2019 Hawaii legislative session
Hawaii State Legislature | |
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General information | |
Type: | State legislature |
Term limits: | None |
Session start: | January 16, 2019 |
Session end: | May 2, 2019 |
Website: | Official Legislature Page |
Leadership | |
Senate President: | Ronald Kouchi (D) |
House Speaker: | Scott Saiki (D) |
Majority Leader: | Senate: Jamie Kalani English (D) House: Della Au Belatti (D) |
Minority Leader: | House: Gene Ward (R) |
Structure | |
Members: | 25 (Senate), 51 (House) |
Length of term: | 4 years (Senate), 2 years (House) |
Authority: | Article III of the Hawaii Constitution |
Salary: | $60,180/year + per diem |
Elections | |
Last election: | November 6, 2018 Senate House |
Next election: | November 3, 2020 Senate House |
Redistricting: | Hawaii Reapportionment Commission has control |
Hawaii convened its legislative session on January 16, 2019, and legislators remained in session until May 2, 2019. Democrats had a veto-proof supermajority this legislative session, just as they did in 2018. Following the 2018 election, Democrats had a 24-1 majority in the Senate and a 46-5 majority in the House. The party also controlled the governorship, creating a Democratic state government trifecta.
Click the links to read more about the 2020 state Senate and state House elections.
Click the links to read more about the 2018 state Senate and state House elections.
Partisan control in 2019
- See also: State government trifectas
Delaware was one of 14 Democratic state government trifectas at the start of 2019 legislative sessions. A state government trifecta occurs when one political party holds the governor's office, a majority in the state Senate, and a majority in the state House. For more information about state government trifectas, click here.
Hawaii was also one of 22 state legislatures one party had a veto-proof supermajority. Veto overrides occur when a legislature votes to reverse a veto issued by an executive such as a governor or the president. If one party has a majority in a state legislature that is large enough to override a gubernatorial veto without any votes from members of the minority party, it is called a veto-proof majority or, sometimes, a supermajority. To read more about veto-proof supermajorities in state legislatures, click here.
The following tables show the partisan breakdown of the Hawaii State Legislature in the 2019 legislative session.
Hawaii State Senate
Party | As of January 2019 | |
---|---|---|
Democratic Party | 24 | |
Republican Party | 1 | |
Total | 25 |
From 1992 to 2018, the Hawaii State Senate was dominated by the Democratic Party, as it has been in most years since Hawaii achieved statehood in 1959. The table below shows the partisan history of the Hawaii State Senate following every general election from 1992 to 2018. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
Hawaii State Senate election results: 1992-2018
Year | '92 | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '06 | '08 | '10 | '12 | '14 | '16 | '18 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democrats | 22 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 25 | 24 |
Republicans | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Since Hawaii achieved statehood in 1959 through 2018, Democrats controlled the state Senate following most elections. From at least 1978 to 2018, Republicans never held more than 10 seats in the chamber. From 1982 to 2018, they never held more than five seats. From 1992 to the early 2000s, Democrats usually held 23 or 22 of the chamber's seats. Starting in 2002, Republicans expanded their caucus to five seats and held these through the 2006 elections.
In 2008, Republicans lost three seats and the Democrats ended up with a 23-member caucus. This advantage persisted despite national trends. In 2010, a year when Republicans did well nationally, Democrats won 24 seats. This left Republicans with just one member through the 2014 elections. In 2016, the last Republican lost his seat, giving Democrats control of all 25 seats. It was the only state legislative chamber in the country to be completely controlled by one party following the 2016 elections. Republicans regained one seat in 2018, leaving the chamber controlled by a 24-1 Democratic majority.
Hawaii House of Representatives
Party | As of January 2019 | |
---|---|---|
Democratic Party | 46 | |
Republican Party | 5 | |
Total | 51 |
From 1992 to 2018, the Hawaii House of Representatives was dominated by the Democratic Party, as it has been since Hawaii achieved statehood in 1959. The table below shows the partisan history of the Hawaii House of Representatives following every general election from 1992 to 2018. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
Hawaii House of Representatives election results: 1992-2018
Year | '92 | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '06 | '08 | '10 | '12 | '14 | '16 | '18 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democrats | 47 | 44 | 39 | 39 | 32 | 36 | 41 | 43 | 45 | 43 | 44 | 43 | 45 | 46 |
Republicans | 4 | 7 | 12 | 12 | 19 | 15 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 5 |
Since Hawaii achieved statehood in 1959 through 2018, Democrats controlled the state House following every election. From at least 1958 to 2018, Republicans never held more than 20 seats in the chamber.
The elections in the late 1980s and 1990s went strongly in favor of Democrats, leaving Republicans with just four seats following the 1992 elections. They made some gains in the elections that followed, working their way to 19 seats by 2000. This was the highest number of seats they had held since the chamber first started holding elections in 1958. However, Republicans lost seats in the two elections that followed, dropping them to 10 seats. The next several cycles brought Republicans to eight seats after the 2006 elections.
The Democratic majority was stable in the elections from 2010 to 2014, despite a national trend toward Republicans during that time. They held Republicans to no more than eight seats during that period. Following the 2016 elections, Democrats held a 45-6 majority. Their numbers were bolstered when Beth Fukumoto changed her party registration from Republican to Democratic in 2017, giving them 46 seats in the chamber—the number they held through 2018.
Leadership in 2019
Hawaii State Senate
- Senate president: Ronald Kouchi (D)
- Majority leader: Jamie Kalani English (D)
Hawaii House of Representatives
- Speaker of the House: Scott Saiki (D)
- Majority leader: Della Au Belatti (D)
- Minority leader: Gene Ward (R)
Regular session
The following widget shows up to 25 pieces of legislation in the 2019 legislative session that most recently passed both chambers of the legislature, were signed by the governor, or were approved by the legislature in a veto override. If no bills are displayed below, no legislation met these criteria yet in 2019. This information is provided by BillTrack50.
Standing legislative committees
A standing committee of a state legislature is a committee that exists on a more-or-less permanent basis, from legislative session to session, that considers and refines legislative bills that fall under the committee's subject matter.
At the beginning of the 2019 legislative session, there were 34 standing committees in Hawaii's state government, including 14 state Senate committees and 20 state House committees.
Senate committees
- Agriculture and Environment Committee
- Commerce and Consumer Protection Committee
- Committee on Labor and Technology
- Economic Development and Tourism Committee
- Government Operations Committee
- Hawaiian Affairs Committee
- Health and Human Services Committee
- Higher Education Committee
- Judiciary Committee
- Public Safety and Military Affairs Committee
- Senate Committee on Energy and Intergovernmental Affairs
- Senate Committee on Transportation and Culture and the Arts
- Senate Education Committee
- Senate Housing Committee
- Water and Land Committee
- Ways and Means Committee
House committees
- Agriculture & Food Systems Committee
- Consumer Protection & Commerce Committee
- Culture & Arts Committee
- Economic Development & Technology Committee
- Energy & Environmental Protection Committee
- Finance Committee
- Higher Education Committee
- House Committee on Health
- House Committee on Public Safety
- House Committee on Tourism
- House Education Committee
- House Housing Committee
- House Transportation Committee
- Human Services & Homelessness Committee
- Judiciary & Hawaiian Affairs Committee
- Labor Committee
- Legislative Management Committee
- Water and Land Committee
Legislatively referred constitutional amendments
In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.
The methods by which the Hawaii Constitution can be amended:
The Hawaii Constitution provides two mechanisms for amending the state's constitution— a legislative process and a state constitutional convention. Hawaii requires a simple majority vote (50% plus 1) for voters to approve constitutional amendments.
Legislature
A two-thirds (66.67%) vote is required during one legislative session or a simple majority vote in two successive legislative sessions for the Hawaii State Legislature to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 35 votes in the Hawaii House of Representatives and 17 votes in the Hawaii State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.
Convention
According to Section 2 of Article XVII of the Hawaii Constitution, a question about whether to hold a state constitutional convention is to automatically appear on the state's ballot after a period of nine years. Hawaii is one of 14 states that provides for an automatic constitutional convention question.
The table below shows the last and next constitutional convention question election years:
State | Interval | Last question on the ballot | Next question on the ballot |
---|---|---|---|
Hawaii | 10 years | 2018 | 2028 |
Historical context:
- A total of 36 measures appeared on statewide ballots between 1995 and 2018.
- From 1995 to 2018, an average of three measures appeared on ballots during even-numbered years in Hawaii.
- The number of measures appearing on statewide ballots between 1995 and 2018 ranged from one to five.
- Between 1995 and 2018, about 64 percent (23 of 36) of statewide ballots were approved by voters, and 36 percent (13 of 36) were defeated.
Historical partisan control
The table below depicts the historical trifecta status of Hawaii.
Hawaii Party Control: 1992-2025
Twenty-six years of Democratic trifectas • No Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.
Year | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 98 | 99 | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Governor | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Senate | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
House | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
See also
Elections | Hawaii State Government | State Legislatures | State Politics |
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External links
Footnotes