Election results, 2024: State financial officers
The overall partisan balance of state financial officers (SFOs) remained unchanged following the 2024 general election. Before and after the election, there were 40 Democratic and 60 Republican state financial officers. Six officers' partisan affiliations were indeterminate.
Different states have different names for these elected officials, but they all fall into three groups: treasurers, auditors, and controllers. Broadly, these officials are responsible for things like auditing other government offices, managing payroll, and overseeing pensions. In some states, certain SFOs are also responsible for investing state retirement and trust funds, meaning they get to decide where that public money goes.
Election results by selection method:
Eighteen offices were directly up for election. Republicans gained one elected office, winning the North Carolina Auditor. This brought the partisan balance of offices up for election in 2024 to five Democrats and 13 Republicans.
The appointing authorities of nine state financial offices were also up for election. As a result of these elections, Democrats gained control of one appointing authority, the Oregon Secretary of State. Oregon’s Secretary of State appoints the state’s Audits Director. This brought the partisan breakdown of the state financial officer appointing authorities who were up for election in 2024 to three Democrats, five Republicans, and one indeterminate.
Election results by office type:
Eight states held elections for auditor. Heading into the elections, Republicans held five of the auditor positions up for election and Democrats held three. Republicans gained one office, the North Carolina Auditor, bringing the partisan breakdown of auditor offices up for election in 2024 to six Republicans and two Democrats. The partisan balance of all state auditors remained unchanged after the election at 14 Democratic, 23 Republican auditors. One auditor’s partisan affiliation was indeterminate.
Ten states held elections for treasurer. Republicans held seven of the treasurer positions up for election in 2024, and Democrats held three. This breakdown remained unchanged as a result of the elections. The partisan balance of all state treasurers also remained unchanged as a result of the elections at 18 Democrats, 28 Republicans and two indeterminate.
No state held elections for controller. The partisan balance of controllers remained unchanged at eight Democrats, nine Republicans, and three indeterminate.
Battlegrounds:
Ballotpedia identified four state financial officer races as battlegrounds. These were races which we viewed as having the potential to affect the balance of power in these states. Heading into the elections, Republicans held three of those offices, and Democrats held one. This breakdown did not change as a result of the elections. The battleground races included:
Recent news
All times Eastern Standard Time
Nov. 11, 2024
- 4:08 p.m.: Elizabeth Steiner Hayward (D) won the treasurer election in Oregon, defeating Brian Boquist (R/Constitution Party) and Mary King (Pacific Green Party, Working Families Party).[1]
Nov. 7, 2024
- 9:56 a.m.: Tina Cannon (R) won the auditor election in Utah, defeating Catherine Voutaz (D).[2]
Nov. 6, 2024
- 2:37 p.m.: Dave Boliek (R) won the auditor election in North Carolina, defeating incumbent Jessica Holmes (D).[3] Ballotpedia identified this as a battleground race. Click here to learn more.
- 4:20 a.m.: James Brown (R) won the auditor election in Montana, defeating John Repke (D).[4]
- 3:38 a.m.: Incumbent Timothy DeFoor (R) was re-elected auditor in Pennsylvania, defeating Malcolm Kenyatta (D), Reece Smith (L), Alan Goodrich (C), and Eric Anton (American Solidarity Party).[5] Ballotpedia identified this as a battleground race. Click here to learn more.
- 3:28 a.m.: Incumbent Stacy Garrity (R) was re-elected treasurer in Pennsylvania, defeating Erin McClelland (D), Nickolas Ciesielski (L), Troy Bowman (C), and Chris Foster (Forward Party).[6] Ballotpedia identified this as a battleground race. Click here to learn more.
- 1:54 a.m.: Incumbent Mike Pellicciotti (D) won the treasurer election in Washington, defeating Sharon Hanek (R).[7]
- 1:24 a.m.: Brad Briner (R) won the treasurer election in North Carolina, defeating Wesley Harris (D).[8] Ballotpedia identified this as a battleground race. Click here to learn more.
- 12:34 a.m.: Incumbent Vivek Malek (R) was re-elected treasurer in Missouri, defeating Mark Osmack (D), John Hartwig (L), and Reagn Haase (G).[9]
Nov. 5, 2024
- 11:42 p.m.: Incumbent Josh Gallion (R) was re-elected auditor in North Dakota, defeating Timothy Lamb (D).[10]
- 11:30 p.m.:
- Incumbent Thomas Beadle (R) was re-elected treasurer in North Dakota. Beadle was unopposed on the general election ballot.[11]
- Incumbent Michael Pieciak (D) was re-elected treasurer in Vermont, defeating Joshua Bechhoefer (R).[12]
- 10:28 p.m.: John Thurston (R) won the treasurer election in Arkansas, defeating John Pagan (D) and Michael Pakko (L).[13]
- 10:19 p.m.: Incumbent Doug Hoffer (D) was re-elected auditor in Vermont, defeating H. Brooke Paige (R).[14]
- 8:59 p.m.: Mark Hunt (R) won the auditor election in West Virginia, defeating Mary Ann Claytor (D).[15]
- 8:15 p.m.: Incumbent Larry Pack (R) was re-elected treasurer in West Virginia, defeating two write-in candidates: Mike Tremblay (L) and Gabriel Covington (I).[16]
Appointing authorities
- Republicans maintained the governorship a majority in the Montana State Senate, retaining appointment authority over the state treasurer.[17]
- Democrats maintained the governorship, and Republicans maintained majorities in the North Carolina State Senate and House, leaving appointment authority over the state controller indeterminate.[18]
- Republicans maintained majorities in the Tennessee State Senate and House, retaining appointment authority over the state comptroller.[19]
- Republicans maintained majorities in the Texas State Senate and House, retaining appointment authority over the state auditor.[20]
- Republicans maintained majorities in the Wisconsin State Senate and Assembly, retaining appointment authority over the state auditor.[21]
Offices on the ballot in 2024
In 2024, there were 18 state financial officerships directly on the ballot—six Democratic and twelve Republican—and nine state financial officers whose appointment was determined by other elections on the ballot. The table below highlights the partisan balance of those 27 positions before and after the election.
| State financial officer seats up in 2024 (direct elections and appointed positions) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of the 2024 elections | After the 2024 elections | |
| Democratic Party | 8 | 8 | |
| Republican Party | 18 | 18 | |
| Indeterminate | 1 | 1 | |
| Uncalled races | |||
| Total | 27 | 27 | |
| State financial officer seats up in 2024 (direct elections) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of the 2024 elections | After the 2024 elections | |
| Democratic Party | 6 | 5 | |
| Republican Party | 12 | 13 | |
| Uncalled races | |||
| Total | 18 | 18 | |
| State financial officer seats up in 2024 (appointed positions) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of the 2024 elections | After the 2024 elections | |
| Democratic Party | 2 | 3 | |
| Republican Party | 6 | 5 | |
| Indeterminate | 1 | 1 | |
| Uncalled races | |||
| Total | 9 | 9 | |
The map below highlights state financial officer seats that were both directly and indirectly on the ballot in 2024.
Treasurers
Heading into the 2024 elections, there were nine Republican and four Democratic treasurer seats up. The table below highlights the partisan balance of all 13 treasurers before and after the 2024 elections.
| Treasurer seats up in 2024 (direct elections and appointed positions) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of the 2024 elections | After the 2024 elections | |
| Democratic Party | 4 | 4 | |
| Republican Party | 9 | 9 | |
| Uncalled races | |||
| Total | 13 | 13 | |
| Treasurer seats up in 2024 (direct elections) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of the 2024 elections | After the 2024 elections | |
| Democratic Party | 3 | 3 | |
| Republican Party | 7 | 7 | |
| Uncalled races | |||
| Total | 10 | 10 | |
| Treasurer seats up in 2024 (appointed positions) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of the 2024 elections | After the 2024 elections | |
| Democratic Party | 1 | 1 | |
| Republican Party | 2 | 2 | |
| Uncalled races | |||
| Total | 3 | 3 | |
Auditors
Heading into the 2024 elections, there were eight Republican and four Democratic auditor seats up. The table below highlights the partisan balance of all 12 auditors before and after the 2024 elections.
| Auditor seats up in 2024 (direct elections and appointed positions) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of the 2024 elections | After the 2024 elections | |
| Democratic Party | 4 | 4 | |
| Republican Party | 8 | 8 | |
| Uncalled races | |||
| Total | 12 | 12 | |
| Auditor seats up in 2024 (direct elections) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of the 2024 elections | After the 2024 elections | |
| Democratic Party | 3 | 2 | |
| Republican Party | 5 | 6 | |
| Uncalled races | |||
| Total | 8 | 8 | |
| Auditor seats up in 2024 (appointed positions) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of the 2024 elections | After the 2024 elections | |
| Democratic Party | 1 | 2 | |
| Republican Party | 3 | 2 | |
| Uncalled races | |||
| Total | 4 | 4 | |
Comptrollers
Heading into the 2024 elections, there was 1 Republican and no Democratic comptroller seats up. The table below highlights the partisan balance of all comptrollers before and after the 2024 elections.
| Comptroller seats up in 2024 (appointed positions) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of the 2024 elections | After the 2024 elections | |
| Democratic Party | 0 | 0 | |
| Republican Party | 1 | 1 | |
| Indeterminate | 1 | 1 | |
| Uncalled races | |||
| Total | 2 | 2 | |
Partisan balance of all state financial officers
| State financial officers partisan breakdown (direct elections) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of the 2024 elections | After the 2024 elections | |
| Democratic Party | 26 | 25 | |
| Republican Party | 43 | 44 | |
| Uncalled races | |||
| Total | 69 | 69 | |
| State financial officers partisan breakdown (appointed positions) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Party | As of the 2024 elections | After the 2024 elections | |
| Democratic Party | 14 | 15 | |
| Republican Party | 17 | 16 | |
| Indeterminate | 6 | 6 | |
| Uncalled races | |||
| Total | 37 | 37 | |
About the offices
- See also: State executive officials
Auditor
- See also: Auditor (state executive office)
The auditor is a state-level position in 48 states that supervises and has administrative rights over the accounting and financial functions of the state. Additionally, auditors act as watchdogs over other state agencies, performing internal government audits and investigating fraud allegations.
The state auditor belongs to either the executive or legislative branch, depending on state. While both offices are similar in function, a legislative auditor functions primarily under the state legislature and is not considered a state executive office.
The auditor may be elected or appointed, depending on the state. Terms of office range from four to 10 years and may be indefinite, served at the pleasure of the appointing body. In instances where the auditor is an appointee, appointment is usually done through some form of nomination in a subcommittee of the legislature and a confirmatory vote before the General Assembly.
Some states assign the same portfolio to another state level financial officer, such as the treasurer or the comptroller.
There are a total of 23 legislative auditor offices and 33 state executive auditor offices. A total of eight states have both auditor offices.
Comptroller
- See also: Controller (state executive office)
Controller, also known as comptroller, is a state-level position in 19 states. Most controllers and comptrollers share duties similar to state treasurers, exercising varying powers related to budgetary and management matters.
The controller is popularly elected in nine states, appointed by the governor in another nine, and appointed by the state legislature in Tennessee. In 2017, controller salaries ranged from $92,007 in South Carolina to $195,972 in Tennessee.
Treasurer
- See also: Treasurer (state executive office)
In the United States, the treasurer of a state is the official charged with overseeing revenue and finances and generally acting as the state's chief banker. Every state in the United States has a treasurer, though some have a different official title for the office. In New York and Texas there is no treasurer—instead, those duties are performed by the controller.
Most states elect the treasurer; of those states, it is common for treasurer to be a constitutional executive office. Some states, however, treat the position as a member of the governor's cabinet, thus making the position a gubernatorial appointment.
The position of state treasurer exists in 48 states; it is elected in 36 and appointed in 12. Of the 12 states to appoint state treasurers, the governor is responsible for appointment in eight while the legislature is responsible in the other four. In 2017, state treasurer salaries ranged from $195,972 in Tennessee to $68,500 in Colorado.
As opposed to treasurers in the corporate world, state treasurers are often elected partisan offices who administer various programs and have control over financial decisions without being involved in the highly detailed day-to-day bookkeeping and accounting.
In some states, the treasurer may share financial duties with a comptroller, a chief financial officer or an auditor. Areas that often fall under a treasurer's job description include:
- Debt management and debt policy
- Disaster preparation
- Pension fund administration
- Oversight to prevent fraud with public money
- Payroll matters for public employees
- Investing public funds and managing portfolios
Analysis of state elections, 2024
State legislative elections
- See also: State legislative elections, 2024
In the 50 states, there are 99 state legislative chambers altogether. Across 44 states, 85 of those chambers held regular legislative elections in 2024. These elections were for 5,807 of the country's 7,386 state legislative seats (79%). The general election for state legislative races was held on November 5, 2024.
Two state legislative chambers, the Michigan and Minnesota state Houses, changed party control following the 2024 general election. Republicans won control of the Michigan House from Democrats, and won a tie in the Minnesota House.
To learn more about the state legislative races that were on your ballot, click here to use our Sample Ballot Lookup tool.
States are also holding special state legislative elections in 2024 to fill vacant seats. Click here for more.
In the U.S. Territories, seven legislative chambers held regularly scheduled elections for 169 seats in 2024. Elections were held for the American Samoa House of Representatives, the Guam Legislature, the Puerto Rico Senate and House of Representatives, the Northern Mariana Islands Senate and House of Representatives, and the U.S. Virgin Islands Legislature.
As of September 6th, 2025, Republicans controlled 55.48% of all state legislative seats nationally, while Democrats held 43.68%. Republicans held a majority in 57 chambers, and Democrats held the majority in 39 chambers. Two chambers (Alaska House and Alaska Senate) were organized under multipartisan, power-sharing coalitions. One chamber (Minnesota House of Representatives) was split evenly between both parties.
| Partisan balance of all 7,386 state legislative seats | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Legislative chamber | 
|
|
 Other
|
Vacant | ||||
| State senates | 834 | 1,121 | 5 | 13 | ||||
| State houses | 2,392 | 2,977 | 20 | 24 | ||||
| Total: | 3,226
|
4,098
|
25
|
37 | ||||
Featured analysis
- State legislative seats that changed party control in 2024: As a result of the Nov. 5, 2024, elections, partisan composition of all 7,386 state legislative seats changed by 0.7 percentage points. Democrats had a net loss of 54 seats, representing 0.7% of all state legislative seats. Republicans had a net gain of 55 seats, representing 0.7% of all state legislative seats. Independents and minor party officeholders had a net loss of one seat, representing 0.01% of all state legislative seats.
- Annual State Legislative Competitiveness Report: Vol. 12, 2022: Competitiveness refers to the presence of choice throughout the election cycle. A greater level of competitiveness means voters have the ability to make more decisions. A lower level of competitiveness equals fewer choices. State legislative competitiveness in 2022 reached its highest level compared to all even-year election cycles since 2010. In 2022, the nationwide State Legislative Competitiveness Index is 36.2, beating out 2018 (36.1) and the 2012 post-redistricting cycle (35.2).
Tap the box below to show more analysis articles related to the 2024 state legislative elections.
- Annual Competitiveness Report
- State legislative special elections
- Primary election competitiveness in state and federal government, 2024
- Impact of term limits
- Open seats
- Contested primaries
- Incumbents in contested primaries
- Data on incumbents defeated in 2024
- Major party competition
- Unconstested incumbents
- Trifecta vulnerability in the 2024 elections
- Candidates with the same last names, 2024
- Rematches in 2024 general elections
- Ballotpedia's Top 15 Elections to Watch, 2024
- Trends in the margins of victory for incumbents of three or more terms, 2018-2024
- Election results, 2024: State legislative veto-proof majorities
- Wave election analysis
- Election results, 2024: Incumbent win rates by state
- Election results, 2024: Uncontested races by state
- Incumbents who won primaries by five percentage points or fewer or with a plurality, 2024
- Margin of victory analysis for the 2024 state legislative elections
- Election results, 2024: State legislative races decided by fewer than 100 votes
State executive elections
- See also: State executive official elections, 2024
State executive offices up for election in 2024 included 11 gubernatorial seats, nine lieutenant gubernatorial seats, 10 attorney general seats, and seven secretary of state seats. Including down-ballot races, there were 167 state executive seats up for election across 30 states in 2024.[22]
In 2022, 307 state executive offices were up for election across 44 states. Twenty offices changed party control, including two previously held Republican lieutenant governorships that changed parties because the governor and lieutenant governor ran on a joint ticket. Of the 18 offices which changed partisan control due to direct election, 10 switched from Democrat to Republican, seven switched from Republican to Democrat, and one nonpartisan official was succeeded by a Republican. A total of 26 incumbents seeking re-election to state executive offices were defeated, with 10 of those losing in the general election and 16 losing in their party's primary or nominating convention.
Featured analysis (from 2022)
- Trifecta vulnerability in the 2022 elections: Thirteen state government trifectas were vulnerable in the 2022 elections, according to Ballotpedia's annual trifecta vulnerability ratings. Democrats defended seven vulnerable trifectas and Republicans defended six. A state government trifecta occurs when one party holds the governorship and majorities in both chambers of the state legislature. At the time of the 2022 elections, there were 37 state government trifectas: 23 Republican trifectas and 14 Democratic trifectas. The remaining 13 states had a divided government where neither party had a trifecta.
- State government triplexes: Heading into the November 8 elections, there were 23 Republican triplexes, 18 Democratic triplexes, and 9 divided governments where neither party held triplex control. A state government triplex is a term to describe when one political party holds the following three positions in a state's government: governor, attorney general, and secretary of state.[23] In states where the attorney general or secretary of state are appointed by the governor, Ballotpedia considers the office to be held by the governor's party for the purposes of defining triplexes.[24]
- Annual State Executive Competitiveness Report: Ballotpedia's 2022 study of competitiveness in state executive official elections found that 37.1% of incumbents did not seek re-election, leaving those offices open. This was higher than in 2020 (35.6%) and 2014 (32.7%) but lower than in 2018 (38.6%) and 2016 (45.2%). The decade average for open offices was 37.8%.
Tap the box below to show more analysis articles related to the 2024 state executive elections.
- State executive official elections overview
- State executive officials election results
- Primary election competitiveness in state and federal government, 2024
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- Split-ticket states in the 2024 presidential and gubernatorial elections
- Secretary of State elections
- Attorney General elections
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- State government trifectas
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- Rematches in 2024 general elections
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- Trends in the margins of victory for incumbents of three or more terms, 2018-2024
- Ballotpedia's Top 15 Elections to Watch, 2024
- Wave election analysis
- Incumbents who won primaries by five percentage points or fewer or with a plurality, 2024
State judicial elections
- See also: State judicial elections, 2024
A total of 306 appellate court seats were up for election in 2024. The seats included:
- 83 supreme court seats.
- 223 intermediate appellate court seats.
Ballotpedia provided coverage of supreme court and intermediate appellate court elections, as well as local trial court elections for judges within the 100 largest cities in the United States as measured by population.
In addition, in the U.S. Territories, four judges were on the ballot in retention elections in 2024. One judge on the Guam Supreme Court, two on the Guam Superior Court, and one on the Northern Mariana Islands Superior Court stood for retention to remain on the bench.
Featured analysis
- Partisanship of state supreme court judges: In June 2020, Ballotpedia conducted a study into the partisanship of state supreme court justices. The study placed each justice into one of five categories indicating confidence in their affiliations with either the Democratic or Republican Parties. These categories were Strong Democratic, Mild Democratic, Indeterminate, Mild Republican, and Strong Republican.
Tap the box below to show more analysis articles related to the 2024 state judicial elections.
See also
- Election results, 2024
- Election results, 2024: Governors
- State executive official elections, 2024
- Auditor (state executive office)
- Controller (state executive office)
- Treasurer (state executive office)
- State government triplexes
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Footnotes
- ↑ New York Times, "Oregon Election Results," accessed November 11, 2024
- ↑ New York Times, "Utah Election Results," accessed November 7, 2024
- ↑ USA Today, "2024 North Carolina General Elections Results - Auditor," November 6, 2024
- ↑ Montana Free Press, "James Brown wins election as state auditor," Nov. 6, 2024
- ↑ The Philadelphia Inquirer, "Incumbent Tim DeFoor defeats State Rep. Malcolm Kenyatta in Pa. auditor general race," Nov. 6, 2024
- ↑ The Philadelphia Inquirer, "Incumbent Republican Stacy Garrity wins reelection in Pa. treasurer race," Nov. 6, 2024
- ↑ The New York Times, "Washington Election Results," November 6, 2024
- ↑ WBTV, "AP: Brad Briner elected North Carolina treasurer in 2024 race," Nov. 6, 2024
- ↑ Missouri Independent, "Vivek Malek wins full term as Missouri treasurer," Nov. 5, 2024
- ↑ North Dakota Monitor, "Gallion elected to third term as North Dakota state auditor," Nov. 5, 2024
- ↑ The Jamestown Sun, "Beadle leads in reelection effort for state treasurer," Nov. 5, 2024
- ↑ WCAX, "Pieciak tallies another win for treasurer," Nov. 5, 2024
- ↑ KARK, "Arkansas treasurer race goes to Thurston," Nov. 5, 2024
- ↑ WCAX, "Hoffer notches 6th term as Vt. auditor," Nov. 5, 2024
- ↑ West Virginia Watch, "Republican Hunt defeats Democrat Claytor for West Virginia auditor," Nov. 5, 2024
- ↑ MetroNews, "Statewide winners include J.B. McCuskey, Kris Warner, Mark Hunt, Kent Leonhardt and Larry Pack," Nov. 5, 2024
- ↑ New York Times, "Montana election results," accessed Nov. 6, 2024
- ↑ New York Times, "North Carolina election results," accessed Nov. 6, 2024
- ↑ New York Times, "Tennessee election results," accessed Nov. 5, 2024
- ↑ New York Times, "Texas election results," accessed Nov. 6, 2024
- ↑ New York Times, "Wisconsin election results," accessed Nov. 6, 2024
- ↑ Ballotpedia describes the offices of governor, lieutenant governor, attorney general, and secretary of state as top-ballot state executive offices. Down-ballot state executive offices that exist in all 50 states include superintendent of schools, insurance commissioner, agriculture commissioner, labor commissioner, and public service commissioner. Examples of other down-ballot state executive offices include treasurer, auditor, and comptroller.
- ↑ Ballotpedia chose to highlight these offices because they are typically the most visible positions in states and serve important administrative functions.
- ↑ This is because it is very uncommon for an attorney general or secretary of state appointed by a governor to often be in direct conflict with that governor.
