Income taxes ballot measures

Voters have decided on income taxes ballot measures across the U.S. As a state ballot measure topic, this includes measures concerning taxes levied on the earned income of individuals or households. The topic is grouped within the budget and tax policy area.

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Upcoming ballot measures

See also: 2026 ballot measures and 2027 ballot measures

The following is a list of state ballot measures related to this topic that are certified or potential for this year and future elections:

2026

1. California One-Time Wealth Tax for State-Funded Health Care Programs Initiative (2026) - Potential
2. California Prohibit Taxes on Retirement Holdings and Personal Savings Amendment (2026) - Potential
3. California Renew State Income Tax Increase for Education Funding Initiative (2026) - Potential
4. Iowa Prohibit Graduated Individual Income Tax Rates Amendment (2026) - Potential
5. Iowa Two-Thirds Legislative Vote Requirement for Income Tax Increase Bills Amendment (2026) - Potential
6. Massachusetts Decrease State Income Tax Rate to 4% Initiative (2026) - Potential
7. Michigan Additional 5% Tax on Annual Taxable Income to Fund Public Schools Initiative (2026) - Potential
8. Nebraska Repeal Property, Income, and Inheritance Taxes Amendment (2026) - Potential

List of state ballot measures

Click the tabs to view state ballot measures related to this topic, organized by year or state.

Years

States

2026

1. California One-Time Wealth Tax for State-Funded Health Care Programs Initiative (2026) - Potential
2. California Prohibit Taxes on Retirement Holdings and Personal Savings Amendment (2026) - Potential
3. California Renew State Income Tax Increase for Education Funding Initiative (2026) - Potential
4. Iowa Prohibit Graduated Individual Income Tax Rates Amendment (2026) - Potential
5. Iowa Two-Thirds Legislative Vote Requirement for Income Tax Increase Bills Amendment (2026) - Potential
6. Massachusetts Decrease State Income Tax Rate to 4% Initiative (2026) - Potential
7. Michigan Additional 5% Tax on Annual Taxable Income to Fund Public Schools Initiative (2026) - Potential
8. Nebraska Repeal Property, Income, and Inheritance Taxes Amendment (2026) - Potential

2025

1. Colorado Proposition LL, Allow State to Retain Revenue from Proposition FF for Healthy School Meals for All Program Measure (2025)
2. Colorado Proposition MM, Reduce State Income Tax Deductions and Allocate Revenue to School Meals and SNAP Measure (2025)
3. Louisiana Amendment 2, State Tax and Fiscal Policy Changes Amendment (March 2025)
4. Texas Proposition 2, Prohibit Capital Gains Tax on Individuals, Estates, and Trusts Amendment (2025)

2024

1. Illinois Income Tax Advisory Question (2024)
2. Washington Initiative 2109, Repeal Capital Gains Tax Initiative (2024)
3. Washington Initiative 2111, Prohibit Income Taxes Initiative (2024)
4. Washington Initiative 2124, Opt-Out of Long-Term Services Insurance Program Initiative (2024)

2022

1. California Proposition 30, Tax on Income Above $2 Million for Zero-Emissions Vehicles and Wildfire Prevention Initiative (2022)
2. Colorado Proposition FF, Reduce Income Tax Deduction Amounts to Fund School Meals Program Measure (2022)
3. Idaho Advisory Ballot, Income and Corporate Tax Changes and Education Funding Question (2022)
4. Massachusetts Question 1, Tax on Income Above $1 Million for Education and Transportation Amendment (2022)

2021

1. Washington Advisory Vote 37, Nonbinding Question on Capital Gains Tax to Fund Education and Child Care (2021)

2020

1. Arizona Proposition 208, Tax on Incomes Exceeding $250,000 for Teacher Salaries and Schools Initiative (2020)
2. Utah Constitutional Amendment G, Use Income and Property Tax Revenue to Support Children and Individuals with Disabilities Amendment (2020)

2019

1. Texas Proposition 4, Prohibit State Income Tax on Individuals Amendment (2019)
2. Washington Advisory Vote 20, Nonbinding Question on Tax to Fund Long-Term Healthcare Services (2019)

2018

1. Colorado Amendment 73, Establish Income Tax Brackets and Raise Taxes for Education Initiative (2018)
2. North Carolina Income Tax Cap Amendment (2018)

2015

1. Michigan Sales Tax Increase for Transportation Amendment, Proposal 1 (May 2015)

2013

1. Colorado Tax Increase for Education, Amendment 66 (2013)

2012

1. California Proposition 38, State Income Tax Increase for Education Funding Initiative (2012)

2010

1. Maine Question 1, Tax Code Referendum (June 2010)
2. Missouri Proposition A, Limits on Earnings Tax Initiative (2010)
3. Virginia Question 3, State Revenue Stabilization Fund Amendment (2010).
4. Washington Income Tax, Initiative 1098 (2010)

2008

1. Massachusetts Question 1, Elimination of the State Income Tax Initiative (2008)

2006

1. California Proposition 82, Free Half-Day Public Preschool Program Initiative (June 2006)
2. Washington Initiative 920, Estate Tax Repeal Measure (2006)

2004

1. California Proposition 63, Tax Increase on Income Above $1 Million for Mental Health Services Initiative (2004)

2002

1. Massachusetts Question 1, Prohibition on State Personal Income Tax Initiative (2002)
2. Oregon Measure 23, Creation of Healthcare Finance Plan Initiative (2002)
3. Washington Referendum 53, Unemployment Insurance Measure (2002)

2000

1. Massachusetts Question 4, Income Tax Reduction Initiative (2000)
2. Massachusetts Question 6, Toll and Motor Vehicle Excise Tax Credit Initiative (2000)
3. Massachusetts Question 7, Charitable Donation Income Tax Deduction Initiative (2000)

1998

1. Colorado Amendment 17, Income Tax Credit for Private Education Expenses and Restrict Nonpublic Education Regulations Initiative (1998)
2. Massachusetts Question 3, Decrease State Income Tax Rate on Interest and Dividends Initiative (1998)

1996

1. California Proposition 217, Income Tax Increase Initiative (1996)

1994

1. Massachusetts Question 6, Graduated Income Tax Initiative (1994)
2. Massachusetts Question 7, Graduated Income Tax and Tax Code Changes Initiative (1994)

1990

1. Massachusetts Question 3, Income Tax Rates, Fee Limits, and Change Certain Tax Laws Initiative (1990)
2. Nebraska Referendum 406, Increase State Funding for Public Schools through Increased Sales and Income Taxes Referendum (1990)
3. Nevada Question 9, Prohibit Personal Income Tax Initiative (1990)
4. Oregon Measure 11, Open Enrollment for Public Schools, Refundable Tax Credits for Non-Public Education, and Voter Approval for New Restrictions on Nonpublic Education Initiative (1990)
5. South Dakota Amendment C, Income Tax Measure (1990)

1988

1. Missouri Amendment 8, MedAssist Public Health Coverage and Earnings Tax Initiative (1988)
2. Nevada Question 9, Prohibit Personal Income Tax Initiative (1988)
3. Utah Initiative B, Reduce Income, Sales, Fuel, and Cigarette Taxes Measure (1988)
4. Utah Initiative C, Refundable Income Tax Credit for Private and Homeschool Education Expenses Measure (1988)

1987

1. North Dakota Income Tax Increase and Withholding Referendum, Measure 2 (1987)

1986

1. Massachusetts Question 3, State Income Tax Surtax Repeal and Revenue Growth Limit Initiative (1986)

1984

1. Michigan Proposal C, Require Voter Approval for Tax Increases and Limit Local Nonresident Income Taxes Initiative (1984)

1982

1. Maine Question 1, Adjust Individual Income Tax for Inflation Initiative (1982)

1981

1. Michigan Proposal A, Changes to State Taxes and Revenue Amendment (May 1981)
2. Washington Initiative 402, Abolition of Inheritance and Gift Taxes Measure (1981)

1980

1. Massachusetts Question 2, "Proposition 2½" Limit on Property Taxes Initiative (1980)
2. Michigan Proposal E, Development of Correctional Facilities Referendum (1980)

1978

1. Michigan Proposal J, Tax Limitations and Program Funding Initiative (1978)

1976

1. Massachusetts Question 2, Graduated Income Tax Rate Amendment (1976)
2. Michigan Proposal D, Graduated Income Tax Initiative (1976)

1975

1. New York Amendment 6, Employee Benefits Tax Exemptions Amendment (1975)

1973

1. Washington HJR 37, Graduated Income Tax Amendment (1973)

1972

1. Massachusetts Question 6, Graduated Income Tax Amendment (1972)
2. Michigan Proposal D, Graduated Income Tax Initiative (1972)

1971

1. Florida Corporate Income Tax Amendment (1971)
2. Maine Question 1, Corporate and Individual Income Tax Repeal Initiative (1971)

1970

1. Missouri Proposition 1, State Income Tax Referendum (April 1970)
2. North Carolina Income Tax Exemptions Amendment (1970)
3. South Dakota Initiated Measure 2, State Income Tax Measure (1970)
4. Utah Proposition 3, Grant Legislature Power to Determine Income Tax Calculations Amendment (1970)
5. Washington HJR 42, State Property and Income Taxes Amendment (1970)

1968

1. Massachusetts Question 2, Graduated Income Tax Amendment (1968)
2. Michigan Proposal No. 1, Imposition of a Graduated Income Tax Amendment (1968)
3. Missouri Amendment 2, Allow State Income Tax Definition by Reference to Federal Law Measure (1968)
4. Nebraska Amendment 16, Income Tax Initiative (1968)

1966

1. Nebraska Amendment 8, State Income Tax Laws Amendment (1966)
2. Nebraska Referendum 1, Income Tax Law Referendum (1966)

1962

1. Georgia Amendment 5, Peace Officer Compensation Amendment (1962)
2. Massachusetts Question 1, Graduated Income Tax Amendment (1962)

1959

1. New York Amendment 8, Definition of Income Amendment (1959)

1954

1. Nebraska Amendment 7, Sales, Income and Property Taxes Amendment (1954)

1946

1. Utah Amendment 4, Permit that Revenue from Income and Property Taxes be Decided by Statute Measure (1946)

1944

1. Florida Amendment 1, Tax Rates Amendment (1944)
2. Washington Initiative 158, Revenues for Elderly and Disabled Measure (1944)

1942

1. Washington HJR 4, Income Tax Revisions Amendment (1942)

1940

1. Colorado Measure 4, Income Tax to Replace Property Taxes Initiative (1940)

1939

1. California Proposition 1, Retirement Warrants Initiative (1939)

1938

1. Maryland State Income Tax, Amendment 3 (1938)
2. Washington SJR 5, Graduated Net Income Tax Amendment (1938)

1936

1. Colorado Measure 2, Income Tax Amendment (1936)
2. Colorado Measure 9, Graduated Income Tax Initiative (1936)
3. Michigan Proposal No. 4, Prohibition of Certain Tax and Establishment of an Income Tax Initiative (1936)
4. North Carolina Increase Income Tax Rate Cap to 10% Amendment (1936)
5. Washington SJR 7, Uniform Taxation Amendment (1936)

1934

1. Michigan Proposal No. 5, Property Classification and Income Tax for Schools Initiative (1934)

1932

1. Colorado Measure 4, Graduated Income Tax Initiative (1932)
2. Colorado Measure 5, Taxes for Public Schools Initiative (1932)
3. Washington Initiative 69, Graduated Income Tax for School Funding Measure (1932)

1930

1. Florida Inheritance Tax Amendment (1930)
2. Georgia Amendment 4, Income Tax Measure (1930)

1924

1. Florida Prohibition of Income and Inheritance Taxes Amendment (1924)
2. Michigan Graduated Income Tax Initiative (1924)

1922

1. Colorado Measure 4, Income Tax and Exemptions from Ad Valorem Taxation Initiative (1922)
2. Michigan Income Tax Amendment (1922)
3. Utah Question 2, Create Property Classes and Permit Income Taxes Amendment (1922)

1920

1. Maine Question 3, Income Tax Amendment (September 1920)
2. North Carolina State Income Tax and Tax Limits Amendment (1920)

1918

1. South Dakota Amendment A, Graduated Individual Income Tax Measure (1918)

1916

1. South Dakota Amendment 3, State Revenue and Finance Structure Measure (1916)

1915

1. Massachusetts Property Income Tax and Exemptions Amendment (October 1915)

1912

1. Oregon Measure Nos. 350-351, Graduated Income Tax Initiative (1912)

1900

1. Utah Provide for the Remittance of Taxes for the Poor Amendment (1900)

Arizona

1. Arizona Proposition 208, Tax on Incomes Exceeding $250,000 for Teacher Salaries and Schools Initiative (2020)

California

1. California One-Time Wealth Tax for State-Funded Health Care Programs Initiative (2026) - Potential
2. California Prohibit Taxes on Retirement Holdings and Personal Savings Amendment (2026) - Potential
3. California Proposition 1, Retirement Warrants Initiative (1939)
4. California Proposition 217, Income Tax Increase Initiative (1996)
5. California Proposition 30, Tax on Income Above $2 Million for Zero-Emissions Vehicles and Wildfire Prevention Initiative (2022)
6. California Proposition 38, State Income Tax Increase for Education Funding Initiative (2012)
7. California Proposition 63, Tax Increase on Income Above $1 Million for Mental Health Services Initiative (2004)
8. California Proposition 82, Free Half-Day Public Preschool Program Initiative (June 2006)
9. California Renew State Income Tax Increase for Education Funding Initiative (2026) - Potential

Colorado

1. Colorado Amendment 17, Income Tax Credit for Private Education Expenses and Restrict Nonpublic Education Regulations Initiative (1998)
2. Colorado Amendment 73, Establish Income Tax Brackets and Raise Taxes for Education Initiative (2018)
3. Colorado Measure 2, Income Tax Amendment (1936)
4. Colorado Measure 4, Graduated Income Tax Initiative (1932)
5. Colorado Measure 4, Income Tax and Exemptions from Ad Valorem Taxation Initiative (1922)
6. Colorado Measure 4, Income Tax to Replace Property Taxes Initiative (1940)
7. Colorado Measure 5, Taxes for Public Schools Initiative (1932)
8. Colorado Measure 9, Graduated Income Tax Initiative (1936)
9. Colorado Proposition FF, Reduce Income Tax Deduction Amounts to Fund School Meals Program Measure (2022)
10. Colorado Proposition LL, Allow State to Retain Revenue from Proposition FF for Healthy School Meals for All Program Measure (2025)
11. Colorado Proposition MM, Reduce State Income Tax Deductions and Allocate Revenue to School Meals and SNAP Measure (2025)
12. Colorado Tax Increase for Education, Amendment 66 (2013)

Florida

1. Florida Amendment 1, Tax Rates Amendment (1944)
2. Florida Corporate Income Tax Amendment (1971)
3. Florida Inheritance Tax Amendment (1930)
4. Florida Prohibition of Income and Inheritance Taxes Amendment (1924)

Georgia

1. Georgia Amendment 4, Income Tax Measure (1930)
2. Georgia Amendment 5, Peace Officer Compensation Amendment (1962)

Idaho

1. Idaho Advisory Ballot, Income and Corporate Tax Changes and Education Funding Question (2022)

Illinois

1. Illinois Income Tax Advisory Question (2024)

Iowa

1. Iowa Prohibit Graduated Individual Income Tax Rates Amendment (2026) - Potential
2. Iowa Two-Thirds Legislative Vote Requirement for Income Tax Increase Bills Amendment (2026) - Potential

Louisiana

1. Louisiana Amendment 2, State Tax and Fiscal Policy Changes Amendment (March 2025)

Maine

1. Maine Question 1, Adjust Individual Income Tax for Inflation Initiative (1982)
2. Maine Question 1, Corporate and Individual Income Tax Repeal Initiative (1971)
3. Maine Question 1, Tax Code Referendum (June 2010)
4. Maine Question 3, Income Tax Amendment (September 1920)

Maryland

1. Maryland State Income Tax, Amendment 3 (1938)

Massachusetts

1. Massachusetts Decrease State Income Tax Rate to 4% Initiative (2026) - Potential
2. Massachusetts Property Income Tax and Exemptions Amendment (October 1915)
3. Massachusetts Question 1, Elimination of the State Income Tax Initiative (2008)
4. Massachusetts Question 1, Graduated Income Tax Amendment (1962)
5. Massachusetts Question 1, Prohibition on State Personal Income Tax Initiative (2002)
6. Massachusetts Question 1, Tax on Income Above $1 Million for Education and Transportation Amendment (2022)
7. Massachusetts Question 2, "Proposition 2½" Limit on Property Taxes Initiative (1980)
8. Massachusetts Question 2, Graduated Income Tax Amendment (1968)
9. Massachusetts Question 2, Graduated Income Tax Rate Amendment (1976)
10. Massachusetts Question 3, Decrease State Income Tax Rate on Interest and Dividends Initiative (1998)
11. Massachusetts Question 3, Income Tax Rates, Fee Limits, and Change Certain Tax Laws Initiative (1990)
12. Massachusetts Question 3, State Income Tax Surtax Repeal and Revenue Growth Limit Initiative (1986)
13. Massachusetts Question 4, Income Tax Reduction Initiative (2000)
14. Massachusetts Question 6, Graduated Income Tax Amendment (1972)
15. Massachusetts Question 6, Graduated Income Tax Initiative (1994)
16. Massachusetts Question 6, Toll and Motor Vehicle Excise Tax Credit Initiative (2000)
17. Massachusetts Question 7, Charitable Donation Income Tax Deduction Initiative (2000)
18. Massachusetts Question 7, Graduated Income Tax and Tax Code Changes Initiative (1994)

Michigan

1. Michigan Additional 5% Tax on Annual Taxable Income to Fund Public Schools Initiative (2026) - Potential
2. Michigan Graduated Income Tax Initiative (1924)
3. Michigan Income Tax Amendment (1922)
4. Michigan Proposal A, Changes to State Taxes and Revenue Amendment (May 1981)
5. Michigan Proposal C, Require Voter Approval for Tax Increases and Limit Local Nonresident Income Taxes Initiative (1984)
6. Michigan Proposal D, Graduated Income Tax Initiative (1972)
7. Michigan Proposal D, Graduated Income Tax Initiative (1976)
8. Michigan Proposal E, Development of Correctional Facilities Referendum (1980)
9. Michigan Proposal J, Tax Limitations and Program Funding Initiative (1978)
10. Michigan Proposal No. 1, Imposition of a Graduated Income Tax Amendment (1968)
11. Michigan Proposal No. 4, Prohibition of Certain Tax and Establishment of an Income Tax Initiative (1936)
12. Michigan Proposal No. 5, Property Classification and Income Tax for Schools Initiative (1934)
13. Michigan Sales Tax Increase for Transportation Amendment, Proposal 1 (May 2015)

Missouri

1. Missouri Amendment 2, Allow State Income Tax Definition by Reference to Federal Law Measure (1968)
2. Missouri Amendment 8, MedAssist Public Health Coverage and Earnings Tax Initiative (1988)
3. Missouri Proposition 1, State Income Tax Referendum (April 1970)
4. Missouri Proposition A, Limits on Earnings Tax Initiative (2010)

Nebraska

1. Nebraska Amendment 16, Income Tax Initiative (1968)
2. Nebraska Amendment 7, Sales, Income and Property Taxes Amendment (1954)
3. Nebraska Amendment 8, State Income Tax Laws Amendment (1966)
4. Nebraska Referendum 1, Income Tax Law Referendum (1966)
5. Nebraska Referendum 406, Increase State Funding for Public Schools through Increased Sales and Income Taxes Referendum (1990)
6. Nebraska Repeal Property, Income, and Inheritance Taxes Amendment (2026) - Potential

Nevada

1. Nevada Question 9, Prohibit Personal Income Tax Initiative (1988)
2. Nevada Question 9, Prohibit Personal Income Tax Initiative (1990)

New York

1. New York Amendment 6, Employee Benefits Tax Exemptions Amendment (1975)
2. New York Amendment 8, Definition of Income Amendment (1959)

North Carolina

1. North Carolina Income Tax Cap Amendment (2018)
2. North Carolina Income Tax Exemptions Amendment (1970)
3. North Carolina Increase Income Tax Rate Cap to 10% Amendment (1936)
4. North Carolina State Income Tax and Tax Limits Amendment (1920)

North Dakota

1. North Dakota Income Tax Increase and Withholding Referendum, Measure 2 (1987)

Oregon

1. Oregon Measure 11, Open Enrollment for Public Schools, Refundable Tax Credits for Non-Public Education, and Voter Approval for New Restrictions on Nonpublic Education Initiative (1990)
2. Oregon Measure 23, Creation of Healthcare Finance Plan Initiative (2002)
3. Oregon Measure Nos. 350-351, Graduated Income Tax Initiative (1912)

South Dakota

1. South Dakota Amendment 3, State Revenue and Finance Structure Measure (1916)
2. South Dakota Amendment A, Graduated Individual Income Tax Measure (1918)
3. South Dakota Amendment C, Income Tax Measure (1990)
4. South Dakota Initiated Measure 2, State Income Tax Measure (1970)

Texas

1. Texas Proposition 2, Prohibit Capital Gains Tax on Individuals, Estates, and Trusts Amendment (2025)
2. Texas Proposition 4, Prohibit State Income Tax on Individuals Amendment (2019)

Utah

1. Utah Amendment 4, Permit that Revenue from Income and Property Taxes be Decided by Statute Measure (1946)
2. Utah Constitutional Amendment G, Use Income and Property Tax Revenue to Support Children and Individuals with Disabilities Amendment (2020)
3. Utah Initiative B, Reduce Income, Sales, Fuel, and Cigarette Taxes Measure (1988)
4. Utah Initiative C, Refundable Income Tax Credit for Private and Homeschool Education Expenses Measure (1988)
5. Utah Proposition 3, Grant Legislature Power to Determine Income Tax Calculations Amendment (1970)
6. Utah Provide for the Remittance of Taxes for the Poor Amendment (1900)
7. Utah Question 2, Create Property Classes and Permit Income Taxes Amendment (1922)

Virginia

1. Virginia Question 3, State Revenue Stabilization Fund Amendment (2010).

Washington

1. Washington Advisory Vote 20, Nonbinding Question on Tax to Fund Long-Term Healthcare Services (2019)
2. Washington Advisory Vote 37, Nonbinding Question on Capital Gains Tax to Fund Education and Child Care (2021)
3. Washington HJR 37, Graduated Income Tax Amendment (1973)
4. Washington HJR 4, Income Tax Revisions Amendment (1942)
5. Washington HJR 42, State Property and Income Taxes Amendment (1970)
6. Washington Income Tax, Initiative 1098 (2010)
7. Washington Initiative 158, Revenues for Elderly and Disabled Measure (1944)
8. Washington Initiative 2109, Repeal Capital Gains Tax Initiative (2024)
9. Washington Initiative 2111, Prohibit Income Taxes Initiative (2024)
10. Washington Initiative 2124, Opt-Out of Long-Term Services Insurance Program Initiative (2024)
11. Washington Initiative 402, Abolition of Inheritance and Gift Taxes Measure (1981)
12. Washington Initiative 69, Graduated Income Tax for School Funding Measure (1932)
13. Washington Initiative 920, Estate Tax Repeal Measure (2006)
14. Washington Referendum 53, Unemployment Insurance Measure (2002)
15. Washington SJR 5, Graduated Net Income Tax Amendment (1938)
16. Washington SJR 7, Uniform Taxation Amendment (1936)

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