New York State Assembly
| New York State Assembly | |
 | |
| General Information | |
| Party control: | Democrat |
| Session start:[1] | January 8, 2020 |
| Session end:[1] | December 31, 2020 |
| Term length: | 2 years |
| Term limits: | None |
| Redistricting: | Legislative control |
| Salary: | $110,000/year + per diem |
| Members | |
| Total: | 150 |
| Democrats: | 103 |
| Republicans: | 42 |
| Other: | 1 (Independence) |
| Vacancies: | 4 |
| Leadership | |
| Speaker: | Carl Heastie (D) |
| Maj. Leader: | Crystal Peoples-Stokes (D) |
| Min. Leader: | William Barclay (R) |
| Elections | |
| Last election: | November 6, 2018 |
| Next election: | November 3, 2020 |
The New York State Assembly is the lower chamber of the New York State Legislature. Alongside the New York State Senate, it forms the legislative branch of the New York state government and works alongside the governor of New York to create laws and establish a state budget. Legislative authority and responsibilities of the New York State Assembly include passing bills on public policy matters, setting levels for state spending, raising and lowering taxes, and voting to uphold or override gubernatorial vetoes.
The New York State Assembly meets in the state capitol building in Albany, New York.
This page contains the following information on the New York State Assembly.
- Which party controls the chamber
- The chamber's current membership
- Partisan control of the chamber over time
- Elections in the chamber and how vacancies are filled
- A district map
- How redistricting works in the state
- Legislation currently under consideration
- Legislative session dates
- Legislative procedures, such as veto overrides and the state budget process
- A list of committees
Contents
- 1 Party control
- 2 Members
- 3 Historical party control
- 4 Elections
- 5 District map
- 6 Redistricting
- 7 Sessions
- 8 Legislative roles and procedures
- 9 Committees
- 10 Constitutional amendments
- 11 See also
- 12 Footnotes
Party control
Current partisan control
The table below shows the partisan breakdown of the New York State Assembly as of November 2020: The following figures are from before the November 2020 election. Click here to see our election results coverage.
| Party | As of November 2020 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 103 | |
| Republican Party | 42 | |
| Independence | 1 | |
| Vacancies | 4 | |
| Total | 150 | |
Members
Leadership
The speaker of the Assembly is the presiding officer of the body. Duties of the speaker include preserving order and decorum, deciding all questions of order, and appointing all committee and subcommittee members.[2][3]
Current leadership and members
- House speaker: Carl Heastie (D)
- Majority leader: Crystal Peoples-Stokes (D)
- Minority leader: William Barclay (R)
Salaries
- See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
| State legislators | |
|---|---|
| Salary | Per diem |
| $110,000/year | $174/day (including overnight) or $61/day (no overnight). |
Swearing in dates
New York legislators assume office the first Wednesday after the first Monday in January.[4]
Membership qualifications
Article 3, Section 7 of the New York Constitution states: No person shall serve as a member of the legislature unless he or she is a citizen of the United States and has been a resident of the state of New York for five years, and, except as hereinafter otherwise prescribed, of the assembly or senate district for the twelve months immediately preceding his or her election; if elected a senator or member of assembly at the first election next ensuing after a readjustment or alteration of the senate or assembly districts becomes effective, a person, to be eligible to serve as such, must have been a resident of the county in which the senate or assembly district is contained for the twelve months immediately preceding his or her election. No member of the legislature shall, during the time for which he or she was elected, receive any civil appointment from the governor, the governor and the senate, the legislature or from any city government, to an office which shall have been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time.
Historical party control
Between 1992 and 2018, partisan control of the New York State Assembly was held by Democrats. The table below shows the partisan history of the New York State Assembly following every general election from 1992 to 2018. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
New York State Assembly Party Control: 1992-2018
| Year | '92 | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '06 | '08 | '10 | '12 | '14 | '16 | '18 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrats | 101 | 94 | 96 | 98 | 99 | 102 | 104 | 108 | 109 | 99 | 105 | 106 | 106 | 106 |
| Republicans | 49 | 56 | 54 | 52 | 51 | 48 | 46 | 42 | 41 | 50 | 44 | 44 | 43 | 43 |
| Other | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
From 1992 to 2018, Democrats held consistent control of the New York State Assembly. Throughout the period, Democrats usually controlled between 94 and 109 seats, while Republicans controlled between 41 and 56 seats. Assembly Democrats won the 100 seats required for a two-thirds supermajority nine times between 1992 and 2018. The last time that Republicans held an outright majority was in 1974.[5]
Between 1992 and 2018, Democrats had their largest majority following the 2008 elections when they held a 68-seat advantage. Despite the national trend toward Republican state legislatures during the presidency of Barack Obama (D), the New York State Assembly was resistant to that trend. Assembly Democrats never fell below 99 seats during Obama's presidency. From 2009 to 2017, Democrats experienced significant losses in state legislative elections, totaling 968 seats all together.
Trifecta history
A state government trifecta is a term that describes single-party government, when one political party holds the governor's office and has majorities in both chambers of the legislature in a state government. Democrats in New York held a state government trifecta for two years between 1992 and 2017. The table below shows state government trifectas in New York from 1992 to 2019.
New York Party Control: 1992-2020
Four years of Democratic trifectas • No Republican trifectas
Elections
Elections by year
New York state assembly members serve two-year terms, with all seats up for election every two years. New York holds elections for its legislature in even years.
2020
- See also: New York State Assembly elections, 2020
Elections for the office of New York State Assembly took place in 2020. The general election was held on November 3, 2020. A primary was scheduled for June 23, 2020. The filing deadline was April 2, 2020.
2018
- See also: New York State Assembly elections, 2018
Elections for the New York State Assembly took place in 2018. The closed primary election took place on September 13, 2018, and the general election was held on November 6, 2018. The candidate filing deadline was July 12, 2018.[6]
In the 2018 elections, Democrats increased their majority in the New York State Assembly from 104-41 to 106-43.
| New York State Assembly | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 6, 2018 | After November 7, 2018 | |
| Democratic Party | 104 | 106 | |
| Republican Party | 41 | 43 | |
| Independent | 1 | 1 | |
| Vacancy | 4 | 0 | |
| Total | 150 | 150 | |
2016
- See also: New York State Assembly elections, 2016
Elections for the New York State Assembly took place in 2016. The primary election took place on September 13, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016. The filing deadline for major party candidates was July 14, 2016. The filing deadline for independent candidates was August 23, 2016. All 150 seats in the New York State Assembly were up for election in 2016.
Heading into the election, Democrats held a 105-42 majority with three vacancies. Democrats gained two seats in the election, giving them a 107-43 majority.
| New York State Assembly | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of November 7, 2016 | After November 8, 2016 | |
| Democratic Party | 105[7] | 107[8] | |
| Republican Party | 42 | 43 | |
| Vacancy | 3 | 0 | |
| Total | 150 | 150 | |
| Click [show] to see election information dating back to 2000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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2014
Elections for the New York State Assembly took place in 2014. A primary election took place on September 9, 2014. The general election took place on November 4, 2014. The signature filing deadline for candidates wishing to run in this election was July 10, 2014. Heading into the election, Democrats held a 99-40 majority with 11 vacancies. Democrats gained seven seats in the election, giving them a 106-44 majority.
2012
Elections for the office of New York State Assembly took place in 2012. The primary election was held on September 13, 2012, and the general election was held on November 6, 2012. The candidate filing deadline was July 12, 2012. All 150 seats were up for election. Heading into the election, Democrats held a 99-49 majority with one independence member and one vacancy. Democrats gained six seats in the election, giving them a 105-44 majority with one independence member.
During the 2012 election, the total value of contributions to the 399 Assembly candidates was $26,120,274. The top 10 contributors were:[9]
The following table details the 10 districts with the smallest margin of victory in the November 6 general election.
2010
Elections for the office of New York State Assembly took place in 2010. The primary election was held on September 14, 2010, and the general election was held on November 2, 2010. The candidate filing deadline was July 22, 2010. All 150 seats were up for election. Heading into the election, Democrats held a 105-42 majority with two independence members and one vacancy. Democrats lost six seats in the election, giving them a 99-50 majority with one independence member.
During the 2010 election, the total value of contributions to the 304 Assembly candidates was $22,899,004. The top 10 contributors were:[10]
2008
Elections for the office of the New York State Assembly consisted of a primary election on September 9, 2008, and a general election on November 4, 2008. All 150 seats were up for election. During the 2008 election, the total value of contributions to the 303 Assembly candidates was $22,621,875. The top 10 contributors were:[11]
2006
Elections for the office of the New York State Assembly consisted of a primary election on September 12, 2006, and a general election on November 7, 2006. All 150 seats were up for election. During the 2006 election, the total value of contributions to the 282 Assembly candidates was $22,190,222. The top 10 contributors were:[12]
2004
Elections for the office of the New York State Assembly consisted of a primary election on September 14, 2004, and a general election on November 2, 2004. All 150 seats were up for election. During the 2004 election, the total value of contributions to the 320 Assembly candidates was $22,795,363. The top 10 contributors were:[13]
2002
Elections for the office of the New York State Assembly consisted of a primary election on September 10, 2002, and a general election on November 5, 2002. All 150 seats were up for election. During the 2002 election, the total value of contributions to the 377 Assembly candidates was $24,474,447. The top 10 contributors were:[14]
2000
Elections for the office of the New York State Assembly consisted of a primary election on September 12, 2000, and a general election on November 7, 2000. All 150 seats were up for election. During the 2000 election, the total value of contributions to the 357 Assembly candidates was $16,922,067. The top 10 contributors were:[15]
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Vacancies
If there is a vacancy in the New York Legislature, a special election must be held to fill the vacant seat. A special election can be held as long as the vacancy occurred before April 1. If a special session is called in the state legislature after April 1, a special election may be called to fill the seat.[16] The person elected to fill the vacant seat serves for the remainder of the unexpired term.[17]
See sources: New York Public Officers Law § 42
District map
- See also: New York state legislative districts
The state of New York has 213 legislative districts. Each district elects one representative. The state Senate has 63 districts and the state House has 150 districts.
Use the interactive map below to find your district.
Redistricting
- See also: Redistricting in New York
In 37 states, legislatures are primarily responsible for drawing congressional district lines. Seven states have only one congressional district each, rendering congressional redistricting unnecessary. Four states employ independent commissions to draw the district maps. In two states, politician commissions draw congressional district lines.
State legislative district lines are primarily the province of the state legislatures themselves in 37 states. In seven states, politician commissions draw state legislative district lines. In the remaining six states, independent commissions draw the lines.[18]
On March 14, 2012, the state legislature approved a constitutional amendment to establish new redistricting procedures beginning in 2020. The New York Constitution requires that two successive legislatures approve an amendment in order to qualify it for final approval by popular vote. The legislature approved the amendment a second time in 2013. On November 4, 2014, voters approved the amendment, the provisions of which were set to take effect during the 2020 redistricting cycle.[19]
The 10-member commission comprises the following members:[19]
- Two members must be appointed by the temporary president of the New York State Senate.
- Two members must be appointed by the speaker of the New York State Assembly.
- Two members must be appointed by the minority leader of the New York State Senate.
- Two members must be appointed by the minority leader of the New York State Assembly.
- Two members must appointed by the aforementioned eight commissioners. These two appointees cannot have been enrolled in the top two major political parties in the state.
The legislature must approve the commission's plans by a simple up/down vote. The legislature must reject two separate sets of redistricting plans before it will be able to amend the commission's proposals. All districts will be required "to preserve minority rights, be equally populated, and consist of compact and contiguous territory." Further, state law will require that districts "not be drawn to discourage competition or to favor/disfavor candidates or parties." In prior redistricting cycles, authority for both congressional and state legislative redistricting was vested with the state legislature. An advisory commission participated in the process.[19]
State law requires that state legislative districts be contiguous and compact. State legislative districts must also take into account the "historic and traditional significance of counties."[19]
2020
Upon completion of the 2020 census, New York will draft and enact new district maps. As of October 1, 2018, redistricting authorities in New York had not released a projected timeline for the 2020 cycle.
2010
New York received its 2010 census data on March 23, 2011. The state's growth rate was at 2.19%, well below the national rate of 9.7%.[20] Redistricting became a major issue in the state prior to the November 2010 elections. Going into the elections, the organization NY Uprising asked all candidates to sign a pledge to support nonpartisan redistricting during the following legislative session. A majority of those who won in both chambers signed the pledge.[21] Additionally, Governor Andrew Cuomo consistently reiterated his pledge to veto any new maps that were not drawn through a nonpartisan process. Meanwhile, Republicans added more friction to the process in September 2011 when they were said to be considering adding a 63rd seat to the Senate. Democrats balked, saying it didn't make sense to add a seat in the chamber when slow population growth caused the state to lose seats in Congress.[22]
The two sides battled over the issue of redistricting during the entire 2011 session. Following a number of delays, LATFOR released proposed Senate and Assembly maps on January 26, 2012. The Senate plan included the additional 63rd seat. Gov. Cuomo threatened to veto the maps, but toned down his rhetoric.[23] On March 11, LATFOR filed a bill of their final plans, which closely resembled the maps they released two months earlier. Along with this, leaders offered a constitutional amendment that would set up a new bipartisan commission on redistricting following the next census in 2020.[24] Following a walkout of Senate Democrats, the bill passed. Later that week the constitutional amendment passed. However, in order to become law, it had to be passed by the next separately elected legislature and also approved by voters in a referendum.[25] With that approved, Cuomo stated, "It’s over once and for all"[26] and signed the maps into law.[27]
Sessions
Legislation
The legislation tracker below displays all legislation that the New York State Assembly has approved in its most recent legislative session—this includes legislation that has been sent from the Senate to the House and legislation that has already been approved by the House and signed by the governor after its passage in the Senate. Information on legislation provided below includes the bill number, its name, progress, most recent action date, and sponsor. The tracker is fully interactive. Scroll up and down and side to side to see more. Click the bill number to read its text in full and see its voting history. You can click the headings to sort the content in the column. You can also rearrange the order of the headings by clicking and dragging them. Finally, in the bottom-left corner of the tracker is a magnifying glass, which, when clicked, will allow you to search for specific terms. The legislation tracker is maintained and updated by BillTrack50. <html><iframe src="https://www.billtrack50.com/Public/Stakeholder/_WnK-pyQK0ObaaoY0ggZow/Embedded" width="100%" height ="600px" ></iframe>
Dates of legislative sessions in New York by year
2020
In 2020, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 8, 2020 and adjourn on December 31, 2020.
|
|---|
| Coronavirus pandemic |
| Select a topic from the dropdown below to learn more.
|
Several state legislatures had their sessions impacted as a result of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic.
2019
In 2019, the legislature was in session from January 9, 2019, through January 8, 2020.
2018
In 2018, the legislature was in session from January 3, 2018, through June 20, 2018. To read about notable events and legislation from this session, click here.
2017
- See also: Dates of 2017 state legislative sessions
In 2017, the legislature was in session from January 4, 2017, through December 31, 2017. The legislature held a special session from June 28, 2017, to June 29, 2017.
| Click [show] for past years' session dates. |
|---|
2016
In 2016, the legislature was in session from January 6 through June 18. Major issuesMajor issues during the 2016 legislative session included raising the minimum wage, funding public education, ethics reform, and proposals to allow Uber to expand to upstate New York.[28] 2015
In 2015, the legislature was in session from January 7 through June 25. Major issuesMajor issues during the 2015 legislative session included lifting the cap on charter schools, increasing the minimum wage, criminal justice reform, campaign financing, and ethics reform.[29][30] 2014
In 2014, the legislature was in session from January 8 through June 23. Major issuesMajor issues during the 2014 legislative session included a raise in the minimum wage, a cut in corporate tax rates, rebuilding airports and other infrastructure, legalizing medical marijuana, and property tax rebates.[31] 2013
In 2013, the legislature was in session from January 9 to December 31. Major issuesGun control topped the list to be addressed by legislators in 2013. Other major issues included raising the minimum wage, securing federal dollars for victims of Superstorm Sandy, education, job creation, legalizing casinos off of Native American lands, and restrictions to the New York City Police Department's stop-and-frisk procedures.[32] Gun control: Corruption: 2012
In 2012, the legislature was in session from January 4 through June 22. Major issuesRedistricting was an important issue in 2011 and had to be dealt with in 2012. Other issues included addressing a $3.5 billion budget gap and a proposal to ban hydrofracking.[36] 2011In 2011, the legislature was in session from January 5 to June 20.[37] 2010In 2010, the legislature convened its regular session on January 6. The Legislature remained in regular session throughout the year. Additionally, the Legislature was in an ongoing special session, which convened in 2009, dealing with issues of deficit reduction.[38] |
About legislative sessions in New York
The Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution declares that any power not already given to the federal government is reserved to the states and the people.[39] State governments across the country use this authority to hold legislative sessions where a state's elected representatives meet for a period of time to draft and vote on legislation and set state policies on issues such as taxation, education, and government spending. The different types of legislation passed by a legislature may include resolutions, legislatively referred constitutional amendments, and bills that become law.
Article III of the New York Constitution outlines the legislative power for New York's government. Article III does not limit when the New York State Legislature, which the Assembly is a part of, can convene in regular session. However, Section 18 of Article III does contain provisions related to special sessions of the Legislature. Section 18 states that a special session can be called by a petition of request from two-thirds of both legislative houses. Since the Legislature is in session all year, a member must gavel in a session every three days. If a member does not gavel in a session, then only the governor can call the Legislature back into session.[40]
Legislative roles and procedures
Every state legislature throughout the country features its own internal procedures that it uses to govern itself and how it interacts with other parts of state government. Ballotpedia's coverage of internal state legislative procedures includes veto overrides, the role of the legislature in the state budget, procedures for filling membership vacancies, and redistricting.
Veto overrides
- See also: Veto overrides in state legislatures
State legislatures can override governors' vetoes. Depending on the state, this can be done during the regular legislative session, in a special session following the adjournment of the regular session, or during the next legislative session. The rules for legislative overrides of gubernatorial vetoes in New York are listed below.
How many legislators are required to vote for an override? Two-thirds of members in both chambers.
| Two-thirds of members in both chambers must vote to override a veto, which is 100 of the 150 members in the New York State Assembly and 42 of the 63 members in the New York State Senate. New York is one of 36 states that requires a two-thirds vote from both of its legislative chambers to override a veto. |
Authority: Article IV, Section 7 of the New York Constitution.
| "Every bill which shall have passed the senate and assembly shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the governor; if the governor approve, he or she shall sign it; but if not, he or she shall return it with his or her objections to the house in which it shall have originated, which shall enter the objections at large on the journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after such reconsideration, two-thirds of the members elected to that house shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent together with the objections, to the other house, by which it shall likewise be reconsidered; and if approved by two-thirds of the members elected to that house, it shall become a law notwithstanding the objections of the governor." |
Role in state budget
- See also: New York state budget and finances
New York on 
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| |
New York operates on an annual budget cycle. The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows:[41][42]
- Budget instruction guidelines are sent to state agencies in July or August.
- State agencies submit budget requests in September.
- Agency hearings are held in October and November.
- The governor submits his or her proposed budget to the New York State Legislature on or before the second Tuesday following the first day of the annual meeting of the legislature, which typically falls in mid-January.
- The legislature adopts a budget in March. A simple majority is needed to pass a budget.
- The fiscal year begins in April.
New York is one of 44 states in which the governor has line item veto authority.[42]
The governor is constitutionally required to submit a balanced budget. In turn, the legislature is required by statute to pass a balanced budget.[42]
Committees
Every state legislature and state legislative chamber in the country contains several legislative committees. These committees are responsible for studying, amending, and voting on legislation before it reaches the floor of a chamber for a full vote. The different types of committees include standing committees, select or special, and joint.
- Standing committees are generally permanent committees, the names of which sometimes change from session to session.
- Select or special committees are temporary committees formed to deal with specific issues such as recent legislation, major public policy or proposals, or investigations.
- Joint committees are committees that feature members of both chambers of a legislature.
Ballotpedia covers standing and joint committees. The New York State Assembly has 37 standing committees:
- Aging
- Agriculture
- Alcoholism and Drug Abuse
- Banks
- Children and Families
- Cities
- Codes
- Consumer Affairs and Protection
- Corporations, Authorities and Commissions
- Correction
- Economic Development, Job Creation, Commerce and Industry
- Education
- Election Law
- Energy
- Environmental Conservation
- Ethics and Guidance
- Governmental Employees
- Governmental Operations
- Health
- Higher Education
- Housing
- Insurance
- Judiciary
- Labor
- Libraries and Education Technology
- Local Governments
- Mental Health
- Oversight, Analysis and Investigation
- Racing and Wagering
- Real Property Taxation
- Rules
- Small Business
- Social Services
- Tourism, Parks, Arts and Sports Development
- Transportation
- Veterans' Affairs
- Ways and Means
Constitutional amendments
In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.
The methods in which the New York Constitution can be amended:
| New York Constitution |
|---|
|
| Preamble |
| Articles |
| I • II • III • IV • V • VI • VII • VIII • IX • X • XI • XII • XIII • XIV • XV • XVI • XVII • XVIII • XIX • XX |
The New York Constitution can be amended through legislatively referred constitutional amendments or through constitutional conventions.
- According to Section 1 of Article XIX, the New York State Legislature has the power to propose amendments to the constitution as follows:
- Any proposed amendments must be referred to the New York attorney general, who is required to provide a written opinion as to how the proposed amendment fits in with other provisions of the constitution.
- If both chambers of the legislature—the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly—agree with the proposed amendment by a simple majority vote, the proposed amendment is then referred to "the next regular legislative session convening after the succeeding general election of members of the assembly."
- If that next session of the legislature agrees with the amendment by a simple majority vote of both chambers, "it shall be the duty of the legislature to submit each proposed amendment or amendments to the people for approval in such manner and at such times as the legislature shall prescribe."
- If a general statewide vote approves the amendment by a simple majority vote, it becomes a part of the constitution beginning in January of the following year.[43]
- The New York Constitution can also be amended through the constitutional convention process.
- According to Section 2 of Article XIX, a question as to whether there shall be a convention is to appear on the statewide ballot every 20 years beginning in 1957.
- The New York State Legislature can also refer a question to the ballot about whether to hold a convention.
- The New York Constitution is the only state constitution that describes the constitutional convention process that specifically says what to do should a delegate to the convention die while the convention is still ongoing.
2020 measures:
Below is a list of measures that were referred to the 2020 ballot by the legislature.
- See also: New York 2020 ballot measures
Certified:
- The following measures were certified for the ballot.
No measures to list
See also
| Elections | New York State Government | State Legislatures | State Politics |
|---|---|---|---|
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Footnotes
- ↑ New York State Assembly Rules, "Rule 1: Speaker," accessed February 11, 2014
- ↑ New York Assembly, "Leadership," accessed February 11, 2014
- ↑ New York Department of State, "New York Constitution," accessed November 22, 2016
- ↑ NY Times, "State Assembly's Democrats Try to Dominate, as Republicans Try to Survive," August 22, 1982
- ↑ New York Board of Elections, "2018 Political Calendar," accessed December 22, 2017
- ↑ Independence member caucuses with Democrats and was included in the count.
- ↑ Independence member caucuses with Democrats and was included in the count.
- ↑ Follow the Money, "New York State Assembly 2012 Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
- ↑ Follow the Money, "New York State Assembly 2010 Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
- ↑ Follow the Money, "New York State Assembly 2008 Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
- ↑ Follow the Money, "New York State Assembly 2006 Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
- ↑ Follow the Money, "New York State Assembly 2004 Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
- ↑ Follow the Money, "New York State Assembly 2002 Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
- ↑ Follow the Money, "New York State Assembly 2000 Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
- ↑ FindLaw, "New York Consolidated Laws, Public Officers Law - PBO § 42. Filling vacancies in elective offices," accessed May 22, 2014 (Statute § 42 (4))
- ↑ FindLaw, "New York Consolidated Laws, Public Officers Law - PBO § 38. Terms of officers chosen to fill vacancies," accessed May 22, 2014 (Statute § 38)
- ↑ All About Redistricting, "Who draws the lines?" accessed March 25, 2015
- ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 All About Redistricting, "New York," accessed May 8, 2015
- ↑ Wall Street Journal, "New York State Loses 2 Seats in House," accessed December 22, 2010
- ↑ Auburn Pub, "Koch expects legislators to deliver on pledge," January 2, 2011
- ↑ New York Daily News, "State Senate Republicans mull adding extra seat to 62-member body," September 19, 2011
- ↑ New York Daily News, "Gov. Andrew Cuomo vows to veto Republicans' redistricting plan," January 26, 2012
- ↑ Syracuse.com, "New York releases its final redistricting maps for state Senate and Assembly districts," March 12, 2012
- ↑ Reuters, "New York lawmakers approve redistricting amendment," March 15, 2012
- ↑ Capital New York, "Cuomo says redistricting is fixed, and on transparency: 'You can't live your life in a goldfish bowl'," March 15, 2012
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedcong_approved - ↑ Ledger-Enquirer, "Wages, ethics, schools top issues facing NY lawmakers in '16," accessed January 6, 2016
- ↑ wamc.org, "Another NYS Legislative Session Underway... Lawmakers Ready To Tackle Issues," accessed January 21, 2014
- ↑ Vermont Public Radio, "New York Lawmakers Face Major Issues In 2015," accessed January 21, 2014
- ↑ Epoch Times, "After speech, Cuomo looks to get agenda approved," January 9, 2014
- ↑ Spokesman Review, "NY legislative leaders buckle down on gun controls," January 9, 2013
- ↑ Yahoo News, "NY seals 1st state gun laws since Newtown massacre," January 15, 2013
- ↑ uticaod.com, "Cuomo creates panel to investigate Legislature," July 2, 2013
- ↑ Moreland Commission, "Moreland Commission to Investigate Public Corruption Releases Report," December 2, 2013
- ↑ Poughkeepsie Journal, "Divisive issues to test Cuomo's popularity in 2nd year," January 9, 2012
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2011 Legislative Sessions Calendar," accessed June 6, 2014(Archived)
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2010 Legislative Sessions Calendar," accessed June 19, 2014(Archived)
- ↑ Find Law, "Tenth Amendment - U.S. Constitution," accessed May 20, 2017
- ↑ WXXI, "State Assembly is always in session," August 10, 2017
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "State Experiences with Annual and Biennial Budgeting," updated April 2011
- ↑ 42.0 42.1 42.2 National Association of State Budget Officers, "Budget Processes in the States, Summer 2008," accessed February 21, 2014
- ↑ New York Senate, "Constitution of New York State," accessed June 19, 2014
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