Confirmation process for Elise Stefanik for ambassador to the United Nations

Trump Administration
(second term)
Donald Trump • J.D. Vance

Administration: Donald Trump's Cabinet • Confirmation process for Cabinet nominees • Confirmation votes by senator • Executive orders and actions • Key legislation • Vetoes • White House staff • Ambassadors • Special envoys • Multistate lawsuits • Supreme Court emergency orders

Transition: Transition • What happens during a presidential transition? • Certification of electoral votes • 2024 presidential election

First term: Transition • Confirmation process for Cabinet nominees • Cabinet • Administration

President-elect Donald Trump (R) announced U.S. Rep. Elise Stefanik (R-N.Y.) as his nominee for U.S. ambassador to the United Nations on November 11, 2024. This presidential appointment would have required Senate confirmation.

On March 27, Trump withdrew Stefanik's nomination. In a statement Trump said, "With a very tight Majority, I don’t want to take a chance on anyone else running for Elise’s seat. The people love Elise and, with her, we have nothing to worry about come Election Day. There are others that can do a good job at the United Nations. Therefore, Elise will stay in Congress, rejoin the House Leadership Team, and continue to fight for our amazing American People."^[1]

The Senate Foreign Relations Committee held a confirmation hearing for Stefanik on January 21, 2025.^[2] Click here to read more about the confirmation process.

Click here to read more about the confirmation process for Trump's U.S. ambassador to the United Nations in his second presidential term.

This page includes the following information about the confirmation process:

Confirmation vote roll call
Senate confirmation hearing
Financial disclosures
About the nominee
About the confirmation process
Other Trump Cabinet nominees
Historical comparison of Cabinet confirmations

Confirmation process

See also: Confirmation process for Donald Trump's Cabinet nominees, 2025

Senate confirmation hearing

The Senate Foreign Relations Committee held a confirmation hearing for Stefanik on January 21, 2025.^[3]

Elise Stefanik's Senate confirmation hearing, January 21, 2025

History of withdrawn Cabinet nominations

Elise Stefanik's withdrawal from consideration as U.S. ambassador to the United Nations was the second of Trump's initial Cabinet nominees to withdraw. The first was Matt Gaetz, who withdrew from consideration as U.S. attorney general in November 2024.

Trump's 2025 presidential transition was the seventh presidential transition in a row where a president had at least one nominee withdrawn or rejected by the U.S. Senate before the end of their second month in office.

Joe Biden (D) withdrew one nominee, Neera Tanden for administrator of the Office of Management and Budget. Tanden's nomination was announced on November 30, 2020, and withdrawn on March 2, 2021, after Senate committee hearings.^[4]^[5]

George H.W. Bush (R), Bill Clinton (D), George W. Bush (R), and Trump, during his first term, each also had one nomination withdrawn or rejected before the end of their second month in office, while Barack Obama (D) had three in this timeframe.^[6]

According to the Center for Presidential Transition, "most unsuccessful nominees are withdrawn prior to a Senate vote when it becomes apparent there is not enough support for confirmation. Administrations typically anticipate a candidate cannot win in the Senate and withdraw the nomination before a failed vote takes place. In fact, only one Cabinet nominee has been rejected in a Senate floor vote in the last 60 years – George H. W. Bush’s nominee for secretary of Defense, John Tower, in 1989." Of the seven nominations withdrawn towards the start of a presidential transition since 2001, Gaetz's withdrawal from consideration is the fourth nomination withdrawn before the Senate officially received the nomination.^[6]

About the nominee

Elise Stefanik was born in Albany, New York, in 1984.^[7] She earned a bachelor's degree in government from Harvard University in 2006.^[8] She worked as an aide to former President George W. Bush (R) from 2006 to 2009, and was the director of 2012 vice presidential debate preparations for Paul Ryan (R).^[9] She also managed sales and marketing for her family’s business, Premium Plywood Products.^[10]

Nomination for U.S. ambassador to the United Nations

See also: Donald Trump presidential transition, 2024-2025 and Confirmation process for Elise Stefanik for ambassador to the United Nations

Donald Trump's Cabinet (second term)
Candidate: Elise Stefanik
Position: Ambassador to the United Nations
a	Announced:	November 11, 2024
a	Hearing:	January 21, 2025
a	Committee:	Foreign Relations
a	Reported:	Favorable (Voice Vote)
a	Confirmed:	N/A
a	Vote:	N/A

Trump announced on November 11, 2024, that he had selected Stefanik as his nominee for ambassador to the United Nations in his second presidential term. Trump said of her nomination, "I am honored to nominate Chairwoman Elise Stefanik to serve in my Cabinet as U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations. Elise is an incredibly strong, tough, and smart America First fighter."^[11]

On March 27, Trump withdrew Stefanik's nomination. In a statement Trump said, "With a very tight Majority, I don’t want to take a chance on anyone else running for Elise’s seat. The people love Elise and, with her, we have nothing to worry about come Election Day. There are others that can do a good job at the United Nations. Therefore, Elise will stay in Congress, rejoin the House Leadership Team, and continue to fight for our amazing American People."^[12]

The Senate Foreign Relations Committee held a confirmation hearing for Stefanik on January 21, 2025.^[13] Click here to read more about the confirmation process.

Committee assignments

U.S. House

2025-2026

Stefanik was assigned to the following committees:^[Source]

2023-2024

Stefanik was assigned to the following committees:^[Source]

2021-2022

Stefanik was assigned to the following committees:^[Source]

2017-2018

At the beginning of the 115th Congress, Stefanik was assigned to the following committees:^[14]

2015-2016

Stefanik served on the following committees:^[15]

Elections

2026

Note: At this time, Ballotpedia is combining all declared candidates for this election into one list under a general election heading. As primary election dates are published, this information will be updated to separate general election candidates from primary candidates as appropriate.

General election

The general election will occur on November 3, 2026.

General election for U.S. House New York District 21

The following candidates are running in the general election for U.S. House New York District 21 on November 3, 2026.

		Candidate
		Elise Stefanik (R)
		Paula Collins (D)
	Submit photo	Blake Gendebien (D)
		Maylon Haller (D)
	Submit photo	Andrew Henson (D)
	Submit photo	Dylan Hewitt (D)

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Steven Holden (D)

Endorsements

Ballotpedia is gathering information about candidate endorsements. To send us an endorsement, click here.

2024

New York's 21st Congressional District election, 2024 (June 25 Republican primary)

New York's 21st Congressional District election, 2024 (June 25 Democratic primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 21

Incumbent Elise Stefanik defeated Paula Collins and Scott Phillip Lewis in the general election for U.S. House New York District 21 on November 5, 2024.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Elise Stefanik (R / Conservative Party)	62.0	215,996
	Paula Collins (D / Working Families Party)	38.0	132,447
	Scott Phillip Lewis (Independent) (Write-in)	0.0	0
	Other/Write-in votes	0.1	197

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 348,640
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

The Democratic primary election was canceled. Paula Collins advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 21.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Steven Holden (D)

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Incumbent Elise Stefanik advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 21.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Jill Lochner (R)

Conservative Party primary election

The Conservative Party primary election was canceled. Incumbent Elise Stefanik advanced from the Conservative Party primary for U.S. House New York District 21.

Working Families Party primary election

The Working Families Party primary election was canceled. Paula Collins advanced from the Working Families Party primary for U.S. House New York District 21.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Brian Rouleau (Working Families Party)

Endorsements

Stefanik received the following endorsements.

Former President Donald Trump (R)

2022

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 21

Incumbent Elise Stefanik defeated Matt Castelli in the general election for U.S. House New York District 21 on November 8, 2022.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Elise Stefanik (R / Conservative Party)	59.1	168,579
	Matt Castelli (D / Moderate Party)	40.8	116,421
	Other/Write-in votes	0.0	95

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 285,095
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 21

Matt Castelli defeated Matthew Putorti in the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 21 on August 23, 2022.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Matt Castelli	80.8	19,319
	Matthew Putorti	18.9	4,528
	Other/Write-in votes	0.2	52

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 23,899
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Incumbent Elise Stefanik advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 21.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Lonny Koons (R)

Conservative Party primary election

The Conservative Party primary election was canceled. Incumbent Elise Stefanik advanced from the Conservative Party primary for U.S. House New York District 21.

2020

New York's 21st Congressional District election, 2020 (June 23 Democratic primary)

New York's 21st Congressional District election, 2020 (June 23 Republican primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 21

Incumbent Elise Stefanik defeated Tedra Cobb in the general election for U.S. House New York District 21 on November 3, 2020.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Elise Stefanik (R / Conservative Party / Independence Party)	58.8	188,655
	Tedra Cobb (D / Working Families Party)	41.1	131,995
	Other/Write-in votes	0.0	138

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 320,788
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

The Democratic primary election was canceled. Tedra Cobb advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 21.

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Incumbent Elise Stefanik advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 21.

Conservative Party primary election

The Conservative Party primary election was canceled. Incumbent Elise Stefanik advanced from the Conservative Party primary for U.S. House New York District 21.

Independence Party primary election

The Independence Party primary election was canceled. Incumbent Elise Stefanik advanced from the Independence Party primary for U.S. House New York District 21.

Serve America Movement Party primary election

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Jeffrey French (Serve America Movement Party)

Working Families Party primary election

The Working Families Party primary election was canceled. Tedra Cobb advanced from the Working Families Party primary for U.S. House New York District 21.

2018

See also: New York's 21st Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 21

Incumbent Elise Stefanik defeated Tedra Cobb and Lynn Kahn in the general election for U.S. House New York District 21 on November 6, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Elise Stefanik (R)	56.1	131,981
	Tedra Cobb (D)	42.4	99,791
	Lynn Kahn (G)	1.5	3,437

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 235,209 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Katie Wilson (Working Families Party)
Dylan Ratigan (Women's Equality Party)
Chris Schmidt (L)
Steve Krieg (Independent)

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 21

Tedra Cobb defeated Katie Wilson, Dylan Ratigan, Emily Martz, and Patrick Nelson in the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 21 on June 26, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Tedra Cobb	55.7	10,853
	Katie Wilson	12.1	2,356
	Dylan Ratigan	11.9	2,313
	Emily Martz	11.1	2,165
	Patrick Nelson	9.2	1,802

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 19,489
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 21

Incumbent Elise Stefanik advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 21 on June 26, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Elise Stefanik

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Russell Finley (R)
Steven Schnibbe (R)

Green primary election

Green primary for U.S. House New York District 21

Lynn Kahn advanced from the Green primary for U.S. House New York District 21 on June 26, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Lynn Kahn

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Women's Equality Party primary election

Women's Equality Party primary for U.S. House New York District 21

Dylan Ratigan advanced from the Women's Equality Party primary for U.S. House New York District 21 on June 26, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Dylan Ratigan

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Working Families Party primary election

Working Families Party primary for U.S. House New York District 21

Katie Wilson advanced from the Working Families Party primary for U.S. House New York District 21 on June 26, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Katie Wilson

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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2016

See also: New York's 21st Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Republican. Incumbent Elise Stefanik (R) defeated Mike Derrick (D) and Matt Funiciello (G) in the general election on November 8, 2016. No candidate faced any opposition in the primaries on June 28, 2016.^[16]^[17]

**U.S. House, New York District 21 General Election, 2016**
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Elise Stefanik Incumbent	65.3%	177,886
	Democratic	Mike Derrick	30.2%	82,161
	Green	Matt Funiciello	4.6%	12,452
Total Votes				272,499
Source: New York Board of Elections

Stefanik formally announced that she would run for election in 2016 on January 20, 2016. In her statement she said, "My top priority has been keeping my promises to bring a new generation of leadership to congress, and to demonstrate a new approach with a focus on accountability and transparency, accessibility through hundreds of community events to hear directly from constituents, and by prioritizing legislation that helps people raise a family or make a living in the north country, not make it harder."^[18]

Stefanik was a member of the National Republican Congressional Committee's Patriot Program. The program was designed to help protect vulnerable Republican incumbents heading into the 2016 election.^[19]

2014

See also: New York's 21st Congressional District elections, 2014

The 21st Congressional District of New York held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014. Because incumbent Bill Owens (D) did not run for re-election, many predicted a close race between Republican, Conservative and Independence Party candidate Elise Stefanik and Democratic and Working Families Party candidate Aaron Woolf. Contrary to expectations, Stefanik defeated Woolf by a wide margin of victory, switching the partisan control of the seat from Democratic to Republican.^[20]

Matt Funiciello also ran against Stefanik and Woolf on the Green ticket. Neither Woolf nor Funiciello faced competition in the primary election on June 24, 2014, while Stefanik battled with Matt Doheny for the Republican nomination. Although Doheny won the Independence Party's nomination, he was later nominated for a state Supreme Court judgeship, which removed him from the ballot and allowed the Independence Party to endorse Stefanik.

New York's 21st was considered a battleground district in 2014. Although Democratic President Barack Obama won the district by a fairly safe 6.1 percent margin of victory in 2012, Owens won by a mere 1.9 percent margin of victory that same year. In addition, with New York's 21st being an open seat in 2014, none of the candidates possessed the advantages that often come with incumbency, such as increased campaign finances and name recognition.

**U.S. House, New York District 21 General Election, 2014**
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Republican	Elise Stefanik	55.1%	96,226
	Democratic	Aaron Woolf	33.8%	59,063
	Green	Matt Funiciello	11%	19,238
	N/A	Write-in votes	0.1%	141
Total Votes				174,668
Source: New York State Board of Elections, NYS Board of Elections Rep. in Congress Election Returns November 4, 2014," accessed August 30, 2021

**U.S. House, New York District 21 Republican Primary, 2014**
Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Elise Stefanik	60.8%	16,489
Matt Doheny	39.2%	10,620
Total Votes		27,109
Source: New York State Board of Elections - Official Election Results

Race background

Democratic incumbent Bill Owens announced in January 2014 that he would not seek re-election.^[21]

The National Republican Congressional Committee added Stefanik to their "On the Radar" list in November 2013. According to the NRCC, candidates that made this list were set to receive "...the tools they need to run successful, winning campaigns against their Democratic opponents."^[22]^[23]

2014 Independence Party filing

In addition to the Republican and Conservative parties, Stefanik also tried to file with the Independence Party. However, the New York Board of Elections declared her petition to be invalid. The investigation arose after Stefanik accused her opponent in the Republican primary, Matt Doheny, of producing fraudulent signatures. Doheny retaliated by accusing Stefanik of the same offense, and the New York Board of Elections declared both Stefanik's Independence petition and Doheny's Conservative petition invalid.^[24]

Youngest congresswoman

As of the November 2014 general election, Stefanik became the youngest woman ever elected to the U.S. House of Representatives.^[25] The record for youngest congresswoman prior to Stefanik was Elizabeth Holtzman (D-NY). Holtzman was elected in 1972 at the age of 31.^[26] Stefanik was 30 years old at the time of her swearing-in to Congress.^[27]

Endorsements

Stefanik received the following endorsements:

The Susan B. Anthony List Candidate Fund^[28]
Several community and business leaders, listed on her website^[29]
New York Assemblyman Dan Stec (R)^[30]
Rep. Paul Ryan (R)^[31]
The Essex County Board of Supervisors (14 out of 18 supervisors)^[32]
The Franklin County Conservative Party^[33]
Eleven of the 12 Republican county chairs in New York's 21st District^[34]
The Support, Honor, Elect (SHE) PAC^[35]
Mitt Romney (R)^[36]
RightNOW Women PAC^[37]
Matt Doheny, Stefanik's rival in the GOP primary^[38]

Campaign themes

2026

Ballotpedia survey responses

Elise Stefanik has not yet completed Ballotpedia's 2026 Candidate Connection survey. Send a message to Elise Stefanik asking her to fill out the survey. If you are Elise Stefanik, click here to fill out Ballotpedia's 2026 Candidate Connection survey.

Who fills out Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey?

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You can ask Elise Stefanik to fill out this survey by using the button below or emailing info@eliseforcongress.com.

2024

Elise Stefanik did not complete Ballotpedia's 2024 Candidate Connection survey.

2022

Elise Stefanik did not complete Ballotpedia's 2022 Candidate Connection survey.

2020

Elise Stefanik did not complete Ballotpedia's 2020 Candidate Connection survey.

2016

The following issues were listed on Stefanik's campaign website. For a full list of campaign themes, click here.

“

Economy: Create jobs and economic opportunities for small businesses to grow in Upstate New York.

Regulatory & Tax Reform: Reduce the out-of-control tax and regulatory burdens facing small businesses by reforming the tax code to be flatter and fairer.

Healthcare: Repeal Obamacare and replace it with common sense solutions to lower health care costs and improve quality and access.

Fiscal Responsibility: Fight for fiscal responsibility by balancing the budget and protecting and preserving entitlements.

Agriculture: Support Upstate farmers – the backbone of our North Country communities.^[39]

”

—Elise Stefanik's campaign website, http://eliseforcongress.com/policy/

2014

Stefanik listed the following themes on her website:^[40]

“

Economy: "Create jobs and economic opportunities for small businesses to grow in Upstate New York."
Regulatory & Tax Reform: "Reduce the out-of-control tax and regulatory burdens facing small businesses by reforming the tax code to be flatter and fairer."
Healthcare: "Repeal Obamacare and replace it with common sense solutions to lower health care costs and improve quality and access."
Fiscal Responsibility: "Fight for fiscal responsibility by balancing the budget and protecting and preserving entitlements."
Agriculture: "Support Upstate farmers – the backbone of our North Country communities."
Veterans & Military Families: "Protect Fort Drum and ensure veterans and military families receive the care and services they’ve earned."
Constitution: "Defend constitutional liberties, protect the 2nd Amendment."
Immigration: "A nation of immigrants, a nation of laws."
Energy: "Affordable energy means ‘all of the above’."
Environment: "Preserving our greatest asset for future generations."
Education: "Local and accountable."

^[39]

”

—Elise Stefanik, Campaign website (archive)

Campaign finance summary

Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.

Elise Stefanik campaign contribution history
Year	Office	Status	Contributions	Expenditures
2026*	U.S. House New York District 21	Candidacy Declared general	$2,217,280	$963,887
2024*	U.S. House New York District 21	Won general	$15,467,578	$7,636,449
2022	U.S. House New York District 21	Won general	$9,489,981	$10,556,733
2020	U.S. House New York District 21	Won general	$13,349,929	$11,718,617
2018	U.S. House New York District 21	Won general	$2,808,067	$2,998,028
2016	U.S. House, New York District 21	Won	$3,118,797	N/A**
2014	U.S. House (New York, District 21)	Won	$1,915,717	N/A**
** Data on expenditures is not available for this election cycle
Note: Totals above reflect only available data.

Notable endorsements

See also: Ballotpedia: Our approach to covering endorsements

This section displays endorsements this individual made in elections within Ballotpedia's coverage scope.

Notable candidate endorsements by Elise Stefanik
Endorsee	Election	Stage	Outcome
Curtis Sliwa ^source (Protect Animals, R)	Mayor of New York (2025)	General	Advanced in Primary
Donald Trump ^source (Conservative Party, R)	President of the United States (2024)	Primary	Won General
Scott Baugh ^source (R)	U.S. House California District 47 (2024)	Primary	Lost General
Mike Bost ^source (R)	U.S. House Illinois District 12 (2024)	Primary	Won General
Derrick Anderson ^source (R)	U.S. House Virginia District 7 (2024)	General	Lost General
Riley Moore ^source (R)	U.S. House West Virginia District 2 (2024)	Primary	Won General
Kari Lake ^source (R)	U.S. Senate Arizona (2024)	Primary	Lost General
Jim Banks ^source (R)	U.S. Senate Indiana (2024)	Primary	Won General
Erin Houchin ^source (R)	U.S. House Indiana District 9 (2022)	Primary	Won General
Mayra Flores ^source (R)	U.S. House Texas District 34 (2022)	General	Won General
Crystal Vanuch ^source (R)	U.S. House Virginia District 7 (2022)	Primary	Lost Primary
Harriet Hageman ^source (R)	U.S. House Wyoming At-large District (2022)	Primary	Won General
Ted Budd ^source (R)	U.S. Senate North Carolina (2022)	Primary	Won General
Jane Timken ^source (R)	U.S. Senate Ohio (2022)	Primary	Lost Primary
David McCormick ^source (R)	U.S. Senate Pennsylvania (2022)	Primary	Lost Primary

Personal finance disclosures

Members of the House are required to file financial disclosure reports. You can search disclosure reports on the House’s official website here.

Analysis

Below are links to scores and rankings Ballotpedia compiled for members of Congress. We chose analyses that help readers understand how each individual legislator fit into the context of the chamber as a whole in terms of ideology, bill advancement, bipartisanship, and more.

If you would like to suggest an analysis for inclusion in this section, please email editor@ballotpedia.org.

119th Congress (2025-2027)

Rankings and scores for the 119th Congress

118th Congress (2023-2025)

Rankings and scores for the 118th Congress

117th Congress (2021-2023)

Rankings and scores for the 117th Congress

116th Congress (2019-2021)

Rankings and scores for the 116th Congress

Voting alignment with the president

Analysis of percentage of votes that aligned with the president's positions

GovTrack Ideology scores

Ideological scores for members of Congress based on patterns of co-sponsorship

Center for Effective Lawmaking scores

Effectiveness scores based on bills sponsored, actions taken on sponsored bills, and substantiveness of bills

Lugar - McCourt Bipartisan Index

Bipartisan rankings based on cross-party bill co-sponsorship

115th Congress (2017-2019)

Rankings and scores for the 115th Congress

Voting alignment with the president

Analysis of percentage of votes that aligned with the president's positions

GovTrack Ideology scores

Ideological scores for members of Congress based on patterns of co-sponsorship

Center for Effective Lawmaking scores

Effectiveness scores based on bills sponsored, actions taken on sponsored bills, and substantiveness of bills

Lugar - McCourt Bipartisan Index

Bipartisan rankings based on cross-party bill co-sponsorship

114th Congress (2015-2017)

Rankings and scores for the 114th Congress

GovTrack Ideology scores

Ideological scores for members of Congress based on patterns of co-sponsorship

Center for Effective Lawmaking scores

Effectiveness scores based on bills sponsored, actions taken on sponsored bills, and substantiveness of bills

Lugar - McCourt Bipartisan Index

Bipartisan rankings based on cross-party bill co-sponsorship

Open Congress' "Votes most/least often with" and "Voting with party"

List of members of Congress this legislator voted most and least often with and percentage of votes aligned with their party

Noteworthy events

Reported as possible 2024 Republican vice presidential nominee

See also: Vice presidential candidates, 2024

Media reports discussed Stefanik as a possible 2024 Republican vice presidential candidate.^[41] Former President Donald Trump (R) selected U.S. Sen. J.D. Vance (R-Ohio) as his running mate on July 15, 2024, the first day of the 2024 Republican National Convention.

In 2020, President Joe Biden (D) announced Vice President Kamala Harris (D) as his running mate six days before the start of the Democratic National Convention (DNC). In 2016, both Hillary Clinton (D) and Trump announced their running mates three days before the DNC and RNC, respectively.

Selection as Republican Conference chairwoman

See also: U.S. House leadership elections, 2023

Stefanik was re-elected to be House Republican Conference chairwoman in the 118th Congress when House Republicans held their leadership elections on November 15, 2022. She defeated Byron Donalds 144-74.^[42]

Electoral vote certification on January 6-7, 2021

See also: Counting of electoral votes (January 6-7, 2021)

Congress convened a joint session on January 6-7, 2021, to count electoral votes by state and confirm the results of the 2020 presidential election. Stefanik voted against certifying the electoral votes from Pennsylvania. The House rejected the objection by a vote of 138-282.

Signed letter opposing government shutdown (2015)

Stefanik, along with ten other GOP House freshmen, composed a letter to their Republican colleagues in September 2015, urging them to pass a resolution to avert a government shutdown. The letter read:

“

[W]e are writing today to express our strong support for a funding resolution that will avoid another unnecessary and harmful government shutdown. [W]e were elected by our constituent’s to be principled, pragmatic leaders... The sixteen-day government shutdown in 2013... not only hurt taxpayers with the loss of important government services — it actually cost more taxpayer money to close the federal government than to keep it open.^[43]^[39]

”

Key votes

See also: Key votes

Ballotpedia monitors legislation that receives a vote and highlights the ones that we consider to be key to understanding where elected officials stand on the issues. To read more about how we identify key votes, click here.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023-2025

The 118th United States Congress began on January 3, 2023, and ended on January 3, 2025. At the start of the session, Republicans held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (222-212), and Democrats held the majority in the U.S. Senate (51-49). Joe Biden (D) was the president and Kamala Harris (D) was the vice president. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023-2025

Vote

Bill and description

Status

Yea

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (H.R. 2670) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 22, 2023, authorizing Department of Defense activities and programs for fiscal year 2024. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.^[44]

Passed (310-118)^[45]

Yea

To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes.

H.R. 185 (To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes.) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to nullify a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) order restricting the entry of foreign citizens to the United States unless the individual was vaccinated against the coronavirus or attested they would take public health measures to prevent the spread of the coronavirus. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[46]

Passed (227-201)^[47]

Yea

Limit, Save, Grow Act of 2023

The Limit, Save, Grow Act of 2023 (H.R. 2811) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to raise the federal debt limit before a June 5, 2023, deadline. The bill also sought to repeal certain green energy tax credits, increase domestic natural gas and oil production, expand work requirements for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) program, and nullify President Joe Biden's (D) proposed student loan debt cancellation program. This bill was not taken up in the Senate, and the debt limit was instead raised through the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[48]

Passed (217-215)^[49]

Yea

Denouncing the horrors of socialism.

H.Con.Res. 9 (Denouncing the horrors of socialism.) was a resolution approved by the House of Representatives denouncing socialism and opposing the implementation of socialist policies in the United States. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[50]

Passed (328-86)^[51]

Yea

Lower Energy Costs Act

The Lower Energy Costs Act (H.R. 1) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to increase domestic energy production and exports by increasing the production of oil, natural gas, and coal, reducing permitting restrictions for pipelines, refineries, and other energy projects, and increase the production of minerals used in electronics, among other energy production-related policies. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[52]

Passed (225-204)^[53]

Yea

Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights".

H.J.Res. 30 (Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights".) was a joint resolution of disapproval under the terms of the Congressional Review Act (CRA) passed by the 118th Congress and vetoed by President Joe Biden (D) on March 20, 2023. This was Biden's first veto of his presidency. The resolution sought to nullify a Department of Labor rule that amended the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) to allow retirement plans to consider certain environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) factors in investment-related decisions. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[54] Click here to read more.

Passed (219-200)^[55]

Yea

Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020.

H.J.Res. 7 (Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020.) was a joint resolution of disapproval under the terms of the Congressional Review Act (CRA) passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on April 10, 2023. The resolution ended the national coronavirus state of emergency, which began on March 13, 2020. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[56] Click here to read more.

Passed (229-197)^[57]

Yea

Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023

The Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 (H.R. 3746) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on June 3, 2023. The bill raised the federal debt limit until January 2025. The bill also capped non-defense spending in fiscal year 2024, rescinded unspent coronavirus relief funding, rescinded some Internal Revenue Service (IRS) funding, enhanced work requirements for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families program (TANF), simplified environmental reviews for energy projects, and ended the student loan debt repayment pause in August 2023. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[58] Click here to read more.

Passed (314-117)^[59]

Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.)

Speaker of the House election (January 2023) - 15th vote

In January 2023, the House of Representatives held its regular election for Speaker of the House at the start of the 118th Congress. Voting began on January 3, and ended on January 7. Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) was elected speaker of the House in a 216-212 vote during the 15th round of voting. In order to elect a Speaker of the House, a majority of votes cast for a person by name was required.^[60] Click here to read more.

Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) (216-212)

Nay

Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant.

H.Res. 757 (Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant.) was a resolution passed by the House of Representatives that removed Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) from his position as Speaker of the House. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[61] Click here to read more.

Passed (216-210)^[62]

Rep. Mike Johnson (R-La.)

Speaker of the House election (October 2023) - 4th vote

In October 2023, following Rep. Kevin McCarthy's (R-Calif.) removal as Speaker of the House, the House of Representatives held another election for the position. Voting began on October 17 and ended on October 25. Rep. Mike Johnson (R-La.) was elected Speaker of the House in a 220-209 vote in the fourth round of voting. In order to elect a Speaker of the House, a majority of votes cast for a person by name was required.^[63] Click here to read more.

Rep. Mike Johnson (R-La.) (220-209)

Yea

Directing certain committees to continue their ongoing investigations as part of the existing House of Representatives inquiry into whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its Constitutional power to impeach Joseph Biden, President of the United States of America, and for other purposes.

H.Res. 918 (Directing certain committees to continue their ongoing investigations as part of the existing House of Representatives inquiry into whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its Constitutional power to impeach Joseph Biden, President of the United States of America, and for other purposes.) was a resolution passed by the House of Representatives that formally authorized an impeachment inquiry into President Joe Biden (D). The inquiry focused on allegations that Biden used his influence as vice president from 2009 to 2017 to improperly profit from his son Hunter Biden's business dealings. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[64] Click here to read more.

Passed (221-212)^[65]

Nay

Providing for the expulsion of Representative George Santos from the United States House of Representatives.

H.Res. 878 (Providing for the expulsion of Representative George Santos from the United States House of Representatives.) was a resolution passed by the House of Representatives that removed Rep. George Santos (R-N.Y.) from office following a House Ethics Committee investigation that determined there was substantial evidence that Santos violated the law during his 2020 and 2022 campaigns. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[66]

Passed (311-114)^[67]

Nay

The Social Security Fairness Act of 2023

The Social Security Fairness Act of 2023 (H.R. 82) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on January 5, 2025, that reduced Social Security benefits for individuals who received other pensions from state or local governments. It also eliminated an offset that would reduce benefits for spouses and widows of individuals with government pensions. It also eliminated a provision that reduced benefits for an individual who received a pension or disability benefit from an employer that did not withhold Social Security taxes. This bill required a 2/3rds majority vote to pass.^[68]

Passed (327-75)^[69]

Yea

Secure the Border Act of 2023

The Secure the Border Act of 2023 (H.R. 2) was passed by the U.S. House on May 11, 2024. This bill would have introduced limits to asylum eligibility and required employers to use electronic verification of employee's legal eligibility to work. This bill required a simple majority vote.^[70]

Passed (219-213)^[71]

Yea

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024

The Consolidated Appropriations Act 2024 (H.R. 4366) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on March 9, 2024, authorizing appropriations for various government departments for the fiscal year 2024. The bill required a majority vote to pass.^[72]

Passed (219-211)^[73]

Yea

Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024

The Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024 (H.R. 7024) was a bill passed by the U.S. House on January 31, 2024, that would have modified the U.S. tax code, increasing how much money can be given back in credits and what is exempt. This bill required a 2/3rds majority vote to pass.^[74]

Passed (357-70)^[75]

Yea

Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025

The Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 (H.R. 8070) was passed by the U.S. House on June 14, 2024. The bill would have modified defense spending in the fiscal year 2025. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report. ^[76]

Passed (217-199)^[77]

Yea

Antisemitism Awareness Act of 2023

The Antisemitism Awareness Act of 2023 (H.R. 6090) was passed by the U.S. House on May 1, 2024. This bill made it so the Department of Education's Office of Civil Rights could have the authority to use the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance's definition of antisemitism when investigating cases of discrimination. This bill required a simple majority vote to pass.^[78]

Passed (320-91)^[79]

Yea

FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024

The FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024 (H.R.3935) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on May 16, 2024, that reauthorized Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) funding until fiscal year 2028. The bill also made other modifications to address various department-related issues. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.^[80]

Passed (387-26)^[81]

Yea

Stop Terror-Financing and Tax Penalties on American Hostages Act

The Stop Terror-Financing and Tax Penalties on American Hostages Act (H.R. 9495) was passed by the U.S. House on November 21, 2024. The bill would have postponed U.S. tax deadlines for citizens who were wrongfully detained abroad. This bill required a simple majority to pass.^[82]

Passed (219-184)^[83]

Yea

Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors.

H.Res.863, Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors, passed the U.S. House on February 13, 2024. The resolution impeached U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas (D) for high crimes and misdemeanors. The motion to impeach required a majority in the House and a 2/3rds vote in the Senate.^[84]

Passed (214-213)^[85]

Yea

Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025

H.R.9747, the Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025, was passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on September 26, 2024, providing funding to federal agencies, including the Secret Service, and federal programs for the 2025 fiscal year. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.^[86]

Passed (341-82)^[87]

Key votes: Previous sessions of Congress

Key votes (click "show" to expand or "hide" to contract)

Key votes: 117th Congress, 2021-2023

The 117th United States Congress began on January 3, 2021 and ended on January 3, 2023. At the start of the session, Democrats held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (222-213), and the U.S. Senate had a 50-50 makeup. Democrats assumed control of the Senate on January 20, 2021, when President Joe Biden (D) and Vice President Kamala Harris (D), who acted as a tie-breaking vote in the chamber, assumed office. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 117th Congress, 2021-2023

Vote

Bill and description

Status

Nay

Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act

The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (H.R. 3684) was a federal infrastructure bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on November 15, 2021. Among other provisions, the bill provided funding for new infrastructure projects and reauthorizations, Amtrak maintenance and development, bridge repair, replacement, and rehabilitation, clean drinking water, high-speed internet, and clean energy transmission and power infrastructure upgrades. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[88] Click here to read more.

Passed (228-206)

Nay

American Rescue Plan Act of 2021

The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (H.R. 1319) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on March 11, 2021, to provide economic relief in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Key features of the bill included funding for a national vaccination program and response, funding to safely reopen schools, distribution of $1,400 per person in relief payments, and extended unemployment benefits. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[89] Click here to read more.

Passed (220-210)

Nay

Inflation Reduction Act of 2022

The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (H.R. 5376) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on August 16, 2022, to address climate change, healthcare costs, and tax enforcement. Key features of the bill included a $369 billion investment to address energy security and climate change, an extension of Affordable Care Act subsidies, allowing Medicare to negotiate certain drug prices, a 15% corporate minimum tax, a 1% stock buyback fee, and enhanced Internal Revenue Service (IRS) enforcement, and an estimated $300 billion deficit reduction from 2022-2031. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[90] Click here to read more.

Passed (220-207)

Nay

Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act

The Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act (H.R. 3617) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to decriminalize marijuana, establish studies of legal marijuana sales, tax marijuana imports and production, and establish a process to expunge and review federal marijuana offenses. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[91]

Passed (220-204)

Nay

For the People Act of 2021

The For the People Act of 2021 (H.R. 1) was a federal election law and government ethics bill approved by the House of Representatives. The Congressional Research Service said the bill would "expand voter registration (e.g., automatic and same-day registration) and voting access (e.g., vote-by-mail and early voting). It [would also limit] removing voters from voter rolls. ... Further, the bill [would address] campaign finance, including by expanding the prohibition on campaign spending by foreign nationals, requiring additional disclosure of campaign-related fundraising and spending, requiring additional disclaimers regarding certain political advertising, and establishing an alternative campaign funding system for certain federal offices." The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[92] Click here to read more.

Passed (220-210)

Nay

Assault Weapons Ban of 2022

The Assault Weapons Ban of 2022 (H.R. 1808) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives that sought to criminalize the knowing import, sale, manufacture, transfer, or possession of semiautomatic assault weapons (SAW) or large capacity ammunition feeding devices (LCAFD). The bill made exemptions for grandfathered SAWs and LCAFDs. It required a simple majority vote in the House.^[93]

Passed (217-213)

Yea

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (S. 1605) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 27, 2021, authorizing Department of Defense acitivities and programs for fiscal year 2022. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[94]

Passed (363-70)

Yea

James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023

The James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (H.R. 7776) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 23, 2022, authorizing Department of Defense activities and programs for fiscal year 2023. The bill required a 2/3 majority in the House to suspend rules and pass the bill as amended.^[95]

Passed (350-80)

Nay

American Dream and Promise Act of 2021

The American Dream and Promise Act of 2021 (H.R. 6) was an immigration bill approved by the House of Representatives that proposed a path to permanent residence status for unauthorized immigrants eligible for Temporary Protected Status or Deferred Enforced Departure, among other immigration-related proposals. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[96]

Passed (228-197)

Yea

Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022

The Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022 (S. 3373) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on August 10, 2022, that sought to address healthcare access, the presumption of service-connection, and research, resources, and other matters related to veterans who were exposed to toxic substances during military service. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[97]

Passed (342-88)

Nay

Chips and Science Act

The Chips and Science Act (H.R. 4346) was a bill approved by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on August 9, 2022, which sought to fund domestic production of semiconductors and authorized various federal science agency programs and activities. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[98]

Passed (243-187)

Nay

Women’s Health Protection Act of 2021

The Women's Health Protection Act of 2021 (H.R. 3755) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives. The bill proposed prohibiting governmental restrictions on the provision of and access to abortion services and prohibiting governments from issuing some other abortion-related restrictions. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[99]

Passed (218-211)

Yea

SAFE Banking Act of 2021

The SAFE Banking Act of 2021 (H.R. 1996) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives that proposed prohibiting federal regulators from penalizing banks for providing services to legitimate cannabis-related businesses and defining proceeds from such transactions as not being proceeds from unlawful activity, among other related proposals. Since the House moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill in an expedited process, it required a two-thirds majority vote in the House.^[100]

Passed (321-101)

Nay

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022

The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022 (H.R. 2471) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on March 15, 2022, providing for the funding of federal agencies for the remainder of 2022, providing funding for activities related to Ukraine, and modifying or establishing various programs. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[101]

Passed (260-171)

Nay

Equality Act

The Equality Act (H.R. 5) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that proposed prohibiting discrimination on the basis of sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity in areas including public accommodations and facilities, education, federal funding, employment, housing, credit, and the jury system, among other related proposals. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[102]

Passed (224-206)

Yea

Respect for Marriage Act

The Respect for Marriage Act (H.R. 8404) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 13, 2022. The bill codified the recognition of marriages between individuals of the same sex and of different races, ethnicities, or national origins, and provided that the law would not impact religious liberty or conscience protections, or provide grounds to compel nonprofit religious organizations to recognize same-sex marriages. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[103] Click here to read more.

Passed (258-169)

Nay

Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023

The Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 (H.R. 6833) was a bill approved by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on September 30, 2022. It provided for some fiscal year 2023 appropriations, supplemental funds for Ukraine, and extended several other programs and authorities. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[104]

Passed (230-201)

Nay

Consumer Fuel Price Gouging Prevention Act

The Consumer Fuel Price Gouging Prevention Act (H.R. 7688) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to prohibit individuals from selling consumer fuels at excessive prices during a proclaimed energy emergency. It would have also required the Federal Trade Commission to investigate whether the price of gasoline was being manipulated. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[105]

Passed (217-207)

Nay

Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2021

The Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2021 (H.R. 8) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to prohibit the transfer of firearms between private parties unless a licensed firearm vendor conducted a background check on the recipient. The bill also provided for certain exceptions to this requirement. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[106]

Passed (227-203)

Nay

Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act

The Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act was a federal elections bill approved by the House of Representatives and voted down by the Senate in a failed cloture vote that sought to, among other provisions, make Election Day a public holiday, allow for same-day voter registration, establish minimum early voting periods, and allow absentee voting for any reason, restrict the removal of local election administrators in federal elections, regulate congressional redistricting, expand campaign finance disclosure rules for some organizations, and amend the Voting Rights Act to require some states to obtain clearance from the U.S. Department of Justice before implementing new election laws. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[107] Click here to read more.

Passed (220-203)

Nay

Bipartisan Safer Communities Act

The Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (S. 2938) was a firearm regulation and mental health bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on June 25, 2022. Provisions of the bill included expanding background checks for individuals under the age of 21, providing funding for mental health services, preventing individuals who had been convicted of a domestic violence misdemeanor or felony in dating relationships from purchasing firearms for five years, providing funding for state grants to implement crisis intervention order programs, and providing funding for community-based violence prevention initiatives. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[108] Click here to read more.

Passed (234-193)

Nay

Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors.

This was a resolution before the 117th Congress setting forth an article of impeachment saying that Donald Trump (R) incited an insurrection against the government of the United States on January 6, 2021. The House of Representatives approved the article of impeachment, and the Senate adjudged that Trump was not guilty of the charges. The article of impeachment required a simple majority vote in the House.^[109] Click here to read more.

Passed (232-197)

Nay

Electoral Count Reform and Presidential Transition Improvement Act of 2022

The Electoral Count Reform and Presidential Transition Improvement Act was a bill passed by the 117th Congress in the form of an amendment to a year-end omnibus funding bill that was signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 23, 2022. The bill changed the procedure for counting electoral votes outlined in the Electoral Count Act of 1887. Elements of the bill included specifying that the vice president's role at the joint session of congress to count electoral votes is ministerial, raising the objection threshold at the joint session of congress to count electoral votes to one-fifth of the members of both the House of Representatives and the Senate, identifying governors as the single official responsible for submitting the certificate of ascertainment identifying that state’s electors, and providing for expedited judicial review of certain claims about states' certificates identifying their electors. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[110] Click here to read more.

Passed (225-201)

Key votes: 116th Congress, 2019-2021

The 116th United States Congress began on January 9, 2019, and ended on January 3, 2021. At the start of the session, Democrats held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (235-200), and Republicans held the majority in the U.S. Senate (53-47). Donald Trump (R) was the president and Mike Pence (R) was the vice president. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 116th Congress, 2019-2021

Vote

Bill and description

Status

Yea

Fairness for High-Skilled Immigrants Act of 2020

The Fairness for High-Skilled Immigrants Act of 2020 (H.R. 1044) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives seeking to increase the cap on employment-based visas, establish certain rules governing such visas, and impose some additional requirements on employers hiring holders of such visas. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to suspend the rules and pass the bill as amended.^[111]

Passed (365-65)

Nay

The Heroes Act

The HEROES Act (H.R. 6800) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to address the COVID-19 outbreak by providing $1,200 payments to individuals, extending and expanding the moratorium on some evictions and foreclosures, outlining requirements and establishing finding for contact tracing and COVID-19 testing, providing emergency supplemental appropriations to federal agencies for fiscal year 2020, and eliminating cost-sharing for COVID-19 treatments. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[112]

Passed (208-199)

Nay

For the People Act of 2019

The For the People Act of 2019 (H.R.1) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to protect election security, revise rules on campaign funding, introduce new provisions related to ethics, establish independent, nonpartisan redistricting commissions, and establish new rules on the release of tax returns for presidential and vice presidential candidates. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[113]

Passed (234-193)

Yea

CARES Act

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act (H.R. 748) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on March 27, 2020, that expanded benefits through the joint federal-state unemployment insurance program during the coronavirus pandemic. The legislation also included $1,200 payments to certain individuals, funding for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits, and funds for businesses, hospitals, and state and local governments. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House.^[114]

Passed (419-6)

Yea

Equality Act

The Equality Act (H.R. 5) was a bill approved by the House Representatives that sought to ban discrimination based on sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity by expanding the definition of establishments that fall under public accomodation and prohibiting the denial of access to a shared facility that is in agreement with an indiviual's gender indenitity. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[115]

Passed (236-173)

Nay

Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019

The Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019 (H.R. 8) was a bill approved by the House that sought to ban firearm transfers between private parties unless a licensed gun dealer, manufacturer, or importer first takes possession of the firearm to conduct a background check. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[116]

Passed (240-190)

Nay

American Dream and Promise Act of 2019

The American Dream and Promise Act of 2019 (H.R.6) was a bill approved by the House Representatives that sought to protect certain immigrants from removal proceedings and provide a path to permanent resident status by establishing streamlined procedures for permanant residency and canceling removal proceedings against certain qualifed individuals. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[117]

Passed (237-187)

Yea

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (S. 1790) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on December 20, 2019, setting policies and appropriations for the Department of Defense. Key features of this bill include appropriations for research/development, procurement, military construction, and operation/maintenence, as well as policies for paid family leave, North Korea nuclear sanctions, limiting the use of criminal history in federal hiring and contracting, military housing privatization, and paid family leave for federal personnel. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[118]

Passed (377-48)

Yea

Families First Coronavirus Response Act

The Families First Coronavirus Response Act (H.R. 6201) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on March 18, 2020, addressing the COVID-19 pandemic by increasing access to unemployment benefits and food assistance, increasing funding for Medicaid, providing free testing for COVID-19, and requiring employers to provide paid sick time to employees who cannot work due to COVID-19. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House.^[119]

Passed (363-40)

Yea

Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement Act of 2019

The Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement Act (H.R. 1994) was a bill passed by the House Representatives that sought to change the requirements for employer provided retirement plans, IRAs, and other tax-favored savings accounts by modfying the requirements for things such as loans, lifetime income options, required minimum distributions, the eligibility rules for certain long-term, part-time employees, and nondiscrimination rules. The bill also sought to treat taxable non-tuition fellowship and stipend payments as compensation for the purpose of an IRA, repeal the maximum age for traditional IRA contributions, increase penalties for failing to file tax returns, allow penalty-free withdrawals from retirement plans if a child is born or adopted, and expand the purposes for which qualified tuition programs may be used. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House. ^[120]

Passed (417-3)

Nay

Elijah E. Cummings Lower Drug Costs Now Act

The Elijah E. Cummings Lower Drug Costs Now Act (H.R. 3) was a bill approved by the House Representatives that sought to address the price of healthcare by requiring the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to negotiate prices for certain drugs, requiring drug manufactures to issue rebates for certain drugs covered under Medicare, requiring drug price transparency from drug manufacturers, expanding Medicare coverage, and providing funds for certain public health programs. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[121]

Passed (230-192)

Yea

Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020

The Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020 (H.R. 1865) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on December 20, 2019, providing appropriations for federal agencies in fiscal year 2020. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[122]

Passed (297-120)

Yea

Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019

The Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019 (S. 1838) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on November 27, 2019, directing several federal departments to assess Hong Kong's unique treatment under U.S. law. Key features of the bill include directing the Department of State to report and certify annually to Congress as to whether Hong Kong is sufficiently autonomous from China to justify its unique treatment, and directing the Department of Commerce to report annually to Congress on China's efforts to use Hong Kong to evade U.S. export controls and sanctions. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House.^[123]

Passed (417-1)

Nay

MORE Act of 2020

The MORE Act of 2020 (H.R. 3884) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to decriminalize marijuana by removing marijuana as a scheduled controlled substance and eliminating criminal penalties for an individual who manufactures, distributes, or possesses marijuana. This bill required a simple majority vote from the House.^[124]

Passed (228-164)

Yea

Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020

The Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020 (H.R. 6074) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on March 6, 2020, providing emergency funding to federal agencies in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Key features of the bill include funding for vaccine research, small business loans, humanitarian assistance to affected foreign countries, emergency preparedness, and grants for public health agencies and organizations. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to suspend the rules and pass the bill.^[125]

Passed (415-2)

Yea

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019

The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019 (H.J.Res. 31) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on February 15, 2019, providing approrations for Fiscal Year 2019. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[126]

Passed (300 -128)

Yea

John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act

The John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act (S. 47) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Doanld Trump on March 12, 2019. This bill sought to set provisions for federal land management and conservation by doing things such as conducting land exchanges and conveyances, establishing programs to respond to wildfires, and extending and reauthorizing wildlife conservation programs. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House.^[127]

Passed (363-62)

Yea

William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (On passage)

The William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (H.R. 6395) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and vetoed by President Donald Trump on December 23, 2020. Congress voted to override Trump's veto, and the bill became law on January 1, 2021. The bill set Department of Defense policies and appropriations for Fiscal Year 2021. Trump vetoed the bill due to disagreement with provisions related to Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, the renaming of certain military installations, limits on emergency military construction fund usage, and limits on troop withdrawals. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House on passage, and a two-thirds majority vote in the House to override Trump's veto.^[128]

Passed (335-78)

Yea

William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Overcoming veto)

The William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (H.R. 6395) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and vetoed by President Donald Trump on December 23, 2020. Congress voted to override Trump's veto, and the bill became law on January 1, 2021. The bill set Department of Defense policies and appropriations for Fiscal Year 2021. Trump vetoed the bill due to disagreement with provisions related to Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, the renaming of certain military installations, limits on emergency military construction fund usage, and limits on troop withdrawals. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House on passage, and a two-thirds majority vote in the House to override Trump's veto.^[129]

Passed (322-87)

Yea

Government Employee Fair Treatment Act of 2019

The Government Employee Fair Treatment Act of 2019 (S.24) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on January 16, 2019, that requires federal employees who were furloughed or compelled to work during a lapse in government funding to be compensated for that time. The bill also required those employees to be compensated as soon as the lapse in funding ends, irregardless of official pay date. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to suspend the rules and pass the bill.^[130]

Passed (411-7)

Nay

Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. (Article 1)

The 2020 impeachment of Donald Trump (R) was a resolution before the 116th Congress to set forth two articles of impeachment saying that Trump abused his power and obstructed congress. The first article was related to allegations that Trump requested the Ukrainian government investigate former Vice President Joe Biden (D) and his son, Hunter Biden, in exchange for aid, and the second was related to Trump's response to the impeachment inquiry. The House of Representatives approved both articles of impeachment, and the Senate adjudged that Trump was not guilty of either charge. The articles of impeachment required a simple majority vote in the House. ^[131]

Guilty (230-197)

Nay

Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. (Article 2)

The 2020 impeachment of Donald Trump (R) was a resolution before the 116th Congress to set forth two articles of impeachment saying that Trump abused his power and obstructed congress. The first article was related to allegations that Trump requested the Ukrainian government investigate former Vice President Joe Biden (D) and his son, Hunter Biden, in exchange for aid, and the second was related to Trump's response to the impeachment inquiry. The House of Representatives approved both articles of impeachment, and the Senate adjudged that Trump was not guilty of either charge. The articles of impeachment required a simple majority vote in the House. ^[132]

Guilty (229-198)

Key votes: 115th Congress, 2017-2018

For detailed information about each vote, click here.

Votes on domestic policy (click to expand)

Voted Yea on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (Conference report) (HR 2)

Bill Passed (369-47) on December 12, 2018

Proposed providing funding for commodity support, conservation, trade and international food aid, nutrition assistance, farm credit, rural development, research and extension activities, forestry, horticulture, and crop insurance through fiscal year 2023.^[133]

Voted Yea on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (HR 2 (second vote))

Bill Passed (213-211) on June 21, 2018

Proposed providing funding for commodity support, conservation, trade and international food aid, nutrition assistance, farm credit, rural development, research and extension activities, forestry, horticulture, and crop insurance. It also proposed modifying the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, previously known as the food stamp program.^[134]

Voted Nay on: Securing America’s Future Act of 2018 (HR 4760)

Bill Failed (193-231) on June 21, 2018

Proposed funding a border wall, limiting legal immigration, a mandatory worker verification program, allowing DACA recipients to apply for legal status, and preventing separation of families at the border.^[135]

Voted Yea on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (HR 2)

Bill Passed (369-47) on December 12, 2018

Reauthorizes through FY2023 and modifies some Department of Agriculture (USDA) programs.^[136]

Voted Yea on: Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act (HR 36)

Bill Passed (237-189) on October 3, 2017

Proposed amending the federal criminal code to make it a crime for any person to perform or attempt to perform an abortion if the probable post-fertilization age of the fetus was 20 weeks or more. The bill provided exceptions for an abortion: (1) that was necessary to save the life of the pregnant woman, or (2) when the pregnancy was the result of rape or incest.^[137]

Voted Yea on: Kate's Law (HR 3004)

Bill Passed (257-167) on June 29, 2017

Proposed increasing criminal penalties for individuals in the country illegally who were convicted of certain crimes, deported, and then re-entered the U.S. illegally.^[138]

Voted Yea on: No Sanctuary for Criminals Act (HR 3003)

Bill Passed (228-195) on June 29, 2017

Proposed withholding federal funds from states and localities that chose not to follow federal immigration laws.^[139]

Voted Yea on: American Health Care Act of 2017 (HR 1628)

Bill passed (217-213) on May 4, 2017

Proposed modifying the budgetary and fiscal provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), also known as Obamacare.^[140]

Votes on economic affairs and regulations (click to expand)

Voted Yea on: Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 (Conference report) (HR 6157)

Bill Passed (361-61) on September 26, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Departments of Defense, Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor, and Education.^[141]

Voted Yea on: Energy and Water, Legislative Branch, and Military Construction and Veterans Affairs Appropriations Act, 2019 (Conference report) (HR 5895)

Bill Passed (377-20) on September 13, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Department of Energy, water resources, the legislative branch, military construction, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, among other programs.^[142]

Voted Yea on: Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 (HR 6157)

Bill Passed (359-49) on June 28, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Departments of Defense, Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor, and Education.^[143]

Voted Yea on: Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2019 (HR 5895)

Bill Passed (235-179) on June 8, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Department of Energy, water resources, the legislative branch, military construction, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, among other programs.^[144]

Voted Yea on: Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (S 2155)

Bill Passed (258-159) on May 22, 2018

Proposed exempting some banks from the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act^[145]

Voted Yea on: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1625)

Bill Passed (256-167) on March 22, 2018

Proposed providing appropriations for fiscal year 2018, and for other purposes.^[146]

Voted Yea on: The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (HR 1892)

Bill Passed (240-186) on February 9, 2018

Proposed providing appropriations through March 23, 2018.^[147]

Voted Yea on: Further Extension Of Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1892)

Bill Passed (245-182) on February 6, 2018

Proposed providing appropriations through March 23, 2018.^[148]

Voted Yea on: Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, and for other purposes. (HR 195)

Bill Passed (266-150) on January 22, 2018

Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through February 8, 2018.^[149]

Voted Yea on: Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, and for other purposes. (HR 195)

Bill Passed (230-197) on January 18, 2018

Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through February 16, 2018.^[150]

Voted Yea on: Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1370)

Bill Passed (231-188) on December 21, 2017

Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through January 19, 2018.^[151]

Voted Nay on: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (HR 1)

Bill Passed (227-203) on December 19, 2017

Proposed providing for reconciliation pursuant to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018.^[152]

Voted Yea on: Making further continuing appropriations for fiscal year 2018, and for other purposes (HJ Res 123)

Bill Passed (235-193) on December 7, 2017

Proposed funding the government until December 22, 2017.^[153]

Voted Nay on: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (HR 1)

Bill Passed (227-205) on November 16, 2017

Proposed amending the Internal Revenue Code to reduce tax rates and modify policies, credits, and deductions for individuals and businesses.^[154]

Voted Nay on: Establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2018 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2019 through 2027. (H Con Res 71)

Bill Passed (216-212) on October 26, 2017

Proposed establishing the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2018 and setting forth budgetary levels for FY2019-FY2027. (This bill proposed adopting the Senate's budget resolution.)^[155]

Voted Yea on: Establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2018 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2019 through 2027. (H Con Res 71)

Bill Passed (219-206) on October 5, 2017

Proposed establishing the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2018 and setting forth budgetary levels for FY2019-FY2027.^[156]

Voted Yea on: Make America Secure and Prosperous Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 3354)

Bill Passed (211-198) on September 14, 2017

Proposed providing FY2018 appropriations for the federal government. It combined 12 appropriations bills.^[157]

Voted Yea on: Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2017 (Included amendments to suspend the debt ceiling and fund the government) (HR 601)

Bill Passed (316-90) on September 8, 2017

Proposed suspending the debt ceiling and funding the government until December 8, 2017, and providing funding for Hurricanes Harvey and Irma relief efforts.^[158]

Voted Yea on: Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2017 (HR 601)

Bill Passed (419-3) on September 6, 2017

Proposed providing $7.85 billion for disaster relief requirements, including response and recovery efforts from Hurricane Harvey.^[159]

Voted Yea on: Financial CHOICE Act of 2017 (HR 10)

Bill passed (233-186) on June 8, 2017

Proposed amending the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, among other acts.^[160]

Voted Yea on: Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2017 (HR 244)

Bill passed (309-118) on May 3, 2017

Proposed a $1.2 trillion budget to fund the government through the end of the fiscal year on September 30, 2017.^[161]

Votes on foreign policy and national security issues (click to expand)

Voted Yea on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (HR 5515)

Bill Passed (351-66) on May 24, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities^[162]

Voted Yea on: Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 695)

Bill Passed (250-166) on January 30, 2018

Proposed providing appropriations for military functions administered by the Department of Defense and for other purposes, for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018.^[163]

Voted Yea on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018—Conference report (HR 2810)

Bill Passed (356-70) on November 14, 2017

Proposed authorizing FY2018 appropriations and setting forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths.^[164]

Voted Yea on: Make America Secure Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 3219)

Bill Passed (235-192) on July 27, 2017

Proposed making appropriations for defense, military construction, Veterans Affairs, the Legislative Branch, energy and water development, and for other purposes for the fiscal year ending on September 30, 2018.^[165]

Voted Yea on: Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (HR 3364)

Bill Passed (419-3) on July 25, 2017

Proposed providing congressional review and measures to counter aggression by the governments of Iran, the Russian Federation, and North Korea, and for other purposes.^[166]

Voted Yea on: Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 3180, second vote)

Bill Passed (380-35) on July 28, 2017

Proposed authorizing appropriations for fiscal year 2018 for intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the United States Government, the Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes.^[167]

Voted Yea on: Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 3180)

Bill Failed (241-163) on July 24, 2017

Proposed authorizing appropriations for fiscal year 2018 for intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the United States Government, the Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes.^[168]

Voted Yea on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 2810)

Bill Passed (344-81) on July 14, 2017

Proposed authorizing fiscal year 2018 appropriations and setting forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths. It did not provide budget authority.^[169]

Voted Yea on: Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2017 (HR 1301)

Bill passed (371-48) on March 8, 2017

The $577.9 billion fiscal year 2017 defense spending bill proposed $516.1 billion in base budget funding and $61.8 billion for Overseas Contingency Operations/ Global War on Terrorism funding.^[170]

114th Congress

The first session of the 114th Congress enacted into law six out of the 2,616 introduced bills (0.2 percent). Comparatively, the 113th Congress had 1.3 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the first session. In the second session, the 114th Congress enacted 133 out of 3,159 introduced bills (4.2 percent). Comparatively, the 113th Congress had 7.0 percent of introduced bills enacted into law in the second session.^[171]^[172] For more information pertaining to Stefanik's voting record in the 114th Congress, please see the below sections.^[173]

Economic and fiscal

Trade Act of 2015

See also: The Trans-Pacific Partnership trade deal, 2015

Trade adjustment assistance
On June 12, 2015, the House rejected the trade adjustment assistance (TAA) measure in HR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015—by a vote of 126-302. Trade adjustment assistance (TAA) is a federal program providing American workers displaced by foreign trade agreements with job training and services. The measure was packaged with trade promotion authority (TPA), also known as fast-track authority. TPA is a legislative procedure that allows Congress to define "U.S. negotiating objectives and spells out a detailed oversight and consultation process for during trade negotiations. Under TPA, Congress retains the authority to review and decide whether any proposed U.S. trade agreement will be implemented," according to the Office of the United States Trade Representative. Stefanik was one of 86 Republicans to vote in favor of TAA.^[174]^[175]
Trade promotion authority
On June 12, 2015, the House passed the trade promotion authority (TPA) measure in HR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015 —by a vote of 219-211. TPA gives the president fast-track authority to negotiate trade agreements sent to Congress without the opportunity for amendment or filibuster. Although the House approved TPA, it was a largely symbolic vote given the measure was part of a package trade bill including trade adjustment assistance (TAA), which was rejected earlier the same day. Stefanik was one of 191 Republicans to support the measure.^[176]^[177]
Trade promotion authority second vote
After the trade adjustment assistance (TAA) and trade promotion authority (TPA) did not pass the House together on June 12, 2015, representatives voted to authorize TPA alone as an amendment to HR 2146—the Defending Public Safety Employees' Retirement Act—on June 18, 2015. The amendment passed by a vote of 218-208, with all voting members of the House maintaining their original positions on TPA except for Ted Yoho (R-Fla.). Stefanik was one of 190 Republicans to vote in favor of the amendment.^[178]^[179]
Trade adjustment assistance second vote
The House passed HR 1295—the Trade Preferences Extension Act of 2015—on June 25, 2015, by a vote of 286-138. The Senate packaged trade adjustment assistance (TAA) in this bill after the House rejected the TAA measure in HR 1314—the Trade Act of 2015. Along with trade promotion authority (TPA), which Congress passed as part of HR 2146—the Defending Public Safety Employees' Retirement Act—TAA became law on June 29, 2015. Stefanik was one of 111 Republicans to vote in favor of HR 1295.^[180]^[181]

Defense spending authorization

On May 15, 2015, the House passed HR 1735—the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016—by a vote of 269-151. The bill "authorizes FY2016 appropriations and sets forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths. It does not provide budget authority, which is provided in subsequent appropriations legislation." Stefanik voted with 227 other Republicans and 41 Democrats to approve the bill.^[182] The Senate passed the bill on June 18, 2015, by a vote of 71-25. President Barack Obama vetoed the bill on October 22, 2015.^[183]

On November 5, 2015, the House passed S 1356—the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016—by a vote of 370-58. The second version of the $607 billion national defense bill included $5 billion in cuts to match what was approved in the budget and language preventing the closure of the Guantanamo Bay military prison.^[184]^[185] Stefanik voted with 234 other Republicans and 135 Democrats to approve the bill.^[186] On November 10, 2015, the Senate passed the bill by a vote of 91-3, and President Barack Obama signed it into law on November 25, 2015.^[187]

2016 Budget proposal

On April 30, 2015, the House voted to approve SConRes11, a congressional budget proposal for fiscal year 2016, by a vote of 226-197. The non-binding resolution was designed to create 12 appropriations bills to fund the government. All 183 Democrats who voted, voted against the resolution. Stefanik voted with 225 other Republicans to approve the bill.^[188]^[189]^[190]

2015 budget

On October 28, 2015, the House passed HR 1314—the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015—by a vote of 266-167. The bill increased military and domestic spending levels and suspended the debt ceiling until March 2017.^[191] Stefanik voted with 78 Republicans and 187 Democrats in favor of the bill.^[192] It passed the Senate on October 30, 2015.^[193] President Barack Obama signed it into law on November 2, 2015.

Foreign Affairs

Iran nuclear deal

See also: Iran nuclear agreement, 2015

On May 14, 2015, the House approved HR 1191—the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015—by a vote of 400-25. The bill required President Barack Obama to submit the details of the nuclear deal with Iran for congressional review. Congress had 60 days to review the deal and vote to approve, disapprove, or take no action on the deal. During the review period, sanctions on Iran could not be lifted. Stefanik voted with 222 other Republican representatives to approve the bill.^[194]^[195]

Approval of Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
On September 11, 2015, the House rejected HR 3461—To approve the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, signed at Vienna on July 14, 2015, relating to the nuclear program of Iran—by a vote of 162-269. The legislation proposed approving the nuclear agreement with Iran. Stefanik voted with 243 Republicans and 25 Democrats against the bill.^[196]^[197]

Suspension of Iran sanctions relief
On September 11, 2015, the House approved HR 3460—To suspend until January 21, 2017, the authority of the President to waive, suspend, reduce, provide relief from, or otherwise limit the application of sanctions pursuant to an agreement related to the nuclear program of Iran—by a vote of 247-186. HR 3460 prohibited "the President, prior to January 21, 2017, from: limiting the application of specified sanctions on Iran or refraining from applying any such sanctions; or removing a foreign person (including entities) listed in Attachments 3 or 4 to Annex II of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPA) from the list of designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of Foreign Asset Control of the Department of the Treasury." Stefanik voted with 244 Republicans and two Democrats for the bill.^[198]^[199]

Presidential non-compliance of section 2
On September 10, 2015, the House passed H Res 411—Finding that the President has not complied with section 2 of the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015—by a vote of 245-186. Section 2 of the Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015 required the president to submit all materials related to the nuclear agreement for congressional review. House Republicans introduced the resolution because two agreements between the International Atomic Energy Agency and Iran were not submitted to Congress. Stefanik voted with 244 Republicans for the resolution.^[200]^[201]

Export-Import Bank

On October 27, 2015, the House passed HR 597—the Export-Import Bank Reform and Reauthorization Act of 2015—by a vote of 313-118. The bill proposed reauthorizing the Export-Import Bank and allowing it to resume offering assistance in the form of loans and insurance to foreign companies that wanted to buy U.S. goods.^[202] Stefanik voted with 126 Republicans and 186 Democrats in favor of the bill.^[203]

Domestic

USA FREEDOM Act of 2015

On May 13, 2015, the House passed HR 2048—the Uniting and Strengthening America by Fulfilling Rights and Ensuring Effective Discipline Over Monitoring Act of 2015 or the USA FREEDOM Act of 2015—by a vote of 338-88. The legislation revised HR 3199—the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005—by ending the bulk collection of metadata under Sec. 215 of the act, requiring increased reporting from the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court, and requiring the use of "a specific selection term as the basis for national security letters that request information from wire or electronic communication service providers, financial institutions, or consumer reporting agencies." Stefanik voted with 195 Republicans and 142 Democrats to approve the legislation. It became law on June 2, 2015.^[204]^[205]

Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act

On May 13, 2015, the House passed HR 36—the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act—by a vote of 242-184. The bill proposed prohibiting abortions from being performed after a fetus was determined to be 20 weeks or older. The bill proposed exceptions in cases of rape, incest, or to save the life of the mother. Stefanik voted with 237 Republicans in favor of the bill.^[206]^[207]

Cyber security

On April 23, 2015, the House passed HR 1731—the National Cybersecurity Protection Advancement Act of 2015—by a vote of 355-63. The bill proposed creating an information sharing program that would allow federal agencies and private entities to share information about cyber threats. It also proposed including liability protections for companies.^[208] Stefanik voted with 219 Republicans and 135 Democrats to approve the bill.^[209]

On April 22, 2015, the House passed HR 1560—the Protecting Cyber Networks Act—by a vote of 307-116.^[210] The bill proposed procedures that would allow federal agencies and private entities to share information about cyber threats. Stefanik voted with 201 Republicans and 105 Democrats in favor of the bill.^[211]

Immigration

On November 19, 2015, the House passed HR 4038—the American SAFE Act of 2015—by a vote of 289-137.^[212] The bill proposed instituting additional screening processes for refugees from Iraq and Syria who applied for admission to the U.S. Stefanik voted with 241 Republicans and 47 Democrats in favor of the bill.^[213]

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U.S. House New York District 21

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U.S. House New York District 21

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Political offices
Preceded by Bill Owens (D)	U.S. House New York District 21 2015-Present	Succeeded by -

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New York's current delegation to the United States Congress

Senators

Kirsten Gillibrand (D)

Chuck Schumer (D)

Representatives

District 1

Nicholas LaLota (R)

District 2

Andrew Garbarino (R)

District 3

Tom Suozzi (D)

District 4

Laura Gillen (D)

District 5

Gregory Meeks (D)

District 6

Grace Meng (D)

District 7

Nydia Velazquez (D)

District 8

Hakeem Jeffries (D)

District 9

Yvette Clarke (D)

District 10

Daniel Goldman (D)

District 11

Nicole Malliotakis (R)

District 12

Jerrold Nadler (D)

District 13

Adriano Espaillat (D)

District 14

Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D)

District 15

Ritchie Torres (D)

District 16

George Latimer (D)

District 17

Michael Lawler (R)

District 18

Pat Ryan (D)

District 19

Josh Riley (D)

District 20

Paul Tonko (D)

District 21

Elise Stefanik (R)

District 22

John Mannion (D)

District 23

Nick Langworthy (R)

District 24

Claudia Tenney (R)

District 25

Joseph Morelle (D)

District 26

Tim Kennedy (D)

Democratic Party (21)

Republican Party (7)

About the confirmation process

See also: Appointment confirmation process

The confirmation process includes several rounds of investigation and review, beginning with the submission of a personal financial disclosure report and a background check. The nominee is then evaluated in a committee hearing, which allows for a close examination of the nominee and his or her views on public policy. Supporters and opponents of the nominee may also testify.^[1]

Once committee hearings are closed, most committees have a set amount of time before a vote is taken on whether the nominee is reported to the Senate favorably, unfavorably, or without recommendation. The nomination will then go to the Senate floor for consideration. Once the nomination is considered by the Senate, unlimited debate is allowed until a majority of the Senate votes to invoke cloture and close debate. Following a vote of cloture, the Senate conducts a simple majority vote on whether to confirm, reject, or take no action on the nomination.^[2]

About the Cabinet

A presidential Cabinet is a group of senior federal officials who advise the president on the issues and activities of their respective agencies. The Cabinet tradition is rooted in Article II, Section 2, Clause 1 of the Constitution, which states that the president "may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal Officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any Subject relating to the Duties of their respective Offices."^[3]

While not explicitly identified in the Constitution, the Cabinet secretaries are the 15 agency heads who are in the presidential line of succession. The vice president is also part of the Cabinet. These positions, in order of presidential succession, are:

The number of officials in a Cabinet can vary across presidential administrations. The following additional positions are part of Trump's second term presidential Cabinet:

White House chief of staff
Ambassador to the United Nations
Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency
Director of the Office of Management and Budget
U.S. trade representative
Director of National Intelligence
Administrator of the Small Business Administration
Director of the Central Intelligence Agency

All of the positions above, except for Vice President and White House Chief of Staff, require Senate confirmation.

Other Trump Cabinet nominees

See also: Donald Trump's Cabinet, 2025 and Confirmation process for Donald Trump's Cabinet nominees, 2025

The following table provides an overview of the status, confirmation hearings, and committee and Senate votes for each of Trump's Cabinet and Cabinet-rank nominees in his second term.

Overview of confirmation process for Donald Trump's Cabinet nominees in his second term
Nominee	Position	Announced	Senate committee	Confirmation hearing	Committee vote	Senate vote	Status
Marco Rubio	Secretary of State	November 13, 2024	Foreign Relations	January 15, 2025	Favorable (22-0)	99-0	Confirmed on January 20, 2025
Scott Bessent	Secretary of the Treasury	November 22, 2024	Finance	January 16, 2025	Favorable (16-11)	68-29	Confirmed on January 27, 2025
Pete Hegseth	Secretary of Defense	November 12, 2024	Armed Services	January 14, 2025	Favorable (14-13)	51-50	Confirmed on January 24, 2025
Matt Gaetz	Attorney General	November 13, 2024	Judiciary	N/A	N/A	N/A	Withdrawn on November 21, 2024
Pam Bondi	Attorney General	November 21, 2024	Judiciary	January 15-16, 2025	Favorable (12-10)	54-46	Confirmed on February 4, 2025
Doug Burgum	Secretary of the Interior	November 14, 2024	Energy and Natural Resources	January 16, 2025	Favorable (18-2)	80-17	Confirmed on January 30, 2025
Brooke Rollins	Secretary of Agriculture	November 23, 2024	Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry	January 23, 2025	Favorable (23-0)	72-28	Confirmed on February 13, 2025
Howard Lutnick	Secretary of Commerce	November 19, 2024	Commerce, Science, and Transportation	January 29, 2025	Favorable (16-12)	51-45	Confirmed on February 18, 2025
Lori Chavez-DeRemer	Secretary of Labor	November 22, 2024	Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions	February 19, 2025	Favorable (13-9)	67-32	Confirmed on March 10, 2025
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.	Secretary of Health and Human Services	November 14, 2024	Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions / Finance	January 30, 2025 / January 29, 2025	N/A / Favorable (14-13)	52-48	Confirmed on February 13, 2025
Scott Turner	Secretary of Housing and Urban Development	November 22, 2024	Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs	January 16, 2025	Favorable (13-11)	55-44	Confirmed on February 5, 2025
Sean Duffy	Secretary of Transportation	November 18, 2024	Commerce, Science, and Transportation	January 15, 2025	Favorable (28-0)	77-22	Confirmed on January 28, 2025
Chris Wright	Secretary of Energy	November 16, 2024	Energy and Natural Resources	January 15, 2025	Favorable (15-5)	59-38	Confirmed on February 3, 2025
Linda McMahon	Secretary of Education	November 19, 2024	Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions	February 13, 2025	Favorable (12-11)	51-45	Confirmed on March 3, 2025
Doug Collins	Secretary of Veterans Affairs	November 14, 2024	Veterans' Affairs	January 21, 2025	Favorable (18-1)	77-23	Confirmed on February 4, 2025
Kristi Noem	Secretary of Homeland Security	November 12, 2024	Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs	January 17, 2025	Favorable (13-2)	59-34	Confirmed on January 25, 2025
Jamieson Greer	U.S. Trade Representative	November 26, 2024	Finance	February 6, 2025	Favorable (15-12)	56-43	Confirmed on February 26, 2025
Tulsi Gabbard	Director of National Intelligence	November 13, 2024	Intelligence (Select)	January 30, 2025	Favorable (9-8)	52-48	Confirmed on February 12, 2025
Elise Stefanik	U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations	November 11, 2024	Foreign Relations	January 21, 2025	Favorable (Voice Vote)	N/A	Withdrawn on March 27, 2025
Michael Waltz	U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations	May 1, 2025	Foreign Relations	July 15, 2025	Favorable (12-10)	TBD	Passed committee
Russell Vought	Director of the Office of Management and Budget	November 22, 2024	Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs / Budget	January 15, 2025 / January 22, 2025	Favorable (8-7) / Favorable (11-0)	53-47	Confirmed on February 6, 2025
Lee Zeldin	Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency	November 11, 2024	Environment and Public Works	January 16, 2025	Favorable (11-8)	56-42	Confirmed on January 29, 2025
Kelly Loeffler	Administrator of the Small Business Administration	December 4, 2024	Small Business and Entrepreneurship	January 29, 2025	Favorable (12-7)	52-46	Confirmed on February 19, 2025
John Ratcliffe	Director of the Central Intelligence Agency	November 12, 2024	Intelligence (Select)	January 15, 2025	Favorable (14-3)	74-25	Confirmed on January 23, 2025

Historical comparison of Cabinet confirmations

Comparison to Biden administration

See also: Joe Biden's Cabinet

The following chart displays how many days it took for the Cabinet secretaries of President Joe Biden (D) to be confirmed after the inauguration in 2021. This chart includes the main 15 Cabinet positions.

Comparison to Trump's first term

See also: Donald Trump presidential Cabinet, 2017-2021

The following chart displays how many days it took for President Donald Trump's (R) first term Cabinet secretaries to be confirmed after the inauguration in 2017. This chart includes the main 15 Cabinet positions.

Comparison to Obama administration

The following chart displays how many days it took for the Cabinet secretaries of President Barack Obama (D) to be confirmed after the inauguration in 2009. This chart includes the main 15 Cabinet positions.

List of U.S. ambassadors to the United Nations, 1946-2025

See also: U.S. Mission to the United Nations

U.S. Ambassadors to the U.N. Full History
Ambassador	Years in office	Nominated by	Confirmation vote
Edward Stettinius, Jr.	1946	Harry Truman
Warren Austin	1947-1953	Harry Truman
Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr.	1953-1960	Dwight D. Eisenhower
James Jeremiah Wadsworth	1960-1961	Dwight D. Eisenhower
Adlai Stevenson	1961-1965	John F. Kennedy
Arthur Goldberg	1965-1968	Lyndon B. Johnson
George W. Ball	1968	Lyndon B. Johnson
James Russell Wiggins	1968-1969	Lyndon B. Johnson
Charles Woodruff Yost	1969-1971	Richard Nixon
George H.W. Bush	1971-1973	Richard Nixon
John A. Scali	1973-1975	Richard Nixon
Daniel Patrick Moynihan	1975-1976	Gerald Ford
William Scranton	1976-1977	Gerald Ford
Andrew Young	1977-1979	Jimmy Carter
Donald McHenry	1979-1981	Jimmy Carter
Jeane Kirkpatrick	1981-1985	Ronald Reagan
Vernon A. Walters	1985-1989	Ronald Reagan
Thomas R. Pickering	1989-1992	George H.W. Bush
Edward J. Perkins	1992-1993	George H.W. Bush
Madeleine Albright	1993-1997	Bill Clinton
Bill Richardson	1997-1998	Bill Clinton
Richard Holbrooke	1999-2001	Bill Clinton
John Negroponte	2001-2004	George W. Bush
John Danforth	2004-2005	George W. Bush
John R. Bolton	2005-2006	George W. Bush	Recess appt.
Zalmay Khalilzad	2007-2009	George W. Bush
Susan Rice	2009-2013	Barack Obama
Samantha Power	2013-2017	Barack Obama	87-10
Nikki Haley	2017-2018	Donald Trump	96-4
Kelly Knight Craft	2019-2021	Donald Trump	56-34
Rich Mills (acting)	2021-2021	Joe Biden
Linda Thomas-Greenfield	2021-2025	Joe Biden	78-20
Dorothy Shea (acting)	2025-present	Donald Trump

Footnotes

[1] Truth Social, "Trump on March 27, 2025," accessed March 27, 2025

[2] Foreign Relations Committee, "NOMINATIONS," January 21, 2025

[3] Foreign Relations Committee, "NOMINATIONS," January 21, 2025

[4] Biden-Harris Transition, "President-elect Biden Announces Key Members of Economic Team," November 30, 2020

[5] CNN.com, "White House pulls Tanden nomination," March 2, 2021

[cpt-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Center for Presidential Transition, "Biden Joins the Club: Each of the Previous Five Presidents Had an Early Cabinet Nominee Withdraw," March 3, 2021

[7] United States Congress, " STEFANIK, Elise M." accessed July 7, 2025

[8] Omicron Delta Kappa, "Elise Stefanik: A New Generation of Leadership," accessed July 7, 2025

[”cs”-9] Elise Stefanik for Congress, "Elise’s Story," accessed August 6, 2013

[”ps”-10] Post Star, "Potential challengers to Owens exploring run," accessed August 6, 2013

[11] New York Post, "Trump confirms NYer Elise Stefanik will be his enforcer at the UN: ‘Strong, tough, and smart,’" November 10, 2024

[12] Truth Social, "Trump on March 27, 2025," accessed March 27, 2025

[13] Foreign Relations Committee, "NOMINATIONS," January 21, 2025

[14] U.S. House Clerk, "Official Alphabetical List of the House of Representatives of the United States One Hundred Fifteenth Congress," accessed February 2, 2017

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[list16-16] New York State Board of Elections, "Filings received for the 2016 Primary Election," accessed May 15, 2016

[primary16-17] Politico, "New York House Races Results," June 28, 2016

[cong16-18] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named cong16

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