Executive branch structure ballot measures

Voters have decided on executive branch structure ballot measures across the U.S. As a state ballot measure topic, this refers to measures regarding the organization of a state's executive branch, such as the creation, consolidation, or elimination of executive offices, as well as procedures for gubernatorial succession and vacancies. The topic is grouped within the governance policy area.

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Upcoming ballot measures

See also: 2026 ballot measures and 2027 ballot measures

The following is a list of state ballot measures related to this topic that are certified or potential for this year and future elections:

2028

1. Indiana State Comptroller Title Amendment (2028) - Potential

2026

1. Alabama Require Lieutenant Governor Vacancies to be Filled by Election Amendment (2026) - Potential
2. California Eliminate State Officer Recall Successor Elections Amendment (2026) - On the ballot

List of state ballot measures

Click the tabs to view state ballot measures related to this topic, organized by year or state.

Years

States

2028

1. Indiana State Comptroller Title Amendment (2028) - Potential

2026

1. Alabama Require Lieutenant Governor Vacancies to be Filled by Election Amendment (2026) - Potential
2. California Eliminate State Officer Recall Successor Elections Amendment (2026) - On the ballot

2024

1. Indiana Remove Superintendent of Public Instruction from Gubernatorial Line of Succession Amendment (2024)
2. Iowa Amendment 2, Gubernatorial Succession Amendment (2024)

2022

1. Missouri Amendment 5, Department of the National Guard Amendment (2022)

2016

1. Arkansas Gubernatorial Power When Governor is Absent from State, Issue 2 (2016)

2014

1. Louisiana Twenty-One Executive Departments, Amendment 11 (2014)
2. Montana State Auditor Renaming Amendment, C-45 (2014)
3. North Dakota Commission of Higher Education Amendment, Measure 3 (2014)
4. Utah Amendment B, Modify Election and Appointment Requirements for Lieutenant Governor Measure (2014)

2012

1. Oregon Measure 78, Government Branches Amendment (2012)

2010

1. Nebraska Amendment 2, Abolish the Office of State Treasurer Measure (2010)

2008

1. Utah Amendment A, Change the Process for Vacancies in Executive Offices Measure (2008)

2006

1. Montana State Auditor, C-43 (2006)

2001

1. Washington Initiative 775, Establish the Home Care Quality Authority Measure (2001)

2000

1. Arizona Proposition 103, Corporation Commission Amendment (2000)
2. North Dakota Amendment 3, Removal of State Treasurer as an Elected Constitutinal Officer (June 2000)

1999

1. Texas Proposition 8, Adjutant General Amendment (1999)

1998

1. Florida Amendment 8, State Executive Officers and Cabinet Amendment (1998)
2. Minnesota Amendment 2, Abolishing the Office of State Treasurer Amendment (1998)
3. Nebraska Amendment 6, Change Presiding Officer of Legislature Measure (May 1998)

1996

1. Missouri Amendment 5, Department of Aging Measure (1996)
2. North Dakota Amendment 4, Executive Branch Article Amendment (June 1996)

1992

1. Utah Proposition 3, Revise the Executive Article Amendment (1992)

1990

1. North Dakota Amendment 1, Lieutenant Governor as Presiding Officer Amendment (June 1990)
2. North Dakota Amendment 4, State Auditor in Legislative Branch Amendment (1990)

1989

1. North Dakota Amendment 1, State Government Reorganization Amendment (December 1989)

1986

1. South Dakota Amendment A, Duties of the Lieutenant Governor Measure (1986)

1984

1. Connecticut Question 2, Establish a Procedure for the Lieutenant-Governor to Act as Governor Amendment (1984)
2. Connecticut Question 3, Creation of a Criminal Justice Commission Amendment (1984)

1980

1. Utah Proposition 1, Revise the Executive Article Amendment (1980)

1978

1. Florida Amendment 4, Elimination of the Executive Cabinet Amendment (1978)

1977

1. Washington Referendum 40, Establishment of State Women's Commission Measure (1977)

1976

1. Washington HJR 64, Home-Rule Charter Drafting Agency Amendment (1976)
2. Washington Referendum 36, State Officer Financial Reports Measure (1976)

1975

1. Maine Question 5, Gubernatorial Incapacity Amendment (1975)
2. Maine Question 6, Abolition of Executive Council and Notary Public Amendment (1975)

1974

1. Arizona Proposition 100, Executive Department Amendment (1974)
2. Nebraska Amendment 2, Presiding Officer of the Legislature Amendment (May 1974)
3. North Carolina Office of District Attorney Amendment (1974)
4. Utah Proposition 1, Revise the Executive Article Amendment (1974)
5. Vermont Four-Year Terms for State Constitutional Officers (1974)

1972

1. Minnesota Amendment 3, Joint Election of Governor and Lieutenant Governor Amendment (1972)
2. South Dakota Amendment B, Executive Reorganization Measure (1972)

1970

1. Alaska Amendment 3, Secretary of State Title Change Amendment (August 1970)
2. Montana Executive Department Allocation Amendment (1970)
3. North Carolina Reduce Number of State Administrative Departments Amendment (1970)
4. South Dakota Amendment E, Term Limits Measure (1970)
5. Virginia Question 1, Constitutional Revision Amendment (1970)

1968

1. Arizona Proposition 105, Corporation Commission Amendment (1968)
2. Massachusetts Question 3, Governor Inability to Perform Duties Amendment (1968)
3. Missouri Amendment 1, Gubernatorial Line of Succession and Board to Determine Governor's Ability to Serve Measure (August 1968)
4. South Dakota Amendment E, Appointment of the Superintendent of Public Instruction Measure (1968)

1967

1. Pennsylvania Question 5, Joint Election of Governor and Lieutenant Governor Amendment (May 1967)

1966

1. Massachusetts Question 2, Allow Executive Reorganization Unless Legislature Disapproves Amendment (1966)
2. Utah Proposition 8, Abolish the Board of Examiners Amendment (1966)
3. Virginia Renaming the Department, Commissioner, and Board of Agriculture and Immigration Amendment (1966)

1964

1. Maine Question 8, Gubernatorial Vacancy Filling Amendment (1964)

1963

1. New York Amendment 2, Succession Procedures and Deleting Maximum Salaries of Governor and Lieutenant Governor Amendment (1963)

1962

1. North Carolina Succession of State Executive Offices Amendment (1962)
2. Washington HJR 9, Governmental Continuity in Emergencies Amendment (1962)

1960

1. Minnesota Amendment 3, Succession Process for the Office of the Governor Amendment (1960)

1958

1. South Dakota Amendment C, Gubernatorial Succession Measure (1958)

1954

1. Minnesota Amendment 2, Gubernatorial Appoints in Case of Vacancies Amendment (1954)
2. North Carolina Establish Board of Paroles Amendment (1954)

1953

1. New York Amendment 3, Joint Election of Governor and Lieutenant Governor Amendment (1953)

1950

1. Massachusetts Question 1, Governor-Elect Term Dates and Succession Amendment (1950)
2. Utah Amendment 2, Remove the Superintendent of Public Instruction from the Executive Department Measure (1950)

1949

1. New York Amendment 1, Succession of Governor-elect Amendment (1949)

1948

1. Massachusetts Question 3, Vacancy Procedures for Certain Executive Offices Amendment (1948)
2. Michigan Proposal No. 1, Succession for the Office of Governor Amendment (1948)
3. South Dakota Amendment B, Legislative Vacancies Measure (1948)

1946

1. Connecticut Question 1, Governor-Elect Succession Procedures Amendment (1946)
2. Washington Referendum 27, State Timber Resources Board Measure (1946)

1944

1. North Carolina Commissioner Officers Amendment (1944)

1938

1. North Carolina Create the State Department of Justice Amendment (1938)

1936

1. Georgia Amendment 7, State Senate Leadership Measure (1936)
2. Utah Amendment 1, Remove the Executive Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction Measure (1936)
3. Utah Amendment 2, End Governor Appointment of the Superintendent of Public Instruction Measure (1936)
4. Utah Amendment 3, Remove the Superintendent of Public Instruction from the State Board of Education Measure (1936)

1928

1. Virginia Question 5, Selection of the Treasurer of Virginia Amendment (June 1928)

1927

1. New York Amendment 5, Head of the Executive Department Amendment (1927)

1924

1. Missouri Amendment 6, Executive Departments and Budget Process Measure (February 1924)

1920

1. Arizona Measure Nos. 102-103, Election of Members of the State Tax Commission Amendment (1920)
2. Nebraska Amendment 13, Executive Offices and Budget Amendment (September 1920)

1918

1. Massachusetts Question 19, Number of Executive and Administrative Departments Amendment (1918)
2. Massachusetts Question 8, Establish Line of Succession for Governor and Lieutenant Governor Amendment (1918)

1914

1. Missouri Proposition 12, Mayoral Appointed Board of Police Commissioners Referendum (1914)
2. Washington Initiative 6, Public Service Commission Business Regulation and Fraud Prevention Measure (1914)

1912

1. Missouri Amendment 7, Abolish the Board of Equalization Initiative (1912)
2. Nebraska Amendment 3, Board of Commissioners of State Institutions Amendment (1912)
3. Utah Amendment 6, Change Policies for Governing the Board of Equalization Measure (1912)

1910

1. Washington Gubernatorial Line of Succession and Special Election Amendment (1910)

1896

1. Nebraska Amendment 7, Executive State Officers and Terms Measure (1896)
2. Nebraska Amendment 8, Increase the Number of Executive Officers Measure (1896)

1894

1. Nevada State Question 29, Repeal Lieutenant Governor Amendment (1894)
2. Nevada State Question 30, Gubernatorial Order of Succession Amendment (1894)

1892

1. Nebraska Amendment 1, State Executive Officers Measure (1892)

1888

1. Nevada State Question 8, Repeal of Lieutenant Governor Election Amendment (1888)

1884

1. Nebraska Amendment 2, State Executive Offices Measure (1884)

1876

1. North Carolina State Constitution Revisions Amendment (1876)

1873

1. North Carolina Eliminate the Superintendent of Public Works Amendment (August 1873)

1858

1. Minnesota Amendment 2, Establish State Government Measure (April 1858)

Alabama

1. Alabama Require Lieutenant Governor Vacancies to be Filled by Election Amendment (2026) - Potential

Alaska

1. Alaska Amendment 3, Secretary of State Title Change Amendment (August 1970)

Arizona

1. Arizona Measure Nos. 102-103, Election of Members of the State Tax Commission Amendment (1920)
2. Arizona Proposition 100, Executive Department Amendment (1974)
3. Arizona Proposition 103, Corporation Commission Amendment (2000)
4. Arizona Proposition 105, Corporation Commission Amendment (1968)

Arkansas

1. Arkansas Gubernatorial Power When Governor is Absent from State, Issue 2 (2016)

California

1. California Eliminate State Officer Recall Successor Elections Amendment (2026) - On the ballot

Connecticut

1. Connecticut Question 1, Governor-Elect Succession Procedures Amendment (1946)
2. Connecticut Question 2, Establish a Procedure for the Lieutenant-Governor to Act as Governor Amendment (1984)
3. Connecticut Question 3, Creation of a Criminal Justice Commission Amendment (1984)

Florida

1. Florida Amendment 4, Elimination of the Executive Cabinet Amendment (1978)
2. Florida Amendment 8, State Executive Officers and Cabinet Amendment (1998)

Georgia

1. Georgia Amendment 7, State Senate Leadership Measure (1936)

Indiana

1. Indiana Remove Superintendent of Public Instruction from Gubernatorial Line of Succession Amendment (2024)
2. Indiana State Comptroller Title Amendment (2028) - Potential

Iowa

1. Iowa Amendment 2, Gubernatorial Succession Amendment (2024)

Louisiana

1. Louisiana Twenty-One Executive Departments, Amendment 11 (2014)

Maine

1. Maine Question 5, Gubernatorial Incapacity Amendment (1975)
2. Maine Question 6, Abolition of Executive Council and Notary Public Amendment (1975)
3. Maine Question 8, Gubernatorial Vacancy Filling Amendment (1964)

Massachusetts

1. Massachusetts Question 1, Governor-Elect Term Dates and Succession Amendment (1950)
2. Massachusetts Question 19, Number of Executive and Administrative Departments Amendment (1918)
3. Massachusetts Question 2, Allow Executive Reorganization Unless Legislature Disapproves Amendment (1966)
4. Massachusetts Question 3, Governor Inability to Perform Duties Amendment (1968)
5. Massachusetts Question 3, Vacancy Procedures for Certain Executive Offices Amendment (1948)
6. Massachusetts Question 8, Establish Line of Succession for Governor and Lieutenant Governor Amendment (1918)

Michigan

1. Michigan Proposal No. 1, Succession for the Office of Governor Amendment (1948)

Minnesota

1. Minnesota Amendment 2, Abolishing the Office of State Treasurer Amendment (1998)
2. Minnesota Amendment 2, Establish State Government Measure (April 1858)
3. Minnesota Amendment 2, Gubernatorial Appoints in Case of Vacancies Amendment (1954)
4. Minnesota Amendment 3, Joint Election of Governor and Lieutenant Governor Amendment (1972)
5. Minnesota Amendment 3, Succession Process for the Office of the Governor Amendment (1960)

Missouri

1. Missouri Amendment 1, Gubernatorial Line of Succession and Board to Determine Governor's Ability to Serve Measure (August 1968)
2. Missouri Amendment 5, Department of Aging Measure (1996)
3. Missouri Amendment 5, Department of the National Guard Amendment (2022)
4. Missouri Amendment 6, Executive Departments and Budget Process Measure (February 1924)
5. Missouri Amendment 7, Abolish the Board of Equalization Initiative (1912)
6. Missouri Proposition 12, Mayoral Appointed Board of Police Commissioners Referendum (1914)

Montana

1. Montana Executive Department Allocation Amendment (1970)
2. Montana State Auditor, C-43 (2006)
3. Montana State Auditor Renaming Amendment, C-45 (2014)

Nebraska

1. Nebraska Amendment 1, State Executive Officers Measure (1892)
2. Nebraska Amendment 13, Executive Offices and Budget Amendment (September 1920)
3. Nebraska Amendment 2, Abolish the Office of State Treasurer Measure (2010)
4. Nebraska Amendment 2, Presiding Officer of the Legislature Amendment (May 1974)
5. Nebraska Amendment 2, State Executive Offices Measure (1884)
6. Nebraska Amendment 3, Board of Commissioners of State Institutions Amendment (1912)
7. Nebraska Amendment 6, Change Presiding Officer of Legislature Measure (May 1998)
8. Nebraska Amendment 7, Executive State Officers and Terms Measure (1896)
9. Nebraska Amendment 8, Increase the Number of Executive Officers Measure (1896)

Nevada

1. Nevada State Question 29, Repeal Lieutenant Governor Amendment (1894)
2. Nevada State Question 30, Gubernatorial Order of Succession Amendment (1894)
3. Nevada State Question 8, Repeal of Lieutenant Governor Election Amendment (1888)

New York

1. New York Amendment 1, Succession of Governor-elect Amendment (1949)
2. New York Amendment 2, Succession Procedures and Deleting Maximum Salaries of Governor and Lieutenant Governor Amendment (1963)
3. New York Amendment 3, Joint Election of Governor and Lieutenant Governor Amendment (1953)
4. New York Amendment 5, Head of the Executive Department Amendment (1927)

North Carolina

1. North Carolina Commissioner Officers Amendment (1944)
2. North Carolina Create the State Department of Justice Amendment (1938)
3. North Carolina Eliminate the Superintendent of Public Works Amendment (August 1873)
4. North Carolina Establish Board of Paroles Amendment (1954)
5. North Carolina Office of District Attorney Amendment (1974)
6. North Carolina Reduce Number of State Administrative Departments Amendment (1970)
7. North Carolina State Constitution Revisions Amendment (1876)
8. North Carolina Succession of State Executive Offices Amendment (1962)

North Dakota

1. North Dakota Amendment 1, Lieutenant Governor as Presiding Officer Amendment (June 1990)
2. North Dakota Amendment 1, State Government Reorganization Amendment (December 1989)
3. North Dakota Amendment 3, Removal of State Treasurer as an Elected Constitutinal Officer (June 2000)
4. North Dakota Amendment 4, Executive Branch Article Amendment (June 1996)
5. North Dakota Amendment 4, State Auditor in Legislative Branch Amendment (1990)
6. North Dakota Commission of Higher Education Amendment, Measure 3 (2014)

Oregon

1. Oregon Measure 78, Government Branches Amendment (2012)

Pennsylvania

1. Pennsylvania Question 5, Joint Election of Governor and Lieutenant Governor Amendment (May 1967)

South Dakota

1. South Dakota Amendment A, Duties of the Lieutenant Governor Measure (1986)
2. South Dakota Amendment B, Executive Reorganization Measure (1972)
3. South Dakota Amendment B, Legislative Vacancies Measure (1948)
4. South Dakota Amendment C, Gubernatorial Succession Measure (1958)
5. South Dakota Amendment E, Appointment of the Superintendent of Public Instruction Measure (1968)
6. South Dakota Amendment E, Term Limits Measure (1970)

Texas

1. Texas Proposition 8, Adjutant General Amendment (1999)

Utah

1. Utah Amendment 1, Remove the Executive Office of the Superintendent of Public Instruction Measure (1936)
2. Utah Amendment 2, End Governor Appointment of the Superintendent of Public Instruction Measure (1936)
3. Utah Amendment 2, Remove the Superintendent of Public Instruction from the Executive Department Measure (1950)
4. Utah Amendment 3, Remove the Superintendent of Public Instruction from the State Board of Education Measure (1936)
5. Utah Amendment 6, Change Policies for Governing the Board of Equalization Measure (1912)
6. Utah Amendment A, Change the Process for Vacancies in Executive Offices Measure (2008)
7. Utah Amendment B, Modify Election and Appointment Requirements for Lieutenant Governor Measure (2014)
8. Utah Proposition 1, Revise the Executive Article Amendment (1974)
9. Utah Proposition 1, Revise the Executive Article Amendment (1980)
10. Utah Proposition 3, Revise the Executive Article Amendment (1992)
11. Utah Proposition 8, Abolish the Board of Examiners Amendment (1966)

Vermont

1. Vermont Four-Year Terms for State Constitutional Officers (1974)

Virginia

1. Virginia Question 1, Constitutional Revision Amendment (1970)
2. Virginia Question 5, Selection of the Treasurer of Virginia Amendment (June 1928)
3. Virginia Renaming the Department, Commissioner, and Board of Agriculture and Immigration Amendment (1966)

Washington

1. Washington Gubernatorial Line of Succession and Special Election Amendment (1910)
2. Washington HJR 64, Home-Rule Charter Drafting Agency Amendment (1976)
3. Washington HJR 9, Governmental Continuity in Emergencies Amendment (1962)
4. Washington Initiative 6, Public Service Commission Business Regulation and Fraud Prevention Measure (1914)
5. Washington Initiative 775, Establish the Home Care Quality Authority Measure (2001)
6. Washington Referendum 27, State Timber Resources Board Measure (1946)
7. Washington Referendum 36, State Officer Financial Reports Measure (1976)
8. Washington Referendum 40, Establishment of State Women's Commission Measure (1977)

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