Chicago Public Schools, Illinois, elections (2024)
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Thirty-five candidates ran in the November 5, 2024, general election for 10 seats on the Chicago Public Schools school board (CPS) in Illinois. This was the first year Chicago residents voted for board members to oversee CPS. According to the Chicago Sun-Times' Nader Issa and Sarah Karp, "After a set of campaigns largely defined by opposing progressive and more conservative education movements, mixed election results Tuesday night gave neither the Chicago Teachers Union [CTU] nor charter school advocates a major cause for celebration in the city’s first-ever school board elections.”[1]
Overall, CTU-backed candidates—Jennifer Custer, Ebony DeBerry, Aaron Brown, and Yesenia Lopez—won four of the 10 seats. Candidates backed by the Illinois Network of Charter Schools and/or The Urban Center—Carlos Rivas Jr., Ellen Rosenfeld, and Angel Gutierrez—won three. The winners in District 6, 9, and 10—Jessica Biggs, Therese Boyle, and Che Smith, respectively—were not endorsed by any of the four organizations.
To view all results, click here.
Since 1995, Chicago's mayor appointed all seven board members.[2] In 2021, Gov. J.B. Pritzker (D) signed legislation that expanded the board from seven to 21 members beginning in January 2025.[3] Voters selected 10 new members on November 5, and the mayor was required to appoint the other 11 members under the legislation. The board was scheduled to become fully elected in 2027.[4]
According to Crain's Chicago Business' Judith Crown, "The election has become a referendum on the vision advocated by Mayor Brandon Johnson and the CTU [Chicago Teachers Union], which includes borrowing funds for a new teachers contract, limiting school choice and moving away from traditional metrics and rankings."[5] Johnson, who was a teacher with CPS and an organizer with the CTU, was elected in 2023. The CTU endorsed Johnson in the mayoral race.[6] Johnson appointed six new members to the board on July 5, 2023.[7]
How much of a priority charter, magnet, and elective enrollment schools have was a central issue in the election. In October 2023, the school board passed a resolution that called for transitioning "away from privatization and admissions/enrollment policies and approaches that further stratification and inequity in CPS and drive student enrollment away from neighborhood schools."[8][9] At the time of the election, all Chicago students were assigned a neighborhood school based on their ZIP code, but they were also able to apply to charter, magnet, or selective enrollment schools.[10][11] During the 2022-23 school year, about 56% of CPS students attended neighborhood schools.[12]
Proponents of placing more emphasis on neighborhood schools said those schools disproportionately serve the most disadvantaged students, who require greater resources to educate.[13] Proponents of alternatives to neighborhood schools argued that more choices allow families to find the right education for their children.[14]
The CTU and the Illinois Network of Charter Schools (INCS), an organization that advocates for charter schools, backed competing candidates who took different stances on the role of choice in the system. The CTU endorsed candidates in all 10 districts.[15] The INCS paid for digital ads and direct mail in support of seven candidates.[16] CTU Vice President Jackson Potter said, “You really have to de-emphasize choice in some way to really make the neighborhood schools rise.”[17] INCS Executive Director Andrew Broy said, “The question is do these candidates running for school board support the concept that parents should have a choice of where to send their kids to school.”[16]
The Save Our Schools Coalition, of which CTU was a member, also endorsed the 10 candidates CTU endorsed.[18] The CPS's former CEO, Paul Vallas, endorsed candidates who generally supported charter schools through the group he co-founded, Urban Center Action.[19] Vallas was also a candidate in the 2023 mayoral election.
Click here to see the candidates each group endorsed.
Funding, absenteeism, school closures, and safety were also issues in the election.[20][21][22][23] Candidates took stances on the October 4, 2024, resignation of all seven members of the board. The board's decision to resign allowed Johnson to appoint replacements. Click here to learn more about the resignation. Click here to read our coverage of this event in Hall Pass, our weekly education newsletter.
The legislation requiring 21 school board members made it one of the largest school boards in the country. Of the 13,194 school districts in the country, only 240 — or about 2% — had school boards with more than 10 members at the time of the election. Those 243 districts were spread across 18 states.
Tens of thousands of elections took place in 2024 up and down the ballot, including for school board. Hall Pass, our weekly education newsletter, is your one-stop shop for helping you stay current on school board elections, education legislation, and the debates influencing state and local K-12 policies. Click here to subscribe today to get our next edition in your inbox on Wednesday.
Elections
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Candidates and results
District 1
General election
General election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 1b
Jennifer Custer defeated Michelle Pierre in the general election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 1b on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | Jennifer Custer (Nonpartisan) | 51.9 | 47,661 | |
Michelle Pierre (Nonpartisan) | 48.1 | 44,203 |
Total votes: 91,864 | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Charles Hernandez (Nonpartisan)
District 2
General election
General election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 2a
Ebony DeBerry defeated Bruce Leon, Kate Doyle, and Margaret Cullerton Hooper in the general election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 2a on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Ebony DeBerry (Nonpartisan) | 43.4 | 41,258 |
Bruce Leon (Nonpartisan) | 20.2 | 19,218 | ||
![]() | Kate Doyle (Nonpartisan) ![]() | 19.6 | 18,639 | |
![]() | Margaret Cullerton Hooper (Nonpartisan) ![]() | 16.7 | 15,878 |
Total votes: 94,993 | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Daniel Steven Kleinman (Nonpartisan)
District 3
General election
General election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 3b
Carlos Rivas Jr. defeated Jason Dones in the general election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 3b on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | Carlos Rivas Jr. (Nonpartisan) | 54.1 | 41,023 | |
![]() | Jason Dones (Nonpartisan) ![]() | 45.9 | 34,769 |
Total votes: 75,792 | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Kirk Ortiz (Nonpartisan)
District 4
General election
General election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 4b
The following candidates ran in the general election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 4b on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Ellen Rosenfeld (Nonpartisan) ![]() | 41.6 | 49,351 |
Karen Zaccor (Nonpartisan) ![]() | 30.2 | 35,825 | ||
![]() | Kimberly Brown (Nonpartisan) ![]() | 9.4 | 11,128 | |
![]() | Thomas Day (Nonpartisan) ![]() | 7.7 | 9,126 | |
![]() | Carmen Gioiosa (Nonpartisan) ![]() | 7.1 | 8,414 | |
Andrew Davis (Nonpartisan) | 4.0 | 4,719 |
Total votes: 118,563 | ||||
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District 5
General election
General election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 5a
Aaron Brown defeated Jousef Shkoukani and Kernetha Jones in the general election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 5a on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | Aaron Brown (Nonpartisan) ![]() | 97.3 | 40,249 | |
Jousef Shkoukani (Nonpartisan) (Write-in) | 2.6 | 1,063 | ||
Kernetha Jones (Nonpartisan) (Write-in) | 0.2 | 65 |
Total votes: 41,377 | ||||
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If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Michilla Blaise (Nonpartisan) (Unofficially withdrew)
- Anthony Hargrove (Nonpartisan)
District 6
General election
General election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 6b
Jessica Biggs defeated Anusha Thotakura, Andre Smith, and Danielle Wallace in the general election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 6b on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Jessica Biggs (Nonpartisan) ![]() | 44.6 | 40,109 |
![]() | Anusha Thotakura (Nonpartisan) ![]() | 32.3 | 29,015 | |
![]() | Andre Smith (Nonpartisan) | 23.0 | 20,656 | |
Danielle Wallace (Nonpartisan) (Write-in) ![]() | 0.2 | 181 |
Total votes: 89,961 | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Brenda Delgado (Nonpartisan)
District 7
General election
General election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 7b
Yesenia Lopez defeated Eva Villalobos and Raquel Don in the general election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 7b on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | Yesenia Lopez (Nonpartisan) | 56.8 | 29,622 | |
Eva Villalobos (Nonpartisan) | 33.3 | 17,371 | ||
Raquel Don (Nonpartisan) | 9.8 | 5,131 |
Total votes: 52,124 | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Felipe Luna Jr. (Nonpartisan)
- Jesus Ayala Jr. (Nonpartisan)
District 8
General election
General election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 8a
Angel Gutierrez defeated Felix Ponce in the general election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 8a on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | Angel Gutierrez (Nonpartisan) | 62.8 | 41,979 | |
![]() | Felix Ponce (Nonpartisan) | 37.2 | 24,903 |
Total votes: 66,882 | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Darius Dee Nix (Nonpartisan)
District 9
General election
General election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 9b
Therese Boyle defeated Lanetta Thomas, La'Mont Raymond Williams, and Miquel Lewis in the general election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 9b on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Therese Boyle (Nonpartisan) | 36.3 | 33,140 |
Lanetta Thomas (Nonpartisan) ![]() | 29.1 | 26,568 | ||
La'Mont Raymond Williams (Nonpartisan) ![]() | 17.7 | 16,197 | ||
Miquel Lewis (Nonpartisan) | 16.8 | 15,355 |
Total votes: 91,260 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Brittany Bailey Preston (Nonpartisan)
District 10
General election
General election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 10a
Che Smith defeated Karin Norington-Reaves, Robert Jones, Adam Parrott-Sheffer, and Rosita Chatonda in the general election for Chicago Public Schools school board District 10a on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | Che Smith (Nonpartisan) | 32.2 | 25,922 | |
![]() | Karin Norington-Reaves (Nonpartisan) | 29.3 | 23,543 | |
Robert Jones (Nonpartisan) | 22.5 | 18,132 | ||
![]() | Adam Parrott-Sheffer (Nonpartisan) ![]() | 15.9 | 12,803 | |
Rosita Chatonda (Nonpartisan) (Write-in) | 0.1 | 87 |
Total votes: 80,487 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- James Walton Jr. (Nonpartisan)
- Nathaniel Ward (Nonpartisan)
Additional elections on the ballot
- See also: Illinois elections, 2024
March 19, 2024
- Illinois' 1st Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 2nd Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 3rd Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 4th Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 5th Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 6th Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 7th Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 8th Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 9th Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois State Senate elections, 2024
- Illinois state legislative special elections, 2024
- Illinois House of Representatives elections, 2024
- Illinois Supreme Court elections, 2024
- Illinois intermediate appellate court elections, 2024
- Municipal elections in Cook County, Illinois (2024)
- Chicago, Illinois, Ballot Question 1, Real Estate Transfer Tax Measure (March 2024)
November 5, 2024
- Illinois' 1st Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 2nd Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 3rd Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 4th Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 5th Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 6th Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 7th Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 8th Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois' 9th Congressional District election, 2024
- Illinois State Senate elections, 2024
- Illinois state legislative special elections, 2024
- Illinois House of Representatives elections, 2024
- Illinois Supreme Court elections, 2024
- Illinois intermediate appellate court elections, 2024
- Illinois Assisted Reproductive Healthcare Advisory Question (2024)
- Illinois Income Tax Advisory Question (2024)
- Illinois Penalties for Candidate Interference with Election Worker's Duties Advisory Question (2024)
- Municipal elections in Cook County, Illinois (2024)
Issues and background
Neighborhood, charter, magnet, and selective enrollment schools
Voting information
What was the voter registration deadline?
- In-person: November 5, 2024
What was the absentee/mail-in ballot request deadline?
- By mail: October 31, 2024
Was early voting available to all voters? Yes
What were the early voting start and end dates? October 21 to November 5
Were all voters required to present ID at the polls? If so, was a photo or non-photo ID required? No form of ID {{Greener|start=11/05/2024 7:00PM CDT|before=is|after=w}as} required when the voter Were registered and voting in the correct precinct. One or two forms of ID were required if an Election Judge challenged the voter's right to vote or the voter needed to register.[24]
When were polls open on Election Day? 6:00 a.m. - 7:00 p.m.
Noteworthy endorsements
This section lists organizations that endorsed and/or contributed funding in support of candidates. Read more below for information on the organizations listed in the table. Please note that this list is not exhaustive. If you are aware of endorsements that should be included, please click here.
- Chicago Teachers Union (CTU): The CTU, a local teachers union, represented more than 25,000 teachers and staff in the CPS system.[25] The CTU describes itself as "an organization of educators dedicated to advancing and promoting quality public education, improving teaching and learning conditions, and protecting members’ rights."[26]
- Our Schools Coalition: Our Schools Coalition described itself as a "a dynamic coalition of diverse organizations from across Chicago, united by a common goal: to ensure that our city's first-ever elected school board represents the values and voices of our communities. We are dedicated to electing a slate of candidates who are committed to fostering equity, inclusion, and excellence in education."[27] The CTU is a member of the coalition.[27]
- Illinois Network of Charter Schools (INCS): INCS says it "advocates for legislation on behalf of the charter sector, provides support to strengthen charter schools, and influences education policy for the benefit of all public school students."[28] INCS' PAC, INCS Action, contributed funding to support seven candidates in the form of digital ads and mailers.
- The Urban Center: Founded in 2024, the organization says it "believes every child must have access to a world-class education, regardless of their race, income, academic ability, or ZIP code."[29] Paul Vallas, who previously served as the CEO of CPS from 1995 to 2001 and who lost to Johnson in the city's 2023 mayoral election, co-founded the group.[30]
Campaign finance
Candidates in this election submitted campaign finance reports to the Illinois State Board of Elections. Click here to access those reports.
Noteworthy events
Chicago school board member resignations (2024)
On October 4, 2024, Chicago Board of Education members Elizabeth Todd-Breland, Mariela Estrada, Mary Fahey Hughes, Rudy Lozano, Michelle Morales, Jianan Shi, and Tanya Woods announced their resignations.[31] Their resignations come after a budget meeting in July 2024, where the board rejected Mayor Brandon Johnson's proposal to take out a loan to cover teacher pensions.[32]
On October 7, 2024, Johnson announced six interim appointments to the board: Olga Bautista, Michilla Blaise, Mary Gardner, Mitchell Ikenna Johnson, Deborah Pope, and Frank Niles Thomas.[33] The new members were sworn in on October 24.[34]
Johnson disagreed with the board and CEO Pedro Martinez over staffing cuts in the 2024-25 budget. The board voted 7-0 on July 25 to pass a $9.9 billion budget for the upcoming school year.[35] Johnson, along with the Chicago Teachers Union (CTU), opposed aspects of the plan, which proposed cutting some support staff as a way to close a $500 million budget deficit.[36] Johnson said, “That is not what the people of Chicago elected me to do, to cut our school district. I am not going to do it.” Johnson instead recommended CPS take out a short-term, high-interest $300 million loan to cover teacher raises and pension payments.[37]
CEO Pedro Martinez’s administration rejected the loan proposal. CPS Chief Financial Officer Miroslava Mejia Krug said: “We can all recognize that issuing debt has not been a good thing for CPS.”[38] In September, the Chicago Sun Times, Fox32, and other outlets reported Johnson had asked CPS CEO Pedro Martinez to resign.[39][40] Johnson denied the reporting, saying, “[I] didn’t ask anybody to do anything. The only thing that I’m requiring in this moment is leadership that’s prepared to invest in our children.”[41]
In a Sept. 24 op-ed in the Chicago Tribune, Martinez wrote that Johnson had asked for his resignation. Martinez said, “I have chosen not to resign because doing so would risk creating a leadership vacuum and instability that could disrupt the strategic progress we’ve made to date.”[42]
The board, the only entity with the authority to hire and dismiss the CEO, selected Martinez as CEO in September 2021.[43]
The budget also did not include money for a new contract with the CTU. Negotiations over that contract are ongoing.[44] The CTU had asked for 9% annual raises, while the district has offered between 4-5%.[45][46]
About the district
- See also: Chicago Public Schools, Illinois
District map
Overlapping state house districts
No data is available for this district.
Budget
The following statistics were published by the National Center for Education Statistics, which is a part of the U.S. Department of Education.[47]
SOURCE | AMOUNT | AMOUNT PER STUDENT | PERCENT |
---|---|---|---|
Federal: | $1,465,282,000 | $4,442 | 17% |
Local: | $4,451,354,000 | $13,496 | 53% |
State: | $2,519,508,000 | $7,639 | 30% |
Total: | $8,436,144,000 | $25,577 |
TYPE | AMOUNT | AMOUNT PER STUDENT | PERCENT |
---|---|---|---|
Total Expenditures: | $8,443,510,000 | $25,599 | |
Total Current Expenditures: | $6,943,032,000 | $21,049 | |
Instructional Expenditures: | $4,534,378,000 | $13,747 | 54% |
Student and Staff Support: | $783,846,000 | $2,376 | 9% |
Administration: | $537,554,000 | $1,629 | 6% |
Operations, Food Service, Other: | $1,087,254,000 | $3,296 | 13% |
Total Capital Outlay: | $759,379,000 | $2,302 | |
Construction: | $620,377,000 | $1,880 | |
Total Non El-Sec Education & Other: | $87,654,000 | $265 | |
Interest on Debt: | $516,915,000 | $1,567 |
Students
Year | Enrollment | Year-to-year change (%) |
---|---|---|
2023-2024 | 322,809 | 0.4 |
2022-2023 | 321,666 | -2.5 |
2021-2022 | 329,836 | -3.5 |
2020-2021 | 341,382 | -1.8 |
2019-2020 | 347,484 | -3.5 |
2018-2019 | 359,476 | -4.0 |
2017-2018 | 373,700 | -1.2 |
2016-2017 | 378,199 | -2.4 |
2015-2016 | 387,311 | -1.4 |
2014-2015 | 392,558 | -1.0 |
2013-2014 | 396,641 | 0.2 |
2012-2013 | 395,948 | -1.8 |
2011-2012 | 403,004 | -0.7 |
2010-2011 | 405,644 | -0.4 |
2009-2010 | 407,157 | -3.5 |
2008-2009 | 421,430 | 3.3 |
2007-2008 | 407,510 | -1.5 |
2006-2007 | 413,694 | -1.8 |
2005-2006 | 420,982 | -1.4 |
2004-2005 | 426,812 | -1.8 |
2003-2004 | 434,419 | -0.4 |
2002-2003 | 436,048 | -0.3 |
2001-2002 | 437,418 | 0.5 |
2000-2001 | 435,261 | 0.8 |
1999-2000 | 431,750 | 0.0 |
RACE | Chicago Public Schools (%) | Illinois K-12 STUDENTS (%) |
---|---|---|
American Indian/Alaska Native | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Asian or Asian/Pacific Islander | 4.6 | 5.6 |
Black | 35.0 | 16.4 |
Hispanic | 47.0 | 28.1 |
Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Two or More Races | 1.9 | 4.2 |
White | 11.1 | 45.3 |
Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.
Staff
As of the 2023-2024 school year, Chicago Public Schools had 23,234.51 full-time classroom teachers. The student-teacher ratio was 13.89.
TYPE | NUMBER OF TEACHERS |
---|---|
Prekindergarten: | 2.00 |
Kindergarten: | 93.00 |
Elementary: | 16,100.08 |
Secondary: | 7,039.43 |
Total: | 23,234.51 |
Chicago Public Schools employed 433.00 district administrators and 1,679.60 school administrators as of the 2023-2024 school year.
TYPE | NUMBER OF ADMINISTRATORS |
---|---|
District Administrators: | 433.00 |
District Administrative Support: | 8.00 |
School Administrators: | 1,679.60 |
School Administrative Support: | 4.00 |
TYPE | NUMBER OF OTHER STAFF |
---|---|
Instructional Aides: | 9,019.02 |
Instruc. Coordinators & Supervisors: | 432.35 |
Total Guidance Counselors: | 908.00 |
Elementary Guidance Counselors: | 560.50 |
Secondary Guidance Counselors: | 347.50 |
Librarians/Media Specialists: | 84.00 |
Library/Media Support: | 0.00 |
Student Support Services: | 1,627.93 |
Other Support Services: | 302.00 |
Schools
2024 battleground elections
- See also: Battlegrounds
This was a battleground election. Other 2024 battleground elections included:
- Minnesota's 7th Congressional District election, 2024 (August 13 Republican primary)
- Oregon's 5th Congressional District election, 2024 (May 21 Democratic primary)
- United States House of Representatives election in Alaska, 2024
See also
Chicago Public Schools | Illinois | School Boards |
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External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Chicago Sun-Times, "CPS School Board election results leave both CTU, charter interests without clear win," November 6, 2024
- ↑ The Chicago Reporter, "History of Chicago Public Schools," accessed October 24, 2024
- ↑ LegiScan, "Illinois House Bill 2908," accessed October 24, 2024
- ↑ CBS Chicago, "Gov. Pritzker Signs Legislation To Create Elected School Board For Chicago Public Schools," July 29, 2021
- ↑ Crain's Chicago Business, "Charter school supporters and CTU rivalry heats up ahead of school board elections," October 21, 2024
- ↑ WWTW, "Chicago Teachers Union Endorses Brandon Johnson for Mayor, Urges Him to Make Bid Official," September 28, 2022
- ↑ City of Chicago, "Mayor Brandon Johnson Announces New Appointments to Chicago Board of Education," July 5, 2024
- ↑ Chicago Public Schools Board of Education, "Resolution Regarding Values and Parameters for New Five-Year Transformational Strategic Plan, SY25-SY29," October 24, 2024
- ↑ WBEZ Chicago, "Brandon Johnson’s Board of Ed looks to move away from school choice, toward neighborhood schools," December 13, 2023
- ↑ Chalkbeat Chicago, "Explaining Chicago Public Schools: The types of schools," September 18, 2024
- ↑ Chicago Public Schools, "Admissions Policy for Magnet, Selective Enrollment and Other GoCPS Schools and Programs," July 27, 2022
- ↑ Chalkbeat Chicago, "How do families use Chicago’s vast school choice system? Five people tell us their stories.," December 20, 2023
- ↑ Chicago Sun-Times, "Chicago could move away from school choice. Here’s what that means for parents and students.," October 28, 2024
- ↑ Ed Post, "The Right Choice: Keeping Chicago’s Public School Options Open," May 31, 2024
- ↑ Chicago Teachers Union, "Election 2024," accessed October 24, 2024
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Chalkbeat Chicago, "Pro-school choice super PACs nearly double the money spent so far in Chicago’s first school board elections," October 2, 2024
- ↑ Crain's Chicago Business, "Johnson and the CTU are pushing for neighborhood schools over choice. Can CPS strike a balance?" October 21, 2024
- ↑ Our Schools, "Homepage," accessed October 28, 2024
- ↑ Illinois State Board of Elections, "Urban Center PAC," October 24, 2024
- ↑ Chicago Magazine, "Schoolyard Fight," August 13, 2024
- ↑ Chalkbeat Chicago, "Pro-school choice super PACs nearly double the money spent so far in Chicago’s first school board elections," October 2, 2024
- ↑ WTTW, "CPS Board Votes Unanimously to Prohibit School Closures Until 2027," September 26, 2024
- ↑ Chicago Sun Times, "We can't ignore the big problem of chronic absenteeism in our schools," September 15, 2024
- ↑ Chicago Board of Elections, "When You Need ID to Vote," accessed October 24, 2024
- ↑ Axios Chicago, "Catch up quick: Chicago fights over next teachers contract," September 4, 2024
- ↑ Chicago Teachers Union, "About Us," accessed October 24, 2024
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 Our Schools Chicago, "Our values and vision," accessed October 24, 2024
- ↑ Illinois Network of Charter Schools, "Homepage," accessed October 24, 2024
- ↑ The Urban Center, "Homepage," accessed October 24, 2024
- ↑ Illinois State Board of Education, "Urban Center PAC," accessed October 24, 2024
- ↑ Axios "Seven Chicago Board of Education Members Resign" accessed October 7, 2024
- ↑ Axios "Chicago Public Schools Faces Budget Deficit Debate" accessed October 7, 2024
- ↑ ABC7 Chicago, "Mayor Brandon Johnson Announces New Interim Chicago Board of Education Appointments," accessed October 7, 2024
- ↑ Chalkbeat Chicago, "New Chicago school board members swear themselves in," October 24, 2024
- ↑ Chicago Tribune, "Chicago Board of Education passes $9.9B budget, withstanding pressure from Mayor Brandon Johnson and teachers union," July 25, 2024
- ↑ Kids First Chicago, "Mayor Brandon Johnson Rejects CPS Budget: What Comes Next?" July 15, 2024
- ↑ Chalkbeat Chicago, "Chicago’s Mayor Johnson suggests CPS borrow to cover pension, contract costs," July 12, 2024
- ↑ [CPS pushes back against CTU contract demands, arguing they would lead to record deficits WBEZ Chicago, "CPS pushes back against CTU contract demands, arguing they would lead to record deficits," August 13, 2024]
- ↑ Chicago Sun-Times, "Mayor Brandon Johnson tells CPS CEO Pedro Martinez he wants him out, sources say," September 20, 2024
- ↑ Fox 32, "Mayor Brandon Johnson asked CPS CEO Pedro Martinez to resign: sources," September 20, 2024
- ↑ Chicago Tribune, "Pedro Martinez: Why I’m not resigning as CPS chief and we’re not closing any schools," September 24, 2024
- ↑ Chicago Tribune, "Pedro Martinez: Why I’m not resigning as CPS chief and we’re not closing any schools," September 24, 2024
- ↑ Chicago Sun-Times, "Who is Pedro Martinez, CPS’ new CEO?" September 16, 2024
- ↑ Chalkbeat Chicago, "Chicago Public Schools says teachers union proposals would lead to $4 billion deficit by 2029-30," August 13, 2024
- ↑ Chicago Sun-Times, "Chicago Teachers Union demanding 9% annual raises, won't rule out a strike," April 18, 2024
- ↑ Chicago Sun-Times, "CPS to offer Chicago teachers raises up to 5% in each of the next four years," August 30, 2024
- ↑ National Center for Education Statistics, "Elementary/Secondary Information System," accessed October 6, 2025
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