California State Assembly

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California State Assembly
SLP-Infobox Image-Color.png
General Information
Party control:   Democrat
Session start:[1]   December 7, 2020
Session end:[1]   September 10, 2021
Term length:   2 years
Term limits:   12 years[2][3]
Redistricting:  Commission
Salary:   $114,877/year + per diem
Members
Total:  80
Democrats:  58
Republicans:  19
Other:  1
Vacancies:  2
Leadership
Speaker:   Anthony Rendon (D)
Maj. Leader:   Eloise Gomez Reyes (D)
Min. Leader:   Marie Waldron (R)
Elections
Last election:  November 3, 2020
Next election:  November 8, 2022

The California State Assembly is the lower chamber of the California State Legislature. Alongside the California State Senate, it forms the legislative branch of the California state government and works alongside the governor of California to create laws and establish a state budget. Legislative authority and responsibilities of the California State Assembly include passing bills on public policy matters, setting levels for state spending, raising and lowering taxes, and voting to uphold or override gubernatorial vetoes.

The California State Assembly meets in the state capitol building in Sacramento, California.

  • All 80 Assembly seats were up for election in 2020. The chamber's Democratic supermajority remained 60-19 (with one independent). Click to read more »
  • California has a Democratic state government trifecta. A trifecta exists when one political party simultaneously holds the governor’s office and majorities in both state legislative chambers. As of March 28, 2021, there are 23 Republican trifectas, 15 Democratic trifectas, and 12 divided governments where neither party holds trifecta control. In the 2020 election, Republicans had a net gain of two trifectas and two states under divided government became trifectas. Prior to that election, California had a Democratic trifecta. There were 21 Republican trifectas, 15 Democratic trifectas, and 14 divided governments.
  • This page contains the following information on the California State Assembly.

    Party control

    Current partisan control

    The table below shows the partisan breakdown of the California State Assembly as of March 2021:

    Party As of March 2021
         Democratic Party 58
         Republican Party 19
         Independent 1
         Vacancies 2
    Total 80

    Members

    Leadership

    The speaker of the Assembly presides over the Assembly in the chief leadership position, controlling the flow of legislation and committee assignments. The speaker is elected by the majority party caucus, followed by confirmation of the full Assembly on passage of a floor vote. Other Assembly leaders, such as the majority and minority leaders, are elected by their respective party caucuses according to each party's strength in the chamber.[4]

    Current leadership and members


    Office Name Party Date assumed office
    California State Assembly District 1 Megan Dahle Republican November 12, 2019
    California State Assembly District 10 Marc Levine Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 11 Jim Frazier Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 12 Heath Flora Republican 2016
    California State Assembly District 13 Carlos Villapudua Democratic December 7, 2020
    California State Assembly District 14 Tim Grayson Democratic 2016
    California State Assembly District 15 Buffy Wicks Democratic December 3, 2018
    California State Assembly District 16 Rebecca Bauer-Kahan Democratic 2018
    California State Assembly District 17 David Chiu Democratic December 1, 2014
    California State Assembly District 18 Rob Bonta Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 19 Phil Ting Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 2 Jim Wood Democratic December 1, 2014
    California State Assembly District 20 Bill Quirk Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 21 Adam Gray Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 22 Kevin Mullin Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 23 Jim Patterson Republican December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 24 Marc Berman Democratic 2016
    California State Assembly District 25 Alex Lee Democratic December 7, 2020
    California State Assembly District 26 Devon Mathis Republican December 1, 2014
    California State Assembly District 27 Ash Kalra Democratic 2016
    California State Assembly District 28 Evan Low Democratic December 1, 2014
    California State Assembly District 29 Mark Stone Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 3 James Gallagher Republican December 1, 2014
    California State Assembly District 30 Robert Rivas Democratic December 3, 2018
    California State Assembly District 31 Joaquin Arambula Democratic April 14, 2016
    California State Assembly District 32 Rudy Salas Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 33 Thurston Smith Republican December 7, 2020
    California State Assembly District 34 Vince Fong Republican 2016
    California State Assembly District 35 Jordan Cunningham Republican 2016
    California State Assembly District 36 Tom Lackey Republican December 1, 2014
    California State Assembly District 37 Steve Bennett Democratic December 7, 2020
    California State Assembly District 38 Suzette Martinez Valladares Republican December 7, 2020
    California State Assembly District 39 Luz Maria Rivas Democratic June 11, 2018
    California State Assembly District 4 Cecilia Aguiar-Curry Democratic 2016
    California State Assembly District 40 James Ramos Democratic December 3, 2018
    California State Assembly District 41 Chris Holden Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 42 Chad Mayes Independent December 1, 2014
    California State Assembly District 43 Laura Friedman Democratic 2016
    California State Assembly District 44 Jacqui Irwin Democratic December 1, 2014
    California State Assembly District 45 Jesse Gabriel Democratic June 11, 2018
    California State Assembly District 46 Adrin Nazarian Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 47 Eloise Gomez Reyes Democratic 2016
    California State Assembly District 48 Blanca Rubio Democratic 2016
    California State Assembly District 49 Edwin Chau Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 5 Frank Bigelow Republican December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 50 Richard Bloom Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 51 Wendy Carrillo Democratic December 16, 2017
    California State Assembly District 52 Freddie Rodriguez Democratic October 11, 2013
    California State Assembly District 53 Miguel Santiago Democratic December 1, 2014
    California State Assembly District 54 Vacant
    California State Assembly District 55 Phillip Chen Republican 2016
    California State Assembly District 56 Eduardo Garcia Democratic December 1, 2014
    California State Assembly District 57 Lisa Calderon Democratic December 7, 2020
    California State Assembly District 58 Cristina Garcia Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 59 Reginald Jones-Sawyer Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 6 Kevin Kiley Republican 2016
    California State Assembly District 60 Sabrina Cervantes Democratic 2016
    California State Assembly District 61 Jose Medina Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 62 Autumn Burke Democratic December 1, 2014
    California State Assembly District 63 Anthony Rendon Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 64 Mike Gipson Democratic December 1, 2014
    California State Assembly District 65 Sharon Quirk-Silva Democratic 2016
    California State Assembly District 66 Al Muratsuchi Democratic 2016
    California State Assembly District 67 Kelly Seyarto Republican December 7, 2020
    California State Assembly District 68 Steven S. Choi Republican 2016
    California State Assembly District 69 Tom Daly Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 7 Kevin McCarty Democratic December 1, 2014
    California State Assembly District 70 Patrick O'Donnell Democratic December 1, 2014
    California State Assembly District 71 Randy Voepel Republican 2016
    California State Assembly District 72 Janet Nguyen Republican December 7, 2020
    California State Assembly District 73 Laurie Davies Republican December 7, 2020
    California State Assembly District 74 Cottie Petrie-Norris Democratic December 3, 2018
    California State Assembly District 75 Marie Waldron Republican December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 76 Tasha Boerner Horvath Democratic December 3, 2018
    California State Assembly District 77 Brian Maienschein Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 78 Christopher Ward Democratic December 7, 2020
    California State Assembly District 79 Vacant
    California State Assembly District 8 Ken Cooley Democratic December 3, 2012
    California State Assembly District 80 Lorena Gonzalez Fletcher Democratic May 28, 2013
    California State Assembly District 9 Jim Cooper Democratic December 1, 2014


    Salaries

    See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
    State legislators
    SalaryPer diem
    $114,877/year$206/day

    Swearing in dates

    See also: When state legislators assume office after a general election

    California legislators assume office the first Monday in the December following their election.

    Membership qualifications

    See also: State legislature candidate requirements by state

    According to Article IV of the California Constitution, a candidate for the Assembly must be:

    • a citizen of the U.S.;
    • a state resident for at least three years;
    • a resident of his or her legislative district for at least one year; and
    • a registered voter in that district by the time nomination papers are filed.[5]

    Historical party control

    From 1992 to 2020, the California Assembly stayed reliably blue, with Democrats ceding the majority just once as a consequence of the 1994 election. The heavy Democratic tilt in those years was in line with the chamber's history going back to the 1960s, where Democrats first established their majority that mostly stayed intact afterward. The table below shows the partisan history of the California Assembly following every general election from 1992 to 2020. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.

    California State Assembly Party Control: 1992-2020

    Year '92 '94 '96 '98 '00 '02 '04 '06 '08 '10 '12 '14 '16 '18 '20
    Democrats 48 39 44 48 50 48 48 48 51 52 56 52 55 60 60
    Republicans 32 40* 36 32 30 32 32 32 29 28 24 28 25 20 19
    Independents 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
    *Although Republicans won a 40-39 majority, defections from their caucus led to alternating control of the chamber between Republicans and a Democratic-led coalition.

    Republicans controlled the Assembly from 1942 to 1956. But in 1958 there began an almost unbroken period of Democratic control through 2020. Before 1994, the only election where Republicans won a majority was 1968, the same year that Republican Richard Nixon became the first native Californian to be elected president. Republicans next won a 40-39 numerical majority in 1994, an election where Republicans also took control of the U.S. House after decades of Democratic control. However, Republicans did not maintain control of the chamber after the 1994 elections. Defections from their majority gave a Democratic-led coalition control of the chamber until January 1996.

    Democrats retook a 44-36 majority in the 1996 elections. Between then and 2020, they increased their majority into the 40s and 50s, reaching 60 seats in 2018 and maintaining them following the 2020 election. In 2010, Democrats won a 52-38 majority despite national Republican gains. In 2012, they won 56 seats, which was two more than needed for a two-thirds majority. This is the margin needed to raise taxes, certify constitutional amendments for the ballot, and override gubernatorial vetoes. Democrats briefly lost their two-thirds majority in 2014 when they won 52 seats. They won it back in 2016 by gaining a 55-25 edge over Republicans.

    Trifecta history

    A state government trifecta is a term that describes single party government, when one political party holds the governor's office and has majorities in both chambers of the legislature in a state government. Between 1992 and 2021, California was under the following types of trifecta control:

    • Democratic trifecta: 1999-2003, 2011-2021
    • Republican trifecta: None
    • Divided government: 1992-1998, 2004-2010

    California Party Control: 1992-2021
    Sixteen years of Democratic trifectas  •  No Republican trifectas
    Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

    Year 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
    Governor R R R R R R R D D D D D R R R R R R R D D D D D D D D D D D
    Senate D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
    Assembly D D D S R D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D

    Elections

    Elections by year

    California state assembly members serve two-year terms, with all seats up for election every two years. California holds elections for its legislature in even years.

    2022

    See also: California State Assembly elections, 2022

    Elections for the California State Assembly will take place in 2022. The general election is on November 8, 2022.

    2020

    See also: California State Assembly elections, 2020

    Elections for the office of California State Assembly took place in 2020. The general election was held on November 3, 2020. A primary was scheduled for March 3, 2020. The filing deadline was December 6, 2019.

    In the 2020 elections, Democrats held their majority in the California State Assembly from 61-17 to 60-19.

    California State Assembly
    Party As of November 3, 2020 After November 4, 2020
         Democratic Party 61 60
         Republican Party 17 19
         Independent 1 1
         Vacancy 1 0
    Total 80 80

    2018

    See also: California State Assembly elections, 2018

    Elections for the California State Assembly took place in 2018. A top-two primary election took place on June 5, 2018, and the general election was held on November 6, 2018. The candidate filing deadline was March 9, 2018. The filing deadline for write-in candidates was May 22, 2018.[6]

    In the 2018 elections, Democrats increased their majority in the California State Assembly from 55-25 to 60-20.

    California State Assembly
    Party As of November 6, 2018 After November 7, 2018
         Democratic Party 55 60
         Republican Party 25 20
    Total 80 80

    2016

    See also: California State Assembly elections, 2016

    Elections for the California State Assembly took place in 2016. The primary election was held on June 7, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016. The candidate filing deadline was February 25, 2016, for candidates filing with signatures. The deadline for candidates using a filing fee to qualify was March 11, 2016.[7] All 80 Assembly seats were up for election in 2016.

    Heading into the election, Democrats held a 52-28 majority. Democrats gained three seats in the election, giving them a 55-25 majority.

    California State Assembly
    Party As of November 7, 2016 After November 8, 2016
         Democratic Party 52 55
         Republican Party 28 25
    Total 80 80

    Term limits

    See also: State legislatures with term limits

    Since the passage of Prop 28 in 2012, legislators first elected on or after November 6, 2012, are limited to a maximum of 12 years of service. Prop 140, passed in 1990, affects any members elected prior to November 6, 2012, limiting them to a maximum of three two-year terms (six years total).[14]

    Vacancies

    See also: How vacancies are filled in state legislatures

    If there is a vacancy in the California State Legislature, the governor must call for a special election. The election must be called by the governor within 14 days of the vacancy. No special election can be held if the vacancy happens in an election year and the nominating deadline passes.[15]

    DocumentIcon.jpg See sources: California Elec. Code, § 10700 and California Cons. Art. IV, § 2

    District map

    See also: California state legislative districts

    The state of California has 80 state Assembly districts. Each district elects one assembly member.

    Use the interactive map below to find your district.

    Redistricting

    See also: Redistricting in California

    In California, a non-politician commission draws both congressional and state legislative district lines. Established in 2008 by ballot initiative, the commission comprises 14 members: five Democrats, five Republicans, and four belonging to neither party. A panel of state auditors selects the pool of nominees from which the commissioners are appointed. This pool comprises 20 Democrats, 20 Republicans, and 20 belonging to neither party. The majority and minority leaders of both chambers of the state legislature may each remove two members from each of the aforementioned groups. The first eight commission members are selected at random from the remaining nominees. These first eight comprise three Democrats, three Republicans, and two belonging to neither party. The first eight commissioners appoint the remaining six, which must include two Democrats, two Republicans, and two belonging to neither party.[16]

    Commissioners must meet the following requirements in order to serve:[16]

    1. Members must have voted in at least two of the last three statewide elections.
    2. Members cannot have switched party affiliation for at least five years.
    3. "Neither commissioners nor immediate family may have been, within 10 years of appointment, a candidate for federal or state office or member of a party central committee; an officer, employee, or paid consultant to a federal or state candidate or party; a registered lobbyist or paid legislative staff; or a donor of more than $2,000 to an elected candidate."
    4. Members cannot be "staff, consultants or contractors for state or federal government" while serving as commissioners. The same prohibition applies to the family of commission members.

    In order to approve a redistricting plan, nine of the commission's 14 members must vote for it. These nine must include three Democrats, three Republicans, and three belonging to neither party. Maps drawn by the commission may be overturned by public referendum. In the event that a map is overturned by the public, the California Supreme Court must appoint a group to draw a new map.[16]

    The California Constitution requires that districts be contiguous. Further, the state constitution mandates that "to the extent possible, [districts] must ... preserve the geographic integrity of cities, counties, neighborhoods and communities of interest." Districts must also "encourage compactness." State Senate and Assembly districts should be nested within each other where possible.[16]

    2020

    See also: Redistricting in California after the 2020 census

    Upon completion of the 2020 census, California will draft and enact new district maps. On July 17, 2020, the California Supreme Court ordered that the constitutional and statutory deadlines for congressional, state legislative, and Board of Equalization redistricting be extended by at least four months to account for anticipated delays in receiving data from the U.S. Census Bureau as a result of the 2020 COVID-19 outbreak. The court directed the California Citizens Redistricting Commission to release draft district plans by November 1, 2021, and final district plans by December 15, 2021. The original deadlines were July 1, 2021, and August 15, 2021, respectively. The court provided for further extensions if the federal government did not transmit the necessary data by July 31, 2021. The court was unanimous in its decision, which can be accessed here.[17][18]

    Sessions

    Legislation

    The legislation tracker below displays all legislation that the California State Assembly has approved in its most recent legislative session—this includes legislation that has been sent from the Assembly to the Senate and legislation that has already been approved by both chambers and signed by the governor. The table below includes the bill number, its name, progress, most recent action date, and sponsor. Scroll up and down and side to side to see more. Click the bill number to read the bill text and see its voting history. Click the headings to sort the content. Rearrange the order of the headings by clicking and dragging them. Click the magnifying glass in the bottom left corner to search for specific terms. The legislation tracker is maintained and updated by BillTrack50.

    Dates of legislative sessions in California by year

    2021

    See also: 2021 California legislative session and Dates of 2021 state legislative sessions

    In 2021, the legislature was scheduled to convene on December 7, 2020, and adjourn on September 10, 2021.


    2020

    See also: 2020 California legislative session and Dates of 2020 state legislative sessions

    In 2020, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 6, 2020, and adjourn on August 31, 2020.

    Effect of coronavirus pandemic

    See also: Changes to state legislative session dates in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, 2020
    Covid vnt.png
    Coronavirus pandemic
    Select a topic from the dropdown below to learn more.


    Several state legislatures had their sessions impacted as a result of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic. The California State Legislature suspended its session, effective March 16, 2020, through May 4, 2020. The suspension had originally been scheduled to last through April 13, 2020. The legislature adjourned on August 31, 2020.[19][20]

    2019

    See also: 2019 California legislative session and Dates of 2019 state legislative sessions

    In 2019, the legislature was in session from January 7, 2019, through September 13, 2019.

    2018

    See also: 2018 California legislative session and Dates of 2018 state legislative sessions

    In 2018, the legislature was in session from January 3, 2018, through August 31, 2018. To read about notable events and legislation from this session, click here.

    2018

    See also: 2018 California legislative session and Dates of 2018 state legislative sessions

    In 2018, the legislature was in session from January 3, 2018, through August 31, 2018. To read about notable events and legislation from this session, click here.

    In 2017, the legislature was in session from December 5, 2016, through September 15, 2017.


    About legislative sessions in California

    The Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution declares that any power not already given to the federal government is reserved to the states and the people.[28] State governments across the country use this authority to hold legislative sessions where a state's elected representatives meet for a period of time to draft and vote on legislation and set state policies on issues such as taxation, education, and government spending. The different types of legislation passed by a legislature may include resolutions, legislatively referred constitutional amendments, and bills that become law.

    Article IV of the California Constitution establishes when the California State Legislature—of which the Assembly is a part—is to be in session. Section 3 of Article IV states that the legislature is to meet in regular session on the first Monday of December in each even-numbered year to organize. The legislature adjourns by November 30 of the following even-numbered year.

    Section 3 also gives the governor of California the power to call special sessions of the legislature.

    Legislative roles and procedures

    Every state legislature throughout the country features its own internal procedures that it uses to govern itself and how it interacts with other parts of state government. Ballotpedia's coverage of internal state legislative procedures includes veto overrides, the role of the legislature in the state budget, term limits, and procedures for filling membership vacancies.

    Veto overrides

    Veto Override Graphic-Democratic Party.png

    See also: Veto overrides in state legislatures

    State legislatures can override governors' vetoes. Depending on the state, this can be done during the regular legislative session, in a special session following the adjournment of the regular session, or during the next legislative session. The rules for legislative overrides of gubernatorial vetoes in California are listed below.

    How many legislators are required to vote for an override? Two-thirds of members in both chambers.

    Two-thirds of members in both chambers must vote to override a veto, which is 54 of the 80 members in the California State Assembly and 27 of the 40 members in the California State Senate. California is one of 36 states that requires a two-thirds vote from both of its legislative chambers to override a veto.

    Are there other special rules?

    The California Legislature has 60 days to override a veto after it has been returned by the governor.[29]

    Authority: Article IV, Section 10 of the California Constitution.

    "Each bill passed by the Legislature shall be presented to the Governor. It becomes a statute if it is signed by the Governor. The Governor may veto it by returning it with any objections to the house of origin, which shall enter the objections in the journal and proceed to reconsider it. If each house then passes the bill by rollcall vote entered in the journal, two-thirds of the membership concurring, it becomes a statute."

    Role in state budget

    See also: California state budget and finances
    California on Public Policy Logo-one line-on Ballotpedia.png
    Check out Ballotpedia articles about policy in your state on:
    BudgetsCivil libertiesEducationElectionsEnergyEnvironmentHealthcarePensions

    The state operates on an annual budget cycle. The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows:[30]

    1. Budget instructions are sent to state agencies beginning in April.
    2. Agencies submit their budget requests to the governor in September.
    3. Agency hearings are held from September through November.
    4. The governor submits his or her proposed budget to the state legislature in January.
    5. The legislature adopts a budget in June. A majority is required to pass a budget. The fiscal year begins July 1.


    California is one of 44 states in which the governor has line item veto authority.[30]

    The governor is required to submit a balanced budget to the legislature. In turn, the legislature is required to adopt a balanced budget.[30]

    Committees

    See also: List of committees in California state government

    Every state legislature and state legislative chamber in the country contains several legislative committees. These committees are responsible for studying, amending, and voting on legislation before it reaches the floor of a chamber for a full vote. The different types of committees include standing committees, select or special, and joint.

    • Standing committees are generally permanent committees, the names of which sometimes change from session to session.
    • Select or special committees are temporary committees formed to deal with specific issues such as recent legislation, major public policy or proposals, or investigations.
    • Joint committees are committees that feature members of both chambers of a legislature.

    Ballotpedia covers standing and joint committees. The California State Assembly has 32 standing committees:

    Constitutional amendments

    In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.

    The methods in which the California Constitution can be amended:

    See also: Article II and Article XVIII of the California Constitution and Laws governing ballot measures in California

    The California Constitution can be amended in these ways:

    • Two-thirds of the membership of each chamber of the California State Legislature must propose an amendment, which then goes on a statewide ballot to be ratified or rejected by the state's voters.
    • The state legislature is allowed to propose revisions (not just amendments) to the constitution.
    • If measures conflict, and they both get more than 50 percent of the vote, the one with the highest number of votes prevails.
    • Ratified amendments take effect the day after the election.



    2021 measures:

    Below is a list of measures that were referred to the 2021 ballot by the legislature or that have made it approximately halfway through the process in the legislature for referral to the ballot in 2021.

    See also: 2021 ballot measures

    Certified:

    The following measures have been certified for the ballot.

    No measures to list


    Potential:

    The following measures have made it through one chamber—or one session for two session states—and may appear on the ballot in 2021.

    No measures to list

    See also

    Elections California State Government State Legislatures State Politics
    Ballotpedia Elections Badge-VOTE-no shadow-Square.jpg
    California State Flag-Close Up.jpg
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    State Courts-Tile image.png

    Footnotes

    1. 1.0 1.1 This date reflects the regularly-scheduled date and does not reflect any change made as a result of the coronavirus pandemic. For more information on changes to state legislative sessions as a result of the coronavirus pandemic, click here.
    2. According to the Chief Clerk of the California State Assembly, "Assembly Members who were first elected to the State Legislature on or after the passage of Proposition 28 may serve 12 years in the Assembly, or a combination of service in the Assembly and Senate as long as the combined terms do not exceed 12 years. However, Members elected to the State Assembly prior to the passage of Proposition 28 may serve a maximum of three two-year terms established by the passage of Proposition 140, in 1990."
    3. California State Assembly Office of the Chief Clerk, "Elected Officials," accessed January 22, 2019
    4. California State Assembly, "Glossary of Legislative Terms," accessed February 9, 2021
    5. California Legislature, "Qualifications for State Legislature," accessed February 9, 2021
    6. California Secretary of State, "Key Dates and Deadlines," accessed June 19, 2017
    7. California Secretary of State, "Key Dates and Deadlines," accessed April 18, 2017
    8. Follow the Money, "California Assembly 2010 Campaign Contributions," accessed April 21, 2015
    9. Follow the Money, "California 2008 Candidates," accessed June 18, 2013
    10. Follow the Money, "California 2006 Candidates," accessed June 18, 2013
    11. Follow the Money, "California 2004 Candidates," accessed June 18, 2013
    12. Follow the Money, "California 2002 Candidates," accessed June 18, 2013
    13. Follow the Money, "California 2000 Candidates," accessed June 18, 2013
    14. California Legislative Information, "Article IV Legislative (Sec. 1 - Sec. 28)," accessed February 9, 2021
    15. California Legislative Information, "California Code," accessed February 9, 2021 (Statute, 1773-California Government Code)
    16. 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 All About Redistricting, "California," accessed April 21, 2015
    17. Supreme Court of California, "Legislature of the State of California v. Padilla: Opinion," July 17, 2020
    18. At the Lectern: Practicing Before the California Supreme Court, "Supreme Court orders redistricting delay," July 17, 2020
    19. The Los Angeles Times, "California lawmakers approve $1 billion in funding and legislative hiatus due to coronavirus," March 16, 2020
    20. Politico, "California Legislature plans May 4 return as coronavirus disrupts public life," April 3, 2020
    21. The Sacramento Bee, "Key issues for returning California Legislature," January 5, 2015
    22. acwa.com, "2014 Legislative Year Begins in Sacramento," January 6, 2014
    23. San Francisco Chronicle, "Calif. Democrats ponder their new power," December 2, 2012
    24. ncsl.org, "2011 Legislative Sessions Calendar," accessed April 21, 2015
    25. ncsl.org, "Session dates for California legislature, 2010," accessed April 21, 2015
    26. Office of the Governor, "Gov. Schwarzenegger Declares State of Emergency, Issues Executive Order to Impose Furloughs Due to Cash Crisis Caused By Budget Impasse," accessed August 24, 2010
    27. Office of the Governor, "Executive Order S-12-10," accessed August 24, 2010
    28. Find Law, "Tenth Amendment - U.S. Constitution," accessed May 20, 2017
    29. calafco.org, "Legislative Procedure," accessed July 3, 2017
    30. 30.0 30.1 30.2 National Association of State Budget Officers, "Budget Processes in the States, Spring 2015," accessed February 5, 2021