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New York's 16th Congressional District election, 2020 (June 23 Democratic primary)
- Primary date: June 23
- Primary type: Closed; semi-closed (Reform)
- Registration deadline(s): May 29 (hand-delivered, postmarked); June 3 (post received)
- Online registration: Yes
- Same-day registration: No
- Early voting starts: June 13
- Absentee/mail voting deadline(s): June 23 (submitted)
- Voter ID: No ID
- Poll times: Varies by locality
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| New York's 16th Congressional District |
|---|
 |
| Democratic primary Republican primary General election |
| Election details |
| Filing deadline: April 2, 2020 |
| Primary: June 23, 2020 General: November 3, 2020 Pre-election incumbent: Eliot Engel (Democratic) |
| How to vote |
| Poll times: 6 a.m. to 9 p.m. (general elections); primary times vary by county Voting in New York |
| Race ratings |
Inside Elections: Solid Democratic Sabato's Crystal Ball: Safe Democratic |
| Ballotpedia analysis |
| U.S. Senate battlegrounds U.S. House battlegrounds Federal and state primary competitiveness Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2020 |
| See also |
1st • 2nd • 3rd • 4th • 5th • 6th • 7th • 8th • 9th • 10th • 11th • 12th • 13th • 14th • 15th • 16th • 17th • 18th • 19th • 20th • 21st • 22nd • 23rd • 24th • 25th • 26th • 27th New York elections, 2020 U.S. Congress elections, 2020 U.S. Senate elections, 2020 U.S. House elections, 2020 |
Jamaal Bowman defeated incumbent Eliot Engel in the Democratic primary for New York's 16th Congressional District on June 23, 2020. Bowman received 56% of the vote to Engel's 40%. Chris Fink, Sammy Ravelo, and Andom Ghebreghiorgis, who unofficially withdrew from the race but appeared on the ballot, each received 2% of the vote or less. Bowman advanced to the district's general election on November 3, 2020.
Engel and Bowman led the candidate field in endorsements and fundraising. According to Politico on June 14, "The race has become something of a proxy war between the Democratic establishment — most of which is lined up firmly behind Engel — and insurgents like [U.S. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez] and Justice Democrats, a progressive group that is backing Bowman."[1]
Engel, who was first elected in 1988, said he had "earned a reputation as an effective Member of Congress who knows how to get results."[2] He received endorsements from former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton (D), U.S. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.), and the Congressional Black Caucus. He emphasized his record in Congress and said that Bowman had "little history of involvement in our community and is not a real Democrat."[3]
Bowman, a former middle school principal, was endorsed by U.S. Sens. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) and Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.) and U.S. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-N.Y.). He said that Engel had "been in Congress for thirty years. During that time, he has voted for the war in Iraq, deregulating Wall Street, and building more prisons at a time we needed resources in the community for our children and families."[4]
According to campaign finance reports covering through June 3, Engel led in fundraising with $2 million, followed by Bowman with $971,000, Fink with $150,000, and Ravelo with $48,000.[5]
Major independent observers rated the general election as Solid Democratic or Safe Democratic. Click here to learn more about what was at stake in the general election.
Click on candidate names below to view their key messages:
 Engel |
 Bowman |
For more information about the Republican primary, click here.
For more information about the general election, click here.
Election procedure changes in 2020
Ballotpedia provided comprehensive coverage of how election dates and procedures changed in 2020. While the majority of changes occurred as a result of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, some changes occurred for other reasons.
New York modified its primary election process as follows:
- Election postponements: The presidential preference primary was postponed from April 28 to June 23.
- Candidate filing procedures: Petition signature requirements for primary candidates was reduced.
- Voting procedures: All votes were allowed to cast their ballots by mail in the primary election. All eligible voters were sent absentee ballot applications. The absentee ballot submission deadline was extended to June 23.
For a full timeline about election modifications made in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, click here.
Candidates and election results
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 16
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ |  | Jamaal Bowman  | 55.4 | 49,367 |
 | Eliot Engel | 40.6 | 36,149 | |
 | Chris Fink | 1.8 | 1,625 | |
 | Sammy Ravelo | 1.3 | 1,139 | |
 | Andom Ghebreghiorgis (Unofficially withdrew) | 0.9 | 761 | |
| Other/Write-in votes | 0.1 | 97 | ||
| Total votes: 89,138 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Kenneth Belvin (D)
Candidate profiles
This section includes candidate profiles created in one of two ways. Either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey or Ballotpedia staff created a profile after identifying the candidate as noteworthy.[6] Ballotpedia staff compiled profiles based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office: None
Biography: Bowman received a master's degree in counselor education from Mercy College and an EdD in organizational leadership from Manhattanville College. As of his 2020 campaign, Bowman's professional history included working as a middle school principal and teacher.
Show sources
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House New York District 16 in 2020.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: Yes
Political Office:
U.S. House New York District 16 (Assumed office: 2013)
U.S. House New York District 17 (1993-2013)
U.S. House New York District 19 (1989-1993)
New York State Assembly (1977-1988)
Biography: Engel received a B.A. and M.A. from City University of New York and graduated from New York Law School with a J.D. Prior to entering politics, Engel was a New York City public school teacher and guidance counselor.
Show sources
Sources: Eliot Engel 2020 campaign website, "His Story," accessed June 14, 2020, Eliot Engel 2020 campaign website, "The Bowman Record," accessed June 14, 2020; Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, "ENGEL, Eliot Lance (1947-)," accessed June 14, 2020, U.S. Representative Eliot L. Engel, "Biography," accessed June 14, 2020
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House New York District 16 in 2020.
Party: Democratic Party
Incumbent: No
Political Office: None
Submitted Biography: "My name is Chris Fink. I have lived in our district for 18 years. I am a product of the NYS public school system from kindergarten through law school. I grew up the son of a Con Edison lineman and put myself through college and law school. I practiced law for 7 years representing cities, states and municipalities. For the past 28 years I have been a public finance investment banker advising local and state governments across the United States on over 700 infrastructure projects that include vital public services such as schools, roads, hospitals, water and wastewater treatment facilities, bridges, public buildings, industrial development improvements, single and multi-family housing and electric power. For the past 17 years I have led both the Municipal Energy Group and the Southeast Public Finance Group at Bank of America Merrill Lynch. Over the last 9 years, my department has finished each year as the #1 ranked firm in the municipal industry. Representing municipalities for my entire career, I have come to understand what it takes to get things done in the public sector. I will use this experience to fix the problems that exist in our district and our country."
This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House New York District 16 in 2020.
Noteworthy primary endorsements
This section includes noteworthy endorsements issued in the primary, added as we learn about them. Click here to read how we define noteworthy primary endorsements. If you are aware of endorsements that should be included, please email us.
Click on the links below to view lists of endorsements on candidate websites, as available:
| Noteworthy primary endorsements | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Endorsement | Bowman | Engel | ||||
| Newspapers and editorials | ||||||
| New York Daily News[7] | ✔ | |||||
| The New York Post[8] | ✔ | |||||
| The New York Times[9] | ✔ | |||||
| Yonkers Times[10] | ✔ | |||||
| Elected officials | ||||||
| U.S. Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-N.Y.)[11] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand (D-N.Y.)[12] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.)[13] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.)[14] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.)[15] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Rep. James Clyburn (D-S.C.)[16] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Rep. Hakeem Jeffries (D-N.Y.)[17] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Rep. John Lewis (D-Ga.)[18] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D-N.Y.)[19] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Rep. Katie Porter (D-Calif.)[20] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Rep. Ayanna Pressley (D-Mass.)[21] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Rep. Adam Schiff (D-Calif.)[16] | ✔ | |||||
| U.S. Rep. Maxine Waters (D-Calif.)[22] | ✔ | |||||
| Gov. Andrew Cuomo (D)[23] | ✔ | |||||
| Individuals | ||||||
| Former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton[24] | ✔ | |||||
| Former 16th District candidate Andom Ghebreghiorgis[25] | ✔ | |||||
| Organizations | ||||||
| 350 Action[26] | ✔ | |||||
| American Nurses Association PAC[27] | ✔ | |||||
| BOLD PAC[28] | ✔ | |||||
| Brady: United Against Gun Violence[29] | ✔ | |||||
| Brand New Congress[30] | ✔ | |||||
| Center for Popular Democracy Action[31] | ✔ | |||||
| Communications Workers of America[32] | ✔ | |||||
| Congressional Black Caucus[33] | ✔ | |||||
| Demand Universal Healthcare[34] | ✔ | |||||
| Democracy for America[35] | ✔ | |||||
| Democratic Majority for Israel[36] | ✔ | |||||
| End Citizens United[37] | ✔ | |||||
| Food & Water Action[38] | ✔ | |||||
| Jewish Democratic Council of America[39] | ✔ | |||||
| Justice Democrats[35] | ✔ | |||||
| NARAL[40] | ✔ | |||||
| National Institute for Reproductive Health Action Fund[41] | ✔ | |||||
| National Organization for Women PAC[42] | ✔ | |||||
| Planned Parenthood Action Fund[43] | ✔ | |||||
| Progressive Change Campaign Committee[44] | ✔ | |||||
| Sierra Club[45] | ✔ | |||||
| Sunrise Movement[46] | ✔ | |||||
| Women for Justice[47] | ✔ | |||||
| Working Families Party[48] | ✔ | |||||
Timeline
- June 11, 2020: Pre-election campaign finance reports covering all fundraising and spending through June 3, 2020, were due. Engel led in fundraising with $2 million, followed by Bowman with $971,000, Fink with $150,000, and Ravelo with $48,000.[5]
- June 1, 2020: Andom Ghebreghiorgis withdrew from the race.[25]
Campaign themes
- See also: Campaign themes
Jamaal Bowman
Bowman’s campaign website stated the following:
| “ |
#RECONSTRUCTION AGENDA It's time to complete the work of Reconstruction. 1. Reconcile With Our History. 2. Get off Our Necks. 3. Let Us Breathe. A NEW DEAL FOR EDUCATION We need a New Deal for Public Education to repair the wounds of our history and fulfill the promise of our multiracial democracy. A NEW DEAL FOR HOUSING I will fight for policies that will stem the rise in homelessness, keep families in their homes, and put more in working people’s pockets. GREEN NEW DEAL Green jobs in all of our communities. Repair and upgrade our infrastructure. Move toward 100% clean energy. Federal jobs guarantee. Support unions. Fight asthma caused by pollution. MEDICARE FOR ALL Eliminate copays, deductibles and premiums for all Americans. Vision, dental, mental health, and long-term care. Expand Social Security. IMMIGRANT RIGHTS Abolish ICE. Take on Trump’s deportation machine. Fight for DREAMers, humane border policy, and a path to citizenship. Know your rights. WOMEN'S RIGHTS Pay equity. Defend Planned Parenthood and women’s health services. Reproductive justice. COMBATING ANTISEMITISM Hatred has no place in our communities. We must combat antisemitism and bigotry of all forms. Let's create a flourishing democracy where we all feel safe. PROGRESSIVE FOREIGN POLICY Diplomacy and Peace Over War Reduce Pentagon's War Budget 21st Century Marshall Plan STAND WITH SENIORS Expand Social Security. Cut Prescription Drug Prices in Half. Protect Pensions. FIGHT FOR FAMILIES Universal child care: day care should be a free extension of public school system. Advocate for peace & diplomacy. Provide for our veterans. Dramatically increase maternity, family, and sick leave. JUSTICE REFORM End The School-To-Prison Pipeline Ending Excessive Sentencing and Mandatory Minimums Legalize and Regulate Marijuana, End the War on Drugs GUN VIOLENCE PREVENTION We are the only industrialized country in the world where mass shootings occur on a daily basis. America’s gun violence epidemic disproportionately impacts communities of color and inflicts deeper trauma in the lives of people who are already struggling.
Make the wealthy on Wall Street pay their fair share. Support small businesses. Repeal Citizens United. Reject donations from corporate PACs and lobbyists. LGBTQ RIGHTS Fight for federal legislation against discrimination in employment, housing and public accommodations, military, government, and around the world. Oppose religious exemptions that deny services to LGBTQ people.[49] |
” |
| —Jamaal Bowman’s campaign website (2020)[50] | ||
Eliot Engel
Engel’s campaign website stated the following:
| “ |
LEADERSHIP AT WORK Eliot has demonstrated leadership on the issues that make a difference in our lives. He is fighting every day for a fairer, more just America. Fighting Climate Change Eliot knows we must act now to save our planet and build a new, green economy. Trump is determined to destroy every environmental advance we have made, perpetuating the damage of fossil fuels to our planet. But Eliot is fighting back.
Eliot says, “We are already seeing the impact of our inaction, natural disasters, famines, heat waves, flooding and human suffering. We can and must reassert American leadership by converting to clean energy sources, we owe it to our shared planet and future generations.” Eliot has a 100% rating from the League of Conservation Voters, Clean Water Action, the Defenders of Wildlife Action Fund and the National Parks Action Fund. He has been endorsed by the Sierra Club. Quality, Affordable Education Eliot believes all of our children have the right to a free, quality public education. He champions programs such as Head Start to help close the education gap among communities. School budgets in all communities are stretched thin. Since the majority of school funding comes from state and local taxes, the loss of State and Local Tax (SALT) deductions disproportionally impacts our schools. Eliot wrote and introduced the STATE AND LOCAL TAX DEDUCTION FAIRNESS ACT to repeal the cap on SALT.
Eliot says, “Education was the key that lifted me from a childhood in public housing to the United States Congress. Every child deserves this opportunity to maximize their potential and pursue their dreams, without the burden of staggering debt.” Eliot is endorsed by NYSUT, the union of New York State teachers. Leading Election Reform Eliot has long worked to reform our elections. He is a co-sponsor of H.R. 1, the FOR THE PEOPLE ACT to protect voting rights, fight corruption and reduce special interest and dark money in politics. H.R. 1 was the first bill passed by Congress in 2019 and includes:
The FOR THE PEOPLE ACT also includes some of the same provisions as the COMPREHENSIVE VOTING RIGHTS CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT Eliot authored several years ago. Eliot’s Amendment reforms include:
Eliot co-sponsored the PAC ACT to prohibit contributions from Political Action Committees to candidates for Congress. Eliot says “We must make it easier for every citizen to exercise their right to vote I will not idly sit by as the GOP dismantles our voting rights.” Eliot is again endorsed by End Citizens United (an organization fighting to get dark money and influence out of politics) in 2020. Champion for the Environment Eliot is a leader in working to protect our environment and has fought against every Trump anti-environment action and proposal.
Said Eliot to then head of the EPA Scott Pruitt at a committee hearing, “your agency is willfully ignoring sound science and stripping the protections that keep millions of Americans safe. You are making our water less safe to drink, and our air less safe to breathe. You are increasing our exposure to more dangerous chemicals, and you are making our planet less healthy for our children and our grandchildren.” Eliot has a 100% rating from the League of Conservation Voters, Clean Water Action, the Defenders of Wildlife Action Fund and the National Parks Action Fund. He has been endorsed by the Sierra Club. Chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee As Chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, Eliot ensures the committee is a critical counter-balance to the irresponsible “foreign policy by tweet” actions of Donald Trump. He continues to champion democracy and human rights throughout the world.
Sponsored, with Representative Ro Khanna, an amendment to the annual NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT (NDAA) to prevent federal funds from being used for military force against Iran without congressional authorization.
Eliot says, “The United States is strongest on the global stage when we conduct a foreign policy rooted in core American values – support for democracy, human rights, and the rule of law.” He has received 100% on the Foreign Policy for America (a left leaning grassroots network standing up for strong, principled American foreign policy) scorecard and has been honored by the governments of many countries for his humanitarianism, including Italy, Ireland and Mexico. Reducing Gun Violence Eliot is a Congressional leader and vocal supporter in the fight to reduce gun violence in the United States. He is proud of his “F” rating from the NRA. The last Republican led Congress had the distinction of presiding over the worst escalation of gun violence in history. Eliot is fighting back by:
Eliot has repeatedly said, “Losing lives to senseless gun violence must end.” Eliot is endorsed in 2020 by the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence. He is a 2020 Moms Demand Action Gun Sense Candidate. Healthcare is a Human Right Eliot believes that health care is a right, not a privilege, and that every American must have access to quality, affordable health care. As a member of the Health Subcommittee of the House Energy and Commerce Committee he is a leader in fighting for health care for all:
Eliot says, “It’s time. In fact, it’s long past time that we finally provided truly universal, comprehensive medical coverage to every American. Health care is a human right, not a privilege reserved for a wealthy few.” Eliot is endorsed by the 1199 SEIU healthcare workers union, the American Nurses Association and Demand Universal Healthcare. To view the rest of Engel's campaign themes, click the links below: |
” |
| —Eliot Engel’s campaign website (2020)[51] | ||
Chris Fink
Fink’s campaign website stated the following:
| “ |
My Policy Positions I stand with the community and will focus my efforts around the policies that mean the most to you and your families. See FORWARD plan to emerge from the pandemic SEE Forward Summary Our world is facing a crisis like nothing before in modern history. Hundreds of thousands of lives have been lost and whole economies are on the verge of collapse. The United States has always led the world in technology, medicine and opportunity. Today, rather than leading, we are behind the world in safeguarding our population and in responding to the challenges presented by the pandemic. The federal government continues to play politics with people’s lives and has no meaningful plan for treating the pandemic and putting our society on the road to recovery. My campaign for Congress does have a plan that will bring us back together, heal our environment, and provide for immediate economic growth and long-term prosperity. My plan is ambitious, but never before has the public need been so great and so far outweighed special interests and politics. We can solve big problems now because lives and livelihoods depend on our government’s response. By addressing our Social challenges, Environmental exigencies, and creating a road to Economic recovery, we can build our district and country back stronger, safer and cleaner than ever before. Infrastructure Our roads, bridges and public infrastructure within our District are falling apart. Our highways were not built – nor have they been maintained – to handle the amount and weight of the traffic that they experience every day, and we see evidence of that each time it rains. Because of poor construction, maintenance and drainage, cars and trucks are backed up for miles and sit idle on the Bronx River Parkway, the Hutch, and others. While they sit in traffic, they spend hours polluting our air. We also see school buildings in our District and across our nation crumbling around our kids. And a recent study of the 90,000 bridges within our country has concluded that over 25% of those will fail in the next two decades. Over the course of my career I have advised over 700 governments on financing, building and maintaining their infrastructure. Some were repairing and replacing facilities that were damaged or destroyed by natural disasters, but most were local municipalities who wanted to provide better and more efficient essential services to their constituencies. I have seen what works and what doesn’t in communities across the United States. In our District the time is NOW to be proactive in addressing these problems. Of the 27 districts in New York State, 15 of them have received more federal dollars for infrastructure than ours. I see that as a failure on the part of our Congressman. I will fight to make sure that our District receives its fair share of federal dollars, especially given how important our local infrastructure is. We have a unique opportunity during this current COVID-19 pandemic to not only fix our crumbling infrastructure but to also create millions of new jobs within our district and our nation to replace many of those that have been lost during this crisis. I would propose to create a new workforce, hired, educated and trained to build and repair our infrastructure both locally and across our country. We can do this as a joint venture with local and national private companies who have the expertise and capital to do so and who want to give back to their communities. The workers who join this effort will acquire new skills that will guarantee them employment opportunities for the rest of their lives, and we will all benefit from their efforts and skills. The federal government can support these efforts through loan programs, educational seminars, training and direct investment. Climate Crisis Transitioning to a Carbon-Neutral Economy The climate crisis our world is facing is unprecedented in human history and will make our planet uninhabitable for our children and grandchildren absent radical change in how we run our economy and live our lives. The earth is seeing warming trends never before experienced which are having a profoundly negative effect on our air, land, oceans, and biodiversity. Furthermore, the pollution from power generation, mining, transportation, agriculture, manufacturing, and other sectors pollutes the air we breathe and the water we drink, resulting in ever increasing negative health impacts. It is incumbent on all of us to do what we can to mitigate this crisis. The United States’ capacity for innovation and leadership and meeting tough challenges head-on has been proven in the past, and it’s time for us to step up and lead again. My proposals to address the climate crisis include addressing greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) from power generation, transportation, agriculture and livestock, buildings, and plastic production and pollution. As a start, I will propose that the United States immediately rejoin the Paris Climate Accord. In order to ensure that we meet our goals under this agreement, I propose that the United States transition to a carbon-neutral economy by 2040. I want to propel the U.S. to the forefront of the design, production and implementation of the most up-to-date technologies and storage techniques in order to protect our health, preserve our natural spaces and oceans, and protect biodiversity. We can meet this challenge while taking advantage of the economic benefits that come with it. Not only does adopting new green technologies benefit our health and that of our ecosystem, it will require investment in a resilient and flexible workforce to implement and as such it represents an economic opportunity for our District and for our country. Transforming our economy is a winning proposition, and I know how to get it done. Electricity Production: The climate destruction that has taken place under the Trump administration is extremely dangerous. Its roll-back of the Clean Power Plan and reduced regulation of many GHGs has set our nation back decades in our fight against the climate crisis. The owners of fossil-fuel-burning power plants who, under the Obama Administration, had scheduled retirement of these plants in favor of other cleaner technologies have since extended the useful life of these facilities so as to avoid making large investments in new power generation prior to when it is federally mandated. Under this Administration, such a mandate will never come. Fortunately for us, several states such as California and Florida have adopted state-wide rules limiting pollution and GHG emissions. But this is not enough. For the U.S. to be a world leader in this effort, we need a coordinated, country-wide plan to address this critical issue. Furthermore, the United States Government should not be subsidizing the pollution of our air, land, and water, and we should not consider ourselves free to destroy the habitats of other peoples and species. Rather, our government should be in the business of protecting our valuable resources as well as our health. Therefore, I will propose to immediately end all subsidies to fossil fuel companies and projects and redirect those subsidies to renewable energy projects. In addition, I would propose extremely harsh civil and criminal penalties for companies and individuals who knowingly disregard EPA rules and regulations. I will vote to end mining and drilling on public lands, including the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWAR), as well as on Native American lands and in off-shore, deep-water sites. I will vote for strict regulations to clean up existing fracking operations so that they do not contribute to groundwater pollution, and will also ensure that all existing natural gas projects are regulated so that they do not release methane and other harmful GHGs into the air. The combination of strict regulation, an end to subsidies for the fossil fuel industry, and increased subsidies for renewable energy will result in economic conditions that cause a rapid transition away from fossil fuels. Companies react quickly to rules that adversely affect their bottom lines. I believe that nuclear energy is a part of our medium-term clean power future. While additional nuclear power plants should not be built due to their high cost compared to renewables and the issue of the disposal of spent nuclear fuel, well regulated existing nuclear power plants must continue to contribute to our growing energy needs without contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, the Department of Energy should continue to explore the viability of Advanced Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), which can be quickly and safely deployed in many areas while they transition to renewable solutions. We can get to a carbon neutral grid, and I promise to make that happen. For the last 18 years, I ran the Municipal Energy Group at Bank of America and was on the firm’s Environmental Impact Task Force. Bank of America made a pledge to finance and provide funds totaling more than $125 billion in order to encourage investment in green energy and I am proud to say that the bank has already reached that goal. I have personally worked on over $24 billion in renewable energy projects in the last 7 years, and I know how to get these projects done. Transportation: Transportation powered by fossil fuels is one of the biggest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. These emissions negatively impact people’s health, exacerbating asthma and heart disease, with the biggest adverse effects in lower-income areas. I believe this is unacceptable, and that everyone, no matter their zip code, has a right to breathe clean air. In large part due to our proximity to Manhattan, NY-16 is in dire need of investment to facilitate the efficient transport of goods and people while improving our air quality. Within New York State, our District ranks #16 out of 27 in receiving federal aid for transportation. This is completely unacceptable. Given then number of our residents who use public transportation daily, there is no reason why rural districts in upstate New York should receive more federal support than us. The technology exists to make the transition away from fossil-fuel powered transportation, and I will support the incentives and infrastructure investments necessary for that transition to take place as soon as possible. I will propose an immediate expansion of fast electric car-charging infrastructure, as well as increased tax incentives for citizens and businesses to purchase electric vehicles (EVs). I will direct resources in our community to improve our crumbling roads and bridges, including a significant increase in protected bike lanes so that people can safely engage in healthy and emissions-free bicycle transportation. I will also support increased investment in emissions-free public mass transit, to further reduce dependency on cars. Finally, as our nation undergoes the enormous transition to EVs in the next decade, we must remain cognizant of the electricity generation that is used to power those vehicles. As such, the section above regarding Electricity Production becomes that much more relevant. Agriculture and Livestock: Agriculture and the raising of livestock together contribute about 10% of the United States’ GHGs from cows’ digestion, manure, on-farm energy use, fertilizers (which are largely made of fossil fuels), and the packaging, storage and transportation of food products. I will support efforts to reduce the GHG emissions associated with the food sector, including supporting more local agriculture, farmers’ markets in our District, and food programs such as City Harvest, County Harvest and the New York Food Bank that feed the hungry and prevent food waste. I have contributed to addressing this problem head-on in my own life by significantly reducing my meat consumption, and I will support regulation and tax incentives to redirect our agriculture sector away from its heavy emphasis on meat and dairy and the feed for these animals to a more plant-based agriculture sector, which can feed just as many with much lower water use and lower production of GHGs. I will also support legislation to ensure that all animals on farms and feedlots are not subjected to cruel and inhumane conditions. About 11% of our total GHGs from the food sector could be eliminated if we stopped wasting food, which is also a moral problem when one considers the numbers of people who are food-insecure. In addition to significantly lowering harmful emissions, reducing food waste will have the added benefit of lowering sanitation costs to municipalities from hauling heavy food scraps and either burning or landfilling them. I will support efforts to recycle food scraps, such as the pilot project that is currently underway in Westchester County under the leadership of George Latimer, as well as provide incentives for backyard composting of both food scraps and yard waste, efforts which should be happening across the country and which can be modeled on the successful efforts to reduce food waste in other countries such as Canada and Korea. One of the many lessons we have learned during the current pandemic is that we can be much more efficient in our food preparation and consumption. We need to continue our diligence even after this horrible period is behind us. Green Buildings: GHG emissions associated with the construction and operation of buildings are another area where well designed regulation and tax incentives can make a huge impact. Making our buildings more green will not only cut back on emissions, but it will also have a positive effect on human health, save people money on electricity, heating and water, and create new jobs. Our New York headquarters at Bank of America was the first platinum LEED certified building in New York City. Working in that environment over the past decade made me realize that the efficiency and positive environmental changes are well worth it. I will propose that we strengthen current energy standards and create new ones to make buildings and the machinery that heats, cools, and electrifies them more efficient and less polluting. In addition, I will support changes to the construction industry to incentivize the use of more efficient materials and methods, as well as a new national green building code that uses the LEED standards as a model. Plastic Production and Pollution: As a longtime scuba diver, I am horrified at the reality that a truckload of plastic waste enters the world’s oceans every eight minutes, and that the amount of plastic in our oceans will exceed the amount of fish by 2030 if we do not dramatically reduce our production and consumption of plastic. But one doesn’t need to be a diver to be aware of the magnitude of this problem: a short walk down an urban street or on almost any beach is enough to see that the world is awash in plastic waste. It causes the deaths of marine animals including whales, turtles, dolphins, and albatross, who mistake floating plastic for food and subsequently die of intestinal blockage and malnutrition. Moreover, micro plastic particles are so widespread that they have been found in locations as disparate as Arctic ice, the Mariana Trench, both bottled and tap water, and human bodies. We have yet to see the full impact on our health of this widespread and increasing pollutant. And it’s getting worse: plastic production is on the rise, largely due to the welcome widespread adoption of renewable energy. Fossil fuel companies, seeing a decline in demand for oil and gas for power production, heating, and transportation, are hedging against that decline by increasing their production of petrochemicals to make plastic. Petrochemicals are projected to drive half of global oil production growth between now and 2050. Thus, we can’t address our climate crisis without also addressing plastic production and the resulting pollution. As part of my commitment to protecting public health and biodiversity, I am proud to throw my full support behind the proposed Udall Lowenstein legislation which calls for extended producer responsibility (EPR), wherein producers of plastic – as opposed to cash-strapped municipalities – would be responsible for its proper disposal and recycling. In addition, it calls for much higher recycled content in plastic produced for packaging in the United States. I will also support an immediate halt to permitting for new plastic production plants and much stricter environmental regulation of all plastic production plants in the United States. We need radical action to mitigate the enormous and growing problem of plastic pollution, and I will do what it takes to make this happen. Healthcare for All I firmly believe that health care is a fundamental right – not a privilege that should be available only to those who can afford it – and I will work to make sure that all Americans have access to health care. Americans should not have to live in fear of being made poor or bankrupt because of an illness or accident, and we can all agree that prescription drugs in this country are too expensive. There’s no justifiable reason why any American should not be able to buy the medications they need to stay or get healthy. Moreover, our current fractured health care system has put us at or near the bottom of health rankings for industrialized countries by many measures, including maternal mortality, infant mortality, and life expectancy. This is unacceptable. Additionally, I don’t believe that one’s ability to access health care should be tied to their employment status. The COBRA system, while well-intentioned, is fundamentally flawed: it doesn’t make sense to expect a newly unemployed and therefore salary-less person to be able afford to pay the premiums that their employer formerly paid for their health insurance. Furthermore, our current health care system inhibits entrepreneurship, which is fundamental to our country’s economic health and growth. Americans are less likely to start a new business if it means going without health insurance, and a new small business can struggle to pay the high cost of health insurance premiums to cover its employees. Thus, I will work to disentangle health insurance and employment status. These critical faults with our current medical system have been magnified during the current COVID-19 pandemic. This crisis not only caught our incompetent president off-guard; it also has exposed the danger posed to everyone by a system that only provides care to those who can afford it. Well over 30 million Americans have already found themselves jobless as a result of this crisis, many of whom will also have lost their health insurance. Furthermore, the pandemic has hit our African American community particularly hard, which is a result of structural inequalities in our economy, in access to health care, and in the delivery of health care. As a nation we must work harder to eliminate these inequalities. A necessary component of a plan toward equality is ensuring comprehensive health care access for all Americans. Therefore, I strongly support strengthening and building upon the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare), as well as efforts to move quickly toward a universal health care system in the United States, with the caveat, at least initially, that people should be able to keep their private health insurance if they have it, can afford it, and want to keep it. Also, our country should join the ranks of other industrialized countries and provide paid medical leave, paid parental leave, and paid leave for those who must care for sick children or relatives. These policies are good for families and good for our health care system, and will result in lower transmission rates of illnesses by employees who are no longer afraid of losing their jobs and income if they stay home from work due to illness. Lastly, as I work with other representatives to ensure health care for all Americans, I will fight tooth and nail any attempt by this administration and its allies to weaken Obamacare, Medicare, and Medicaid before we have a new, comprehensive health care system in place. It is unconscionable that the current administration has as its stated goal the starving of funding to these programs which are so vital to individual and public health. Racism & Police Brutality Our country is plagued by systemic racism. The roots of this racism go back to the shameful days of slavery, and long after emancipation people of color continue to be deliberately denied their constitutional rights. Equal opportunity has never been the reality in the United States, nor has our nation ever lived up to its promise of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. That has only been available to white men. And this is unacceptable. Police brutality toward people of color is one of the many ways in which this reality manifests itself in our country. This has gone on throughout our history, and must stop. Too many lives have been lost and dramatically altered by violence perpetrated by those tasked with protecting us all. I want to make clear that I know that racist cops are in the vast minority. But there should not be any, and until we can guarantee that, we must change the way police operate in this country to eliminate these acts of violence that terrorize people of color. I have five children. Four are white and one is black. As a parent, my first priority is keeping them safe. I don’t want to live in a country where one of my children – or any child – is treated differently than the others because of the color of their skin. We need real leadership on this issue in this country. Leadership like that of Mayor Keisha Lance Bottoms of Atlanta, who took immediate action to deal with rogue cops and reduce tensions in her city. If I had a say in the matter of the senseless murder of George Floyd in Minneapolis, I would expedite the trial of racist cop Derek Chauvin. And I would immediately arrest the other three officers at the scene for probable cause. If elected to Congress, I will propose the following legislation at the federal level to put an end to this stain on America: 1. That hate crimes legislation be used when prosecuting officers who target people of color in such a way that results in a denial of their rights or physical harm to their bodies. 2. That all jurisdictions put tighter restrictions on how and when they can use force. 3. That all police officers are taught through extensive training how to recognize and nonviolently deal with cases of mental illness. 4. Require that strict standards of “reasonable” and “necessary” be met prior to the use of physical force. 5. Require deescalation prior to the use of force, and provide all officers with more extensive deescalation training. 6. Institute a national ‘3 strikes and you’re out’ rule for police officers. The officer who murdered George Floyd had EIGHTEEN complaints filed against him, and somehow he was still on duty. This rule would require a police department to remove any officer with three or more complaints from active duty until an independent group verifies and evaluates the complaints. 7. That military equipment no longer be offloaded from the Pentagon on to police forces. Guns Off Our Streets Over 37,000 American die every year in gun-related crimes, including 1500 children. Every month, 52 women in America are shot and killed by a domestic partner. Black Americans are ten times more likely than white Americans to be killed in gun violence. These statistics are shocking and unacceptable. Americans are unique in the level of gun violence that we experience, and we should not have to live this way. While we are not going to repeal the 2nd Amendment, as a country we need to make sure that we keep guns out of the wrong hands and protect women, children and innocent victims from gun violence. This can be done through extensive background checks, restricting ownership of guns by individuals with mental health or domestic violence issues, supporting programs and organizations that promote gun safety, and strictly enforcing the current gun laws in our country. In addition, the gun lobby should not be dictating our gun policies; these should be informed by data, study, and common sense, and with the goal of protecting public health – not the profits of the gun industry. Specific actions I would support include: Mandatory background checks: Every single gun owner should be required to pass an extensive background check in order to purchase a gun, including guns purchased in private sales, on the internet, at gun shows and transfers upon the death of a registered owner. In addition to a background check, I would institute a waiting period of at least 72 hours for all firearms purchases. Limitations on ownership: Individuals under 21 years of age should not be allowed to purchase guns. We need to pass a federal “red flag” law that would allow law enforcement to confiscate firearms from individuals deemed by the courts to be a threat to themselves or others. We should also ban assault weapons, high-capacity magazines and silencers. We need to eliminate the “boyfriend loophole” which allows domestic abusers to have guns simply because they are not married to their victim. I would also ban all guns in schools, except for law enforcement. Support for gun safety: Increase BATF funding. Set national safety and storage requirements for guns with a focus on those in homes that have children under 18. Provide funding for the CDC to conduct research and study on ways to reduce gun violence and protect public health, including by looking at the ways that other countries have maintained low rates of gun violence. Current laws: We should strictly enforce our current laws as they apply to both buyers and sellers of guns. Here in New York, for example, we need to enhance interstate law enforcement to block the “iron pipeline” which floods our state with illegal guns from other states that lack strong gun laws. Judicial Reform Over the last three years, the Trump Administration and Mitch McConnell have made a dedicated effort to nominate judges to the federal bench that are aligned with their extremely conservative policies. These include Supreme Court justices, Court of Appeals judges and District Court judges. To me, this is a concerted effort to put in place judges that will side with the Administration on important issues such as Women’s Rights, LGBTQ+ Rights, Gun Reform, Healthcare and Environmental priorities. Unfortunately, the U.S. Constitution sets no specific requirements for these nominations. The problem we are facing is that a large majority of these judges are not qualified for the positions for which they are being proposed and many of them have extremely poor grades from the American Bar Association. The bigger problem is that these judges are appointed for a life term! This means that the damage that the Trump Administration is causing will extend well beyond his term in office. My proposal would be to establish minimum criteria that all federal judges would have to meet before being considered for one of these important positions. This would not be limited review by the Senate Judiciary Committee (as it is now) and would take into account prior rulings and a judicial scorecard established by a nonpartisan council of legal experts that will apply to all ongoing nominations. Article III of the Constitution also provides that federal judges can only be removed through impeachment by the House of Representatives and conviction by the Senate. Once we have regained control of both the House and the Senate, I will propose that all of these subpar judges be impeached and be replaced with judges that meet the new minimum criteria discussed above. Immigration Policy Our country was founded and built by immigrants and is made stronger through immigration. That is why I support comprehensive, humane immigration reform that improves border security and targets criminals, not families. The policy of family separation at the border is abhorrent, and I will fight to pass legislation aimed at reuniting every single child in U.S. custody with his or her family, unless there is a danger to the child in so doing. I will also work to enact an immediate lifting of current bans on immigration from predominantly Muslim nations. Our nation should never discriminate against immigrants based on their religion, country of origin, or ethnicity. I will support an immediate end to funding for President Trump’s racist border wall, which is costing U.S. taxpayers upwards of $5 billion and destroying the habitats of many wild animals that live in the border region while doing nothing to keep out the latest Coronavirus – a far bigger threat to our safety and our economy than any immigrant. There should be a legal path to citizenship for DREAMers who arrived in our country as children and know no other home, and I will work to make this happen. I will also support U.S. economic, security, and development aid to the Central American countries which the majority of immigrants are fleeing. Improving the safety, security, and economic conditions of these countries is the only effective way to stem the flow of immigrants, asylum seekers, and refugees. Affordable Public College Education in the United States is a basic right that should be provided to all individuals similar to health care and equal rights. Education is the key to economic equality in our country and serves to bridge a way out of poverty. I attended New York public schools from kindergarten through law school and I am proud that my children followed in my footsteps attending public schools in our District through high school and then public colleges. I saw how the strength of our public school system can serve as a stepping stone to a fulfilling career that can support a family comfortably and gives an individual the opportunity to achieve even more. However, in order to keep up with the private schools and the competition from students from other countries, individuals looking for a strong public school education need to be able to afford attending these schools and these schools have to be funded in a way that they are able to keep up with ever-changing technology. We also need to hire the best professors. We need to make sure that public funding is able to do that from both the state and federal levels. We need to create a system that allows all students to attend public colleges, even if they do not have the means to do so. But we also want those students to be motivated to succeed. In Argentina, college is free to all. However, for every 100 students that enroll in free colleges, only about 23 go on to graduate. We should learn from this. We should start with junior college which should be free. Anyone who successfully finishes junior college should be able to attend a 4-year institution for free. Click here to view the following additional themes on Fink's campaign website:
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| —Chris Fink’s campaign website (2020)[52] | ||
Sammy Ravelo
Ravelo’s campaign website stated the following:
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Campaign Issues After seeing that our elected officials are not representing the people that elected them, and the need to fix a broken Washington DC, Sammy Ravelo has decided to continue to serve and run for the people of Yonkers, New Rochelle, Mount Vernon, North Bronx, Larchmont, Mamaroneck, Hastings-on-Hudson, Rye, Eastchester, Scarsdale, Bronxville and Pelham. Immigration We need to fix our broken immigration system. For decades, politicians have tried to pass comprehensive immigration reform, but have failed time and time again. With a broken Washington DC, career politicians constantly fail to reach any kind of agreement leaving millions suffering from Washington's ineptitude. With over 11 million undocumented immigrants living in the United States, among them 3.6 million that entered before their 18th birthday and who know no home other than America just like Sammy was in his teenage years, creating a pathway to legal status and citizenship is the way forward. Sammy call to end this administration's policy of separating families and adopting an accountability and transparency system that treats all immigrants is a humane manner with dignity and respect for all. Learn More > Veteran Rights This country must live up to its promise to those that gave fought for its ideals. My fellow veteran brothers and sisters have fought wars for over the last decade and under questionable intelligence just to come back and see that this country does appropriately fund the Veteran’s Administration. The bureaucracy that has plagued the VA for decades must end. Learn More > Education A country that ensures that its citizens are well educated is a country that is ensuring its prosperity for centuries to come. Education is the bedrock to a civil society and government plays a role that all its citizens are receiving a quality education. Sammy believes that this country needs a world class Pre-K to 12 and post secondary education that does not bankrupt young Americans before they enter the workforce. The student loan crisis is the next economic bubble if its not addressed as soon as possible. Sammy Ravelo call for investing in free trade schools and public college tuition to qualified individuals. Learn More > Climate Change According to the National Climate Assessment, human influences are the number one cause of global warming, especially the carbon pollution we cause by burning fossil fuels and the pollution-capturing we prevent by destroying forests. It’s time to get smart about investing in a robust renewable energy economy so that we can protect our planet while creating jobs and opportunity in the process. Climate change is real and is a clear and present danger to our planet. We need to build a new energy grid and rid ourselves of pollutants like coal, oil, and start investing more in renewable energy like sun and wind. Sammy believes that by doing so America will create millions of jobs and maintain an economic edge with other develop countries that are shifting to green energy. Sammy supports an economy that is built around protecting the environment and lead in this issue. The increasing number of droughts, intense storms, and floods we're seeing as our warming atmosphere holds—and then dumps—more moisture poses risks to public health and safety, and it is becoming a National Security issue if not addressed now. Learn More > Healthcare Healthcare is a right, not a privilege. Affordable health insurance that covers all pre-existing conditions—no matter who you are is a right that all Americans should have. The richest country in the history of the world should provide free healthcare to all its citizens. Sammy believes that big pharma is one of the leading causes of skyrocket insurance premiums and should be held accountable. Learn More > Foreign Policy The current administration has made America weak. Our traditional allies are leery and no longer trust that we will follow our commitments. Sammy believes that the White House has not been accountable by the current members of congress. America must return to being the moral leader that multiple administrations fought hard to maintain for over 75 years. The alliances that were built such as NATO are under threat. Our troops deserve leaders that have their lives and well being in mind when implementing policy.
China has the world’s fastest and largest high-speed rail network — more than 19,000 miles, the vast majority of which was built in the past decade. The US has fallen behind. Sammy believes that a serious investment in our fallen infrastructure system inclined roads and bridges will not only help compete with other developed nations in the 21st century it will create millions of jobs. Learn More > Women Rights Legislation restricting a woman right to chose are popping all over the United States. There is a concerted effort to restrict a woman Reproductive rights. Sammy supports ending the Hyde Amendment, protect Title X funding and Planned Parenthood, and guarantee access to reproductive health care nationwide. Gun Control Sammy knows that current gun laws are failing: they are not sufficiently protecting Americans and their communities specially communities of color. When violence in these communities rise, it is minority kids that are the ones at the end of that violent attack. As a 25 year veteran of the New York Police Department, Sammy has witnessed first hand how gun violence continues to destroy families and endanger neighborhoods. Illegal firearms in the hands of irresponsible actors are a threat to law enforcement as well. Many officers have died at the hands of perpetrators possessing illegal guns. America can protect gun rights and balance the Second Amendment with sensible Gun laws. These laws should be enacted that can protect families and at the same time protect the rights of responsible gun owners. congress, Sammy will work hard to make sure that universal background checks along with mental health requirements are part of a package legislation that can solve the gun violence problem. Learn More >
Our democracy is fixed! Those that have money have a bigger say in what happens in our democracy. One corporation equals the voices of millions of ordinary folks. Billionaires have more power than all the folks that work for them combine. It is time to end this. Sammy supports a constitutional amendment that eliminates corporate money out of our elections. Government should work for the interests of ordinary Americans, not corporations and special interests. [49] |
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| —Sammy Ravelo’s campaign website (2020)[53] | ||
Campaign advertisements
This section shows advertisements released in this race. Ads released by campaigns and, if applicable, satellite groups are embedded or linked below. If you are aware of advertisements that should be included, please email us.
Jamaal Bowman
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Satellite group ads
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Campaign finance
This section contains campaign finance figures from the Federal Election Commission covering all candidate fundraising and spending in this election.[54] It does not include information on fundraising before the current campaign cycle or on spending by satellite groups. The numbers in this section are updated as candidates file new campaign finance reports. Candidates for Congress are required to file financial reports on a quarterly basis, as well as two weeks before any primary, runoff, or general election in which they will be on the ballot and upon the termination of any campaign committees.[55] The chart below contains data from financial reports submitted to the Federal Election Commission.
| Name | Party | Receipts* | Disbursements** | Cash on hand | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eliot Engel | Democratic Party | $3,211,870 | $3,384,534 | $24,364 | As of December 31, 2020 |
| Jamaal Bowman | Democratic Party | $2,915,373 | $2,837,899 | $77,474 | As of December 31, 2020 |
| Chris Fink | Democratic Party | $254,784 | $261,286 | $8,065 | As of December 31, 2020 |
| Andom Ghebreghiorgis | Democratic Party | $214,728 | $125,141 | $89,587 | As of December 31, 2020 |
| Sammy Ravelo | Democratic Party | $49,690 | $49,690 | $0 | As of July 13, 2020 |
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Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2020. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
* According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." |
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Satellite spending
- See also: Satellite spending
Satellite spending, commonly referred to as outside spending, describes political spending not controlled by candidates or their campaigns; that is, any political expenditures made by groups or individuals that are not directly affiliated with a candidate. This includes spending by political party committees, super PACs, trade associations, and 501(c)(4) nonprofit groups.[56][57][58]
This section lists satellite spending in this race reported by news outlets in alphabetical order. If you are aware of spending that should be included, please email us.
- Democratic Majority for Israel PAC spent around $1.5 million supporting Engel, according to Politico on June 22.[59]
- Justice Democrats PAC spent $920,000 supporting Bowman, according to Politico on June 22.[59]
- Stand With Us Committee spent $142,000 on an ad attacking Bowman, according to Daily Kos on June 22.[60]
- Working Families Party IE Committee spent $409,000 supporting Bowman, according to Politico on June 22.[59]
Primaries in New York
A primary election is an election in which registered voters select a candidate that they believe should be a political party's candidate for elected office to run in the general election. They are also used to choose convention delegates and party leaders. Primaries are state-level and local-level elections that take place prior to a general election. New York utilizes a closed primary process, in which the selection of a party's candidates in an election is limited to registered party members.[61][62]
For information about which offices are nominated via primary election, see this article.
What was at stake in the general election?
U.S. House elections were held on November 3, 2020, and coincided with the 2020 presidential election. All 435 House districts were up for election, and the results determined control of the U.S. House in the 117th Congress.
At the time of the election, Democrats had a 232-197 advantage over Republicans. There was one Libertarian member, and there were five vacancies. Republicans needed to gain a net 21 seats to win control of the House. Democrats needed to gain seats or lose fewer than 14 net seats to keep their majority.
In the 2018 midterm election, Democrats had a net gain of 40 seats, winning a 235-200 majority in the House. Heading into the 2018 election, Republicans had a 235-193 majority with seven vacancies.
In the 25 previous House elections that coincided with a presidential election, the president's party had gained House seats in 16 elections and lost seats in nine. In years where the president's party won districts, the average gain was 18. In years where the president's party lost districts, the average loss was 27. Click here for more information on presidential partisanship and down-ballot outcomes.
General election race ratings
- See also: Race rating definitions and methods
Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:
- Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
- Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
- Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.[63]
- Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.
Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.[64][65][66]
| Race ratings: New York's 16th Congressional District election, 2020 | |||||||||
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| Race tracker | Race ratings | ||||||||
| November 3, 2020 | October 27, 2020 | October 20, 2020 | October 13, 2020 | ||||||
| The Cook Political Report | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | |||||
| Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | Solid Democratic | |||||
| Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball | Safe Democratic | Safe Democratic | Safe Democratic | Safe Democratic | |||||
| Note: Ballotpedia updates external race ratings every week throughout the election season. | |||||||||
District analysis
- See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index
- See also: FiveThirtyEight's elasticity scores
The 2017 Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was D+24, meaning that in the previous two presidential elections, this district's results were 24 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made New York's 16th Congressional District the 47th most Democratic nationally.[67]
FiveThirtyEight's September 2018 elasticity score for states and congressional districts measured "how sensitive it is to changes in the national political environment." This district's elasticity score was 0.88. This means that for every 1 point the national political mood moved toward a party, the district was expected to move 0.88 points toward that party.[68]
Pivot Counties
- See also: Pivot Counties by state
Eighteen of 62 New York counties—29 percent—are Pivot Counties. Pivot Counties are counties that voted for Barack Obama (D) in 2008 and 2012 and for Donald Trump (R) in 2016. Altogether, the nation had 206 Pivot Counties, with most being concentrated in upper midwestern and northeastern states.
| Counties won by Trump in 2016 and Obama in 2012 and 2008 | |||||||
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| County | Trump margin of victory in 2016 | Obama margin of victory in 2012 | Obama margin of victory in 2008 | ||||
| Broome County, New York | 2.01% | 5.31% | 8.02% | ||||
| Cayuga County, New York | 11.64% | 11.40% | 8.48% | ||||
| Cortland County, New York | 5.58% | 9.11% | 9.96% | ||||
| Essex County, New York | 1.14% | 18.77% | 13.32% | ||||
| Franklin County, New York | 5.45% | 26.07% | 22.23% | ||||
| Madison County, New York | 14.20% | 0.89% | 0.87% | ||||
| Niagara County, New York | 17.75% | 0.84% | 1.00% | ||||
| Orange County, New York | 5.50% | 5.65% | 4.13% | ||||
| Oswego County, New York | 21.99% | 7.93% | 2.44% | ||||
| Otsego County, New York | 11.13% | 2.72% | 5.91% | ||||
| Rensselaer County, New York | 1.41% | 12.19% | 9.34% | ||||
| St. Lawrence County, New York | 8.82% | 16.71% | 16.33% | ||||
| Saratoga County, New York | 3.21% | 2.44% | 3.40% | ||||
| Seneca County, New York | 11.01% | 9.08% | 2.60% | ||||
| Suffolk County, New York | 6.84% | 3.69% | 5.99% | ||||
| Sullivan County, New York | 11.23% | 9.02% | 9.46% | ||||
| Warren County, New York | 8.47% | 2.32% | 2.64% | ||||
| Washington County, New York | 18.40% | 1.90% | 0.81% | ||||
In the 2016 presidential election, Hillary Clinton (D) won New York with 59 percent of the vote. Donald Trump (R) received 36.5 percent. In presidential elections between 1792 and 2016, New York voted Democratic 45.6 percent of the time and Republican 35 percent of the time. In the five presidential elections between 2000 and 2016, New York voted Democratic all five times.[69]
Presidential results by legislative district
The following table details results of the 2012 and 2016 presidential elections by state Assembly districts in New York. Click [show] to expand the table. The "Obama," "Romney," "Clinton," and "Trump" columns describe the percent of the vote each presidential candidate received in the district. The "2012 Margin" and "2016 Margin" columns describe the margin of victory between the two presidential candidates in those years. The "Party Control" column notes which party held that seat heading into the 2018 general election. Data on the results of the 2012 and 2016 presidential elections broken down by state legislative districts was compiled by Daily Kos.[70][71]
| In 2012, Barack Obama (D) won 114 out of 150 state Assembly districts in New York with an average margin of victory of 46.5 points. In 2016, Hillary Clinton (D) won 99 out of 150 state Assembly districts in New York with an average margin of victory of 50.3 points. Clinton won four districts controlled by Republicans heading into the 2018 elections. |
| In 2012, Mitt Romney (R) won 36 out of 150 state Assembly districts in New York with an average margin of victory of 10.5 points. In 2016, Donald Trump (R) won 51 out of 150 state Assembly districts in New York with an average margin of victory of 17.6 points. Trump won 13 districts controlled by Democrats heading into the 2018 elections. |
| 2016 Presidential Results by State Assembly District ' | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| District | Obama | Romney | 2012 Margin | Clinton | Trump | 2016 Margin | Party Control |
| 1 | 54.04% | 44.82% | D+9.2 | 48.70% | 47.90% | D+0.8 | D |
| 2 | 46.01% | 52.77% | R+6.8 | 38.67% | 58.09% | R+19.4 | R |
| 3 | 55.11% | 43.52% | D+11.6 | 41.78% | 54.70% | R+12.9 | R |
| 4 | 53.31% | 45.30% | D+8 | 48.48% | 48.05% | D+0.4 | D |
| 5 | 47.32% | 51.31% | R+4 | 36.36% | 60.40% | R+24 | R |
| 6 | 78.89% | 20.28% | D+58.6 | 72.98% | 24.24% | D+48.7 | D |
| 7 | 47.06% | 51.56% | R+4.5 | 39.08% | 57.31% | R+18.2 | R |
| 8 | 39.57% | 59.23% | R+19.7 | 36.18% | 60.77% | R+24.6 | R |
| 9 | 43.39% | 55.49% | R+12.1 | 36.87% | 59.96% | R+23.1 | D[72] |
| 10 | 51.06% | 47.80% | D+3.3 | 52.08% | 44.85% | D+7.2 | R |
| 11 | 64.66% | 34.40% | D+30.3 | 55.00% | 42.21% | D+12.8 | D |
| 12 | 47.31% | 51.62% | R+4.3 | 44.00% | 52.67% | R+8.7 | R |
| 13 | 58.37% | 40.78% | D+17.6 | 60.78% | 36.72% | D+24.1 | D |
| 14 | 46.14% | 52.73% | R+6.6 | 41.36% | 55.64% | R+14.3 | R |
| 15 | 45.71% | 53.03% | R+7.3 | 44.85% | 52.11% | R+7.3 | R |
| 16 | 52.05% | 47.10% | D+5 | 56.95% | 40.38% | D+16.6 | D |
| 17 | 45.79% | 53.00% | R+7.2 | 39.11% | 57.86% | R+18.7 | R |
| 18 | 91.22% | 8.41% | D+82.8 | 87.68% | 10.41% | D+77.3 | D |
| 19 | 42.58% | 56.33% | R+13.7 | 43.26% | 53.52% | R+10.3 | R |
| 20 | 48.06% | 51.13% | R+3.1 | 47.00% | 50.24% | R+3.2 | R |
| 21 | 52.67% | 46.29% | D+6.4 | 51.99% | 45.07% | D+6.9 | R |
| 22 | 65.29% | 33.82% | D+31.5 | 63.90% | 33.38% | D+30.5 | D |
| 23 | 61.90% | 37.47% | D+24.4 | 53.34% | 44.39% | D+9 | D |
| 24 | 78.38% | 20.78% | D+57.6 | 76.56% | 21.44% | D+55.1 | D |
| 25 | 67.95% | 31.02% | D+36.9 | 64.73% | 32.56% | D+32.2 | D |
| 26 | 60.52% | 38.40% | D+22.1 | 57.04% | 40.31% | D+16.7 | D |
| 27 | 66.10% | 32.78% | D+33.3 | 65.49% | 31.64% | D+33.8 | D |
| 28 | 64.51% | 34.05% | D+30.5 | 64.36% | 32.54% | D+31.8 | D |
| 29 | 96.48% | 3.31% | D+93.2 | 93.79% | 4.84% | D+89 | D |
| 30 | 69.24% | 29.36% | D+39.9 | 66.29% | 30.73% | D+35.6 | D |
| 31 | 94.67% | 5.11% | D+89.6 | 90.76% | 7.84% | D+82.9 | D |
| 32 | 98.08% | 1.76% | D+96.3 | 94.74% | 4.01% | D+90.7 | D |
| 33 | 91.02% | 8.63% | D+82.4 | 87.81% | 10.57% | D+77.2 | D |
| 34 | 83.56% | 15.45% | D+68.1 | 81.22% | 16.12% | D+65.1 | D |
| 35 | 87.16% | 12.34% | D+74.8 | 83.53% | 14.41% | D+69.1 | D |
| 36 | 79.87% | 18.03% | D+61.8 | 77.61% | 18.78% | D+58.8 | D |
| 37 | 83.87% | 14.68% | D+69.2 | 81.38% | 15.40% | D+66 | D |
| 38 | 80.79% | 18.38% | D+62.4 | 76.29% | 20.96% | D+55.3 | D |
| 39 | 84.83% | 14.30% | D+70.5 | 82.52% | 15.37% | D+67.2 | D |
| 40 | 73.69% | 25.42% | D+48.3 | 67.21% | 30.28% | D+36.9 | D |
| 41 | 64.24% | 34.88% | D+29.4 | 60.37% | 37.52% | D+22.9 | D |
| 42 | 88.34% | 11.08% | D+77.3 | 87.37% | 10.69% | D+76.7 | D |
| 43 | 92.71% | 6.67% | D+86 | 89.50% | 8.18% | D+81.3 | D |
| 44 | 75.88% | 22.30% | D+53.6 | 78.35% | 18.67% | D+59.7 | D |
| 45 | 39.57% | 59.45% | R+19.9 | 38.92% | 58.66% | R+19.7 | D |
| 46 | 57.36% | 41.53% | D+15.8 | 52.25% | 44.97% | D+7.3 | D |
| 47 | 57.51% | 41.30% | D+16.2 | 52.70% | 44.71% | D+8 | D |
| 48 | 23.67% | 75.67% | R+52 | 28.29% | 69.34% | R+41 | D |
| 49 | 63.97% | 34.98% | D+29 | 56.74% | 40.36% | D+16.4 | D |
| 50 | 81.31% | 16.33% | D+65 | 83.62% | 13.09% | D+70.5 | D |
| 51 | 85.66% | 12.87% | D+72.8 | 83.02% | 13.97% | D+69.1 | D |
| 52 | 90.09% | 8.07% | D+82 | 91.91% | 5.33% | D+86.6 | D |
| 53 | 92.91% | 5.37% | D+87.5 | 91.06% | 6.07% | D+85 | D |
| 54 | 96.13% | 3.35% | D+92.8 | 92.39% | 5.36% | D+87 | D |
| 55 | 98.83% | 0.99% | D+97.8 | 96.15% | 2.40% | D+93.7 | D |
| 56 | 98.41% | 0.96% | D+97.4 | 95.55% | 2.09% | D+93.5 | D |
| 57 | 96.67% | 1.84% | D+94.8 | 95.21% | 2.19% | D+93 | D |
| 58 | 98.43% | 1.45% | D+97 | 96.16% | 2.69% | D+93.5 | D |
| 59 | 79.70% | 19.86% | D+59.8 | 74.78% | 23.64% | D+51.1 | D |
| 60 | 97.18% | 2.69% | D+94.5 | 95.26% | 3.68% | D+91.6 | D |
| 61 | 73.38% | 25.49% | D+47.9 | 66.08% | 31.15% | D+34.9 | D |
| 62 | 33.53% | 65.59% | R+32.1 | 23.48% | 74.50% | R+51 | R |
| 63 | 52.73% | 46.28% | D+6.4 | 44.62% | 52.97% | R+8.3 | D |
| 64 | 48.50% | 50.32% | R+1.8 | 40.32% | 56.79% | R+16.5 | R |
| 65 | 81.18% | 17.32% | D+63.9 | 82.52% | 14.32% | D+68.2 | D |
| 66 | 82.48% | 15.83% | D+66.6 | 88.65% | 8.07% | D+80.6 | D |
| 67 | 79.90% | 18.81% | D+61.1 | 86.93% | 10.33% | D+76.6 | D |
| 68 | 93.24% | 6.07% | D+87.2 | 91.42% | 6.29% | D+85.1 | D |
| 69 | 89.05% | 9.58% | D+79.5 | 90.82% | 6.34% | D+84.5 | D |
| 70 | 97.06% | 2.16% | D+94.9 | 94.78% | 2.82% | D+92 | D |
| 71 | 94.24% | 4.79% | D+89.4 | 92.52% | 4.99% | D+87.5 | D |
| 72 | 92.83% | 6.15% | D+86.7 | 90.73% | 6.93% | D+83.8 | D |
| 73 | 66.15% | 32.87% | D+33.3 | 78.99% | 17.96% | D+61 | D |
| 74 | 82.49% | 15.93% | D+66.6 | 85.40% | 11.22% | D+74.2 | D |
| 75 | 81.59% | 16.96% | D+64.6 | 86.45% | 10.67% | D+75.8 | D |
| 76 | 71.08% | 27.66% | D+43.4 | 80.57% | 16.33% | D+64.2 | D |
| 77 | 97.58% | 2.20% | D+95.4 | 94.60% | 4.19% | D+90.4 | D |
| 78 | 93.63% | 5.85% | D+87.8 | 91.24% | 6.90% | D+84.3 | D |
| 79 | 97.75% | 2.07% | D+95.7 | 94.79% | 4.02% | D+90.8 | D |
| 80 | 84.17% | 15.09% | D+69.1 | 81.92% | 15.88% | D+66 | D |
| 81 | 80.56% | 18.48% | D+62.1 | 81.08% | 16.20% | D+64.9 | D |
| 82 | 77.59% | 21.72% | D+55.9 | 72.94% | 25.01% | D+47.9 | D |
| 83 | 97.51% | 2.29% | D+95.2 | 95.42% | 3.44% | D+92 | D |
| 84 | 96.67% | 3.01% | D+93.7 | 93.79% | 4.84% | D+88.9 | D |
| 85 | 96.67% | 3.09% | D+93.6 | 93.54% | 5.11% | D+88.4 | D |
| 86 | 96.98% | 2.77% | D+94.2 | 93.95% | 4.68% | D+89.3 | D |
| 87 | 94.79% | 4.94% | D+89.8 | 91.38% | 7.06% | D+84.3 | D |
| 88 | 58.31% | 40.76% | D+17.6 | 65.37% | 31.47% | D+33.9 | D |
| 89 | 85.20% | 14.17% | D+71 | 82.85% | 15.16% | D+67.7 | D |
| 90 | 61.30% | 37.80% | D+23.5 | 60.47% | 37.11% | D+23.4 | D |
| 91 | 61.44% | 37.46% | D+24 | 67.67% | 29.24% | D+38.4 | D |
| 92 | 63.32% | 35.59% | D+27.7 | 67.46% | 29.61% | D+37.8 | D |
| 93 | 55.29% | 43.50% | D+11.8 | 63.29% | 33.24% | D+30 | D |
| 94 | 43.95% | 54.77% | R+10.8 | 42.07% | 54.54% | R+12.5 | R |
| 95 | 60.73% | 37.96% | D+22.8 | 60.71% | 35.75% | D+25 | D |
| 96 | 55.79% | 43.29% | D+12.5 | 53.99% | 43.30% | D+10.7 | D |
| 97 | 55.96% | 42.95% | D+13 | 56.12% | 41.13% | D+15 | D |
| 98 | 42.17% | 56.42% | R+14.3 | 37.01% | 59.04% | R+22 | R |
| 99 | 48.43% | 50.22% | R+1.8 | 42.54% | 53.63% | R+11.1 | D |
| 100 | 58.43% | 40.15% | D+18.3 | 48.34% | 47.78% | D+0.6 | D |
| 101 | 46.72% | 51.54% | R+4.8 | 37.09% | 57.64% | R+20.6 | R |
| 102 | 46.17% | 51.68% | R+5.5 | 36.02% | 58.61% | R+22.6 | R |
| 103 | 63.55% | 33.96% | D+29.6 | 58.26% | 36.29% | D+22 | D |
| 104 | 63.92% | 34.66% | D+29.3 | 58.16% | 37.80% | D+20.4 | D |
| 105 | 44.96% | 53.53% | R+8.6 | 40.21% | 55.76% | R+15.5 | R |
| 106 | 54.56% | 43.55% | D+11 | 48.51% | 46.87% | D+1.6 | D |
| 107 | 53.05% | 44.89% | D+8.2 | 44.90% | 49.10% | R+4.2 | R |
| 108 | 70.55% | 27.28% | D+43.3 | 61.59% | 32.95% | D+28.6 | D |
| 109 | 65.84% | 31.84% | D+34 | 64.15% | 30.37% | D+33.8 | D |
| 110 | 58.81% | 39.29% | D+19.5 | 55.68% | 39.07% | D+16.6 | D |
| 111 | 52.50% | 45.71% | D+6.8 | 41.48% | 53.27% | R+11.8 | D |
| 112 | 48.89% | 49.13% | R+0.2 | 44.94% | 48.94% | R+4 | R |
| 113 | 52.68% | 45.50% | D+7.2 | 45.69% | 47.82% | R+2.1 | D |
| 114 | 51.63% | 46.49% | D+5.1 | 41.02% | 52.47% | R+11.4 | R |
| 115 | 61.84% | 36.53% | D+25.3 | 46.11% | 47.66% | R+1.6 | D |
| 116 | 54.55% | 43.93% | D+10.6 | 42.31% | 51.66% | R+9.4 | D |
| 117 | 45.01% | 53.43% | R+8.4 | 31.76% | 62.47% | R+30.7 | R |
| 118 | 43.83% | 54.51% | R+10.7 | 31.43% | 63.31% | R+31.9 | R |
| 119 | 51.36% | 46.95% | D+4.4 | 41.04% | 53.84% | R+12.8 | D |
| 120 | 51.15% | 46.82% | D+4.3 | 37.11% | 57.05% | R+19.9 | R |
| 121 | 49.52% | 48.41% | D+1.1 | 39.87% | 53.28% | R+13.4 | D |
| 122 | 45.53% | 52.49% | R+7 | 34.61% | 59.78% | R+25.2 | R |
| 123 | 55.57% | 42.04% | D+13.5 | 52.23% | 41.96% | D+10.3 | D |
| 124 | 46.07% | 52.15% | R+6.1 | 37.50% | 56.97% | R+19.5 | R |
| 125 | 66.01% | 31.04% | D+35 | 64.17% | 29.17% | D+35 | D |
| 126 | 52.22% | 45.79% | D+6.4 | 43.09% | 50.74% | R+7.7 | R |
| 127 | 53.56% | 44.89% | D+8.7 | 47.85% | 46.23% | D+1.6 | D |
| 128 | 67.41% | 30.84% | D+36.6 | 62.44% | 32.51% | D+29.9 | D |
| 129 | 67.56% | 30.34% | D+37.2 | 61.81% | 32.63% | D+29.2 | D |
| 130 | 46.79% | 51.25% | R+4.5 | 34.92% | 59.04% | R+24.1 | R |
| 131 | 49.38% | 48.73% | D+0.6 | 42.69% | 50.88% | R+8.2 | R |
| 132 | 43.99% | 54.12% | R+10.1 | 33.52% | 60.54% | R+27 | R |
| 133 | 44.81% | 53.27% | R+8.5 | 41.66% | 52.66% | R+11 | R |
| 134 | 46.94% | 51.52% | R+4.6 | 40.25% | 54.77% | R+14.5 | R |
| 135 | 48.95% | 49.37% | R+0.4 | 49.07% | 45.18% | D+3.9 | R |
| 136 | 65.47% | 32.54% | D+32.9 | 63.46% | 31.09% | D+32.4 | D |
| 137 | 82.06% | 16.74% | D+65.3 | 76.04% | 20.42% | D+55.6 | D |
| 138 | 63.64% | 33.69% | D+30 | 60.14% | 33.54% | D+26.6 | D |
| 139 | 39.87% | 58.03% | R+18.2 | 30.20% | 63.82% | R+33.6 | R |
| 140 | 57.07% | 40.83% | D+16.2 | 49.45% | 45.32% | D+4.1 | D |
| 141 | 90.73% | 8.28% | D+82.5 | 87.56% | 9.85% | D+77.7 | D |
| 142 | 54.21% | 43.95% | D+10.3 | 44.65% | 50.57% | R+5.9 | D |
| 143 | 53.02% | 45.22% | D+7.8 | 43.36% | 52.14% | R+8.8 | D |
| 144 | 41.30% | 56.97% | R+15.7 | 33.65% | 61.58% | R+27.9 | R |
| 145 | 51.63% | 46.76% | D+4.9 | 41.99% | 53.80% | R+11.8 | R |
| 146 | 50.81% | 47.67% | D+3.1 | 51.71% | 43.66% | D+8.1 | R |
| 147 | 40.61% | 57.59% | R+17 | 30.82% | 64.29% | R+33.5 | R |
| 148 | 39.92% | 58.13% | R+18.2 | 28.76% | 65.82% | R+37.1 | R |
| 149 | 64.10% | 33.69% | D+30.4 | 58.11% | 37.05% | D+21.1 | D |
| 150 | 45.20% | 53.09% | R+7.9 | 35.59% | 58.89% | R+23.3 | R |
| Total | 63.43% | 35.22% | D+28.2 | 59.48% | 36.81% | D+22.7 | - |
| Source: Daily Kos | |||||||
District election history
2018
General election
General election
General election for U.S. House New York District 16
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Eliot Engel (D) | 100.0 | 182,044 |
| Total votes: 182,044 (100.00% precincts reporting) | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary election
Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 16
Candidate | % | Votes | ||
| ✔ | | Eliot Engel | 73.7 | 22,160 |
 | Jonathan Lewis | 16.2 | 4,866 | |
 | Joyce Briscoe | 5.9 | 1,772 | |
 | Derickson Lawrence | 4.3 | 1,280 | |
| Total votes: 30,078 | |||
| = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey. | ||||
| If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey. | ||||
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team. | ||||
Withdrawn or disqualified candidates
- Darren Cole (D)
Republican primary election
2016
Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Democratic. Incumbent Eliot Engel (D) defeated Derickson Lawrence (People's Choice Congress) in the general election on November 8, 2016.[73][74]
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic |  Eliot Engel Incumbent |
94.7% | 209,857 | |
| People's Choice Congress | Derickson Lawrence | 5.3% | 11,825 | |
| Total Votes | 221,682 | |||
| Source: New York Board of Elections | ||||
2014
The 16th Congressional District of New York held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014. Incumbent Eliot Engel (D) ran unopposed in the general election.
| Party | Candidate | Vote % | Votes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Eliot Engel Incumbent |
99.3% | 99,658 | |
| N/A | Write-in votes | 0.7% | 733 | |
| Total Votes | 100,391 | |||
| Source: New York State Board of Elections, NYS Board of Elections Rep. in Congress Election Returns November 4, 2014," accessed August 30, 2021 | ||||
State profile
- See also: New York and New York elections, 2020
Partisan data
The information in this section was current as of June 19, 2020.
Presidential voting pattern
- New York voted for the Democratic candidate in all seven presidential elections between 2000 and 2024.
Congressional delegation
- Following the 2018 elections, both U.S. senators from New York were Democrats.
- Twenty-one of New York's 27 U.S. representatives were Democrats and six were Republicans.
State executives
- Democrats held six of New York's 11 state executive offices. The other five offices were nonpartisan.
- New York's governor was Democrat Andrew Cuomo.
State legislature
- Democrats controlled the New York State Senate with a 40-23 majority.
- Democrats controlled the New York State Assembly with a 106-43 majority.
New York Party Control: 1992-2025
Nine years of Democratic trifectas • No Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
| Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Governor | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
| Senate | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
| Assembly | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
|
|
| Demographic data for New York | ||
|---|---|---|
| New York | U.S. | |
| Total population: | 19,747,183 | 316,515,021 |
| Land area (sq mi): | 47,126 | 3,531,905 |
| Race and ethnicity** | ||
| White: | 64.6% | 73.6% |
| Black/African American: | 15.6% | 12.6% |
| Asian: | 8% | 5.1% |
| Native American: | 0.4% | 0.8% |
| Pacific Islander: | 0% | 0.2% |
| Two or more: | 2.9% | 3% |
| Hispanic/Latino: | 18.4% | 17.1% |
| Education | ||
| High school graduation rate: | 85.6% | 86.7% |
| College graduation rate: | 34.2% | 29.8% |
| Income | ||
| Median household income: | $59,269 | $53,889 |
| Persons below poverty level: | 18.5% | 11.3% |
| Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015) Click here for more information on the 2020 census and here for more on its impact on the redistricting process in New York. **Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here. | ||
See also
- New York's 16th Congressional District election, 2020 (June 23 Republican primary)
- New York's 16th Congressional District election, 2020
- United States House elections in New York, 2020 (June 23 Democratic primaries)
- United States House elections in New York, 2020 (June 23 Republican primaries)
- United States House Democratic Party primaries, 2020
- United States House Republican Party primaries, 2020
- United States House of Representatives elections, 2020
- U.S. House battlegrounds, 2020
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Politico, "Clyburn, Schiff endorse Eliot Engel ahead of competitive primary," June 14, 2020
- ↑ Eliot Engel 2020 campaign website, "His Story," accessed June 14, 2020
- ↑ Eliot Engel 2020 campaign website, "The Bowman Record," accessed June 14, 2020
- ↑ Facebook, "Jamaal Bowman for Congress," accessed June 14, 2020
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Federal Election Commission, "New York - House District 16," accessed June 15, 2020
- ↑ Candidate Connection surveys completed before September 26, 2019, were not used to generate candidate profiles. In battleground primaries, Ballotpedia based its selection of noteworthy candidates on polling, fundraising, and noteworthy endorsements. In battleground general elections, all major party candidates and any other candidates with the potential to impact the outcome of the race were included.
- ↑ Twitter, "Engel for Congress on June 15, 2020," accessed June 18, 2020
- ↑ The New York Post, "The Post’s endorsements for New York’s 2020 primaries," June 20, 2020
- ↑ The New York Times, "New York Voters Can Send Some Promising New Faces to Congress," June 12, 2020
- ↑ Yonkers Times, "We Endorse: Eliot Engel for Congress, District 16," June 18, 2020
- ↑ Politico, "Schumer endorses Engel," June 17, 2020
- ↑ Yonkers Tribune, "Senator Kirsten Gillibrand Endorses Eliot Engel for Congress," May 21, 2020
- ↑ HuffPost, "Bernie Sanders Endorses Jamaal Bowman, Five Other Progressive Candidates For Congress," June 9, 2020
- ↑ Politico, "Warren endorses Jamaal Bowman over Eliot Engel in show of progressive support," June 16, 2020
- ↑ Politico, "Pelosi backs Engel ahead of New York primary," June 4, 2020
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 The Hill, "Engel picks up Clyburn, Schiff endorsements in reelection bid," June 15, 2020
- ↑ Facebook, "Engel for Congress on June 13, 2020," accessed June 14, 2020
- ↑ NBC News, "Jamaal Bowman takes on 16-term Rep. Engel in heated primary with AOC, Bernie Sanders on his side," June 14, 2020
- ↑ Politico, "Ocasio-Cortez endorses Bowman over incumbent Engel," June 3, 2020
- ↑ The Hill, "Katie Porter endorses Engel challenger Jamaal Bowman," June 15, 2020
- ↑ Twitter, "Ayanna Pressley on June 17, 2020," accessed June 18, 2020
- ↑ Facebook, "Engel for Congress on June 3, 2020," accessed June 14, 2020
- ↑ Spectrum News, "Cuomo Endorses Engel For The Seniority," June 18, 2020
- ↑ New York Times, "Hillary Clinton Backs Eliot Engel, in Her First House Primary Endorsement of 2020," June 15, 2020
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 Twitter, "Andom Ghebreghiorgis on June 1, 2020," accessed June 14, 2020
- ↑ 350 Action, "350 Action Endorses Jessica Cisneros (TX-28), Jamaal Bowman (NY-16), and Alex Morse (MA-01)," November 12, 2019
- ↑ Yonkers Tribune, "American Nurses Association Political Action Committee Endorse Congressman Eliot Engel for Re-Election," May 23, 2020
- ↑ BOLD PAC, "Eliot Engel," accessed June 22, 2020
- ↑ Yonkers Tribune, "Brady: United Against Gun Violence Endorses Eliot Engel for Congress," April 27, 2020
- ↑ Brand New Congress, "Jamaal Bowman," accessed June 22, 2020
- ↑ CPD Action, "CPD Action Endorses Chris Bubser, Jamaal Bowman, Nydia Velazquez in key races in California and New York," February 10, 2020
- ↑ Eliot Engel 2020 campaign website, "CWA Announces Endorsement of Congressman Engel for Re-Election, Praises Lifetime Record of Support for Organized Labor," March 3, 2020
- ↑ Eliot Engel 2020 campaign website, "Congressional Black Caucus Endorses Eliot Engel," May 28, 2020
- ↑ Demand Universal Healthcare, "U.S. House and Senate Candidates," accessed June 22, 2020
- ↑ 35.0 35.1 The Hill, "Liberal group backs challenger to Engel in Democratic primary," April 22, 2020
- ↑ Eliot Engel 2020 campaign website, "2020 endorsements," accessed June 22, 2020
- ↑ End Citizens United, "End Citizens United Endorses 39 Candidates 10 Years After Citizens United Decision," January 21, 2020
- ↑ Food & Water Action, "Endorsements," accessed June 22, 2020
- ↑ Jewish Democratic Council of America, "2020 Endorsements," accessed June 22, 2020
- ↑ NARAL, "NARAL Pro-Choice America Endorses Eliot Engel for Re-Election to Congress," February 24, 2020
- ↑ National Institute for Reproductive Health Action Fund, "NIRH Action Fund and PAC Endorse Candidates Supporting Abortion Access, Release Voter Guide for New York Primaries," June 16, 2020
- ↑ Yonkers Tribune, "Citing His Uncompromising Leadership for Women’s Rights, National Organization for Women PAC Announces Endorsement of Congressman Engel for Re-Election," February 19, 2020
- ↑ Planned Parenthood Action Fund, "Planned Parenthood Action Fund: The Full List of our 2020 Endorsements," accessed June 22, 2020
- ↑ Progressive Change Campaign Committee, "Our Candidates," accessed June 22, 2020
- ↑ Sierra Club, "Vote for Sierra Club's Climate Champions," accessed June 22, 2020
- ↑ Politico, "Climate group Sunrise Movement targets 2 powerful House Democrats," March 25, 2020
- ↑ Facebook, "Women for Justice on January 5, 2020," accessed June 22, 2020
- ↑ Daily News, "Working Families Party, Jumaane Williams endorse Jamaal Bowman’s challenge to Rep. Eliot Engel," February 11, 2020
- ↑ 49.0 49.1 49.2 49.3 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
- ↑ Jamaal Bowman 2020 campaign website, “Issues,” accessed June 22, 2020
- ↑ Eliot Engel 2020 campaign website, “Priorities,” accessed June 22, 2020
- ↑ Chris Fink 2020 campaign website, “My Policy Positions,” accessed June 22, 2020
- ↑ Sammy Ravelo 2020 campaign website, “Campaign Issues,” accessed June 22, 2020
- ↑ Fundraising by primary candidates can be found on the race's respective primary election page. Fundraising by general election candidates can be found on the race's general election page.
- ↑ Federal Election Commission, "2022 Quarterly Reports," accessed March 2, 2022
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Outside Spending," accessed September 22, 2015
- ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Total Outside Spending by Election Cycle, All Groups," accessed September 22, 2015
- ↑ National Review.com, "Why the Media Hate Super PACs," November 6, 2015
- ↑ 59.0 59.1 59.2 Politico, "Morning Score," June 22, 2020
- ↑ Daily Kos, "Morning Digest," June 22, 2020
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "State Primary Election Types," accessed October 8, 2024
- ↑ New York State Senate, "Consolidated Laws of New York § 17-17-102," accessed October 8, 2024
- ↑ Inside Elections also uses Tilt ratings to indicate an even smaller advantage and greater competitiveness.
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Nathan Gonzalez," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Kyle Kondik," April 19, 2018
- ↑ Amee LaTour, "Email correspondence with Charlie Cook," April 22, 2018
- ↑ Cook Political Report, "Introducing the 2017 Cook Political Report Partisan Voter Index," April 7, 2017
- ↑ FiveThirtyEight, "Election Update: The Most (And Least) Elastic States And Districts," September 6, 2018
- ↑ 270towin.com, "New York," accessed June 1, 2017
- ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' statewide election results by congressional and legislative districts," July 9, 2013
- ↑ Daily Kos, "Daily Kos Elections' 2016 presidential results for congressional and legislative districts," February 6, 2017
- ↑ Democrats won Assembly District 9 in a special election on May 23, 2017. The seat was previously held by a Republican.
- ↑ New York State Board of Elections, "Filings received for the 2016 Primary Election," accessed May 15, 2016
- ↑ Politico, "New York House Races Results," June 28, 2016
