2026 Alabama legislative session

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2026 Alabama legislative session
General information
Scheduled session start:    Jan. 13, 2026 Scheduled session end:    March 27, 2026
Leadership
Senate President Will Ainsworth (R) House Speaker Nathaniel Ledbetter (R) Majority Leader Senate: Steve Livingston (R) House: Scott Stadthagen (R) Minority Leader Senate: Bobby Singleton (D) House: Anthony Daniels (D)
Elections
Next Election:    November 3, 2026 Last Election:    November 8, 2022
Previous legislative sessions
2025 • 2024 • 2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018
Other 2026 legislative sessions
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In 2026, the Alabama State Legislature is scheduled to convene on January 13, 2026, and adjourn on March 27, 2026.

The legislators serving in this session took office following the 2022 elections. Republicans won a 27-8 majority in the Senate and a 75-28 majority in the House. The party also controlled the governorship, creating a Republican state government trifecta. At the start of the 2026 session, Alabama was one of 19 state legislatures where Republicans had a veto-proof supermajority in both chambers.

At the beginning of the 2026 legislative session:

Republicans held a majority in the Alabama state House and state Senate.

Alabama was one of 23 Republican state government trifectas.

Alabama's governor was Republican Kay Ivey.

Leadership in 2026

Alabama State Senate

• Senate president: Will Ainsworth (R)
• Majority leader: Steve Livingston (R)
• Minority leader: Bobby Singleton (D)

Alabama House of Representatives

• Speaker of the House: Nathaniel Ledbetter (R)
• Majority leader: Scott Stadthagen (R)
• Minority leader: Anthony Daniels (D)

Partisan control in 2026

See also: State government trifectas

Alabama was one of 23 Republican state government trifectas at the start of 2026 legislative sessions. A state government trifecta occurs when one political party holds the governor's office, a majority in the state Senate, and a majority in the state House. For more information about state government trifectas, click here.

Alabama was also one of 19 state legislatures where Republicans had a veto-proof supermajority in both chambers. Veto overrides occur when a legislature votes to reverse a veto issued by an executive such as a governor or the president. If one party has a majority in a state legislature that is large enough to override a gubernatorial veto without any votes from members of the minority party, it is called a veto-proof majority or, sometimes, a supermajority. To read more about veto-proof supermajorities in state legislatures, click here.

The following tables show the partisan breakdown of the Alabama State Legislature in the 2026 legislative session.

Alabama State Senate

Partisan composition, Alabama State Senate

As of January 2026
Party	Members
Democratic	8
Republican	27
Other	0
Vacancies	0
Total	35

Alabama House of Representatives

Partisan composition, Alabama House of Representatives

As of January 2026
Party	Members
Democratic	29
Republican	74
Other	0
Vacancies	2
Total	105

Regular session

The list below shows up to 25 pieces of legislation in the 2026 legislative session that most recently passed both chambers of the legislature, were signed by the governor, or were approved by the legislature in a veto override. If no bills are displayed below, no legislation has met these criteria yet in 2026. This information is provided by BillTrack50.

Standing legislative committees

See also: Standing committee and List of committees in Alabama state government

A standing committee of a state legislature is a committee that exists on a more-or-less permanent basis, from legislative session to session, that considers and refines legislative bills that fall under the committee's subject matter.

At the beginning of the 2026 legislative session, there were 59 standing committees in Alabama's state government, including five joint legislative committees, 21 state Senate committees, and 33 state House committees.

Joint legislative committees

• Children First Trust Fund Legislative Oversight Committee
• Committee on Homeland Security Oversight
• Historical Records Advisory Board
• Housing Finance Authority
• Joint Legislative Committee on State Parks

Senate committees

• Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry Committee
• Banking and Insurance Committee
• Children and Youth Health Committee
• Confirmations Committee
• Finance and Taxation Education Committee
• Finance and Taxation General Fund Committee
• Fiscal Responsibility and Economic Development Committee
• Governmental Affairs Committee
• Healthcare Committee
• Local Legislation Jefferson County Committee
• Local Legislation Mobile County Committee
• Local Legislation Shelby County Committee
• Madison County Legislation Committee
• Senate County and Municipal Government Committee
• Senate Education Policy Committee
• Senate Judiciary Committee
• Senate Local Legislation Committee
• Senate Rules Committee
• Tourism Committee
• Transportation and Energy Committee
• Veterans, Military Affairs, and Public Safety Committee

House committees

• Agriculture and Forestry Committee
• Baldwin County Legislation Committee
• Boards, Agencies and Commissions Committee
• Children and Senior Advocacy Committee
• Commerce and Small Business Committee
• Constitution, Campaigns and Elections Committee
• Economic Development and Tourism Committee
• Ethics and Campaign Finance Committee
• Financial Services Committee
• Fiscal Responsibility Committee
• Health Committee
• House County and Municipal Government Committee
• House Education Policy Committee
• House Judiciary Committee
• House Local Legislation Committee
• House Rules Committee
• Insurance Committee
• Jefferson County Legislation Committee
• Lee County Legislation Committee
• Limestone County Legislation Committee
• Madison County Legislation Committee
• Military and Veterans' Affairs Committee
• Mobile County Legislation Committee
• Montgomery County Legislation Committee
• Ports, Waterways and Intermodal Transit Committee
• Public Safety and Homeland Security Committee
• Shelby County Legislation Committee
• State Government Committee
• Transportation, Utilities and Infrastructure Committee
• Tuscaloosa County Legislation Committee
• Urban and Rural Development Committee
• Ways and Means Education Committee
• Ways and Means General Fund Committee

Legislatively referred constitutional amendments

In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.

The methods by which the Alabama Constitution can be amended:

See also: Article XVIII of the Alabama Constitution and Laws governing ballot measures in Alabama

The Alabama Constitution provides two mechanisms for amending the state's constitution: a legislative process and a state constitutional convention. Alabama requires a simple majority vote (50% plus 1) for voters to approve constitutional amendments.

Legislature

See also: Legislatively referred constitutional amendment

A 60% vote is required from both chambers of the Alabama State Legislature during one legislative session to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 63 votes in the Alabama House of Representatives and 21 votes in the Alabama State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.

Convention

See also: Convention-referred constitutional amendment

According to the Alabama Constitution, a simple majority in each chamber during one legislative session is required to send a constitutional convention question to voters. A simple majority vote by the electorate is required to call the convention. Any proposed amendments approved by the convention require a simple majority vote of the electorate to be ratified.

Historical partisan control

The table below depicts the historical trifecta status of Alabama.

Alabama Party Control: 1992-2025
Six years of Democratic trifectas  •  Fifteen years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year	92	93	94	95	96	97	98	99	00	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	08	09	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25
Governor	R	D	D	R	R	R	R	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
Senate	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
House	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R

Historical Senate control

Republicans won control of the Alabama State Senate in 2010. In 2022, they won a 27-8 majority.

The table below shows the partisan history of the Alabama Senate following every general election from 1990 to 2022. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.

Alabama State Senate election results: 1990-2022

Year	'90	'94	'98	'02	'06	'10	'14	'18	'22
Democrats	28	23	23	25	23	12	8	8	8
Republicans	7	12	12	10	12	22	26	27	27

Before 1990

Democrats held majorities over the Whig Party for most of the early 1800s. After a brief period of Republican control following the Civil War, Democrats began winning large majorities. From 1902 to 1978, the Democratic advantage over Republicans never fell below 34-1. Republicans won three seats in the chamber in 1983 through special elections that were ordered after a federal court struck down the 1982 legislative map for violating the 1965 Voting Rights Act.

Historical House control

Republicans won control of the Alabama House of Representatives in 2010. Republicans gained a 77-28 majority in 2022.

The table below shows the partisan history of the Alabama House following every general election from 1990 to 2022. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.

Alabama House of Representatives election results: 1990-2022

Year	'90	'94	'98	'02	'06	'10	'14	'18	'22
Democrats	82	74	69	64	62	39	33	28	28
Republicans	23	31	36	41	43	66	72	77	77

Before 1990

Democratic majorities dated back to 1837 when Democrats competed with the Whig Party. Democrats usually held around a 20-seat advantage. After a brief period of Republican control following the Civil War, Democrats regularly held all but a few seats in the chamber until 1983 when Republicans gained 12 seats in special elections. The elections were ordered after a federal court struck down the 1982 legislative map for violating the 1965 Voting Rights Act.

Analysis

Adopted legislation, 2013-2024

See also: The State Legislative Decade - Alabama

In 2024, Ballotpedia released analysis of bills enacted in each state in the preceding decade. The charts and table below detail legislation passed each year by party sponsorship.

See also

Elections	Alabama State Government	State Legislatures	State Politics
Alabama State Senate elections, 2026 Alabama House of Representatives elections, 2026	Alabama State Legislature Alabama House of Representatives Alabama State Senate Governor of Alabama Alabama Supreme Court	State legislative elections, 2026 State legislative special elections, 2026 State legislative elections, 2024 State legislative elections, 2022	State government trifectas State government triplexes Veto overrides in state legislatures State executives State courts Ballot measures

External links

• Search Google News for this topic
• Alabama State Legislature homepage

Footnotes

State legislatures

Legislatures

Alabama (H, S) · Alaska (H, S) · Arizona (H, S) · Arkansas (H, S) · California (A, S) · Colorado (H, S) · Connecticut (H, S) · Delaware (H, S) · Florida (H, S) · Georgia (H, S) · Hawaii (H, S) · Idaho (H, S) · Illinois (H, S) · Indiana (H, S) · Iowa (H, S) · Kansas (H, S) · Kentucky (H, S) · Louisiana (H, S) · Maine (H, S) · Maryland (H, S) · Massachusetts (H, S) · Michigan (H, S) · Minnesota (H, S) · Mississippi (H, S) · Missouri (H, S) · Montana (H, S) · Nebraska · Nevada (A, S) · New Hampshire (H, S) · New Jersey (GA, S) · New Mexico (H, S) · New York (A, S) · North Carolina (H, S) · North Dakota (H, S) · Ohio (H, S) · Oklahoma (H, S) · Oregon (H, S) · Pennsylvania (H, S) · Rhode Island (H, S) · South Carolina (H, S) · South Dakota (H, S) · Tennessee (H, S) · Texas (H, S) · Utah (H, S) · Vermont (H, S) · Virginia (H, S) · Washington (H, S) · West Virginia (H, S) · Wisconsin (A, S) · Wyoming (H, S)

2026

State legislative elections (2026) • State legislative special elections (2026) • Primary dates and filing requirements • 2026 Session Dates

2025

State legislative elections (2025) • State legislative special elections (2025) • Primary dates and filing requirements • 2025 Session Dates

Historical elections

2024 • 2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018 • 2017 • 2016 • 2015 • 2014 • 2013 • 2012 • 2011 • 2010 • 2009 • 2008 • 2007 • 2006 • 2005 • 2004 • 2003 • 2002 • 2001 • 2000

Features of state legislatures

How vacancies are filled in state legislatures • States with a full-time legislature • State legislatures with term limits • Comparison of state legislative salaries • When state legislators assume office after a general election • Population represented by state legislators • State constitutional articles governing state legislatures • State legislative sessions • Resign-to-run law • State legislature candidate requirements by state • Official names of state legislatures • State legislative chambers that use multi-member districts • Factors Affecting Competitiveness in State Legislative Elections

State senates

Length of terms of state senators • State senators • Partisan composition of state senates • State senators sorted by year first elected

State houses

Length of terms of state representatives • State representatives • Partisan composition of state houses • State representatives sorted by year first elected

Leadership positions

President of the Senate • President Pro Tempore • Senate Majority Leader • Senate Minority Leader • House Majority Leader • House Minority Leader • State Speaker of the House

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