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Jeff Denham

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Jeff Denham
Image of Jeff Denham

Republican Party

Prior offices
California State Senate District 12
U.S. House California District 10
Successor: Josh Harder
Predecessor: John Garamendi

Compensation

Net worth

(2012) $15,705,002

Elections and appointments
Last election

March 3, 2020

Education

Associate

Victor Valley Junior College

Bachelor's

California Polytechnic State University

Military

Service / branch

U.S. Air Force

Years of service

1984 - 1988

Personal
Religion
Christian: Presbyterian
Profession
Business
Contact

Campaign website

Campaign Facebook

Campaign Twitter

Jeff Denham (Republican Party) was a member of the U.S. House, representing California's 10th Congressional District. He assumed office on January 3, 2011. He left office on January 3, 2019.

Denham (Republican Party) ran for election to the U.S. House to represent California's 10th Congressional District. He did not appear on the ballot for the primary on March 3, 2020.

Biography

Denham was born in Hawthorne, California. He earned his A.A. from Victor Valley Junior College in 1989 and a B.A. from California Polytechnic State University in 1992.[1]

Career

Below is an abbreviated outline of Denham's academic, professional, and political career:[1]

Denham has earned the following awards:

  • Legislator of the Year by the California State Sheriffs' Association (2004)
  • Outstanding Legislator by the California State Sheriff's Association (2005)
  • Legislator of the Year by the California Small Business Association (2005)
  • Most Progressive Law Enforcement Leader of the Year by A Woman's Place of Merced (2005)
  • California Teachers Association Gold Award (2005)[2]

Elections

2020

See also: California's 10th Congressional District election, 2020

General election

General election for U.S. House California District 10

Incumbent Josh Harder defeated Ted Howze in the general election for U.S. House California District 10 on November 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Josh Harder
Josh Harder (D)
 
55.2
 
166,865
Image of Ted Howze
Ted Howze (R) Candidate Connection
 
44.8
 
135,629

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 302,494
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

Nonpartisan primary for U.S. House California District 10

The following candidates ran in the primary for U.S. House California District 10 on March 3, 2020.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Josh Harder
Josh Harder (D)
 
44.1
 
69,668
✔
Image of Ted Howze
Ted Howze (R) Candidate Connection
 
33.9
 
53,574
Image of Bob Elliott
Bob Elliott (R)
 
13.0
 
20,481
Image of Mike Barkley
Mike Barkley (D)
 
3.5
 
5,561
Image of Marla Livengood
Marla Livengood (R)
 
3.3
 
5,270
Image of Ryan Blevins
Ryan Blevins (D) Candidate Connection
 
2.2
 
3,536

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 158,090
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

2018

See also: California's 10th Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House California District 10

Josh Harder defeated incumbent Jeff Denham in the general election for U.S. House California District 10 on November 6, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Josh Harder
Josh Harder (D)
 
52.3
 
115,945
Image of Jeff Denham
Jeff Denham (R)
 
47.7
 
105,955

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 221,900
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Nonpartisan primary election

Nonpartisan primary for U.S. House California District 10

The following candidates ran in the primary for U.S. House California District 10 on June 5, 2018.

Candidate
%
Votes
✔
Image of Jeff Denham
Jeff Denham (R)
 
37.5
 
45,719
✔
Image of Josh Harder
Josh Harder (D)
 
17.0
 
20,742
Image of Ted Howze
Ted Howze (R)
 
14.6
 
17,723
Image of Michael Eggman
Michael Eggman (D)
 
10.2
 
12,446
Image of Virginia Madueno
Virginia Madueno (D)
 
9.2
 
11,178
Image of Sue Zwahlen
Sue Zwahlen (D)
 
8.2
 
9,945
Image of Mike Barkley
Mike Barkley (D)
 
2.4
 
2,904
Image of Dotty Nygard
Dotty Nygard (D)
 
0.9
 
1,100

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.

Total votes: 121,757
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.

Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

2016

See also: California's 10th Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as a race to watch. Incumbent Jeff Denham (R) defeated Michael Eggman (D) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Denham and Eggman defeated Robert Hodges (R) and Michael Barkley (D) in the top-two primary on June 7, 2016.[3][4]

U.S. House, California District 10 General Election, 2016
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngJeff Denham Incumbent 51.7% 124,671
     Democratic Michael Eggman 48.3% 116,470
Total Votes 241,141
Source: California Secretary of State


U.S. House, California District 10 Primary, 2016
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngJeff Denham Incumbent 47.7% 61,290
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngMichael Eggman 27.6% 35,413
     Democratic Michael Barkley 14.5% 18,576
     Republican Robert Hodges 10.2% 13,130
Total Votes 128,409
Source: California Secretary of State

Denham was a member of the National Republican Congressional Committee's Patriot Program. The program was designed to help protect vulnerable Republican incumbents heading into the 2016 election.[5]

2014

See also: California's 10th Congressional District elections, 2014
SimmeringRace.jpg
U.S. House, California District 10 General Election, 2014
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngJeff Denham Incumbent 56.1% 70,582
     Democratic Michael Eggman 43.9% 55,123
Total Votes 125,705
Source: California Secretary of State
U.S. House, California District 10 Primary, 2014
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngJeff Denham Incumbent 58.9% 44,237
     Democratic Green check mark transparent.pngMichael Eggman 26.4% 19,804
     Democratic Mike Barkley 14.7% 11,005
Total Votes 75,046
Source: California Secretary of State

2012

See also: California's 10th Congressional District elections, 2012
U.S. House, California District 10 General Election, 2012
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngJeff Denham Incumbent 52.7% 110,265
     Democratic Jose Hernandez 47.3% 98,934
Total Votes 209,199
Source: California Secretary of State "Official Election Results, 2012 General Election"
U.S. House, California District 10 Open Primary, 2012
Candidate Vote % Votes
Green check mark transparent.pngJeff Denham (R) Incumbent 49.2% 45,779
Green check mark transparent.pngJose Hernandez (D) 28% 26,072
Chad Condit (NPP) 15% 13,983
Michael Barkley (D) 5.4% 5,028
Toroy Wayne McComak (NPP) 2.3% 2,114
Total Votes 92,976

Full history


2006

California State Senate, District 12
Candidates Votes
Green check mark transparent.png Jeff Denham (R) 90,288
Wiley Nickel (D) 65,130

Campaign themes

2020

Ballotpedia survey responses

See also: Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection

Jeff Denham did not complete Ballotpedia's 2020 Candidate Connection survey.

2018

Campaign website

Denham's campaign website stated the following: {{#California's 10th Congressional District election, 2018|denhamthemes}}

2012

Denham's campaign website listed the following issues:[7]

  • Healthcare
Excerpt: "Americans need improved access to greater quality and more affordable healthcare. While we have the best trained medical professionals and the most technologically advanced facilities and equipment, our health care system is too complex and exclusive, and many individuals fall through the cracks."
  • Protecting Medicare Benefits For Our Seniors
Excerpt: "I won’t support any plan that will rob our seniors of the Medicare benefits they have paid into for their entire lives. They have earned those benefits. I want to guarantee that anyone over the age of 55 will see the benefits they deserve."
  • Economy and Jobs
Excerpt: "Currently, the unemployment rate in the San Joaquin Valley rests at an unacceptable 17 percent. We can turn this around and restore jobs to the Valley but it will require the adoption of pro-growth policies."
  • Veterans
Excerpt: "I am proud to have served my country in the United States Air Force, and I have tremendous respect for America’s military men and women who have consistently served our country with honor and valor."
  • Defense
Excerpt: "The most important duty of Congress is to provide for the defense of our nation. We must be prepared to fully support the needs of our troops in the field while preparing to meet future threats. These threats will come from other nations as well as terrorist networks that continue to threaten our way of life."

Committee assignments

U.S. House

2017-2018

At the beginning of the 115th Congress, Denham was assigned to the following committees:[8]

2015-2016

Denham served on the following committees:[9]

2013-2014

Denham served on the following committees:[10]

2011-2012

Denham served on the following committees:[11]

State Senate

2009-2010

Denham served on these legislative committees:

Key votes

See also: Key votes

Ballotpedia monitors legislation that receives a vote and highlights the ones that we consider to be key to understanding where elected officials stand on the issues. To read more about how we identify key votes, click here.

Key votes: 115th Congress, 2017-2018

For detailed information about each vote, click here.

Key votes: Previous sessions of Congress

Issues

Poll on 2013 immigration plan

Several Republican members of the U.S. House may have faced a tougher path to re-election in 2014 because the Gang of Eight's immigration bill did not pass in the House in 2013, according to a Public Policy Poll released in July 2013.[125]

According to the poll, a majority of voters in seven Republican congressional districts said they were less likely to vote for their representative if he or she failed to support the plan. Public Policy Polling described the bill to respondents, saying that it would "secure our borders, block employers from hiring undocumented immigrants, and make sure that undocumented immigrants already in the U.S. with no criminal record register for legal status. If a long list of requirements is met over more than a decade, it provides eligibility for a path to citizenship."[126]

Denham represented one of those seven districts. Voters also reported in the poll that they were less likely to support Republican candidates in the 2014 general election if the Republican House members blocked this immigration proposal.[125] Voters in all seven districts had at least 61 percent support for the Senate’s immigration plan.[125]

In October 2013, Denham became the first House Republican to publicly announce his support of the immigration bill the Senate passed earlier in 2013, largely due to the efforts of the Senate's bipartisan Gang of Eight.[127]

Legislative scorecard

Capitol Weekly, California's major weekly periodical covering the state legislature, publishes an annual legislative scorecard to pin down the political or ideological leanings of every member of the legislature based on how they voted on an assortment of bills in the most recent legislative session. The 2009 scores were passed on votes on 19 bills, but did not include how legislators voted on the Proposition 1A (2009). On the scorecard, "100" is a perfect liberal score and "0" is a perfect conservative score.[128][129]

On the 2009 Capitol Weekly legislative scorecard, Denham ranked as a 17.[130]

Presidential preference

See also: Republicans and their declared positions on Donald Trump

2016 presidential endorsement

✓ Denham endorsed Jeb Bush for the Republican primary in the 2016 U.S. presidential election.[131]

See also: Endorsements for Jeb Bush

On March 14, 2016, Denham tweeted: “I will be supporting the Republican nominee.”[132] He did not mention Donald Trump in his statement.


2012

See also: Endorsements by state officials of presidential candidates in the 2012 election

Jeff Denham endorsed Mitt Romney in the 2012 presidential election.[133]

Campaign finance summary

Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.

Jeff Denham campaign contribution history
YearOfficeStatusContributionsExpenditures
2020U.S. House California District 10Withdrew primary$50,131 $103,993
2018U.S. House California District 10Lost general$4,864,094 N/A**
2016U.S. House, California District 10Won $3,332,562 N/A**
2014U.S. House (California, District 10)Won $2,762,283 N/A**
2012U.S. House California District 10Won $2,756,588 N/A**
2010U.S. House California District 19Won $1,256,745 N/A**
** Data on expenditures is not available for this election cycle
Note: Totals above reflect only available data.

2008 recall

Main article: Jeff Denham recall

Denham faced a recall election on June 3, 2008, in which he retained his seat.

Personal Gain Index

Congressional Personal Gain Index graphic.png
See also: Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)

The Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress) is a two-part measurement that illustrates the extent to which members of the U.S. Congress have prospered during their tenure as public servants.
It consists of two different metrics:

PGI: Change in net worth

See also: Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index) and Net worth of United States Senators and Representatives
Net Worth Metric graphic.png

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Denham's net worth as of 2012 was estimated between $5,310,006 and $26,099,999. That averages to $15,705,002, which is higher than the average net worth of Republican representatives in 2012 of $7,614,097.96. Denham ranked as the 38th most wealthy representative in 2012.[134] Between 2009 and 2012, Denham's calculated net worth[135] increased by an average of 661 percent per year. Between 2004 and 2012, the average annual percentage increase for a member of Congress was 15.4 percent.[136]

Jeff Denham Yearly Net Worth
YearAverage Net Worth
2009$754,482
2012$15,705,002
Growth from 2009 to 2012:1,982%
Average annual growth:661%[137]
Comparatively, the American citizen experienced a median yearly decline in net worth of -0.94%.[138]

The data used to calculate changes in net worth may include changes resulting from assets gained through marriage, inheritance, changes in family estates and/or trusts, changes in family business ownership, and many other variables unrelated to a member's behavior in Congress.

PGI: Donation Concentration Metric

See also: The Donation Concentration Metric (U.S. Congress Personal Gain Index)

Filings required by the Federal Election Commission report on the industries that give to each candidate. Using campaign filings and information calculated by OpenSecrets.org, Ballotpedia calculated the percentage of donations by industry received by each incumbent over the course of his or her career (or 1989 and later, if elected prior to 1988). Denham received the most donations from individuals and PACs employed by the Crop Production & Basic Processing industry.

From 2009-2014, 30.37 percent of Denham's career contributions came from the top five industries as listed below.[139]

Donation Concentration Metric graphic.png
Jeff Denham Campaign Contributions
Total Raised $5,965,184
Total Spent $4,277,132
Top five industries that contributed to campaign committee
Crop Production & Basic Processing$713,612
Leadership PACs$413,107
Casinos/Gambling$293,020
Real Estate$218,890
Dairy$172,714
% total in top industry11.96%
% total in top two industries18.89%
% total in top five industries30.37%

Analysis

Ideology and leadership

See also: GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking

Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by GovTrack, Denham was a rank-and-file Republican as of July 2014. This was the same rating Denham received in June 2013.[140]

Like-minded colleagues

The website OpenCongress tracks the voting records of each member to determine with whom he or she votes most and least often. The results include a member from each party.[141]

Denham most often voted with:

Denham least often voted with:

Lifetime voting record

See also: Lifetime voting records of United States Senators and Representatives

According to the website GovTrack, Denham missed 51 of 3,315 roll call votes from January 2011 to September 2015. This amounted to 1.5 percent, which was lower than the median of 2.2 percent among representatives as of September 2015.[142]

Congressional staff salaries

See also: Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives

The website Legistorm compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. Denham paid his congressional staff a total of $907,508 in 2011. He ranked 123rd on the list of the lowest paid Republican representative staff salaries and ranked 152nd overall of the lowest paid representative staff salaries in 2011. Overall, California ranked 5th in average salary for representative staff. The average U.S. House of Representatives congressional staff was paid $954,912.20 in fiscal year 2011.[143]

National Journal vote ratings

See also: National Journal vote ratings

Each year National Journal publishes an analysis of how liberally or conservatively each member of Congress voted in the previous year. Click the link above for the full ratings of all members of Congress.

2013

Denham ranked 209th in the conservative rankings in 2013.[144]

2012

Denham ranked 163rd in the conservative rankings in 2012.[145]

2011

Denham ranked 71st in the conservative rankings in 2011.[146]

Voting with party

The website OpenCongress tracks how often members of Congress vote with the majority of the chamber caucus.

2014

Denham voted with the Republican Party 92.6 percent of the time, which ranked 172nd among the 234 House Republican members as of July 2014.Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; invalid names, e.g. too many

2013

Denham voted with the Republican Party 96.4 percent of the time, which ranked 139th among the 233 House Republican members as of June 2013.Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; invalid names, e.g. too many

Personal

Note: Please contact us if the personal information below requires an update.
Denham and his wife, Sonia, have two children.

See also

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External links

 

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, "Jeff Denham"
  2. ↑ "Victory Valley College," "Jeff Denham Biography," 5/26/14
  3. ↑ California Secretary of State, "Certified List of Candidates for Voter-Nominated Offices June 7, 2016, Presidential Primary Election," accessed April 4, 2016
  4. ↑ The New York Times, "California Primary Results," June 7, 2016
  5. ↑ NRCC, "Patriot Program," accessed May 4, 2015
  6. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 2010," accessed March 28, 2013
  7. ↑ Campaign website, "Issues," accessed August 10, 2012
  8. ↑ U.S. House Clerk, "Official Alphabetical List of the House of Representatives of the United States One Hundred Fifteenth Congress," accessed February 2, 2017
  9. ↑ U.S. House of Representatives, Office of the Clerk, "Committee Information," accessed February 18, 2015
  10. ↑ CQ.com, "House Committee Rosters for the 113th Congress," accessed March 3, 2013
  11. ↑ United States Representative Jeff Denham, Proudly Serving You in Congress, "Committees and Caucuses," accessed August 1, 2011
  12. ↑ California Senate, "Senate Business, Professions and Economic Development committee membership list," accessed March 1, 2010 (dead link)
  13. ↑ California Senate, "Senate Education committee membership list," accessed March 1, 2010 (dead link)
  14. ↑ California Senate, "Senate Standing Committee on Food and Agriculture," accessed March 1, 2010 (dead link)
  15. ↑ California Senate, "Senate Standing Committee on Veterans Affairs," accessed March 1, 2010
  16. ↑ California Senate, "Senate Standing Committee on Government Organization," accessed March 1, 2010 (dead link)
  17. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 434," accessed December 13, 2018
  18. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 284," June 21, 2018
  19. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 282," June 21, 2018
  20. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 434," accessed March 12, 2019
  21. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 549," October 3, 2017
  22. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 344," June 29, 2017
  23. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 342," June 29, 2017
  24. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 256," May 4, 2017
  25. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 405," September 26, 2018
  26. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 399," September 13, 2018
  27. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 313," June 28, 2018
  28. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 257," June 8, 2018
  29. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 216," May 22, 2018
  30. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 127," March 22, 2018
  31. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 69," February 9, 2018
  32. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 60," February 6, 2018
  33. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 44," January 22, 2018
  34. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 33," January 18, 2018
  35. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 708," December 21, 2017
  36. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 692," December 19, 2017
  37. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 670," December 7, 2017
  38. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 637," November 16, 2017
  39. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 589," October 26, 2017
  40. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 557," October 5, 2017
  41. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 528," September 14, 2017
  42. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 480," September 8, 2017
  43. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 441," September 6, 2017
  44. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 299," June 8, 2017
  45. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 249," May 3, 2017
  46. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 230," May 24, 2018
  47. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 49," January 30, 2018
  48. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 631," November 14, 2017
  49. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 435," July 27, 2017
  50. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 413," July 25, 2017
  51. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 437," July 28, 2017
  52. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 407," July 24, 2017
  53. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results For Roll Call 378," July 14, 2017
  54. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 136," March 8, 2017
  55. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 113th Congress," accessed April 29, 2015
  56. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 114th Congress," accessed January 5, 2017
  57. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the One Hundred Fourteenth Congress," April 13, 2015
  58. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 361," June 12, 2015
  59. ↑ Roll Call, "Deadline for TAA Do-Over Vote Extended to July 30 (Updated)," June 15, 2015
  60. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 362," June 12, 2015
  61. ↑ Roll Call, "Deadline for TAA Do-Over Vote Extended to July 30 (Updated)," June 15, 2015
  62. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 374," June 18, 2015
  63. ↑ Politico, "Trade turnaround: House backs new power for Obama," June 18, 2015
  64. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 388," June 24, 2015
  65. ↑ The Hill, "Obama signs trade bills," June 29, 2015
  66. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 239," accessed May 27, 2015
  67. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R. 1735," accessed May 27, 2015
  68. ↑ The Hill, "Redone defense policy bill sails through House," accessed November 12, 2015
  69. ↑ Congress.gov, "S. 1356," accessed November 12, 2015
  70. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 618," accessed November 12, 2015
  71. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to S. 1356)," accessed November 12, 2015
  72. ↑ Congress.gov, "S.Con.Res.11," accessed May 5, 2015
  73. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 183," accessed May 5, 2015
  74. ↑ The Hill, "Republicans pass a budget, flexing power of majority," accessed May 5, 2015
  75. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1314 - Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015," accessed November 1, 2015
  76. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 579," accessed November 1, 2015
  77. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1314)," accessed November 1, 2015
  78. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.1191 - Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015," accessed May 16, 2015
  79. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 226," accessed May 16, 2015
  80. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 3461," accessed September 11, 2015
  81. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 493," accessed September 11, 2015
  82. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 3460," accessed September 10, 2015
  83. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 494," accessed September 11, 2015
  84. ↑ Congress.gov, "H Res 411," accessed September 10, 2015
  85. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 492," accessed September 10, 2015
  86. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 597," accessed November 2, 2015
  87. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 576," accessed November 2, 2015
  88. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.2048," accessed May 26, 2015
  89. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 224," accessed May 26, 2015
  90. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 36 - the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act," accessed May 16, 2015
  91. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "HR 36," accessed May 16, 2015
  92. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1731," accessed November 2, 2015
  93. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 173," accessed November 2, 2015
  94. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1560 - Protecting Cyber Networks Act," accessed November 1, 2015
  95. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 170," accessed November 1, 2015
  96. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 4038 - the American SAFE Act of 2015," accessed November 20, 2015
  97. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 643," accessed November 20, 2015
  98. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 112th Congress," accessed September 5, 2013
  99. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 113th Congress," accessed March 4, 2014
  100. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "HR 1960 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2014 - Voting Record," accessed September 16, 2013
  101. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "HR 2217 - DHS Appropriations Act of 2014 - Voting Record," accessed September 16, 2013
  102. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "HR 624 - CISPA (2013) - Voting Record," accessed September 16, 2013
  103. ↑ Clerk of U.S. House, "Roll Call Vote 31: H.R. 2642," accessed February 12, 2014
  104. ↑ Politico, "House clears farm bill," accessed February 12, 2014
  105. ↑ 105.0 105.1 New York Times, "Senate passes long-stalled farm bill, with clear winners and losers," accessed February 12, 2014
  106. ↑ 106.0 106.1 CNN.com, "House passes compromise $1.1 trillion budget for 2014," accessed January 20, 2014
  107. ↑ 107.0 107.1 107.2 107.3 U.S. House, "Roll Call Vote 21," accessed January 20, 2014 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "vote" defined multiple times with different content
  108. ↑ Roll Call, "House passes $1.1 trillion omnibus," accessed January 15, 2014
  109. ↑ Clerk of the U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 504," accessed October 31, 2013
  110. ↑ Buzzfeed, "Government Shutdown: How We Got Here," accessed October 1, 2013
  111. ↑ Clerk of the U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 504," accessed October 31, 2013
  112. ↑ The Washington Post, "Reid, McConnell propose bipartisan Senate bill to end shutdown, extend borrowing," accessed October 16, 2013
  113. ↑ U.S. House, "Final vote results for Roll Call 550," accessed October 31, 2013
  114. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "HR 273 - Eliminates the 2013 Statutory Pay Adjustment for Federal Employees - Voting Record," accessed September 16, 2013
  115. ↑ LA Times, "GOP rejects Dream Act-like deportation deferrals," accessed June 10, 2013
  116. ↑ 116.0 116.1 116.2 116.3 Huffington Post, "Steve King Amendment Passes House To Deport More Dreamers," accessed June 10, 2013
  117. ↑ Fox News, "House votes to resume deporting young DREAM Act immigrants," accessed June 10, 2013
  118. ↑ Huffington Post, "Steve King's Amendment To The Immigration Bill Worsens The GOP's Latino Problem," accessed June 10, 2013
  119. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "H Amdt 450 - Requires Congressional Approval for Any Rules Under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act - Voting Record," accessed September 16, 2013
  120. ↑ Project Vote Smart, "HR 1797 - Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act - Voting Record," accessed September 16, 2013
  121. ↑ U.S. House, "House Resolution 676," accessed July 30, 2014
  122. ↑ Associated Press, "Suing Obama: GOP-led House gives the go-ahead," July 31, 2014
  123. ↑ Washington Post, "House clears way for lawsuit against Obama," accessed July 30, 2014
  124. ↑ U.S. House, "Roll Call Vote on the Fiscal Cliff," accessed January 4, 2013
  125. ↑ 125.0 125.1 125.2 Politico, "7 GOPers who need immigration vote," accessed July 9, 2013
  126. ↑ Public Policy Polling, "House Republicans Could Face Voter Backlash if Immigration Reform Stalls," July 9, 2013
  127. ↑ The Washington Post, "Jeff Denham, political outlier," accessed October 28, 2013
  128. ↑ Capitol Weekly, "Capitol Weekly's Legislative Scorecard," December 17, 2009
  129. ↑ Fox and Hounds Daily, "Random Thoughts on the Political Scene," December 18, 2009
  130. ↑ Capitol Weekly, "2009 Capitol Weekly State Legislative Scorecard (Archived)," accessed March 13, 2014
  131. ↑ The Fresno Bee, "Rep. Jeff Denham endorses Jeb Bush for president," August 20, 2015
  132. ↑ Twitter, "Jeff Denham," accessed May 15, 2016
  133. ↑ The Hill, "Romney earns endorsement of freshman Rep. Jeff Denham," March 27, 2012
  134. ↑ OpenSecrets, "Jeff Denham (R-Calif), 2012," accessed February 18, 2014
  135. ↑ This figure represents the total percentage growth from either 2004 (if the member entered office in 2004 or earlier) or the member's first year in office (as noted in the chart below).
  136. ↑ This number was found by dividing each member's total net worth growth percentage by the number of years included in the calculation.
  137. ↑ This figure represents the total percentage growth divided by the number of years for which there are net worth figures for each member.
  138. ↑ This figure was calculated using median asset data from the Census Bureau. Please see the Congressional Net Worth data for Ballotpedia spreadsheet for more information on this calculation.
  139. ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Rep. Jeff Denham," accessed September 22, 2014
  140. ↑ GovTrack, "Jeff Denham," accessed July 21, 2014
  141. ↑ OpenCongress, "Jeff Denham," archived February 25, 2016
  142. ↑ GovTrack, "Rep. Jeff Denham (R)," accessed September 23, 2015
  143. ↑ LegiStorm, "Jeff Denham," accessed August 21, 2012
  144. ↑ National Journal, "2013 Congressional Vote Ratings," accessed September 23, 2015
  145. ↑ National Journal, "2012 Congressional Vote Ratings," February 21, 2013
  146. ↑ National Journal, "Searchable Vote Ratings Tables: House," accessed February 23, 2012
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