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Presidential election in Nebraska, 2024

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2028
2020
Nebraska
2024 presidential election
Voting in Nebraska

Democratic primary: May 14, 2024
Democratic winner: Joe Biden (D)


Republican primary: May 14, 2024
Republican winner: Donald Trump (R)


Electoral College: Five votes
2024 winner: Donald Trump (R) (4 votes)
Kamala Harris (D) (1 vote)
2020 winner: Donald Trump (R) (4 votes)
Joe Biden (D) (1 vote)
2016 winner: Donald Trump (R)
2012 winner: Mitt Romney (R)


Use the dropdown menu below to read more about the presidential election in each state



Former President Donald Trump (R) won four of Nebraska's electoral votes in the presidential election on November 5, 2024. Trump is projected to win statewide and in Nebraska's 3rd and 1st Congressional Districts. Vice President Kamala Harris (D) won one electoral vote in Nebraska's 2nd Congressional District. Trump won the 2024 presidential election with 312 electoral votes to Vice President Kamala Harris' (D) 226.

The Democratic and Republican Parties held primary elections on May 14, 2024.[1] Joe Biden (D) won the Democratic primary, and Donald Trump (R) won the Republican primary.

Nebraska was one of two states (alongside New Mexico) to have five votes in the Electoral College, making it tied for 36th-most. The Republican presidential candidate won the statewide vote in every election between 1968 and 2020; the last Democrat to carry the state was Lyndon B. Johnson (D). Between 1900 and 2020, Nebraska backed the Republican presidential candidate in 80.6% of elections and the Democratic candidate in 19.4%.

This page includes the following sections:

Candidates and election results

General election


Presidential election in Nebraska, 2024
 
Candidate/Running mate
%
Popular votes
Electoral votes
Image of
Image of
Donald Trump/J.D. Vance (R)
 
59.3
 
564,816 4
Image of
Image of
Kamala D. Harris/Tim Walz (D)
 
38.9
 
369,995 1
Image of
Image of
Chase Oliver/Mike ter Maat (L)
 
0.7
 
6,399 0
Cornel West/Melina Abdullah (Legal Marijuana Now Party)
 
0.3
3,062 0
Image of
Image of
Jill Stein/Samson LeBeau Kpadenou (Independent)
 
0.3
 
2,887 0
  Other write-in votes
 
0.5
 
5,023 0

Total votes: 952,182


Primary election

Nebraska Democratic presidential primary on May 14, 2024
 
Candidate
%
Votes
Pledged delegates
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/Official_portrait_of_Vice_President_Joe_Biden.jpg
Joe Biden
 
90.2
 
84,677 28
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/DEAN_PHILLIPS_RESIZE.jpg
Dean Phillips
 
9.8
 
9,199 1

Total votes: 93,876 • Total pledged delegates: 29


Nebraska Republican presidential primary on May 14, 2024
 
Candidate
%
Votes
Pledged delegates
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/473px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Donald_Trump.jpg
Donald Trump
 
79.9
 
167,968 36
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/Nikki_Haley_official_Transition_portrait.jpg
Nikki Haley
 
18.2
 
38,246 0
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/PerryJohnson.jpg
Perry Johnson
 
1.9
 
3,902 0

Total votes: 210,116 • Total pledged delegates: 36


Nebraska Libertarian presidential primary on May 14, 2024
 
Candidate
%
Votes
Pledged delegates
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/ChaseOliver.jpg
Chase Oliver
 
27.3
 
294 0
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Charles Ballay
 
22.0
 
237 0
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/Hornberger1.jpg
Jacob Hornberger
 
17.8
 
192 0
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Lars Mapstead
 
16.0
 
172 0
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Michael D. Rectenwald
 
11.0
 
119 0
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/MiketerMaat.jpg
Mike ter Maat
 
5.9
 
64 0

Total votes: 1,078 • Total pledged delegates: 0


Voting information

See also: Voting in Nebraska

Election information in Nebraska: Nov. 5, 2024, election.

What was the voter registration deadline?

  • In-person: Oct. 25, 2024
  • By mail: Postmarked by Oct. 18, 2024
  • Online: Oct. 18, 2024

Was absentee/mail-in voting available to all voters?

Yes

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot request deadline?

  • In-person: Oct. 25, 2024
  • By mail: Received by Oct. 25, 2024
  • Online: Oct. 25, 2024

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot return deadline?

  • In-person: Nov. 5, 2024
  • By mail: Received by Nov. 5, 2024

Was early voting available to all voters?

Yes

What were the early voting start and end dates?

Oct. 7, 2024 to Nov. 4, 2024

Were all voters required to present ID at the polls? If so, was a photo or non-photo ID required?

N/A

When were polls open on Election Day?

8:00 a.m. - 8:00 p.m. (CST)


Race ratings, polling, and prediction markets

Race ratings

The map below displays presidential race ratings in each state. These ratings are generated by averaging the ratings from The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, and Sabato's Crystal Ball. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:

  • Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
  • Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
  • Lean and Tilt ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.
  • Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.

Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[2][3][4]

Polling

The chart below displays national polling averages for the 2024 presidential election from RealClearPolitics.

Prediction markets

The section below displays national PredictIt share prices and RealClearPolitics prediction market averages for the 2024 presidential election.

What is a prediction market?

Prediction markets allow users to purchase shares relating to the outcome of events using real money. Each event, such as an election, has a number of contracts associated with it, each correlating to a different outcome. For instance, an election contested between four candidates would be represented by eight separate contracts, with each contract correlating to a particular candidate winning or losing the election.

The share price in each individual forecast rises and falls based on market demand. Once the event's outcome is decided, holders of shares that correlate with the correct outcome receive a payout for each share they held.

For example, a user buys 10 shares at 20 cents each in a presidential primary saying Candidate A will win. If Candidate A wins the election, the user earns $10. If the candidate loses, the user earns no money and loses his original $2 investment.

Why do prediction markets matter?

Prediction markets can be used to gain insight into the outcome of elections. Microsoft Research economist David Rothschild argued that they are better suited to the task than polls: "I can create a poll that can mimic everything about a prediction market...except markets have a way of incentivizing you to come back at 2 a.m. and update your answer."[5][6][7]

PredictIt


The chart below shows 2024 presidential general election open share prices over time.[8]

RealClearPolitics prediction market averages


Electoral vote allocation in Nebraska

See also: Electoral College

Article II, Section 1, of the United States Constitution provides that the President of the United States is elected by the Electoral College via majority vote in a single-winner contest. Of the 50 states, all but two award all of their presidential electors to the presidential candidate who wins the popular vote in the state. Maine and Nebraska each award two of their electors to the candidate who wins a plurality of the statewide vote, while the remaining electors are allocated to the winners of the plurality vote in the states' congressional districts.[9]

Nebraska implemented this method of electoral vote allocation in 1992. Heading into the 2024 presidential election, this allocation method had resulted in split votes twice. The first time was in 2008, when Barack Obama (D) won one electoral vote in Nebraska's 2nd Congressional District and John McCain (R) won the rest of the state's electoral votes. The second time was in 2020, when Joe Biden (D) won one electoral vote in Nebraska's 2nd and Donald Trump (R) won the rest of the state's electoral votes.[10]

Previous presidential election results and analysis

See also: Presidential voting history by state and Presidential voting trends by state

Nebraska presidential election results (1900-2020)

Scroll to the right in the box below to view more recent presidential election results.

  • 6 Democratic wins
  • 25 Republican wins
Year 1900 1904 1908 1912 1916 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936 1940 1944 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020
Winning Party R R D D D R R R D D R R R R R R D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R


Below is an analysis of Nebraska's voting record in presidential elections. The state's accuracy is based on the number of times a state has voted for a winning presidential candidate. The majority of statistical data is from the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration and was compiled, here, by Ballotpedia, unless otherwise noted.

Between 1900 and 2020:

  • Nebraska participated in 31 presidential elections.
  • Nebraska voted for the winning presidential candidate 64.5 percent of the time. The average accuracy of voting for winning presidential candidates for all 50 states in this time frame was 71.26 percent.[11]
  • Nebraska voted Democratic 19.4 percent of the time and Republican 80.6 percent of the time.

Recent statewide results

2020

General election


Presidential election in Nebraska, 2020
 
Candidate/Running mate
%
Popular votes
Electoral votes
Image of
Image of
Donald Trump/Mike Pence (R)
 
58.5
 
556,846 4
Image of
Image of
Joe Biden/Kamala D. Harris (D)
 
39.4
 
374,583 1
Image of
Image of
Jo Jorgensen/Spike Cohen (L)
 
2.1
 
20,283 0

Total votes: 951,712


Primary election

Nebraska Democratic presidential primary on May 12, 2020
 
Candidate
%
Votes
Pledged delegates
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/Official_portrait_of_Vice_President_Joe_Biden.jpg
Joe Biden
 
76.8
 
126,444 29
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/Bernie_Sanders.jpg
Bernie Sanders
 
14.1
 
23,214 0
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/Elizabeth_Warren--Official_113th_Congressional_Portrait--.jpg
Elizabeth Warren
 
6.3
 
10,401 0
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/TulsiGabbardReplace.jpg
Tulsi Gabbard
 
2.7
 
4,523 0

Total votes: 164,582 • Total pledged delegates: 29


Nebraska Republican presidential primary on May 12, 2020
 
Candidate
%
Votes
Pledged delegates
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/473px-Official_Portrait_of_President_Donald_Trump.jpg
Donald Trump
 
91.4
 
243,721 36
Image of https://s3.amazonaws.com/ballotpedia-api4/files/thumbs/100/100/Bill_Weld_campaign_portrait.jpg
Bill Weld
 
8.6
 
22,934 0

Total votes: 266,655 • Total pledged delegates: 36


Recent county-level results

How a state's counties vote in a presidential election and the size of those counties can provide additional insights into election outcomes at other levels of government including statewide and congressional races. Below, four categories are used to describe each county's voting pattern over the 2012, 2016, and 2020 presidential elections: Solid, Trending, Battleground, and New. Click [show] on the table below for examples:


Following the 2020 presidential election, 53.4% of Nebraskans lived in one of the state's 90 Solid Republican counties, which voted for the Republican presidential candidate in every election from 2012 to 2020, and 46.2% lived in one of two Trending Democratic counties: Douglas and Lancaster. Overall, Nebraska was Solid Republican, having voted for Mitt Romney (R) in 2012, Donald Trump (R) in 2016, and Donald Trump (R) in 2020. Use the table below to view the total number of each type of county in Nebraska following the 2020 election as well as the overall percentage of the state population located in each county type.

Presidential elections by state decided by 5 percentage points or less

See also: Presidential statewide margins of victory of 5 percentage points or fewer, 1948-2020

The following map shows the number of times, in presidential elections held between 1948 and 2020, that the margin of victory was 5 percentage points or fewer in each state.

  • Wisconsin was the state with the most frequently narrow margins during this time period, appearing on the list in 11 presidential elections.
  • Three states appeared nine times: Florida, Nevada, and Pennsylvania.
  • The state with the narrowest margin of victory was Florida in 2000 at 537 votes or one-hundredth of a percentage point.

Effect of the 2020 census on electoral votes

Every ten years, the United States conducts the census, a complete count of the U.S. population. The data gleaned from the census process is used to determine several things, including legislative district lines, a state's number of U.S. House representatives, and the number of votes a state has in the Electoral College.

The 2024 presidential election was the first presidential election to take place using the electoral vote counts produced by the 2020 census. Six states gained votes in the Electoral College, while seven states lost votes. See the table below for exact figures.

Electoral votes gained and lost after the 2020 census
State Votes gained (new total) State Votes lost (new total)
Texas +2 (40) California -1 (54)
Colorado +1 (10) Illinois -1 (19)
Florida +1 (30) Michigan -1 (15)
Montana +1 (4) New York -1 (28)
North Carolina +1 (16) Ohio -1 (17)
Oregon +1 (8) Pennsylvania -1 (19)
West Virginia -1 (4)


Noteworthy events

Letter calling for change to Nebraska's electoral vote allocation method (2024)

See also: Electoral College

Heading into the 2024 presidential election, several noteworthy officeholders expressed support for changing Nebraska's method of electoral vote allocation to a winner-take-all system. In 2024, Nebraska allocated two of its electoral votes based on the statewide presidential election results, and the other three based on election results in each congressional district. Nebraska was one of two states, along with Maine, that did not allocate its electoral votes with a winner-take-all system.

On September 18, 2024, U.S. Sens. Deb Fischer (R-Neb.), Pete Ricketts (R-Neb.), and U.S. Reps. Mike Flood (R-Neb.), Don Bacon (R-Neb.), and Adrian Smith (R-Neb.) signed a letter calling on Nebraska Governor Jim Pillen (R) and Nebraska State Senate Speaker John Arch (R) to change Nebraska's electoral vote allocation system to winner-take-all. The letter said, "Senators and Governors are elected by the state as a whole because they represent all of the people of Nebraska equally, and the state should speak with a united voice in presidential elections as well."[12] Both Gov. Pillen and Senate Speaker Arch had previously expressed support for such legislation.[13] As of September 20, 2024, Pillen had not called the legislature into a special session to address the proposal.

On September 23, 2024, Nebraska State Sen. Mike McDonnell (R), whose support was needed to pass the bill, announced he would not support it. In a statement, McDonnell said, "I have taken time to listen carefully to Nebraskans and national leaders on both sides of the issue. After deep consideration, it is clear to me that right now, 43 days from Election Day, is not the moment to make this change."[14]

The Nebraska State Legislature proposed a bill that sought to change the state's method of allocating electoral votes to a winner-take-all system earlier in the year. The bill did not pass in the state legislature during the 2024 regular session, failing to clear a procedural vote in April 2024. Eight legislators voted in favor of introducing the legislation.[13]

Presidential election endorsements in Nebraska

See also: Presidential election endorsements, 2024

The section below displays current and former party leaders, governors and other state executives, members of Congress, mayors of large cities, and state legislative majority and minority leaders in Nebraska who issued an endorsement in the 2024 presidential election. See something we missed? Email us.

Presidential endorsements by Nebraska elected officials and party leaders, 2024
Name State Party Candidate Date
Deb Fischer NE Republican Party Donald Trump January 23, 2024 source
Pete Ricketts NE Republican Party Donald Trump March 6, 2024 source
Don Bacon NE Republican Party Donald Trump March 6, 2024 source
Mike Flood NE Republican Party Donald Trump February 6, 2024 source
Adrian Smith NE Republican Party Donald Trump May 11, 2024 source


Democratic primary

See also: Democratic presidential nomination, 2024
HIGHLIGHTS
  • Joe Biden (D) won the Nebraska Democratic primary on May 14, 2024.[15]
  • Nebraska had an estimated 34 delegates comprised of 29 pledged delegates and 5 superdelegates. Delegate allocation was proportional.[16]
  • The Democratic primary was semi-closed, meaning only registered Democrats and unaffiliated voters were able to vote in the election.[17]
  • The Democratic Party selected Vice President Kamala Harris (D) as its nominee during a virtual roll call vote on August 2, 2024, ahead of the in-person 2024 Democratic National Convention, which took place from August 19-22, 2024, in Chicago, Illinois.[18][19][20][21][22]

    Joe Biden (D) withdrew from the presidential race on July 21, 2024.[23] Biden crossed the majority delegate threshold necessary to win the Democratic nomination on March 12, 2024, which made him the presumptive Democratic nominee.

    Before the national convention, individual state caucuses and primaries were held to allocate convention delegates. To read more about the 2024 primary schedule click here. These delegates, along with superdelegates who come from the party leadership, voted at the virtual roll call to select the nominee.

    Republican primary

    See also: Republican presidential nomination, 2024
    HIGHLIGHTS
  • Donald Trump (R) won the Nebraska Republican primary on May 14, 2024.[24]
  • Nebraska had an estimated 36 delegates. Delegate allocation was winner-take-all.[25]
  • The Republican primary was closed, meaning only registered Republicans were able to vote in the election.[26]
  • The Republican Party selected former President Donald Trump (R) as its 2024 presidential nominee at the 2024 Republican National Convention, which was held from July 15-18, 2024, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

    Before the convention, each state, Washington, D.C., and five U.S. territories held a primary, caucus, or convention to decide how to allocate delegates at the national convention. These nominating events began in January and ended in June. Trump crossed the delegate threshold necessary to win the nomination—1,215—on March 12, 2024.

    Republican presidential candidates participated in five primary debates, with the first being held held in August 2023 and the last in January 2024.[27] Trump did not participate in any of the debates.

    Trump was the sixth U.S. president to run for re-election to non-consecutive terms.[28] Grover Cleveland (D), the 22nd and 24th president of the United States, is the only president who has been elected to non-consecutive terms. Before Trump's 2024 campaign, the most recent former president to run for non-consecutive terms was Theodore Roosevelt (R), who sought re-election in 1912 as a Progressive Party candidate after leaving office in 1909.

    Candidate filing requirements

    See also: Ballot access requirements for presidential candidates in Nebraska

    The tables below detail filing requirements for presidential candidates in Nebraska in the 2024 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Nebraska, click here.

    Presidential primary candidates

    Filing requirements for presidential primary candidates in Nebraska, 2024
    State Party Signatures required Signature formula Filing fee Filing fee formula Filing deadline Source
    Nebraska Major parties[29] 300 100 signatures from registered party members in each congressional district N/A N/A 3/14/2024 Source, Source

    Independent presidential candidates

    Filing requirements for independent candidates in Nebraska, 2024
    State Signatures required Signature formula Filing fee Filing fee formula Filing deadline Source
    Nebraska 2,500 Fixed by statute N/A N/A 8/1/2024 Source

    About the state

    Click the tabs below to view information about demographics, past elections, and partisan control of the state.

    • Statewide elections - Information about recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections in the state.
    • State partisanship - The partisan makeup of the state's congressional delegation and state government.
    • Demographics - Information about the state's demographics and how they compare to the country as a whole.


    This section details the results of the five most recent U.S. Senate and gubernatorial elections held in the state.

    U.S. Senate elections

    See also: List of United States Senators from Nebraska

    The table below details the vote in the five most recent U.S. Senate races in Nebraska.

    U.S. Senate election results in Nebraska
    Race Winner Runner up
    2020 62.7%Republican Party 24.4%Democratic Party
    2018 57.7%Republican Party 38.6%Democratic Party
    2014 64.4%Republican Party 31.5%Democratic Party
    2012 57.8%Republican Party 42.2%Democratic Party
    2008 57.5%Republican Party 40.1%Democratic Party
    Average 60.0 35.4

    Gubernatorial elections

    See also: Governor of Nebraska

    The table below details the vote in the five most recent gubernatorial elections in Nebraska.

    Gubernatorial election results in Nebraska
    Race Winner Runner up
    2022 59.2%Republican Party 36.0%Democratic Party
    2018 59.0%Republican Party 41.0%Democratic Party
    2014 57.2%Republican Party 39.2%Democratic Party
    2010 73.9%Republican Party 26.1%Democratic Party
    2006 73.4%Republican Party 24.5%Democratic Party
    Average 66.4 31.7
    See also: Party control of Nebraska state government

    Congressional delegation

    The table below displays the partisan composition of Nebraska's congressional delegation as of May 2024.

    Congressional Partisan Breakdown from Nebraska
    Party U.S. Senate U.S. House Total
    Democratic 0 0 0
    Republican 2 3 5
    Independent 0 0 0
    Vacancies 0 0 0
    Total 2 3 5

    State executive

    The table below displays the officeholders in Nebraska's top four state executive offices as of May 2024.

    State executive officials in Nebraska, May 2024
    Office Officeholder
    Governor Republican Party Jim Pillen
    Lieutenant Governor Republican Party Joe Kelly
    Secretary of State Republican Party Bob Evnen
    Attorney General Republican Party Mike Hilgers

    State legislature

    Nebraska State Senate

    Party As of February 2024
         Democratic Party 16
         Republican Party 32
         Independent 0
         Vacancies 1
         Other 0
    Total 49

    Trifecta control

    The table below shows the state's trifecta status from 1992 until the 2024 election.

    Nebraska Party Control: 1992-2024
    Seven years of Democratic trifectas  •  Twenty-six years of Republican trifectas
    Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

    Year 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
    Governor D D D D D D D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
    Senate - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

    The table below details demographic data in Nebraska and compares it to the broader United States as of 2022.

    Demographic Data for Nebraska
    Nebraska United States
    Population 1,961,504 331,449,281
    Land area (sq mi) 76,814 3,531,905
    Race and ethnicity**
    White 81.8% 65.9%
    Black/African American 4.8% 12.5%
    Asian 2.5% 5.8%
    Native American 0.9% 0.8%
    Pacific Islander 0.1% 0.2%
    Other (single race) 3.5% 6%
    Multiple 6.3% 8.8%
    Hispanic/Latino 11.8% 18.7%
    Education
    High school graduation rate 91.9% 89.1%
    College graduation rate 33.5% 34.3%
    Income
    Median household income $71,722 $75,149
    Persons below poverty level 6.7% 8.8%
    Source: population provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "Decennial Census" (2020). Other figures provided by U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2017-2022).
    **Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.

    Presidential election by state

    See also: Presidential election by state, 2024

    Click on a state below to navigate to information about the presidential election in that jurisdiction.

    https://ballotpedia.org/Presidential_election_in_STATE,_2024

    See also

    Presidential election by state, 2016-2024
    Use the dropdown menu below to navigate Ballotpedia's historical coverage of the presidential election in each state.
    Additional reading




    Footnotes

    1. Nebraska Secretary of State, "Elections Division," accessed May 15, 2023
    2. Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
    3. Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
    4. Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
    5. Nature, "The power of prediction markets," October 18, 2016
    6. Politico, "Meet the 'stock market' for politics," October 31, 2014
    7. U.S. Presidential General Election Results, "2008 Electoral Map Based on the Intrade Prediction Market," accessed January 25, 2018
    8. PredictIt, "Who will win the 2024 US presidential election?" accessed December 16, 2022
    9. United States Constitution, "Article II, Section 1," accessed July 7, 2017
    10. 270 To Win, "Nebraska," accessed September 26, 2024
    11. This average includes states like Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklahoma, which did not participate in all 30 presidential elections between 1900 and 2020. It does not include Washington, D.C., which cast votes for president for the first time in 1964, or Alaska and Hawaii, which cast votes for president for the first time in 1960.
    12. X, "Mike Flood on September 18, 2024," accessed September 20, 2024
    13. 13.0 13.1 The Hill, "Nebraska lawmakers overwhelmingly reject Trump-backed ‘winner-take-all’ electoral system," April 4, 2024
    14. Nebraska Examiner, "State Sen. Mike McDonnell deflates GOP hopes for Nebraska winner-take-all in 2024," September 23, 2024
    15. Nebraska Secretary of State, "Elections Division," accessed May 15, 2023
    16. The Green Papers, "Nebraska Democrat," accessed May 15, 2023
    17. The Green Papers, "Nebraska Democrat," accessed May 15, 2023
    18. USA Today, "Harris makes history as first Black woman, Asian American presidential nominee," August 2, 2024
    19. ABC News, "DNC to nominate Biden and Harris to bypass Ohio ballot issues," May 28, 2024
    20. The New York Times, "Democrats Set Aug. 1 for Harris Nomination Vote," July 24, 2024
    21. CBS News, "Kamala Harris closer to being nominee as DNC approves early virtual roll call vote," July 24, 2024
    22. DNC, "DNC and DNCC Chairs Announce Results of Presidential Nominating Petition Process and Opening of Virtual Roll Call on August 1," July 30, 2024
    23. X, "Biden on July 21, 2024," accessed July 21, 2024
    24. Nebraska Secretary of State, "Elections Division," accessed May 15, 2023
    25. The Green Papers, "Nebraska Republican," accessed May 15, 2023
    26. The Green Papers, "Nebraska Republican," accessed May 15, 2023
    27. The Hill, "RNC votes to hold first presidential debate in Milwaukee," February 23, 2023
    28. Pew Research Center, "Few former presidents have run for their old jobs – or anything else – after leaving office,' November 16, 2022
    29. Note: State statutes provide that the secretary of state can place candidates on the ballot who are "generally advocated or recognized as candidates in national news media."