Adriano Espaillat

Adriano Espaillat (Democratic Party) is a member of the U.S. House, representing New York's 13th Congressional District. He assumed office on January 3, 2017. His current term ends on January 3, 2027.

Espaillat (Democratic Party) is running for re-election to the U.S. House to represent New York's 13th Congressional District. He declared candidacy for the 2026 election.^[source]

Biography

Espaillat earned his bachelor's degree in political science from Queens College. He was also in postgraduate studies in public administration from New York University Leadership for Urban Executive Institute.^[1] His professional experience includes working as Manhattan court services coordinator for the New York City Criminal Justice Agency, as director of the Washington Heights Victim Services Community Office, and as director of Project Right Start. He was a New York state assemblyman then senator before he was elected to Congress.

Committee assignments

U.S. House

2025-2026

Espaillat was assigned to the following committees:^[Source]

2023-2024

Espaillat was assigned to the following committees:^[Source]

House Committee on Appropriations
Legislative Branch, Ranking Member
Transportation, Housing and Urban Development
House Committee on Budget

2021-2022

Espaillat was assigned to the following committees:^[Source]

2017-2018

At the beginning of the 115th Congress, Espaillat was assigned to the following committees:^[2]

Elections

2026

Note: At this time, Ballotpedia is combining all declared candidates for this election into one list under a general election heading. As primary election dates are published, this information will be updated to separate general election candidates from primary candidates as appropriate.

General election

The general election will occur on November 3, 2026.

General election for U.S. House New York District 13

Incumbent Adriano Espaillat, Jaliel Amador, Theo Chino-Tavarez, James Felton Keith, and Matt Miller are running in the general election for U.S. House New York District 13 on November 3, 2026.

		Candidate
		Adriano Espaillat (D)
	Submit photo	Jaliel Amador (D)
		Theo Chino-Tavarez (D)
		James Felton Keith (D)
		Matt Miller (D)

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined.
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Endorsements

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2024

New York's 13th Congressional District election, 2024 (June 25 Democratic primary)

New York's 13th Congressional District election, 2024 (June 25 Republican primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 13

Incumbent Adriano Espaillat defeated Ruben D. Vargas in the general election for U.S. House New York District 13 on November 5, 2024.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Adriano Espaillat (D)	83.0	181,800
	Ruben D. Vargas (R / Conservative Party)	16.4	35,822
	Other/Write-in votes	0.6	1,351

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 218,973
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

The Democratic primary election was canceled. Incumbent Adriano Espaillat advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 13.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Lindsey Williams (D)

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Ruben D. Vargas advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 13.

Conservative Party primary election

The Conservative Party primary election was canceled. Ruben D. Vargas advanced from the Conservative Party primary for U.S. House New York District 13.

Endorsements

Espaillat received the following endorsements.

2022

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 13

Incumbent Adriano Espaillat defeated Odell Patterson in the general election for U.S. House New York District 13 on November 8, 2022.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Adriano Espaillat (D)	98.9	116,589
	Odell Patterson (Independent) (Write-in)	0.0	0
	Other/Write-in votes	1.1	1,257

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 117,846
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Nicholas Mantanona (Independent)
Tyrrell Lev Sharif Ben-Avi (Independent)

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 13

Incumbent Adriano Espaillat defeated Michael Hano and Francisco Spies in the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 13 on August 23, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Adriano Espaillat	79.9	31,582
	Submit photo	Michael Hano	12.7	5,041
	Submit photo	Francisco Spies	6.1	2,411
		Other/Write-in votes	1.3	508

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 39,542
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Lindsey Williams (D)

Republican primary election

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Gary Reuben Richards (R)

2020

New York's 13th Congressional District election, 2020 (June 23 Republican primary)

New York's 13th Congressional District election, 2020 (June 23 Democratic primary)

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 13

Incumbent Adriano Espaillat defeated Lovelynn Gwinn and Christopher Morris-Perry in the general election for U.S. House New York District 13 on November 3, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Adriano Espaillat (D / Working Families Party)	90.8	231,841
		Lovelynn Gwinn (R)	7.8	19,829
	Submit photo	Christopher Morris-Perry (Conservative Party)	1.3	3,295
		Other/Write-in votes	0.2	405

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 255,370
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 13

Incumbent Adriano Espaillat defeated James Felton Keith and Ramon Rodriguez in the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 13 on June 23, 2020.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Adriano Espaillat	58.9	46,066
	James Felton Keith	25.3	19,799
	Ramon Rodriguez	15.2	11,859
	Other/Write-in votes	0.6	434

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 78,158
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Pedro Lopez (D)
Richard Habersham (D)

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Lovelynn Gwinn advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 13.

Conservative Party primary election

The Conservative Party primary election was canceled. Christopher Morris-Perry advanced from the Conservative Party primary for U.S. House New York District 13.

Working Families Party primary election

The Working Families Party primary election was canceled. Incumbent Adriano Espaillat advanced from the Working Families Party primary for U.S. House New York District 13.

2018

See also: New York's 13th Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 13

Incumbent Adriano Espaillat defeated Jineea Butler in the general election for U.S. House New York District 13 on November 6, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Adriano Espaillat (D)	94.6	180,035
	Jineea Butler (R)	5.4	10,268

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 190,303 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 13

Incumbent Adriano Espaillat advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 13 on June 26, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Adriano Espaillat

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Jefferson Thomas (D)
James Felton Keith (D)

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 13

Jineea Butler advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 13 on June 26, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Jineea Butler

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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2016

See also: New York's 13th Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Democratic. Incumbent Charles Rangel (D) did not seek re-election, leaving the seat open. Adriano Espaillat defeated eight other Democrats in the primary to replace Rangel. The race between Espaillat and Keith Wright was initially uncalled with Espaillat leading by nearly 3%. Wright conceded from the race two days after the election. Espaillat then defeated Tony Evans (R), Daniel Vila Rivera (G), and Scott Lloyd Fenstermaker (Transparent Government) in the general election. The primary elections took place on June 28, 2016.^[3]^[4]

**U.S. House, New York District 13 General Election, 2016**
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Adriano Espaillat	88.8%	207,194
	Republican	Tony Evans	6.9%	16,089
	Green	Daniel Vila Rivera	3.5%	8,248
	Transparent Government	Scott Fenstermaker	0.8%	1,877
Total Votes				233,408
Source: New York Board of Elections

**U.S. House, New York, District 13 Democratic Primary, 2016**
Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Adriano Espaillat	36%	16,377
Keith Wright	34.1%	15,528
Clyde Williams	11%	5,003
Adam Clayton Powell	6.6%	2,986
Guillermo Linares	5.5%	2,504
Suzan Cook	5.1%	2,341
Mike Gallagher	1%	435
Sam Sloan	0.5%	227
Yohanny Caceres	0.3%	116
Total Votes		45,517
Source: New York State Board of Elections

2014

NY State Senate

See also: New York State Senate elections, 2014

Elections for the New York State Senate took place in 2014. A primary election took place on September 9, 2014. The general election took place November 4, 2014. The signature filing deadline for candidates wishing to run in this election was July 10, 2014. Incumbent Adriano Espaillat defeated Robert Jackson and Luis Tejada in the Democratic primary. Corey Ortega was removed from the ballot before the Democratic primary. Espaillat was unchallenged in the general election.^[5]^[6]^[7]

**New York State Senate, District 31 Democratic Primary, 2014**
Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Adriano Espaillat Incumbent	49.9%	10,439
Robert Jackson	43.1%	9,019
Luis Tejada	7%	1,466
Total Votes		20,924

U.S. House

See also: New York's 13th Congressional District elections, 2014

Espaillat ran in the 2014 election for the U.S. House representing New York's 13th District. Espaillat sought the Democratic nomination in the primary on June 24, 2014, but was defeated by Charles Rangel.

**U.S. House, New York District 13 Democratic Primary, 2014**
Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Charles Rangel Incumbent	47.8%	23,799
Adriano Espaillat	43.1%	21,477
Michael A. Walrond Jr.	7.9%	3,954
Yolanda Garcia	1.2%	597
Total Votes		49,827
Source: New York State Board of Elections - Official Election Results

2012

NY State Senate

See also: New York State Senate elections, 2012

Espaillat ran in the 2012 election for New York State Senate District 31. He defeated incumbent Guillermo Linares in the Democratic primary on September 13, 2012, and defeated Martin Chicon (R) in the general election, which took place on November 6, 2012.^[8]^[9]^[10]

**New York State Senate, District 31, General Election, 2012**
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Adriano Espaillat Incumbent	91.2%	84,944
	Republican	Martin Chicon	8.8%	8,184
Total Votes				93,128

**New York State Senate, District 31 Democratic Primary, 2012**
Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Adriano Espaillat Incumbent	61.7%	11,138
Guillermo Linares	38.3%	6,927
Total Votes		18,065

U.S. House

See also: New York's 13th Congressional District elections, 2012

Espaillat ran in the 2012 election for the U.S. House representing New York's 13th District.

Politico listed Charles Rangel as vulnerable in the primary. Espaillat was seen as having a serious shot at unseating the 21-term incumbent. While Rangel successfully warded off serious challengers -- and ethics controversies -- to win in 2010, redistricting for 2012 shifted the demographics of Rangel's district to include more hispanic voters, which could have benefited Dominican-American Espaillat.^[11]

**U.S. House, New York District 13 Democratic Primary, 2012**
Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Charles B. Rangel Incumbent	43.9%	16,916
Adriano Espaillat	41.3%	15,884
Clyde Williams	10.3%	3,974
Joyce Johnson	3.1%	1,187
Craig Schley	1.4%	545
Total Votes		38,506

2010

See also: New York State Senate elections, 2010

Espaillat won election to the New York State Senate, District 31. Espaillat defeated three opponents in the September 14 Democratic primary. He defeated Stylo Sapaskis (R), Raphael Klapper (C), and Ann Roos (G) in the general election.^[12]^[13] Espaillat also ran as a member of the Working Families party.

New York State Senate, General Election Results, District 31 (2010)
Candidates		Votes
Adriano Espaillat (D)		50,007
Stylo Sapaskis (R)		6,388
Ann Roos (G)		2,158
Raphael Klapper (Conservative)		964

2008

See also: New York State Assembly elections, 2008

On November 4, 2008, Espaillat won re-election to the New York State Assembly, District 72, defeating opponent William Buran (R).^[14]^[15]

Espaillat raised $279,255 for his campaign while Buran raised $6,455.^[16]

New York State Assembly, District 72 2008
Candidates		Votes
Adriano Espaillat (D)		26,712
William Buran (R)		1,661

Campaign themes

2026

Ballotpedia survey responses

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You can ask Adriano Espaillat to fill out this survey by using the buttons below or emailing info@adrianoespaillat.org.

2024

Adriano Espaillat did not complete Ballotpedia's 2024 Candidate Connection survey.

2022

Adriano Espaillat did not complete Ballotpedia's 2022 Candidate Connection survey.

2020

Adriano Espaillat did not complete Ballotpedia's 2020 Candidate Connection survey.

2016

The following issues were listed on Espaillat's campaign website. For a full list of campaign themes, click here.

“

Housing: Adriano Espaillat’s deep commitment to affordable housing stems from his roots as a tenant organizer. He still goes door to door, building to building, to fight for better living conditions and to keep housing affordable. In Albany, Adriano fought for stronger rent laws to protect 2.5 million tenants and is a strong supporter of the Tenant Protection Unit, which has returned 50,000 units to affordability.

Economic Development: Adriano Espaillat has a clear vision for economic development in upper Manhattan, which boils down to paying people fairly and giving small businesses a helping hand. Adriano will fight to end wage discrimination by calling for the strongest possible assurances that women are paid an equal wage for equal work.

Immigration Reform: Immigration reform is personal to Adriano Espaillat, he came to upper Manhattan from the Dominican Republic with no papers when he was a child, and through hard work and determination was given the opportunity representing his community.

Gun Violence: As gun violence inflicts one tragedy after another on schools and communities across the country, Congressional gridlock continues. Inaction on this issue has contributed to not only high profile shootings, but also persistent violent and gang-related crime in our community.

Criminal Justice Reform: In Albany, Adriano advocates to reform solitary confinement and raise the age and ensured that no adolescent is confine w adult criminals in prison he opposes the death penalty.

^[17]

”

—Adriano Espaillat's campaign website, http://www.espaillat2016.com/#!issues/c1flq

Campaign finance summary

Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.

Adriano Espaillat campaign contribution history
Year	Office	Status	Contributions	Expenditures
2026*	U.S. House New York District 13	Candidacy Declared general	$646,009	$169,018
2024*	U.S. House New York District 13	Won general	$1,373,170	$1,075,320
2022	U.S. House New York District 13	Won general	$1,294,439	$1,313,858
2020	U.S. House New York District 13	Won general	$1,090,539	$1,256,042
2018	U.S. House New York District 13	Won general	$826,376	$592,948
2016	U.S. House, New York District 13	Won	$775,360	N/A**
2014	New York State Senate, District 31	Won	$166,051	N/A**
2012	New York State Senate, District 31	Won	$294,590	N/A**
2010	New York State Senate, District 31	Won	$494,533	N/A**
2008	New York State Assembly, District 72	Won	$279,255	N/A**
2006	New York State Assembly, District 72	Won	$86,443	N/A**
2004	New York State Assembly, District 72	Won	$146,191	N/A**
2002	New York State Assembly, District 72	Won	$102,082	N/A**
2000	New York State Assembly, District 72	Won	$84,951	N/A**
1998	New York State Assembly, District 72	Won	$39,708	N/A**
** Data on expenditures is not available for this election cycle
Note: Totals above reflect only available data.

Notable endorsements

See also: Ballotpedia: Our approach to covering endorsements

This section displays endorsements this individual made in elections within Ballotpedia's coverage scope.

Notable candidate endorsements by Adriano Espaillat
Endorsee	Election	Stage	Outcome
Zohran Mamdani ^source (D, Working Families Party)	Mayor of New York (2025)	General	Advanced in Primary
Kamala D. Harris ^source (D, Working Families Party)	President of the United States (2024)	Primary	Lost General
Kathy Hochul ^source (D, Working Families Party)	Governor of New York (2022)	Primary	Won General
Joe Biden ^source (D, Working Families Party)	President of the United States (2020)	Primary	Won General

Personal finance disclosures

Members of the House are required to file financial disclosure reports. You can search disclosure reports on the House’s official website here.

Analysis

Below are links to scores and rankings Ballotpedia compiled for members of Congress. We chose analyses that help readers understand how each individual legislator fit into the context of the chamber as a whole in terms of ideology, bill advancement, bipartisanship, and more.

If you would like to suggest an analysis for inclusion in this section, please email editor@ballotpedia.org.

119th Congress (2025-2027)

Rankings and scores for the 119th Congress

118th Congress (2023-2025)

Rankings and scores for the 118th Congress

117th Congress (2021-2023)

Rankings and scores for the 117th Congress

116th Congress (2019-2021)

Rankings and scores for the 116th Congress

Voting alignment with the president

Analysis of percentage of votes that aligned with the president's positions

GovTrack Ideology scores

Ideological scores for members of Congress based on patterns of co-sponsorship

Center for Effective Lawmaking scores

Effectiveness scores based on bills sponsored, actions taken on sponsored bills, and substantiveness of bills

Lugar - McCourt Bipartisan Index

Bipartisan rankings based on cross-party bill co-sponsorship

115th Congress (2017-2019)

Rankings and scores for the 115th Congress

Voting alignment with the president

Analysis of percentage of votes that aligned with the president's positions

GovTrack Ideology scores

Ideological scores for members of Congress based on patterns of co-sponsorship

Center for Effective Lawmaking scores

Effectiveness scores based on bills sponsored, actions taken on sponsored bills, and substantiveness of bills

Lugar - McCourt Bipartisan Index

Bipartisan rankings based on cross-party bill co-sponsorship

Noteworthy events

Tested positive for coronavirus on January 14, 2021

See also: Politicians, candidates, and government officials diagnosed with or quarantined due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020


Coronavirus pandemic
Select a topic from the dropdown below to learn more.

On January 14, 2021, Espaillat announced that he had tested positive for coronavirus.^[18]

State legislative tenure

Scorecards

See also: State legislative scorecards and State legislative scorecards in New York

A scorecard evaluates a legislator’s voting record. Its purpose is to inform voters about the legislator’s political positions. Because scorecards have varying purposes and methodologies, each report should be considered on its own merits. For example, an advocacy group’s scorecard may assess a legislator’s voting record on one issue while a state newspaper’s scorecard may evaluate the voting record in its entirety.

Ballotpedia is in the process of developing an encyclopedic list of published scorecards. Some states have a limited number of available scorecards or scorecards produced only by select groups. It is Ballotpedia’s goal to incorporate all available scorecards regardless of ideology or number.

Click here for an overview of legislative scorecards in all 50 states. To contribute to the list of New York scorecards, email suggestions to editor@ballotpedia.org.

2016

In 2016, the 201st New York State Legislature, second annual session, was in session from January 6 through June 18.

Business Council of New York State, Inc.: Assembly and Senate

Legislators are scored on their votes on legislation concerning businesses, jobs, and the economy.

EPL/Environmental Advocates: 2016 Environmental Scorecard

Legislators are scored on their votes on bills related to environmental issues.

National Federation of Independent Business in New York: 2016 voting record

Legislators are scored on their votes on small business issues.

The American Conservative Union

Legislators are scored on their votes on conservative issues.

Unshackle Upstate

Legislators are scored on their legislative and budget votes as well as sponsorships of bills during the session.

2015

To view all the scorecards we found for this legislator in 2015, click [show].

In 2015, the 201st New York State Legislature, first annual session, was in session from January 7 through June 25.

Business Council of New York State, Inc.: Assembly and Senate

Legislators are scored on their votes on legislation concerning businesses, jobs, and the economy.

Conservative Party of New York State: Assembly and Senate

Legislators are scored on their votes on conservative issues.

EPL/Environmental Advocates: 2015 Environmental Scorecard

Legislators are scored on their votes on bills related to environmental issues.

The American Conservative Union

Legislators are scored on their votes on conservative issues.

Unshackle Upstate

Legislators are scored on their legislative and budget votes as well as sponsorships of bills during the session.

2014

To view all the scorecards we found for this legislator in 2014, click [show].

In 2014, the 200th New York State Legislature, second annual session, was in session from January 8 to June 19, 2014.

Business Council of New York State, Inc.: Assembly and Senate

Legislators are scored on their votes on legislation concerning businesses, jobs, and the economy.

Conservative Party of New York State: Assembly and Senate

Legislators are scored on their votes on conservative issues.

EPL/Environmental Advocates: 2014 Environmental Scorecard

Legislators are scored on their votes on bills related to environmental issues.

National Federation of Independent Business in New York: 2013-2014 Voting Record

Legislators are scored on their votes on small business issues.

2013

To view all the scorecards we found for this legislator in 2013, click [show].

In 2013, the 200th New York State Legislature, first annual session, was in session from January 9 to December 31.

Business Council of New York State, Inc.: Assembly and Senate

Legislators are scored on their votes on legislation concerning businesses, jobs, and the economy.

Conservative Party of New York State: Assembly and Senate

Legislators are scored on their votes on conservative issues.

EPL/Environmental Advocates: 2013 Environmental Scorecard

Legislators are scored on their votes on bills related to environmental issues.

National Federation of Independent Business in New York: 2013-2014 Voting Record

Legislators are scored on their votes on small business issues.

2012

To view all the scorecards we found for this legislator in 2012, click [show].

In 2012, the 199th New York State Legislature, second annual session, was in session from January 4 to June 22, 2012.

Business Council of New York State, Inc.: Assembly and Senate

Legislators are scored on their votes on legislation concerning businesses, jobs, and the economy.

Conservative Party of New York State: Assembly and Senate

Legislators are scored on their votes on conservative issues.

EPL/Environmental Advocates: 2012 Environmental Scorecard

Legislators are scored on their votes on bills related to environmental issues.

New Yorkers for Better Libraries: 2012 Voter's Guide

Legislators are scored on their voting records concerning library funding.

Unshackle Upstate: 2011-2012 Legislative Scorecard

Legislators are scored on their legislative and budget votes as well as sponsorships of bills during the session.

2011

To view all the scorecards we found for this legislator in 2011, click [show].

In 2011, the 199th New York State Legislature, first annual session, was in session from January 5 to June 20, 2011.

Business Council of New York State, Inc.: Assembly and Senate

Legislators are scored on their votes on legislation concerning businesses, jobs, and the economy.

Conservative Party of New York State: Assembly and Senate

Legislators are scored on their votes on conservative issues.

EPL/Environmental Advocates: 2011 Environmental Scorecard

Legislators are scored on their votes on bills related to environmental issues.

New Yorkers for Better Libraries: 2011 Voter's Guide

Legislators are scored on their voting records concerning library funding.

Unshackle Upstate: 2011-2012 Legislative Scorecard

Legislators are scored on their legislative and budget votes as well as sponsorships of bills during the session.

Committee assignments

2015 legislative session

At the beginning of the 2015 legislative session, Espaillat served on the following committees:

New York committee assignments, 2015
• Codes
• Environmental Conservation
• Finance
• Higher Education
• Housing, Construction and Community Development
• Insurance
• Judiciary
• Rules

2013-2014

In the 2013-2014 legislative session, Espaillat served on the following committees:

New York committee assignments, 2013
• Codes
• Environmental Conservation
• Finance
• Higher Education
• Housing, Construction and Community Development
• Insurance
• Judiciary
• Rules

2011-2012

In the 2011-2012 legislative session, Espaillat served on these committees:

New York committee assignments, 2011
• Codes
• Commerce, Economic Development and Small Business
• Environmental Conservation
• Housing, Construction, and Community Development
• Insurance
• Judiciary

2009-2010

In the 2009-2010 legislative session, Espaillat served on these Assembly committees:

New York committee assignments, 2009
• Alcoholism and Drug Abuse
• Corporations, Authorities and Commissions
• Environmental Conservation
• Insurance
• Veterans' Affairs
• Ways and Means

Key votes

See also: Key votes

Ballotpedia monitors legislation that receives a vote and highlights the ones that we consider to be key to understanding where elected officials stand on the issues. To read more about how we identify key votes, click here.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023-2025

The 118th United States Congress began on January 3, 2023, and ended on January 3, 2025. At the start of the session, Republicans held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (222-212), and Democrats held the majority in the U.S. Senate (51-49). Joe Biden (D) was the president and Kamala Harris (D) was the vice president. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023-2025

Vote

Bill and description

Status

Nay

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 (H.R. 2670) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 22, 2023, authorizing Department of Defense activities and programs for fiscal year 2024. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.^[19]

Passed (310-118)^[20]

Nay

To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes.

H.R. 185 (To terminate the requirement imposed by the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes.) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to nullify a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) order restricting the entry of foreign citizens to the United States unless the individual was vaccinated against the coronavirus or attested they would take public health measures to prevent the spread of the coronavirus. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[21]

Passed (227-201)^[22]

Nay

Limit, Save, Grow Act of 2023

The Limit, Save, Grow Act of 2023 (H.R. 2811) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to raise the federal debt limit before a June 5, 2023, deadline. The bill also sought to repeal certain green energy tax credits, increase domestic natural gas and oil production, expand work requirements for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) program, and nullify President Joe Biden's (D) proposed student loan debt cancellation program. This bill was not taken up in the Senate, and the debt limit was instead raised through the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[23]

Passed (217-215)^[24]

Nay

Denouncing the horrors of socialism.

H.Con.Res. 9 (Denouncing the horrors of socialism.) was a resolution approved by the House of Representatives denouncing socialism and opposing the implementation of socialist policies in the United States. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[25]

Passed (328-86)^[26]

Nay

Lower Energy Costs Act

The Lower Energy Costs Act (H.R. 1) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to increase domestic energy production and exports by increasing the production of oil, natural gas, and coal, reducing permitting restrictions for pipelines, refineries, and other energy projects, and increase the production of minerals used in electronics, among other energy production-related policies. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[27]

Passed (225-204)^[28]

Nay

Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights".

H.J.Res. 30 (Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to "Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights".) was a joint resolution of disapproval under the terms of the Congressional Review Act (CRA) passed by the 118th Congress and vetoed by President Joe Biden (D) on March 20, 2023. This was Biden's first veto of his presidency. The resolution sought to nullify a Department of Labor rule that amended the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA) to allow retirement plans to consider certain environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) factors in investment-related decisions. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[29] Click here to read more.

Passed (219-200)^[30]

Nay

Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020.

H.J.Res. 7 (Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020.) was a joint resolution of disapproval under the terms of the Congressional Review Act (CRA) passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on April 10, 2023. The resolution ended the national coronavirus state of emergency, which began on March 13, 2020. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[31] Click here to read more.

Passed (229-197)^[32]

Nay

Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023

The Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 (H.R. 3746) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on June 3, 2023. The bill raised the federal debt limit until January 2025. The bill also capped non-defense spending in fiscal year 2024, rescinded unspent coronavirus relief funding, rescinded some Internal Revenue Service (IRS) funding, enhanced work requirements for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and the Temporary Assistance to Needy Families program (TANF), simplified environmental reviews for energy projects, and ended the student loan debt repayment pause in August 2023. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[33] Click here to read more.

Passed (314-117)^[34]

Rep. Hakeem Jeffries (D-N.Y.)

Speaker of the House election (January 2023) - 15th vote

In January 2023, the House of Representatives held its regular election for Speaker of the House at the start of the 118th Congress. Voting began on January 3, and ended on January 7. Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) was elected speaker of the House in a 216-212 vote during the 15th round of voting. In order to elect a Speaker of the House, a majority of votes cast for a person by name was required.^[35] Click here to read more.

Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) (216-212)

Yea

Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant.

H.Res. 757 (Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant.) was a resolution passed by the House of Representatives that removed Rep. Kevin McCarthy (R-Calif.) from his position as Speaker of the House. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[36] Click here to read more.

Passed (216-210)^[37]

Rep. Hakeem Jeffries (D-N.Y.)

Speaker of the House election (October 2023) - 4th vote

In October 2023, following Rep. Kevin McCarthy's (R-Calif.) removal as Speaker of the House, the House of Representatives held another election for the position. Voting began on October 17 and ended on October 25. Rep. Mike Johnson (R-La.) was elected Speaker of the House in a 220-209 vote in the fourth round of voting. In order to elect a Speaker of the House, a majority of votes cast for a person by name was required.^[38] Click here to read more.

Rep. Mike Johnson (R-La.) (220-209)

Nay

Directing certain committees to continue their ongoing investigations as part of the existing House of Representatives inquiry into whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its Constitutional power to impeach Joseph Biden, President of the United States of America, and for other purposes.

H.Res. 918 (Directing certain committees to continue their ongoing investigations as part of the existing House of Representatives inquiry into whether sufficient grounds exist for the House of Representatives to exercise its Constitutional power to impeach Joseph Biden, President of the United States of America, and for other purposes.) was a resolution passed by the House of Representatives that formally authorized an impeachment inquiry into President Joe Biden (D). The inquiry focused on allegations that Biden used his influence as vice president from 2009 to 2017 to improperly profit from his son Hunter Biden's business dealings. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[39] Click here to read more.

Passed (221-212)^[40]

Yea

Providing for the expulsion of Representative George Santos from the United States House of Representatives.

H.Res. 878 (Providing for the expulsion of Representative George Santos from the United States House of Representatives.) was a resolution passed by the House of Representatives that removed Rep. George Santos (R-N.Y.) from office following a House Ethics Committee investigation that determined there was substantial evidence that Santos violated the law during his 2020 and 2022 campaigns. The resolution required a simple majority vote in the House.^[41]

Passed (311-114)^[42]

Yea

The Social Security Fairness Act of 2023

The Social Security Fairness Act of 2023 (H.R. 82) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on January 5, 2025, that reduced Social Security benefits for individuals who received other pensions from state or local governments. It also eliminated an offset that would reduce benefits for spouses and widows of individuals with government pensions. It also eliminated a provision that reduced benefits for an individual who received a pension or disability benefit from an employer that did not withhold Social Security taxes. This bill required a 2/3rds majority vote to pass.^[43]

Passed (327-75)^[44]

Nay

Secure the Border Act of 2023

The Secure the Border Act of 2023 (H.R. 2) was passed by the U.S. House on May 11, 2024. This bill would have introduced limits to asylum eligibility and required employers to use electronic verification of employee's legal eligibility to work. This bill required a simple majority vote.^[45]

Passed (219-213)^[46]

Nay

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024

The Consolidated Appropriations Act 2024 (H.R. 4366) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on March 9, 2024, authorizing appropriations for various government departments for the fiscal year 2024. The bill required a majority vote to pass.^[47]

Passed (219-211)^[48]

Yea

Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024

The Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024 (H.R. 7024) was a bill passed by the U.S. House on January 31, 2024, that would have modified the U.S. tax code, increasing how much money can be given back in credits and what is exempt. This bill required a 2/3rds majority vote to pass.^[49]

Passed (357-70)^[50]

Nay

Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025

The Servicemember Quality of Life Improvement and National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2025 (H.R. 8070) was passed by the U.S. House on June 14, 2024. The bill would have modified defense spending in the fiscal year 2025. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report. ^[51]

Passed (217-199)^[52]

Yea

Antisemitism Awareness Act of 2023

The Antisemitism Awareness Act of 2023 (H.R. 6090) was passed by the U.S. House on May 1, 2024. This bill made it so the Department of Education's Office of Civil Rights could have the authority to use the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance's definition of antisemitism when investigating cases of discrimination. This bill required a simple majority vote to pass.^[53]

Passed (320-91)^[54]

Yea

FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024

The FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024 (H.R.3935) was a bill passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on May 16, 2024, that reauthorized Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) funding until fiscal year 2028. The bill also made other modifications to address various department-related issues. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.^[55]

Passed (387-26)^[56]

Nay

Stop Terror-Financing and Tax Penalties on American Hostages Act

The Stop Terror-Financing and Tax Penalties on American Hostages Act (H.R. 9495) was passed by the U.S. House on November 21, 2024. The bill would have postponed U.S. tax deadlines for citizens who were wrongfully detained abroad. This bill required a simple majority to pass.^[57]

Passed (219-184)^[58]

Nay

Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors.

H.Res.863, Impeaching Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security, for high crimes and misdemeanors, passed the U.S. House on February 13, 2024. The resolution impeached U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security Alejandro Mayorkas (D) for high crimes and misdemeanors. The motion to impeach required a majority in the House and a 2/3rds vote in the Senate.^[59]

Passed (214-213)^[60]

Yea

Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025

H.R.9747, the Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025, was passed by the 118th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on September 26, 2024, providing funding to federal agencies, including the Secret Service, and federal programs for the 2025 fiscal year. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to pass the bill as amended by a Senate and House conference report.^[61]

Passed (341-82)^[62]

Key votes: Previous sessions of Congress

Key votes (click "show" to expand or "hide" to contract)

Key votes: 117th Congress, 2021-2023

The 117th United States Congress began on January 3, 2021 and ended on January 3, 2023. At the start of the session, Democrats held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (222-213), and the U.S. Senate had a 50-50 makeup. Democrats assumed control of the Senate on January 20, 2021, when President Joe Biden (D) and Vice President Kamala Harris (D), who acted as a tie-breaking vote in the chamber, assumed office. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 117th Congress, 2021-2023

Vote

Bill and description

Status

Yea

Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act

The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (H.R. 3684) was a federal infrastructure bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on November 15, 2021. Among other provisions, the bill provided funding for new infrastructure projects and reauthorizations, Amtrak maintenance and development, bridge repair, replacement, and rehabilitation, clean drinking water, high-speed internet, and clean energy transmission and power infrastructure upgrades. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[63] Click here to read more.

Passed (228-206)

Yea

American Rescue Plan Act of 2021

The American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (H.R. 1319) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on March 11, 2021, to provide economic relief in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Key features of the bill included funding for a national vaccination program and response, funding to safely reopen schools, distribution of $1,400 per person in relief payments, and extended unemployment benefits. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[64] Click here to read more.

Passed (220-210)

Yea

Inflation Reduction Act of 2022

The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (H.R. 5376) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on August 16, 2022, to address climate change, healthcare costs, and tax enforcement. Key features of the bill included a $369 billion investment to address energy security and climate change, an extension of Affordable Care Act subsidies, allowing Medicare to negotiate certain drug prices, a 15% corporate minimum tax, a 1% stock buyback fee, and enhanced Internal Revenue Service (IRS) enforcement, and an estimated $300 billion deficit reduction from 2022-2031. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[65] Click here to read more.

Passed (220-207)

Yea

Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act

The Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act (H.R. 3617) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to decriminalize marijuana, establish studies of legal marijuana sales, tax marijuana imports and production, and establish a process to expunge and review federal marijuana offenses. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[66]

Passed (220-204)

Yea

For the People Act of 2021

The For the People Act of 2021 (H.R. 1) was a federal election law and government ethics bill approved by the House of Representatives. The Congressional Research Service said the bill would "expand voter registration (e.g., automatic and same-day registration) and voting access (e.g., vote-by-mail and early voting). It [would also limit] removing voters from voter rolls. ... Further, the bill [would address] campaign finance, including by expanding the prohibition on campaign spending by foreign nationals, requiring additional disclosure of campaign-related fundraising and spending, requiring additional disclaimers regarding certain political advertising, and establishing an alternative campaign funding system for certain federal offices." The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[67] Click here to read more.

Passed (220-210)

Yea

Assault Weapons Ban of 2022

The Assault Weapons Ban of 2022 (H.R. 1808) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives that sought to criminalize the knowing import, sale, manufacture, transfer, or possession of semiautomatic assault weapons (SAW) or large capacity ammunition feeding devices (LCAFD). The bill made exemptions for grandfathered SAWs and LCAFDs. It required a simple majority vote in the House.^[68]

Passed (217-213)

Yea

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022 (S. 1605) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 27, 2021, authorizing Department of Defense acitivities and programs for fiscal year 2022. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[69]

Passed (363-70)

Nay

James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023

The James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023 (H.R. 7776) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 23, 2022, authorizing Department of Defense activities and programs for fiscal year 2023. The bill required a 2/3 majority in the House to suspend rules and pass the bill as amended.^[70]

Passed (350-80)

Yea

American Dream and Promise Act of 2021

The American Dream and Promise Act of 2021 (H.R. 6) was an immigration bill approved by the House of Representatives that proposed a path to permanent residence status for unauthorized immigrants eligible for Temporary Protected Status or Deferred Enforced Departure, among other immigration-related proposals. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[71]

Passed (228-197)

Yea

Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022

The Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022 (S. 3373) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on August 10, 2022, that sought to address healthcare access, the presumption of service-connection, and research, resources, and other matters related to veterans who were exposed to toxic substances during military service. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[72]

Passed (342-88)

Yea

Chips and Science Act

The Chips and Science Act (H.R. 4346) was a bill approved by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on August 9, 2022, which sought to fund domestic production of semiconductors and authorized various federal science agency programs and activities. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[73]

Passed (243-187)

Yea

Women’s Health Protection Act of 2021

The Women's Health Protection Act of 2021 (H.R. 3755) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives. The bill proposed prohibiting governmental restrictions on the provision of and access to abortion services and prohibiting governments from issuing some other abortion-related restrictions. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[74]

Passed (218-211)

Yea

SAFE Banking Act of 2021

The SAFE Banking Act of 2021 (H.R. 1996) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives that proposed prohibiting federal regulators from penalizing banks for providing services to legitimate cannabis-related businesses and defining proceeds from such transactions as not being proceeds from unlawful activity, among other related proposals. Since the House moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill in an expedited process, it required a two-thirds majority vote in the House.^[75]

Passed (321-101)

Yea

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022

The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022 (H.R. 2471) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on March 15, 2022, providing for the funding of federal agencies for the remainder of 2022, providing funding for activities related to Ukraine, and modifying or establishing various programs. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[76]

Passed (260-171)

Yea

Equality Act

The Equality Act (H.R. 5) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that proposed prohibiting discrimination on the basis of sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity in areas including public accommodations and facilities, education, federal funding, employment, housing, credit, and the jury system, among other related proposals. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[77]

Passed (224-206)

Yea

Respect for Marriage Act

The Respect for Marriage Act (H.R. 8404) was a bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 13, 2022. The bill codified the recognition of marriages between individuals of the same sex and of different races, ethnicities, or national origins, and provided that the law would not impact religious liberty or conscience protections, or provide grounds to compel nonprofit religious organizations to recognize same-sex marriages. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[78] Click here to read more.

Passed (258-169)

Yea

Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023

The Continuing Appropriations and Ukraine Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2023 (H.R. 6833) was a bill approved by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on September 30, 2022. It provided for some fiscal year 2023 appropriations, supplemental funds for Ukraine, and extended several other programs and authorities. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[79]

Passed (230-201)

Yea

Consumer Fuel Price Gouging Prevention Act

The Consumer Fuel Price Gouging Prevention Act (H.R. 7688) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to prohibit individuals from selling consumer fuels at excessive prices during a proclaimed energy emergency. It would have also required the Federal Trade Commission to investigate whether the price of gasoline was being manipulated. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[80]

Passed (217-207)

Yea

Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2021

The Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2021 (H.R. 8) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to prohibit the transfer of firearms between private parties unless a licensed firearm vendor conducted a background check on the recipient. The bill also provided for certain exceptions to this requirement. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[81]

Passed (227-203)

Yea

Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act

The Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act was a federal elections bill approved by the House of Representatives and voted down by the Senate in a failed cloture vote that sought to, among other provisions, make Election Day a public holiday, allow for same-day voter registration, establish minimum early voting periods, and allow absentee voting for any reason, restrict the removal of local election administrators in federal elections, regulate congressional redistricting, expand campaign finance disclosure rules for some organizations, and amend the Voting Rights Act to require some states to obtain clearance from the U.S. Department of Justice before implementing new election laws. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[82] Click here to read more.

Passed (220-203)

Yea

Bipartisan Safer Communities Act

The Bipartisan Safer Communities Act (S. 2938) was a firearm regulation and mental health bill passed by the 117th Congress and signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on June 25, 2022. Provisions of the bill included expanding background checks for individuals under the age of 21, providing funding for mental health services, preventing individuals who had been convicted of a domestic violence misdemeanor or felony in dating relationships from purchasing firearms for five years, providing funding for state grants to implement crisis intervention order programs, and providing funding for community-based violence prevention initiatives. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[83] Click here to read more.

Passed (234-193)

Yea

Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors.

This was a resolution before the 117th Congress setting forth an article of impeachment saying that Donald Trump (R) incited an insurrection against the government of the United States on January 6, 2021. The House of Representatives approved the article of impeachment, and the Senate adjudged that Trump was not guilty of the charges. The article of impeachment required a simple majority vote in the House.^[84] Click here to read more.

Passed (232-197)

Yea

Electoral Count Reform and Presidential Transition Improvement Act of 2022

The Electoral Count Reform and Presidential Transition Improvement Act was a bill passed by the 117th Congress in the form of an amendment to a year-end omnibus funding bill that was signed into law by President Joe Biden (D) on December 23, 2022. The bill changed the procedure for counting electoral votes outlined in the Electoral Count Act of 1887. Elements of the bill included specifying that the vice president's role at the joint session of congress to count electoral votes is ministerial, raising the objection threshold at the joint session of congress to count electoral votes to one-fifth of the members of both the House of Representatives and the Senate, identifying governors as the single official responsible for submitting the certificate of ascertainment identifying that state’s electors, and providing for expedited judicial review of certain claims about states' certificates identifying their electors. The bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[85] Click here to read more.

Passed (225-201)

Key votes: 116th Congress, 2019-2021

The 116th United States Congress began on January 9, 2019, and ended on January 3, 2021. At the start of the session, Democrats held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (235-200), and Republicans held the majority in the U.S. Senate (53-47). Donald Trump (R) was the president and Mike Pence (R) was the vice president. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 116th Congress, 2019-2021

Vote

Bill and description

Status

Yea

Fairness for High-Skilled Immigrants Act of 2020

The Fairness for High-Skilled Immigrants Act of 2020 (H.R. 1044) was a bill passed by the House of Representatives seeking to increase the cap on employment-based visas, establish certain rules governing such visas, and impose some additional requirements on employers hiring holders of such visas. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to suspend the rules and pass the bill as amended.^[86]

Passed (365-65)

Yea

The Heroes Act

The HEROES Act (H.R. 6800) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to address the COVID-19 outbreak by providing $1,200 payments to individuals, extending and expanding the moratorium on some evictions and foreclosures, outlining requirements and establishing finding for contact tracing and COVID-19 testing, providing emergency supplemental appropriations to federal agencies for fiscal year 2020, and eliminating cost-sharing for COVID-19 treatments. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[87]

Passed (208-199)

Yea

For the People Act of 2019

The For the People Act of 2019 (H.R.1) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to protect election security, revise rules on campaign funding, introduce new provisions related to ethics, establish independent, nonpartisan redistricting commissions, and establish new rules on the release of tax returns for presidential and vice presidential candidates. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[88]

Passed (234-193)

Yea

CARES Act

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act (H.R. 748) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on March 27, 2020, that expanded benefits through the joint federal-state unemployment insurance program during the coronavirus pandemic. The legislation also included $1,200 payments to certain individuals, funding for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits, and funds for businesses, hospitals, and state and local governments. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House.^[89]

Passed (419-6)

Yea

Equality Act

The Equality Act (H.R. 5) was a bill approved by the House Representatives that sought to ban discrimination based on sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity by expanding the definition of establishments that fall under public accomodation and prohibiting the denial of access to a shared facility that is in agreement with an indiviual's gender indenitity. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[90]

Passed (236-173)

Yea

Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019

The Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2019 (H.R. 8) was a bill approved by the House that sought to ban firearm transfers between private parties unless a licensed gun dealer, manufacturer, or importer first takes possession of the firearm to conduct a background check. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[91]

Passed (240-190)

Yea

American Dream and Promise Act of 2019

The American Dream and Promise Act of 2019 (H.R.6) was a bill approved by the House Representatives that sought to protect certain immigrants from removal proceedings and provide a path to permanent resident status by establishing streamlined procedures for permanant residency and canceling removal proceedings against certain qualifed individuals. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[92]

Passed (237-187)

Nay

National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020

The National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (S. 1790) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on December 20, 2019, setting policies and appropriations for the Department of Defense. Key features of this bill include appropriations for research/development, procurement, military construction, and operation/maintenence, as well as policies for paid family leave, North Korea nuclear sanctions, limiting the use of criminal history in federal hiring and contracting, military housing privatization, and paid family leave for federal personnel. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[93]

Passed (377-48)

Yea

Families First Coronavirus Response Act

The Families First Coronavirus Response Act (H.R. 6201) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on March 18, 2020, addressing the COVID-19 pandemic by increasing access to unemployment benefits and food assistance, increasing funding for Medicaid, providing free testing for COVID-19, and requiring employers to provide paid sick time to employees who cannot work due to COVID-19. The bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House.^[94]

Passed (363-40)

Yea

Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement Act of 2019

The Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement Act (H.R. 1994) was a bill passed by the House Representatives that sought to change the requirements for employer provided retirement plans, IRAs, and other tax-favored savings accounts by modfying the requirements for things such as loans, lifetime income options, required minimum distributions, the eligibility rules for certain long-term, part-time employees, and nondiscrimination rules. The bill also sought to treat taxable non-tuition fellowship and stipend payments as compensation for the purpose of an IRA, repeal the maximum age for traditional IRA contributions, increase penalties for failing to file tax returns, allow penalty-free withdrawals from retirement plans if a child is born or adopted, and expand the purposes for which qualified tuition programs may be used. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House. ^[95]

Passed (417-3)

Yea

Elijah E. Cummings Lower Drug Costs Now Act

The Elijah E. Cummings Lower Drug Costs Now Act (H.R. 3) was a bill approved by the House Representatives that sought to address the price of healthcare by requiring the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to negotiate prices for certain drugs, requiring drug manufactures to issue rebates for certain drugs covered under Medicare, requiring drug price transparency from drug manufacturers, expanding Medicare coverage, and providing funds for certain public health programs. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[96]

Passed (230-192)

Yea

Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020

The Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020 (H.R. 1865) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on December 20, 2019, providing appropriations for federal agencies in fiscal year 2020. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[97]

Passed (297-120)

Yea

Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019

The Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019 (S. 1838) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump (R) on November 27, 2019, directing several federal departments to assess Hong Kong's unique treatment under U.S. law. Key features of the bill include directing the Department of State to report and certify annually to Congress as to whether Hong Kong is sufficiently autonomous from China to justify its unique treatment, and directing the Department of Commerce to report annually to Congress on China's efforts to use Hong Kong to evade U.S. export controls and sanctions. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House.^[98]

Passed (417-1)

Yea

MORE Act of 2020

The MORE Act of 2020 (H.R. 3884) was a bill approved by the House of Representatives that sought to decriminalize marijuana by removing marijuana as a scheduled controlled substance and eliminating criminal penalties for an individual who manufactures, distributes, or possesses marijuana. This bill required a simple majority vote from the House.^[99]

Passed (228-164)

Yea

Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020

The Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020 (H.R. 6074) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on March 6, 2020, providing emergency funding to federal agencies in response to the COVID-19 outbreak. Key features of the bill include funding for vaccine research, small business loans, humanitarian assistance to affected foreign countries, emergency preparedness, and grants for public health agencies and organizations. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to suspend the rules and pass the bill.^[100]

Passed (415-2)

Nay

Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019

The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2019 (H.J.Res. 31) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on February 15, 2019, providing approrations for Fiscal Year 2019. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House.^[101]

Passed (300 -128)

Yea

John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act

The John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act (S. 47) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Doanld Trump on March 12, 2019. This bill sought to set provisions for federal land management and conservation by doing things such as conducting land exchanges and conveyances, establishing programs to respond to wildfires, and extending and reauthorizing wildlife conservation programs. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House.^[102]

Passed (363-62)

Nay

William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (On passage)

The William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (H.R. 6395) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and vetoed by President Donald Trump on December 23, 2020. Congress voted to override Trump's veto, and the bill became law on January 1, 2021. The bill set Department of Defense policies and appropriations for Fiscal Year 2021. Trump vetoed the bill due to disagreement with provisions related to Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, the renaming of certain military installations, limits on emergency military construction fund usage, and limits on troop withdrawals. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House on passage, and a two-thirds majority vote in the House to override Trump's veto.^[103]

Passed (335-78)

Nay

William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Overcoming veto)

The William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (H.R. 6395) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and vetoed by President Donald Trump on December 23, 2020. Congress voted to override Trump's veto, and the bill became law on January 1, 2021. The bill set Department of Defense policies and appropriations for Fiscal Year 2021. Trump vetoed the bill due to disagreement with provisions related to Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, the renaming of certain military installations, limits on emergency military construction fund usage, and limits on troop withdrawals. This bill required a simple majority vote in the House on passage, and a two-thirds majority vote in the House to override Trump's veto.^[104]

Passed (322-87)

Yea

Government Employee Fair Treatment Act of 2019

The Government Employee Fair Treatment Act of 2019 (S.24) was a bill passed by the 116th Congress and signed into law by President Donald Trump on January 16, 2019, that requires federal employees who were furloughed or compelled to work during a lapse in government funding to be compensated for that time. The bill also required those employees to be compensated as soon as the lapse in funding ends, irregardless of official pay date. This bill required a two-thirds majority vote in the House to suspend the rules and pass the bill.^[105]

Passed (411-7)

Yea

Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. (Article 1)

The 2020 impeachment of Donald Trump (R) was a resolution before the 116th Congress to set forth two articles of impeachment saying that Trump abused his power and obstructed congress. The first article was related to allegations that Trump requested the Ukrainian government investigate former Vice President Joe Biden (D) and his son, Hunter Biden, in exchange for aid, and the second was related to Trump's response to the impeachment inquiry. The House of Representatives approved both articles of impeachment, and the Senate adjudged that Trump was not guilty of either charge. The articles of impeachment required a simple majority vote in the House. ^[106]

Guilty (230-197)

Yea

Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes and misdemeanors. (Article 2)

The 2020 impeachment of Donald Trump (R) was a resolution before the 116th Congress to set forth two articles of impeachment saying that Trump abused his power and obstructed congress. The first article was related to allegations that Trump requested the Ukrainian government investigate former Vice President Joe Biden (D) and his son, Hunter Biden, in exchange for aid, and the second was related to Trump's response to the impeachment inquiry. The House of Representatives approved both articles of impeachment, and the Senate adjudged that Trump was not guilty of either charge. The articles of impeachment required a simple majority vote in the House. ^[107]

Guilty (229-198)

Key votes: 115th Congress, 2017-2018

For detailed information about each vote, click here.

Votes on domestic policy (click to expand)

Voted Yea on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (Conference report) (HR 2)

Bill Passed (369-47) on December 12, 2018

Proposed providing funding for commodity support, conservation, trade and international food aid, nutrition assistance, farm credit, rural development, research and extension activities, forestry, horticulture, and crop insurance through fiscal year 2023.^[108]

Voted Nay on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (HR 2 (second vote))

Bill Passed (213-211) on June 21, 2018

Proposed providing funding for commodity support, conservation, trade and international food aid, nutrition assistance, farm credit, rural development, research and extension activities, forestry, horticulture, and crop insurance. It also proposed modifying the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, previously known as the food stamp program.^[109]

Voted Nay on: Securing America’s Future Act of 2018 (HR 4760)

Bill Failed (193-231) on June 21, 2018

Proposed funding a border wall, limiting legal immigration, a mandatory worker verification program, allowing DACA recipients to apply for legal status, and preventing separation of families at the border.^[110]

Voted Yea on: Agriculture and Nutrition Act of 2018 (HR 2)

Bill Passed (369-47) on December 12, 2018

Reauthorizes through FY2023 and modifies some Department of Agriculture (USDA) programs.^[111]

Voted Nay on: Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act (HR 36)

Bill Passed (237-189) on October 3, 2017

Proposed amending the federal criminal code to make it a crime for any person to perform or attempt to perform an abortion if the probable post-fertilization age of the fetus was 20 weeks or more. The bill provided exceptions for an abortion: (1) that was necessary to save the life of the pregnant woman, or (2) when the pregnancy was the result of rape or incest.^[112]

Voted Nay on: Kate's Law (HR 3004)

Bill Passed (257-167) on June 29, 2017

Proposed increasing criminal penalties for individuals in the country illegally who were convicted of certain crimes, deported, and then re-entered the U.S. illegally.^[113]

Voted Nay on: No Sanctuary for Criminals Act (HR 3003)

Bill Passed (228-195) on June 29, 2017

Proposed withholding federal funds from states and localities that chose not to follow federal immigration laws.^[114]

Voted Nay on: American Health Care Act of 2017 (HR 1628)

Bill passed (217-213) on May 4, 2017

Proposed modifying the budgetary and fiscal provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), also known as Obamacare.^[115]

Votes on economic affairs and regulations (click to expand)

Voted Yea on: Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 (Conference report) (HR 6157)

Bill Passed (361-61) on September 26, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Departments of Defense, Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor, and Education.^[116]

Voted Yea on: Energy and Water, Legislative Branch, and Military Construction and Veterans Affairs Appropriations Act, 2019 (Conference report) (HR 5895)

Bill Passed (377-20) on September 13, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Department of Energy, water resources, the legislative branch, military construction, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, among other programs.^[117]

Voted Nay on: Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 (HR 6157)

Bill Passed (359-49) on June 28, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Departments of Defense, Health and Human Services (HHS), Labor, and Education.^[118]

Voted Nay on: Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2019 (HR 5895)

Bill Passed (235-179) on June 8, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for the Department of Energy, water resources, the legislative branch, military construction, and the Department of Veterans Affairs, among other programs.^[119]

Voted Nay on: Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (S 2155)

Bill Passed (258-159) on May 22, 2018

Proposed exempting some banks from the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act^[120]

Voted Nay on: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1625)

Bill Passed (256-167) on March 22, 2018

Proposed providing appropriations for fiscal year 2018, and for other purposes.^[121]

Voted Nay on: The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (HR 1892)

Bill Passed (240-186) on February 9, 2018

Proposed providing appropriations through March 23, 2018.^[122]

Voted Nay on: Further Extension Of Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1892)

Bill Passed (245-182) on February 6, 2018

Proposed providing appropriations through March 23, 2018.^[123]

Voted Nay on: Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, and for other purposes. (HR 195)

Bill Passed (266-150) on January 22, 2018

Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through February 8, 2018.^[124]

Voted Nay on: Making further continuing appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018, and for other purposes. (HR 195)

Bill Passed (230-197) on January 18, 2018

Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through February 16, 2018.^[125]

Voted Nay on: Further Additional Continuing Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 1370)

Bill Passed (231-188) on December 21, 2017

Proposed providing further continuing appropriations through January 19, 2018.^[126]

Voted Nay on: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (HR 1)

Bill Passed (227-203) on December 19, 2017

Proposed providing for reconciliation pursuant to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018.^[127]

Voted Nay on: Making further continuing appropriations for fiscal year 2018, and for other purposes (HJ Res 123)

Bill Passed (235-193) on December 7, 2017

Proposed funding the government until December 22, 2017.^[128]

Voted Nay on: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (HR 1)

Bill Passed (227-205) on November 16, 2017

Proposed amending the Internal Revenue Code to reduce tax rates and modify policies, credits, and deductions for individuals and businesses.^[129]

Voted Nay on: Establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2018 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2019 through 2027. (H Con Res 71)

Bill Passed (216-212) on October 26, 2017

Proposed establishing the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2018 and setting forth budgetary levels for FY2019-FY2027. (This bill proposed adopting the Senate's budget resolution.)^[130]

Voted Nay on: Establishing the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2018 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2019 through 2027. (H Con Res 71)

Bill Passed (219-206) on October 5, 2017

Proposed establishing the congressional budget for the federal government for FY2018 and setting forth budgetary levels for FY2019-FY2027.^[131]

Voted Nay on: Make America Secure and Prosperous Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 3354)

Bill Passed (211-198) on September 14, 2017

Proposed providing FY2018 appropriations for the federal government. It combined 12 appropriations bills.^[132]

Voted Yea on: Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2017 (Included amendments to suspend the debt ceiling and fund the government) (HR 601)

Bill Passed (316-90) on September 8, 2017

Proposed suspending the debt ceiling and funding the government until December 8, 2017, and providing funding for Hurricanes Harvey and Irma relief efforts.^[133]

Voted Yea on: Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2017 (HR 601)

Bill Passed (419-3) on September 6, 2017

Proposed providing $7.85 billion for disaster relief requirements, including response and recovery efforts from Hurricane Harvey.^[134]

Voted Nay on: Financial CHOICE Act of 2017 (HR 10)

Bill passed (233-186) on June 8, 2017

Proposed amending the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, among other acts.^[135]

Voted Nay on: Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2017 (HR 244)

Bill passed (309-118) on May 3, 2017

Proposed a $1.2 trillion budget to fund the government through the end of the fiscal year on September 30, 2017.^[136]

Votes on foreign policy and national security issues (click to expand)

Voted Nay on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (HR 5515)

Bill Passed (351-66) on May 24, 2018

Proposed authorizing FY2019 appropriations and policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities^[137]

Voted Nay on: Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 695)

Bill Passed (250-166) on January 30, 2018

Proposed providing appropriations for military functions administered by the Department of Defense and for other purposes, for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2018.^[138]

Voted Nay on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018—Conference report (HR 2810)

Bill Passed (356-70) on November 14, 2017

Proposed authorizing FY2018 appropriations and setting forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths.^[139]

Voted Nay on: Make America Secure Appropriations Act, 2018 (HR 3219)

Bill Passed (235-192) on July 27, 2017

Proposed making appropriations for defense, military construction, Veterans Affairs, the Legislative Branch, energy and water development, and for other purposes for the fiscal year ending on September 30, 2018.^[140]

Voted Yea on: Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (HR 3364)

Bill Passed (419-3) on July 25, 2017

Proposed providing congressional review and measures to counter aggression by the governments of Iran, the Russian Federation, and North Korea, and for other purposes.^[141]

Voted Yea on: Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 3180, second vote)

Bill Passed (380-35) on July 28, 2017

Proposed authorizing appropriations for fiscal year 2018 for intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the United States Government, the Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes.^[142]

Voted Nay on: Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 3180)

Bill Failed (241-163) on July 24, 2017

Proposed authorizing appropriations for fiscal year 2018 for intelligence and intelligence-related activities of the United States Government, the Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes.^[143]

Voted Nay on: National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (HR 2810)

Bill Passed (344-81) on July 14, 2017

Proposed authorizing fiscal year 2018 appropriations and setting forth policies for Department of Defense (DOD) programs and activities, including military personnel strengths. It did not provide budget authority.^[144]

Voted Nay on: Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2017 (HR 1301)

Bill passed (371-48) on March 8, 2017

The $577.9 billion fiscal year 2017 defense spending bill proposed $516.1 billion in base budget funding and $61.8 billion for Overseas Contingency Operations/ Global War on Terrorism funding.^[145]

External links

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Candidate

U.S. House New York District 13

Website

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Officeholder

U.S. House New York District 13

Personal

Footnotes

Political offices
Preceded by Charles B. Rangel (D)	U.S. House New York District 13 2017-Present	Succeeded by -
Preceded by -	New York State Senate District 31 2011-2017	Succeeded by -
Preceded by -	New York State Assembly 1996-2010	Succeeded by -

[show]

New York's current delegation to the United States Congress

Senators

Kirsten Gillibrand (D)

Chuck Schumer (D)

Representatives

District 1

Nicholas LaLota (R)

District 2

Andrew Garbarino (R)

District 3

Tom Suozzi (D)

District 4

Laura Gillen (D)

District 5

Gregory Meeks (D)

District 6

Grace Meng (D)

District 7

Nydia Velazquez (D)

District 8

Hakeem Jeffries (D)

District 9

Yvette Clarke (D)

District 10

Daniel Goldman (D)

District 11

Nicole Malliotakis (R)

District 12

Jerrold Nadler (D)

District 13

Adriano Espaillat (D)

District 14

Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D)

District 15

Ritchie Torres (D)

District 16

George Latimer (D)

District 17

Michael Lawler (R)

District 18

Pat Ryan (D)

District 19

Josh Riley (D)

District 20

Paul Tonko (D)

District 21

Elise Stefanik (R)

District 22

John Mannion (D)

District 23

Nick Langworthy (R)

District 24

Claudia Tenney (R)

District 25

Joseph Morelle (D)

District 26

Tim Kennedy (D)

Democratic Party (21)

Republican Party (7)

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[list-3] Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named list

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[18] The New York Times, "Adriano Espaillat is the latest member of Congress to test positive for the virus after Capitol siege," January 14, 2021

[19] Congress.gov, "H.R.2670 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024," accessed February 23, 2024

[20] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 723," December 14, 2023

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[25] Congress.gov, "H.Con.Res.9 - Denouncing the horrors of socialism." accessed February 23, 2024

[26] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 106," accessed May 15, 2025

[27] Congress.gov, "H.R.1 - Lower Energy Costs Act," accessed February 23, 2024

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[33] Congress.gov, "H.R.3746 - Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023," accessed February 23, 2024

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[36] Congress.gov, "H.Res.757 - Declaring the office of Speaker of the House of Representatives to be vacant.," accessed February 23, 2024

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[41] Congress.gov, "H.Res.878 - Providing for the expulsion of Representative George Santos from the United States House of Representatives." accessed February 23, 2024

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[43] Congress.gov, "Social Security Fairness Act of 2023." accessed February 13, 2025

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[49] Congress.gov, "Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024," accessed February 23, 2024

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[53] Congress.gov, "H.R.6090 - Antisemitism Awareness Act of 2023," accessed February 13, 2025

[54] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 172," accessed May 15, 2025

[55] Congress.gov, "H.R.3935 - FAA Reauthorization Act of 2024," accessed February 13, 2025

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[57] Congress.gov, "H.R.9495 - Stop Terror-Financing and Tax Penalties on American Hostages Act," accessed February 13, 2025

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[60] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 43," accessed May 15, 2025

[61] Congress.gov, "H.R.9747 - Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025," accessed February 13, 2025

[62] Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, "Roll Call 450," accessed May 15, 2025

[63] Congress.gov, "H.R.3684 - Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act," accessed April 15, 2022

[64] Congress.gov, "H.R.1319 - American Rescue Plan Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022

[65] Congress.gov, "H.R.5376 - Inflation Reduction Act of 2022," accessed January 20, 2023

[66] Congress.gov, "H.R.3617 - Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act," accessed January 20, 2023

[67] Congress.gov, "H.R.1 - For the People Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022

[68] Congress.gov, "H.R.1808 - Assault Weapons Ban of 2022," accessed January 20, 2023

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[70] Congress.gov, "H.R.7776 - James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023," accessed January 20, 2023

[71] Congress.gov, "H.R.6 - American Dream and Promise Act of 2021," accessed April 15, 2022

[72] Congress.gov, "S.3373 - Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics Act of 2022," accessed January 20, 2023

[73] Congress.gov, "H.R.4346 - Chips and Science Act," accessed January 20, 2023

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[77] Congress.gov, "H.R.5 - Equality Act," accessed April 15, 2022

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[81] Congress.gov, "H.R.8 - Bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2021," accessed January 20, 2023

[82] Congress.gov, "H.R.5746 - Freedom to Vote: John R. Lewis Act," accessed January 20, 2023

[83] Congress.gov, "S.2938 - Bipartisan Safer Communities Act," accessed January 20, 2023

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[86] Congress.gov, "H.R.1044 - Fairness for High-Skilled Immigrants Act of 2020," accessed March 22, 2024

[87] Congress.gov, "H.R.6800 - The Heroes Act," accessed April 23, 2024

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[89] Congress.gov, "H.R.748 - CARES Act," accessed April 23, 2024

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[93] Congress.gov, "S.1790 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020," accessed April 27, 2024

[94] Congress.gov, "H.R.6201 - Families First Coronavirus Response Act," accessed April 24, 2024

[95] Congress.gov, "H.R.1994 - Setting Every Community Up for Retirement Enhancement Act of 2019," accessed April 27, 2024

[96] Congress.gov, "H.R.3 - Elijah E. Cummings Lower Drug Costs Now Act," accessed March 22, 2024

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[98] Congress.gov, "S.1838 - Hong Kong Human Rights and Democracy Act of 2019," accessed April 27, 2024

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[113] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 344," June 29, 2017

[114] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 342," June 29, 2017

[115] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 256," May 4, 2017

[116] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 405," September 26, 2018

[117] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 399," September 13, 2018

[118] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 313," June 28, 2018

[119] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 257," June 8, 2018

[120] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 216," May 22, 2018

[121] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 127," March 22, 2018

[122] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 69," February 9, 2018

[123] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 60," February 6, 2018

[124] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 44," January 22, 2018

[125] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 33," January 18, 2018

[126] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 708," December 21, 2017

[127] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 692," December 19, 2017

[128] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 670," December 7, 2017

[129] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 637," November 16, 2017

[130] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 589," October 26, 2017

[131] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 557," October 5, 2017

[132] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 528," September 14, 2017

[133] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 480," September 8, 2017

[134] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 441," September 6, 2017

[135] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 299," June 8, 2017

[136] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 249," May 3, 2017

[137] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 230," May 24, 2018

[138] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 49," January 30, 2018

[139] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 631," November 14, 2017

[140] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 435," July 27, 2017

[141] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 413," July 25, 2017

[142] Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 437," July 28, 2017

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