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Texas' 6th Congressional District
Texas' 6th Congressional District in the United States House of Representatives is represented by Jake Ellzey (R).
As of the 2020 Census, Texas representatives represented an average of 767,981 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 701,901 residents.
Elections
2024
See also: Texas' 6th Congressional District election, 2024
Texas' 6th Congressional District election, 2024 (March 5 Republican primary)
Texas' 6th Congressional District election, 2024 (March 5 Democratic primary)
General election
General election for U.S. House Texas District 6
Incumbent Jake Ellzey defeated John Love III in the general election for U.S. House Texas District 6 on November 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Jake Ellzey (R) | 65.7 | 188,119 |
![]() | John Love III (D) ![]() | 34.3 | 98,319 |
Total votes: 286,438 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. House Texas District 6
John Love III advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Texas District 6 on March 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | John Love III ![]() | 100.0 | 13,813 |
Total votes: 13,813 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 6
Incumbent Jake Ellzey defeated James Buford and Clifford Wiley in the Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 6 on March 5, 2024.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Jake Ellzey | 60.8 | 38,143 |
![]() | James Buford ![]() | 20.4 | 12,782 | |
![]() | Clifford Wiley ![]() | 18.9 | 11,843 |
Total votes: 62,768 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Matthew Southard (R)
2022
General election
General election for U.S. House Texas District 6
Incumbent Jake Ellzey won election in the general election for U.S. House Texas District 6 on November 8, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Jake Ellzey (R) | 100.0 | 149,321 |
Total votes: 149,321 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Takona Scauflaire (Independent)
Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 6
Incumbent Jake Ellzey defeated James Buford and Bill Payne in the Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 6 on March 1, 2022.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Jake Ellzey | 71.2 | 38,683 |
![]() | James Buford ![]() | 15.9 | 8,636 | |
Bill Payne | 12.9 | 7,008 |
Total votes: 54,327 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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2021
A special election to fill the seat representing Texas' 6th Congressional District in the U.S. House was held in 2021. The special election filled the vacancy left by Ronald Wright (R), who died from complications related to COVID-19.
General runoff election
Special general runoff election for U.S. House Texas District 6
Jake Ellzey defeated Susan Wright in the special general runoff election for U.S. House Texas District 6 on July 27, 2021.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Jake Ellzey (R) | 53.3 | 20,873 |
![]() | Susan Wright (R) | 46.7 | 18,293 |
Total votes: 39,166 | ||||
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General election
Special general election for U.S. House Texas District 6
The following candidates ran in the special general election for U.S. House Texas District 6 on May 1, 2021.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Susan Wright (R) | 19.2 | 15,077 |
✔ | ![]() | Jake Ellzey (R) | 13.8 | 10,865 |
![]() | Jana Lynne Sanchez (D) | 13.4 | 10,518 | |
![]() | Brian E. Harrison (R) | 10.8 | 8,485 | |
![]() | Shawn Lassiter (D) ![]() | 8.9 | 6,973 | |
![]() | John Castro (R) | 5.5 | 4,321 | |
![]() | Tammy Allison (D) ![]() | 5.4 | 4,240 | |
![]() | Lydia Bean (D) | 3.7 | 2,923 | |
![]() | Michael Wood (R) ![]() | 3.2 | 2,509 | |
![]() | Michael Ballantine (R) ![]() | 2.8 | 2,225 | |
![]() | Daniel Rodimer (R) | 2.7 | 2,088 | |
![]() | Daryl Eddings (D) | 2.1 | 1,654 | |
![]() | Michael Egan (R) ![]() | 2.0 | 1,544 | |
![]() | Patrick Moses (D) | 1.5 | 1,189 | |
Manuel Salazar (D) | 1.4 | 1,120 | ||
![]() | Sery Kim (R) | 1.1 | 889 | |
![]() | Travis Rodermund (R) | 0.6 | 460 | |
Adrian Mizher (Independent) | 0.4 | 351 | ||
![]() | Brian Stephenson (D) ![]() | 0.3 | 271 | |
![]() | Phil Gray (L) | 0.3 | 265 | |
![]() | Matt Hinterlong (D) | 0.3 | 252 | |
Jenny Garcia Sharon (R) | 0.2 | 150 | ||
Christopher Suprun (D) | 0.1 | 102 |
Total votes: 78,471 | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Montgomery Markland (R)
- Asa Palagi (R)
- Katrina Pierson (R)
2020
General election
General election for U.S. House Texas District 6
Incumbent Ronald Wright defeated Stephen Daniel and Melanie Black in the general election for U.S. House Texas District 6 on November 3, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Ronald Wright (R) | 52.8 | 179,507 |
![]() | Stephen Daniel (D) ![]() | 44.0 | 149,530 | |
![]() | Melanie Black (L) ![]() | 3.2 | 10,955 |
Total votes: 339,992 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Chad Snider (Independent)
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. House Texas District 6
Stephen Daniel advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Texas District 6 on March 3, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Stephen Daniel ![]() | 100.0 | 47,996 |
Total votes: 47,996 | ||||
![]() | ||||
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Imran Khan (D)
Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 6
Incumbent Ronald Wright advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 6 on March 3, 2020.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Ronald Wright | 100.0 | 55,759 |
Total votes: 55,759 | ||||
![]() | ||||
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Libertarian convention
Libertarian convention for U.S. House Texas District 6
Melanie Black advanced from the Libertarian convention for U.S. House Texas District 6 on March 21, 2020.
Candidate | ||
✔ | ![]() | Melanie Black (L) ![]() |
![]() | ||||
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2018
General election
General election for U.S. House Texas District 6
Ronald Wright defeated Jana Lynne Sanchez and Jason Harber in the general election for U.S. House Texas District 6 on November 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Ronald Wright (R) | 53.1 | 135,961 |
![]() | Jana Lynne Sanchez (D) | 45.4 | 116,350 | |
Jason Harber (L) | 1.5 | 3,731 |
Total votes: 256,042 | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Gregory Brady (Independent)
Democratic primary runoff election
Democratic primary runoff for U.S. House Texas District 6
Jana Lynne Sanchez defeated Ruby Faye Woolridge in the Democratic primary runoff for U.S. House Texas District 6 on May 22, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Jana Lynne Sanchez | 53.1 | 6,103 |
![]() | Ruby Faye Woolridge | 46.9 | 5,386 |
Total votes: 11,489 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Republican primary runoff election
Republican primary runoff for U.S. House Texas District 6
Ronald Wright defeated Jake Ellzey in the Republican primary runoff for U.S. House Texas District 6 on May 22, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Ronald Wright | 52.2 | 12,747 |
![]() | Jake Ellzey | 47.8 | 11,686 |
Total votes: 24,433 | ||||
![]() | ||||
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Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. House Texas District 6
Ruby Faye Woolridge and Jana Lynne Sanchez advanced to a runoff. They defeated John W. Duncan, Justin Snider, and Levii Shocklee in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Texas District 6 on March 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Ruby Faye Woolridge | 36.9 | 10,857 |
✔ | ![]() | Jana Lynne Sanchez | 36.9 | 10,838 |
![]() | John W. Duncan | 13.5 | 3,978 | |
![]() | Justin Snider | 6.9 | 2,014 | |
![]() | Levii Shocklee | 5.8 | 1,702 |
Total votes: 29,389 | ||||
![]() | ||||
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Republican primary election
Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 6
The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for U.S. House Texas District 6 on March 6, 2018.
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
✔ | ![]() | Ronald Wright | 45.1 | 20,750 |
✔ | ![]() | Jake Ellzey | 21.8 | 9,999 |
![]() | Ken Cope | 7.7 | 3,540 | |
![]() | Shannon Dubberly | 6.3 | 2,884 | |
![]() | Mark Mitchell | 4.7 | 2,152 | |
Troy Ratterree | 4.0 | 1,858 | ||
![]() | Kevin Harrison | 3.9 | 1,771 | |
Deborah Gagliardi | 3.6 | 1,676 | ||
![]() | Thomas Dillingham | 1.2 | 544 | |
Shawn Dandridge | 1.1 | 518 | ||
Mel Hassell | 0.6 | 268 |
Total votes: 45,960 | ||||
![]() | ||||
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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2016
Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Republican. Incumbent Joe Barton (R) defeated Ruby Faye Woolridge (D) and Darrel Smith Jr. (G) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Barton defeated Steven Fowler and Collin Baker in the Republican primary on March 1, 2016, while Woolridge defeated Don Jaquess and Jeffrey Roseman to win the Democratic nomination.[1][2]
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | ![]() |
58.3% | 159,444 | |
Democratic | Ruby Faye Woolridge | 39% | 106,667 | |
Green | Darrel Smith | 2.6% | 7,185 | |
Total Votes | 273,296 | |||
Source: Texas Secretary of State |
Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
68.6% | 55,285 | ||
Steven Fowler | 22.3% | 17,960 | ||
Collin Baker | 9.1% | 7,292 | ||
Total Votes | 80,537 | |||
Source: Texas Secretary of State |
Candidate | Vote % | Votes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
69.7% | 23,294 | ||
Jeffrey Roseman | 17.9% | 5,993 | ||
Don Jaquess | 12.4% | 4,132 | ||
Total Votes | 33,419 | |||
Source: Texas Secretary of State |
2014
The 6th Congressional District of Texas held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014. Incumbent Joe Barton (R) defeated David Cozad (D) and Hugh Chauvin (L) in the general election.
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | ![]() |
61.1% | 92,334 | |
Democratic | David Cozad | 36.4% | 55,027 | |
Libertarian | Hugh Chauvin | 2.4% | 3,635 | |
Total Votes | 150,996 | |||
Source: Texas Secretary of State |
2012
The 6th Congressional District of Texas held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 6, 2012, in which incumbent Joe Barton (R) won re-election. He defeated Kenneth Sanders (D), Hugh Chauvin (L) and Brandon Parmer (G) in the general election.[3]
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | ![]() |
58% | 145,019 | |
Democratic | Kenneth Sanders | 39.2% | 98,053 | |
Libertarian | Hugh Chauvin | 1.9% | 4,847 | |
Green | Brandon Parmer | 0.8% | 2,017 | |
Total Votes | 249,936 | |||
Source: Texas Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election" |
2010
On November 2, 2010, Joe Barton won re-election to the United States House. He defeated David Cozad (D) and Byron Severns (L) in the general election.[4]
2008
On November 4, 2008, Joe Barton won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Ludwig Otto (D) and Max Koch, III (L) in the general election.[5]
2006
On November 7, 2006, Joe Barton won re-election to the United States House. He defeated David Harris (D) and Carl Nulsen (L) in the general election.[6]
2004
On November 2, 2004, Joe Barton won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Morris Meyer (D) and Stephen Schrader (L) in the general election.[7]
2002
On November 5, 2002, Joe Barton won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Felix Alvarado (D), Frank Brady (L) and B. J. Armstrong (G) in the general election.[8]
2000
On November 7, 2000, Joe Barton won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Frank Brady (L) in the general election.[9]
U.S. House, Texas District 6 General Election, 2000 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
Republican | ![]() |
88.1% | 222,685 | |
Libertarian | Frank Brady | 11.9% | 30,056 | |
Total Votes | 252,741 |
1998
On November 3, 1998, Joe Barton won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Ben Boothe (D) and Richard Bandlow (L) in the general election.[10]
1996
On November 5, 1996, Joe Barton won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Janet Carroll Richardson (I), Catherine Anderson (L) and Doug Williams (U.S. Taxpayers) in the general election.[11]
1994
On November 8, 1994, Joe Barton won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Terry Jesmore (D) and Bill Baird (L) in the general election.[12]
1992
On November 3, 1992, Joe Barton won re-election to the United States House. He defeated John Dietrich (D) in the general election.[13]
U.S. House, Texas District 6 General Election, 1992 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
Republican | ![]() |
71.9% | 189,140 | |
Democratic | John Dietrich | 28.1% | 73,933 | |
Total Votes | 263,073 |
1990
On November 6, 1990, Joe Barton won re-election to the United States House. He defeated John Welch (D) and Michael Worsham (Write-in) in the general election.[14]
1988
On November 8, 1988, Joe Barton won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Pat Kendrick (D) in the general election.[15]
U.S. House, Texas District 6 General Election, 1988 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
Republican | ![]() |
67.6% | 164,692 | |
Democratic | Pat Kendrick | 32.4% | 78,786 | |
Total Votes | 243,478 |
1986
On November 4, 1986, Joe Barton won re-election to the United States House. He defeated Pete Geren (D) in the general election.[16]
U.S. House, Texas District 6 General Election, 1986 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
Republican | ![]() |
55.8% | 86,190 | |
Democratic | Pete Geren | 44.2% | 68,270 | |
Total Votes | 154,460 |
1984
On November 6, 1984, Joe Barton won election to the United States House. He defeated Dan Kubiak (D) in the general election.[17]
U.S. House, Texas District 6 General Election, 1984 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
Republican | ![]() |
56.6% | 131,482 | |
Democratic | Dan Kubiak | 43.4% | 100,799 | |
Total Votes | 232,281 |
District map
Redistricting
2020-2021
In August 2025, the Texas Legislature proposed a new congressional district map during special legislative sessions that prompted Democratic legislators to leave the state to prevent a quorum.[18][19] Click here to read more about the 2025 Democratic walkout during mid-decade redistricting in Texas.
On August 20, 2025, the Texas House approved House Bill 4 containing a new congressional map by an 88-52 vote along party lines.[20] On August 23, 2025, the Texas Senate approved the map by an 18-11 vote along party lines.[21] Texas Gov. Greg Abbott (R) signed the new map into law on August 29, 2025.[22] The bill text stated the new district boundaries would take effect for the 2026 elections.[23]
Texas first enacted new congressional districts on October 25, 2021. The Senate released a proposed congressional map on September 27, 2021, and approved an amended version of the proposal on October 8, 2021.[24] On October 13, 2021, the House Redistricting Committee approved an amended version of the congressional map, and both chambers of the legislature approved a finalized version of the map on October 18, 2021. The Senate approved the proposal in an 18-13 vote, and the House approved the bill in an 84-59 vote.[25] Gov. Greg Abbott (R) signed the map into law on October 25, 2021.[26] This map took effect for Texas' 2022 congressional elections.
How does redistricting in Texas work? In Texas, both congressional and state legislative district boundaries are drawn by the Texas State Legislature. These lines are subject to veto by the governor.[27]
If the state legislature is unable to approve a state legislative redistricting plan, a backup commission must draw the lines (the backup commission is not involved in congressional redistricting). This backup commission, established in 1948, comprises the following members:[27]
- Lieutenant governor
- Speaker of the Texas House of Representatives
- Attorney general
- State comptroller
- Commissioner of the General Land Office
The Texas Constitution requires that state legislative districts be contiguous and "that they preserve whole counties when population mandates permit."[27]
Texas District 6
before 2020 redistricting cycle
Click a district to compare boundaries.
Texas District 6
after 2020 redistricting cycle
Click a district to compare boundaries.
Following the 2010 United States Census, Texas gained four congressional seats. Texas' final congressional redistricting plan was approved by the Texas Legislature and signed by Gov. Rick Perry (R) in June 2013.[28][29][30]
District analysis
- See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index
- See also: FiveThirtyEight's elasticity scores
2026
Heading into the 2026 elections, based on results from the 2024 and 2020 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district is R+14. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 14 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Texas' 6th the 86th most Republican district nationally.[31]
2024
Heading into the 2024 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+15. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 15 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Texas' 6th the 82nd most Republican district nationally.[32]
Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Donald Trump (R) would have defeated Joe Biden (D) 61.3%-37.4%.[33]
2022
Heading into the 2022 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+15. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 15 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Texas' 6th the 85th most Republican district nationally.[34]
Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have received 37.4% of the vote in this district and Donald Trump (R) would have received 61.3%.[35]
2018
Heading into the 2018 elections, based on results from the 2016 and 2012 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+9. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 9 percentage points more Republican than the national average. This made Texas' 6th Congressional District the 146th most Republican nationally.[36]
FiveThirtyEight's September 2018 elasticity score for states and congressional districts measured "how sensitive it is to changes in the national political environment." This district's elasticity score was 0.96. This means that for every 1 point the national political mood moved toward a party, the district was expected to move 0.96 points toward that party.[37]
See also
- Redistricting in Texas
- Texas' 6th Congressional District election, 2024
- Texas' 6th Congressional District election, 2022
- Texas' 6th Congressional District election, 2020
- Texas' 6th Congressional District election, 2018
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Texas Secretary of State, "2016 March Primary Election Candidate Filings by County," accessed December 15, 2015
- ↑ The New York Times, "Texas Primary Results," March 1, 2016
- ↑ Politico, "2012 Election Map, Texas," November 6, 2012
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2006," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2004," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 2002," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 2000," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1998," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 1996," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 8, 1994," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 3, 1992," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 6, 1990," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 8, 1988," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 1986," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 6, 1984," accessed March 28, 2013
- ↑ Associated Press, "Texas Democrats fleeing state to block redistricting vote follows strategy that’s had mixed results," August 3, 2025
- ↑ Texas Tribune, "The Texas Legislature is back for a special session. Here’s what we’re watching.," July 21, 2025
- ↑ CBS News, "Texas House passes GOP redistricting plan after weeks-long standoff," August 20, 2025
- ↑ Houston Chronicle, "Texas Democrats ramp up criticism of new Texas congressional map after Senate sends it to governor," August 23, 2025
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
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tag; no text was provided for refs namedsigned
- ↑ LegiScan, "Texas House Bill 4," accessed August 29, 2025
- ↑ Texas Tribune, "Texas Senate approves congressional map that draws no new Black or Hispanic districts even as people of color fueled population growth," October 8, 2021
- ↑ Texas Legislature Online, "SB 6," accessed October 20, 2021
- ↑ Texas Tribune, "Gov. Greg Abbott signs off on Texas’ new political maps, which protect GOP majorities while diluting voices of voters of color," October 25, 2021
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 All About Redistricting, "Texas," accessed May 7, 2015
- ↑ All About Redistricting, "Texas," accessed May 7, 2015
- ↑ All About Redistricting, "Litigation in the 2010 cycle, Texas," accessed May 7, 2015
- ↑ Barone, M. & McCutcheon, C. (2013). The almanac of American politics 2014 : the senators, the representatives and the governors : their records and election results, their states and districts. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
- ↑ Cook Political Report, "2025 Cook PVI℠: District Map and List (119th Congress)," accessed July 1, 2025
- ↑ Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed January 10, 2024
- ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2020 presidential results by congressional district, for new and old districts," accessed September 15, 2022
- ↑ Cook Political Report, "The 2022 Cook Partisan Voting Index (Cook PVI℠)," accessed February 6, 2023
- ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2020 presidential results by congressional district, for new and old districts," accessed September 15, 2022
- ↑ Cook Political Report, "Introducing the 2017 Cook Political Report Partisan Voter Index," April 7, 2017
- ↑ FiveThirtyEight, "Election Update: The Most (And Least) Elastic States And Districts," September 6, 2018