provides access to all 50 state pages on federal grant oversight. Select a state to see how it reviews, approves, and manages federal funding through its statutes, executive procedures, legislative processes, and reporting requirements.

• Alabama
• Alaska
• Arizona
• Arkansas
• California
• Colorado
• Connecticut
• Delaware
• Florida
• Georgia
• Hawaii
• Idaho
• Illinois
• Indiana
• Iowa
• Kansas
• Kentucky
• Louisiana
• Maine
• Maryland
• Massachusetts
• Michigan
• Minnesota
• Mississippi
• Missouri
• Montana
• Nebraska
• Nevada
• New Hampshire
• New Jersey
• New Mexico
• New York
• North Carolina
• North Dakota
• Ohio
• Oklahoma
• Oregon
• Pennsylvania
• Rhode Island
• South Carolina
• South Dakota
• Tennessee
• Texas
• Utah
• Vermont
• Virginia
• Washington
• West Virginia
• Wisconsin
• Wyoming

See also

• Federalism by the numbers
• Federalism
• Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
• Regulatory mandate
• Interlocking (cooperative) federalism

External links

• Search Google News for this topic

Footnotes

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Executive: Leslie Graves, Founder and CEO • Gwen Beattie, Chief Operating Officer

Communications: Alison Graves, Director of Communications • Carley Allensworth • Abigail Campbell • Frank Festa • Sarah Groat • Nathaniel Harwood • Dillon Redmond
External Relations: Geoff Pallay, Director of External Relations • Ken Carbullido, Vice President of Election Product and Technology Strategy • Ashley Fleming • Thomas Mardik • Hannah Nelson
Operations: Meghann Olshefski, Director of Operations • Amanda Herbert • Mandy Morris • Caroline Presnell • Kelly Rindfleisch
Tech: Matt Latourelle, Director of Technology Operations • Ryan Burch • Kirsten Corrao • Beth Dellea • Travis Eden • Tate Kamish • Margaret Kearney • Eric Lotto • Joseph Sanchez • Mary Susmitha

Contributors: Scott Rasmussen

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Editorial Content

Josh Altic, Director of Content • Daniel Anderson, Associate Director of Elections & Data • Cory Eucalitto, Associate Director of Features • Ryan Byrne, Managing Editor of Ballot Measures • Mandy McConnell, Managing Editor of News • Doug Kronaizl, Managing Editor of Local Expansion • Abbey Smith, Managing Editor of Elections • Janie Valentine, Managing Editor of Law • Joel Williams, Managing Editor of Events • Andrew Bahl • Jaclyn Beran • Marielle Bricker • Joseph Brusgard • Emma Burlingame • Kelly Coyle • Jon Dunn • Victoria Edwards • Thomas Ellis • Nicole Fisher • Joseph Greaney • Thomas Grobben • Brianna Hosea • Molly Kehoe • Tyler King • Glorie Martinez • Norm Leahy, Senior Editor • Nathan Maxwell • Jimmy McAllister • Brandon McCauley • Ellie Mikus • Ellen Morrissey • Mackenzie Murphy • Kaley Platek • Samantha Post • Adam Powell • Annelise Reinwald • Spencer Richardson • Victoria Rose • Briana Ryan • Myj Saintyl • Maddy Salucka • Emma Soukup • Alexis Thacker • Mina Vogel • Samuel Wonacott • Trenton Woodcox

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