Florida's 23rd Congressional District election, 2024

2026 → ← 2022
Florida's 23rd Congressional District
Democratic primary Republican primary General election
Election details
Filing deadline: April 26, 2024
Primary: August 20, 2024 General: November 5, 2024
How to vote
Poll times: 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. Voting in Florida
Race ratings
Cook Political Report: Solid Democratic DDHQ and The Hill: Safe Democratic Inside Elections: Solid Democratic Sabato's Crystal Ball: Safe Democratic
Ballotpedia analysis
U.S. Senate battlegrounds U.S. House battlegrounds Federal and state primary competitiveness Ballotpedia's Election Analysis Hub, 2024
See also
Florida's 23rd Congressional District U.S. Senate • 1st • 2nd • 3rd • 4th • 5th • 6th • 7th • 8th • 9th • 10th • 11th • 12th • 13th • 14th • 15th • 16th • 17th • 18th • 19th • 20th • 21st • 22nd • 23rd • 24th • 25th • 26th • 27th • 28th Florida elections, 2024 U.S. Congress elections, 2024 U.S. Senate elections, 2024 U.S. House elections, 2024 Alabama U.S. House racesAlaska U.S. House racesArizona U.S. House racesArkansas U.S. House racesCalifornia U.S. House racesColorado U.S. House racesConnecticut U.S. House racesDelaware U.S. House racesFlorida U.S. House racesGeorgia U.S. House racesHawaii U.S. House racesIdaho U.S. House racesIllinois U.S. House racesIndiana U.S. House racesIowa U.S. House racesKansas U.S. House racesKentucky U.S. House racesLouisiana U.S. House racesMaine U.S. House racesMaryland U.S. House racesMassachusetts U.S. House racesMichigan U.S. House racesMinnesota U.S. House racesMississippi U.S. House racesMissouri U.S. House racesMontana U.S. House racesNebraska U.S. House racesNevada U.S. House racesNew Hampshire U.S. House racesNew Jersey U.S. House racesNew Mexico U.S. House racesNew York U.S. House racesNorth Carolina U.S. House racesNorth Dakota U.S. House racesOhio U.S. House racesOklahoma U.S. House racesOregon U.S. House racesPennsylvania U.S. House racesRhode Island U.S. House racesSouth Carolina U.S. House racesSouth Dakota U.S. House racesTennessee U.S. House racesTexas U.S. House racesUtah U.S. House racesVermont U.S. House racesVirginia U.S. House racesWashington U.S. House racesWest Virginia U.S. House racesWisconsin U.S. House racesWyoming U.S. House racesSubmit

All U.S. House districts, including the 23rd Congressional District of Florida, held elections in 2024. The general election was November 5, 2024. The primary was August 20, 2024. The filing deadline was April 26, 2024. The outcome of this race affected the partisan balance of the U.S. House of Representatives in the 119th Congress. All 435 House districts were up for election.

At the time of the election, Republicans held a 220-212 majority with three vacancies. As a result of the election, Republicans retained control of the U.S. House, winning 220 seats to Democrats' 215. To read more about the 2024 U.S. House elections, click here.

In the 2022 election in this district, the Democratic candidate won 51.6%-46.8%. Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have defeated Donald Trump (R) 56.3%-43.1%.

For more information about the primaries in this election, click on the links below:

• Florida's 23rd Congressional District election, 2024 (August 20 Democratic primary)
• Florida's 23rd Congressional District election, 2024 (August 20 Republican primary)

Candidates and election results

General election

General election for U.S. House Florida District 23

Incumbent Jared Evan Moskowitz defeated Joe Kaufman in the general election for U.S. House Florida District 23 on November 5, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jared Evan Moskowitz (D)	52.4	196,311
		Joe Kaufman (R)	47.6	178,006

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 374,317
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Democratic primary election

The Democratic primary election was canceled. Incumbent Jared Evan Moskowitz advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Florida District 23.

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Florida District 23

The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for U.S. House Florida District 23 on August 20, 2024.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Joe Kaufman	35.4	9,503
		Robert Weinroth	20.6	5,524
		Darlene Cerezo Swaffar	19.1	5,118
		Carla Spalding	10.6	2,844
		Joe Thelusca	7.2	1,923
		Gary Barve	7.2	1,923

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 26,835
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Steve Chess (R)
• Rafael Ortiz (R)

Candidate profiles

This section includes candidate profiles that may be created in one of two ways: either the candidate completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey, or Ballotpedia staff may compile a profile based on campaign websites, advertisements, and public statements after identifying the candidate as noteworthy. For more on how we select candidates to include, click here.

Joe Kaufman

Party: Republican Party

Incumbent: No

Political Office: None

Submitted Biography:  "I was born in Detroit and raised by my grandparents in Yonkers, NY. I attended the University of Maryland, where I received a Bachelor’s Degree in Speech Communications. Following the 9/11 attacks, I devoted my life to fighting terrorism. Today, I am a Shillman Fellow at the David Horowitz Freedom Center and write for the center’s publication FrontPage. I am also the Chairman of the Joe Kaufman Security Initiative, a non-profit 501(c)(3) devoted to educating the public on matters of national security. I have assisted Homeland Security, the Defense Department, the Secret Service and the FBI in going after the people who threaten us most. I have been instrumental in getting terrorist charities shut down and terror-related individuals placed behind bars. I led the shutdown of a pro-Hamas conference that was to take place this past January at the Coral Springs Marriott. I was also the one who supplied Florida government agencies with information about radical imam Fadi Kablawi, who recently called for a genocide against Jews. I was concerned that the private school Kablawi was affiliated with receives tens if not hundreds of thousands of dollars of taxpayer-funded vouchers. No organization linked to violent hatred against Jews, Christians or anyone should receive a dime of taxpayers’ funds. Because of my unique background, I will have an immediate impact in Congress on issues concerning national security, counter-terrorism, and foreign policy."

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Key Messages

To read this candidate's full survey responses, click here.

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I am concerned about the current state of America. Our debt is out of control. Our foreign policy is in shambles. I am a product of the 70s and 80s, and I remember the gas lines, the hostage crisis, and the surge in food prices. Today is eerily similar, and I want to be part of the change that brings our nation back to greatness. My background in national security is very needed in Congress. I have experience in dealing with the border situation, and I will have an immediate impact on national security and foreign policy. As well, I am married to someone from Peru, so I have first-hand knowledge of what immigrants who arrive here legally have to go through. It shapes my policy and it will help me in office.

---

District 23 contains one of the largest Jewish populations in the U.S., including a substantial Orthodox Jewish population. Anyone elected to this seat needs to represent this community. As well, there is a fairly large Hispanic population. I represent both, as my wife, daughter and I are a big part of the observant Jewish community. My wife teaches Hebrew and Spanish at one of the most prominent Boca yeshivas, and my daughter goes to Hillel. My wife, as well, grew up in Peru, and we have extended family in and from Venezuela and Cuba. I personally am passionate about and have fought side-by-side with those working to bring democracy to the Hispanic world overseas. As Congressman, I will make it a big part of my mission to do just that.

---

The greatest thing for the environment is to have a great economy to pay for it. People in Third World countries live in squalor, because their economies are non-existent. Fossil fuels are not the enemy. They have actually allowed for the beautification of the environment. They further have helped us lead an Industrial Revolution, get through two world wars, and feed much of the impoverished world. Calling for their abrupt end is shortsighted. While we work towards cleaner energy, we must not destroy that which has allowed our nation to thrive, both economically and militarily.

This information was current as of the candidate's run for U.S. House Florida District 23 in 2024.

Voting information

See also: Voting in Florida

Election information in Florida: Nov. 5, 2024, election.

What was the voter registration deadline?

• In-person: Oct. 7, 2024
• By mail: Postmarked by Oct. 7, 2024
• Online: Oct. 7, 2024

Was absentee/mail-in voting available to all voters?

Yes

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot request deadline?

• In-person: Oct. 24, 2024
• By mail: Received by Oct. 24, 2024
• Online: Oct. 24, 2024

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot return deadline?

• In-person: Nov. 5, 2024
• By mail: Received by Nov. 5, 2024

Was early voting available to all voters?

Yes

What were the early voting start and end dates?

Oct. 26, 2024 to Nov. 2, 2024

Were all voters required to present ID at the polls? If so, was a photo or non-photo ID required?

N/A

When were polls open on Election Day?

7:00 a.m. - 7:00 p.m. (EST/CST)

Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey responses

Ballotpedia asks all federal, state, and local candidates to complete a survey and share what motivates them on political and personal levels. The section below shows responses from candidates in this race who completed Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection survey. Candidates are asked three required questions for this survey, but they may answer additional optional questions as well.

Survey responses from candidates in this race

Click on a candidate's name to visit their Ballotpedia page.

Note: Ballotpedia reserves the right to edit Candidate Connection survey responses. Any edits made by Ballotpedia will be clearly marked with [brackets] for the public. If the candidate disagrees with an edit, he or she may request the full removal of the survey response from Ballotpedia.org. Ballotpedia does not edit or correct typographical errors unless the candidate's campaign requests it.

Expand all | Collapse all

Please list below 3 key messages of your campaign. What are the main points you want voters to remember about your goals for your time in office?

Joe Kaufman (R)

I am concerned about the current state of America. Our debt is out of control. Our foreign policy is in shambles. I am a product of the 70s and 80s, and I remember the gas lines, the hostage crisis, and the surge in food prices. Today is eerily similar, and I want to be part of the change that brings our nation back to greatness. My background in national security is very needed in Congress. I have experience in dealing with the border situation, and I will have an immediate impact on national security and foreign policy. As well, I am married to someone from Peru, so I have first-hand knowledge of what immigrants who arrive here legally have to go through. It shapes my policy and it will help me in office.

District 23 contains one of the largest Jewish populations in the U.S., including a substantial Orthodox Jewish population. Anyone elected to this seat needs to represent this community. As well, there is a fairly large Hispanic population. I represent both, as my wife, daughter and I are a big part of the observant Jewish community. My wife teaches Hebrew and Spanish at one of the most prominent Boca yeshivas, and my daughter goes to Hillel. My wife, as well, grew up in Peru, and we have extended family in and from Venezuela and Cuba. I personally am passionate about and have fought side-by-side with those working to bring democracy to the Hispanic world overseas. As Congressman, I will make it a big part of my mission to do just that.

The greatest thing for the environment is to have a great economy to pay for it. People in Third World countries live in squalor, because their economies are non-existent. Fossil fuels are not the enemy. They have actually allowed for the beautification of the environment. They further have helped us lead an Industrial Revolution, get through two world wars, and feed much of the impoverished world. Calling for their abrupt end is shortsighted. While we work towards cleaner energy, we must not destroy that which has allowed our nation to thrive, both economically and militarily.

What areas of public policy are you personally passionate about?

Joe Kaufman (R)

*We live in a time when my daughter needs to know BOGO at the supermarket. But BOGO today is just the regular price 2 years ago. We need an economic atmosphere to end inflation, cut taxes & spending, and achieve energy independence & dominance.

• In 2018, I was part of a group sent to advocate for School Vouchers with the Trump Admin and then-Congressman Ron DeSantis. Proudly, Gov. DeSantis soon enacted a major School Choice initiative. I wish to expand School Choice. I am also an advocate for nationwide Vocational Training in high schools.
• I moved to Florida to care for my grandmother, understanding seniors' struggles firsthand. I will fight for their Social Security and Medicare, and work to reduce high deductibles & premiums.

Who do you look up to? Whose example would you like to follow, and why?

Joe Kaufman (R)

My grandmother Ruth was smart -- both knowledgeable and NY street smart. She was someone you could go to for advice, and I did many times. She was also someone who put others before herself. She was my best friend, and I miss her tremendously. Ruth's mom, my great-grandmother Esther, was a frail woman but was tough. She witnessed terrible horrors in Europe, and she loved being an American. There is an amazing story about her that I would like to tell. My great-grandmother was on a train and witnessed two men threaten to throw a black lady off for sitting in the wrong car. My great-grandmother stood between the men and the lady and told them that, if they throw the lady off the train, they would have to throw her off as well. That day, she saved that woman's life. I had the honor of knowing my great-grandmother Esther till I was 15-years-old. These are the people I look up to, and these are the people I wish to emulate.

Is there a book, essay, film, or something else you would recommend to someone who wants to understand your political philosophy?

Joe Kaufman (R)

Rocky!

What characteristics or principles are most important for an elected official?

Joe Kaufman (R)

Honesty, accountability, leadership, empathy, good communication, knowledge, transparency, and fiscal responsibility. These are all characteristics that I have exhibited throughout my life. I was raised by my grandparents with values from those of ‘the greatest generation.’ So when my grandmother Ruth was ill with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), I came to Florida to care for her. I needed to be there for my best friend, my grandma. I am thankful I had a daughter to give her my grandmother's good name. When I was my daughter's age, my grandparents used to take me into Manhattan to see the World Trade Center. We called it the Twin Towers. Next to it, I would look up in amazement. When they fell, I took it very personally and devoted my life to fighting terrorism. I did my part, after my nation was attacked. My accomplishments in this field are why I have received so many endorsements from those in the fields of military and security, and I do not take this lightly. As Congressman, I will have an instant impact on national security and protecting our nation’s borders.

What qualities do you possess that you believe would make you a successful officeholder?

Joe Kaufman (R)

My background gives me strong counter-terrorism and national security credentials, which of course is immensely important for our country. As well, I have chaired a non-profit for decades, which provides me with the type of leadership skills that are important for Congress. And the fact that I came to Florida to take care of my grandmother shows empathy, which IMO our government is lacking these days. At times, it seems, we care more for those who would wish us harm than we do for our own countrymen and women.

What do you believe are the core responsibilities for someone elected to this office?

Joe Kaufman (R)

As a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, I will be responsible for drafting, debating, and voting on federal legislation that shapes national policy and addresses constituent needs. I will represent District 23 by advocating for local interests and providing essential services. My role will include government oversight, accountability, and transparency. Essentially, being a Congressman is being able to uphold the principles of democracy by acting as a voice for the people. I know that our nation and political parties are very polarized today, but I will make every attempt to work across party lines to build consensus. Of course, there are matters that the other side will never agree with and of which I will never compromise. Ultimately, though, we need to do what is best for America.

What legacy would you like to leave?

Joe Kaufman (R)

I would like to be known as someone who worked tirelessly to protect our nation, both inside our borders and overseas.

What is the first historical event that happened in your lifetime that you remember? How old were you at the time?

Joe Kaufman (R)

When the Iran Hostage Crisis. I was nine years old. I was raised by my grandparents, Ruth and George. My grandfather owned an auto parts store in the Bronx. When he would come home, he would bring with him the New York Daily News and the New York Post, mostly for the Sports sections. I remember on the top of the front page of each would be the day of the hostage crisis -- day 200, 201, 202, etc. It was a message that transcended the news and showed that our nation cared. It moves me to this day. And when Ronald Reagan was inaugurated as President, they were immediately released.

What was your very first job? How long did you have it?

Joe Kaufman (R)

My mom got me a job selling rock t-shirts at the Sunday flea market, located at Yonkers Race Track. The owner would pick me up early in the morning in his van, we would drive to the warehouse to get the inventory, and then we would head for the flea market. At the end of the day, he would pay me in cash and shirts. The shirts I would wear every day at school, and the money I would use to buy Led Zeppelin, Rolling Stones, and Van Halen cassettes. I don't remember how long I worked there for, but I loved every minute of it.

What is your favorite book? Why?

Joe Kaufman (R)

The Bible, the Tenach! My faith guides me in everything that I do.

If you could be any fictional character, who would you want to be?

Joe Kaufman (R)

Leonidas from 300!

What was the last song that got stuck in your head?

Joe Kaufman (R)

Who can remember, but one song that will always stick in my head is Toby Keith's "Courtesy Of The Red, White And Blue"!

What is something that has been a struggle in your life?

Joe Kaufman (R)

I suffered much antisemitism when I was a kid. It ended, when my college dorm roommate greeted me with a large swastika on the wall. That changed my life and turned me into the fighter that I am today -- for my people and America.

What qualities does the U.S. House of Representatives possess that makes it unique as an institution?

Joe Kaufman (R)

The U.S. House of Representatives is special because it is directly connected to the people.

Do you believe that it's beneficial for representatives to have previous experience in government or politics?

Joe Kaufman (R)

To some extent, but many times, government corrupts people. It is one of the reasons why I support Term Limits for members of the U.S. Congress.

What do you perceive to be the United States’ greatest challenges as a nation over the next decade?

Joe Kaufman (R)

Bringing down our debt and erasing inflation, when our government offers no fiscal responsibility whatsoever. Keeping the cost of healthcare down, when we are threatened by high deductibles and ever-increasing premiums. Being able to compete with other nations, both financially and militarily, in a world that is growing much more hostile. Is there such a thing as diplomacy anymore?!

Do you believe that two years is the right term length for representatives?

Joe Kaufman (R)

Yes.

What are your thoughts on term limits?

Joe Kaufman (R)

I signed the Term Limits Pledge. While I have much experience and expertise regarding matters of national security to provide to my nation, I will never consider the honor of being a U.S. Congressman to be a lifetime job.

Is there a particular representative, past or present, whom you want to model yourself after?

Joe Kaufman (R)

There are certain things that I admire from many past and present representatives, but I believe I bring a unique background that is not found in Congress.

Both sitting representatives and candidates for office hear many personal stories from the residents of their district. Is there a story that you’ve heard that you found particularly touching, memorable, or impactful?

Joe Kaufman (R)

I just met a wonderful lady who recently had a stroke. She told me how active she was and loved going out and doing things, but now her mobility is limited and she finds herself stuck at home. My mom has a similar circumstance. She was the happiest person I knew, before she found out she had Multiple Sclerosis. Since then, she has lost much of her ability to walk and her life is spent in and out of the doctor's office. These are examples of why it is important for our government to continue to provide funding to those in the field of medicine, who are working on finding cures and new treatments. As Congressman, I will always support such initiatives.

Tell us your favorite joke.

Joe Kaufman (R)

Who would vote for me, if I did that?!

Do you believe that compromise is necessary or desirable for policymaking?

Joe Kaufman (R)

As I stated previously, there are matters that the other side will never agree with and of which I will never compromise. That said, where you can negotiate and find compromise, you make every attempt to do so. You just can never compromise your ethics.

The Constitution says that all bills for raising revenue must originate in the House. What role would this power play in your priorities if elected?

Joe Kaufman (R)

I would take this responsibility seriously. Too many government representatives think that the taxpayers' money is their own to do as they wish.

How should the U.S. House use its investigative powers?

Joe Kaufman (R)

The House of Representatives acts like a watchdog for the country. They can use their investigative powers to look into how the government is spending money, if laws are being followed fairly, and even if there's wrongdoing by government officials. By holding hearings and questioning witnesses, they can uncover problems and make sure everyone is accountable to the people. This helps keep our government honest and working for everyone.

What organizations or individuals have endorsed your campaign?

Joe Kaufman (R)

Trump Admin ICE Director/Border Czar Tom Homan

Pres. of the Presidential Inaugural Prayer Breakfast Rev. Merrie Turner Lt Colonel & fmr Congressman Allen West Trump Surrogate & Natl. Director of The Remembrance Project Maria Espinoza Ret. US Marshall Commander & star of the show "Manhunters: Fugitive Task Force" Lenny DePaul Working Mothers for Donald Trump International Natl. Spokesman of Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) Niger Innis Global Director of Cyrus Force & senior advisor to the son of the Shah of Iran Reza Pahlavi, John Naimi Chairman of Citizens for National Security Dr. Ken Abramowitz Palm Beach County leaders Larry & Sue Snowden and Linda Stoch

Former Mayor of North Miami John Stembridge

What committees interest you?

Joe Kaufman (R)

House Committee on Armed Services, House Committee on Foreign Affairs, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. Anything to do with national security and foreign policy. That is my background, and that is where I am needed.

What are your views on financial transparency and government accountability?

Joe Kaufman (R)

A U.S. Congressman should believe in being clear and open about how the government spends money and making sure the government is honest and accountable. This means supporting laws and actions that let the public see how funds are used, ensuring regular checks on government activities, and -- and this is very important -- protecting those who expose wrongdoing. By doing this, we help build trust in government and ensure that taxpayer money is spent wisely and responsibly.

Campaign finance

Name	Party	Receipts*	Disbursements**	Cash on hand	Date
Jared Evan Moskowitz	Democratic Party	$2,358,065	$2,091,499	$349,190	As of December 31, 2024
Gary Barve	Republican Party	$29,154	$28,977	$2,040	As of September 30, 2024
Darlene Cerezo Swaffar	Republican Party	$113,834	$113,652	$182	As of December 31, 2024
Joe Kaufman	Republican Party	$166,714	$101,955	$62,789	As of December 31, 2024
Carla Spalding	Republican Party	$759,650	$745,570	$26,999	As of December 31, 2024
Joe Thelusca	Republican Party	$94,647	$94,647	$0	As of September 29, 2024
Robert Weinroth	Republican Party	$371,529	$369,942	$1,588	As of December 31, 2024
Source: Federal Elections Commission, "Campaign finance data," 2024. This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC). * According to the FEC, "Receipts are anything of value (money, goods, services or property) received by a political committee." ** According to the FEC, a disbursement "is a purchase, payment, distribution, loan, advance, deposit or gift of money or anything of value to influence a federal election," plus other kinds of payments not made to influence a federal election.

General election race ratings

See also: Race rating definitions and methods

Ballotpedia provides race ratings from four outlets: The Cook Political Report, Inside Elections, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and DDHQ/The Hill. Each race rating indicates if one party is perceived to have an advantage in the race and, if so, the degree of advantage:

• Safe and Solid ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge and the race is not competitive.
• Likely ratings indicate that one party has a clear edge, but an upset is possible.
• Lean ratings indicate that one party has a small edge, but the race is competitive.
• Toss-up ratings indicate that neither party has an advantage.

Race ratings are informed by a number of factors, including polling, candidate quality, and election result history in the race's district or state.

Race ratings: Florida's 23rd Congressional District election, 2024
Race tracker	Race ratings
	November 5, 2024	October 29, 2024	October 22, 2024	October 15, 2024
The Cook Political Report with Amy Walter	Solid Democratic	Solid Democratic	Solid Democratic	Solid Democratic
Decision Desk HQ and The Hill	Safe Democratic	Safe Democratic	Safe Democratic	Likely Democratic
Inside Elections with Nathan L. Gonzales	Solid Democratic	Solid Democratic	Solid Democratic	Solid Democratic
Larry J. Sabato's Crystal Ball	Safe Democratic	Safe Democratic	Safe Democratic	Safe Democratic
Note: Ballotpedia reviews external race ratings every week throughout the election season and posts weekly updates even if the media outlets have not revised their ratings during that week.

Noteworthy ballot measures

See also: Florida 2024 ballot measures

Two notable ballot measures were on the November 5, 2024, ballot in Florida. One would legalize marijuana possession under three ounces (Amendment 3), and the other would establish a constitutional right to abortion before fetal viability (Amendment 4). A 60% supermajority vote is required for the approval of both amendments.

Observers and officials commented on whether the amendments would increase turnout statewide.

• Wendy Sartory Link, the Supervisor of Elections for Palm Beach County, said: “A presidential election gets people excited and brings people out. But you might have folks who may not have cared as much or been as motivated to get out to vote for a president or all of the other races. Now, these amendments might just drive them out.”

• Brad Coker, the CEO of the Mason-Dixon Polling & Strategy firm, said of Amendment 4: "It'll bring out younger voters of all kinds and more white, female voters, both groups which lean heavy Democratic... It’ll definitely help turn out voters in what for many was looking like a lackluster choice in the presidential race between Biden and Trump.”

• Florida House Minority Leader Fentrice Driskell (D) said: “With voters paying more attention to down-ballot races, I’m optimistic we can have a reverse coattails effect where we start to drive turnout and help improve the numbers at the presidential level.”

• Republican pollster Ryan Tyson disputed the idea that the amendments would increase turnout for Democrats, saying of Amendment 4: "Nobody is trying to say that abortion doesn’t animate their base to turn out — we’ve seen that everywhere... However, we haven’t seen them turn out voters that wouldn’t have already turned out, like in a presidential year."

• Sen. Marco Rubio (R) said of Amendment 4: “People are going to vote, they’re going to come out and vote and I don’t think [the abortion rights measure] is going to change any turnout patterns.”

Amendment 3

See also: Florida Amendment 3, Marijuana Legalization Initiative (2024)

A "yes" vote supported legalizing marijuana for adults 21 years old and older and allowing individuals to possess up to three ounces of marijuana.

A "no" vote opposed legalizing marijuana for adult use in Florida.

To read more about supporters and opponents of Amendment 3, along with their arguments, click on the box below.

• Amendment 3 Support & Opposition (click to expand)

  Supporters

  

  Smart & Safe Florida led the campaign in support of the initiative.

  Supporters

  Officials

  • State Sen. Joe Gruters (R)
  • State Rep. Ashley Gantt (D)
  • Democratic Party of Florida
  • Florida Democratic Party Chair Nikki Fried (D)

  Candidates

  • Donald Trump (Conservative Party, Republican Party) - Presidential Candidate and Former President

  Corporations

  • Trulieve

  Organizations

  • Florida Young Republicans

  Individuals

  • Howard Bellamy - Musical artist
  • David Bellamy (Nonpartisan) - Musical artist
  • John Morgan - Florida lawyer

  
  

  Arguments

  • Smart & Safe Florida: "The industry is sustainable and growing. In 2020, when the state lost more than 400,000 jobs, Florida’s cannabis industry added 15,000 employees. ... Tax revenues from the legal cannabis industry for federal and state governments are projected to reach $4.06 billion in 2025, according to New Frontier data. ... There is no evidence that legalizing marijuana for medical or recreational use at the state level, as 37 states already have done, has boosted underage consumption from the regulated marketplace. The continued black market sale of marijuana perpetuates a culture of criminality. ... If adult-use cannabis is legalized, Florida users will have accountability, transparency, and regulations in place to ensure products are not laced with or contain potentially deadly chemicals."
  • Trulieve CEO Kim Rivers: "It’s all about improving access. We came into this with a mission to provide access to high-quality products that are safe and have an appropriate value proposition to give folks control over their – in the original days – medical journey. I don’t think that changes here. I mean, in effect we are at our core about expanding the opportunity for access to safe legal product, which is what this would allow us to continue to do."
  • The Bellamy Brothers: "As we travel the country, we see the benefits of adult use and as Florida residents we love the ‘freedom state’ moniker and believe that Florida needs to join the millions of Americans whose adults are free to use cannabis without fear of being incarcerated."
  • Florida trial lawyer John Morgan: "I am putting my name and my heart into passing Amendment 3 and believe now is the time to treat marijuana the same as we treat beer, wine and spirits. Passing Amendment 3 will create tens of thousands of new jobs, generate hundreds of millions for our state each year, and save taxpayers money by not having to pay to prosecute simple crimes for possession. I encourage Florida voters to join me in standing up for freedom, for common-sense laws, for the people and for Amendment 3."
  • Former President Donald Trump (R): "As I have previously stated, I believe it is time to end needless arrests and incarcerations of adults for small amounts of marijuana for personal use. We must also implement smart regulations, while providing access for adults, to safe, tested product. As a Floridian, I will be voting YES on Amendment 3 this November. As President, we will continue to focus on research to unlock the medical uses of marijuana to a Schedule 3 drug, and work with Congress to pass common sense laws, including safe banking for state authorized companies, and supporting states rights to pass marijuana laws, like in Florida, that work so well for their citizens."
  • Bradford County Sheriff Gordon Smith: "“I’ve probably incarcerated more people for misdemeanor amounts of marijuana than anybody else. I’m tough on crime ... Getting a medical marijuana card has made [my brother] a human being again, where I can pick up the phone and call and talk things he could never talk about before. I just think we need to refocus our efforts. Regulate it. Take the sin tax. Put it toward the effort of education."
  • State Sen. Joe Gruters (R-22): "Supporting Amendment 3 is a common-sense decision that prioritizes individual freedom, health, safety and economic growth. By legalizing recreational marijuana for adults, we can give Floridians access to safe products, generate significant revenue for critical public services and create new job opportunities for Floridians.

  
  

  Opposition

  Opponents

  Officials

  • U.S. Sen. Rick Scott (R)
  • U.S. Rep. Matt Gaetz (R)
  • Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis (R)
  • State Sen. Ben Albritton (R)
  • State Rep. Sam Garrison (R)
  • State Rep. Daniel Anthony Perez (R)
  • Florida Attorney General Ashley B. Moody (R)

  Political Parties

  • Republican Party of Florida

  Corporations

  • My Florida Green

  Organizations

  • Drug Free America Foundation
  • Florida Chamber of Commerce
  • Florida Sheriffs Association
  • Smart Approaches to Marijuana

  Arguments

  • U.S. Rep. Matt Gaetz (R-FL): "Regardless of how someone feels about abortion or marijuana, I don’t believe that those issues should be resolved in the state constitution
  • Nick Garulay of medical marijuana dispensary My Florida Green: "The medical patient doesn't belong in the same arena as the recreational. Although recreational will use it for medical purposes. But it does get a little convoluted and confusing, and that's the whole reason we want to try to keep it as separate as possible. It's not fair for a recreational bill or movement to step on the heads of the people who are sick, who are debilitated, who are funding these dispensaries. Those dispensaries are taking that money to foot a bill to create a recreational movement to create a profit."
  • Florida Solicitor General Henry Whitaker: "This carefully curated ballot summary misleads in ways that, though sometimes subtle, are likely to influence voters — and to do so in a way that entrenches the sponsor’s monopolistic stranglehold on the marijuana market to the detriment of Floridians. The initiative should be stricken."
  • Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis (R): "[The initiatives] are very, very extreme. Once voters figure out how radical both of those are, they’re going to fail. It’s basically a license to have it anywhere you want. So no time, place and manner restrictions. This state will start to smell like marijuana in our cities and towns."
  • Vote No on 3 Spokeswoman Sarah Bascom: "Amendment 3 will have disastrous downstream consequences that will turn our state into an east coast version of California. It will threaten the health and safety of every community in Florida by allowing drug dealers to run rampant with zero consequences, creating a dangerous explosion in the black market, and forcing families to completely alter their lives to avoid exposure to secondhand smoke."
  • U.S. Sen. Rick Scott (R-FL): "I know that marijuana is a gateway drug. My brother just died in the last few months, starting with marijuana and he ended up struggling with alcohol and drugs, so I don’t support it."
  • Donna Shalala, former U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) secretary: "The marijuana industry has taken a page out of Big Tobacco’s playbook by advertising high-potency, kid-friendly products. To protect the next generation, I urge my fellow Floridians to reject corporate marijuana commercialization and join me in opposing Amendment 3. Big Tobacco wants to trick the American public again by pushing for marijuana legalization. Even those who support marijuana should vote no on the poorly written Amendment 3."

Amendment 4

See also: Florida Amendment 4, Right to Abortion Initiative (2024)

A "yes" vote supported adding the following language to the Florida Constitution’s Declaration of Rights: “… no law shall prohibit, penalize, delay, or restrict abortion before viability or when necessary to protect the patient’s health, as determined by the patient’s healthcare provider.” Amendment 4 maintained the existing constitutional provision that permitted a law requiring parents to be notified before a minor can receive an abortion.

A "no" vote opposed amending the Florida Constitution's Declaration of Rights to provide that the state cannot "... prohibit, penalize, delay, or restrict abortion before viability or when necessary to protect the patient’s health, as determined by the patient’s healthcare provider."

To read more about supporters and opponents of Amendment 4, along with their arguments, click on the box below.

• Amendment 4 Support & Opposition (click to expand)

  Support

  

  Floridians Protecting Freedom is leading the campaign in support of the initiative.

  Supporters

  Officials

  • President of the United States Joe Biden (D)
  • U.S. Rep. Kathy Castor (D)
  • U.S. Rep. Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick (D)
  • U.S. Rep. Lois Frankel (D)
  • U.S. Rep. Maxwell Alejandro Frost (D)
  • U.S. Rep. Jared Evan Moskowitz (D)
  • U.S. Rep. Darren Soto (D)
  • U.S. Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D)
  • U.S. Rep. Frederica S. Wilson (D)
  • State Sen. Lori Berman (D)
  • State Sen. Lauren Book (D)
  • State Sen. Tracie Davis (D)
  • State Sen. Shevrin Jones (D)
  • State Sen. Jason Pizzo (No Party Affiliation)
  • State Sen. Tina Polsky (D)
  • State Sen. Linda Stewart (D)
  • State Rep. Robin Bartleman (D)
  • State Rep. Lindsay Cross (D)
  • State Rep. Dan Daley (D)
  • State Rep. Fentrice Driskell (D)
  • State Rep. Anna Eskamani (D)
  • State Rep. Ashley Gantt (D)
  • State Rep. Sherita Harris (Nonpartisan)
  • State Rep. Dianne Hart (D)
  • State Rep. Christine Hunschofsky (D)
  • State Rep. Tom Keen (D)
  • State Rep. Angela Nixon (D)
  • State Rep. Susan Valdes (D)
  • Democratic Party of Florida
  • Chair of the Florida Democratic Party Nikki Fried (D)

  Unions

  • SEIU 1199 Florida

  Organizations

  • ACLU of Florida
  • Faith in Public Life Action
  • Florida Rising
  • Florida Women's Freedom Coalition
  • League of Women Voters of Florida
  • Men4Choice
  • Planned Parenthood of Southwest and Central Florida
  • The Fairness Project
  • Think Big America
  • Women's Voices of Southwest Florida

  
  

  Arguments

  • Faith in Public Life Action: "Faith leaders across Florida are committed to loving our neighbors by protecting their freedom to make the best decisions for themselves, their families and their communities. Our beliefs implore us to respect the sacredness of our ability to discern right action particularly in complex matters around our reproductive health. This stance is not rooted in politics, but in our unwavering commitment to loving our neighbors by protecting their dignity and agency. People of faith who believe in justice and community must be on the frontlines fighting for accessible and comprehensive reproductive care to protect the most vulnerable in our state. This is why Faith in Public Life Action is calling on people of all faiths to vote YES on Amendment 4."
  • U.S. President Joe Biden (D): "Next week one of the nation’s most extreme anti-abortion law is going to take effect here in Florida. It criminalizes reproductive healthcare before a woman even knows that they are pregnant." Biden discussed other abortion rights measures appearing on statewide ballots and said, "This November, you can add Florida to that list. Are you ready to do that? You’ve gotta show up to vote."
  • Floridians Protecting Freedom: "The overwhelming majority of Floridians think we should all have the freedom to make our own personal health care decisions without interference from politicians. Despite that, politicians in Florida just signed the most extreme abortion ban in the nation. It bans abortion before most people even realize they are pregnant. Help put these decisions back in the hands of Florida families and their doctors, not extreme politicians. There are so many reasons why someone may make the deeply personal decision to have an abortion – maybe their birth control failed, or they were a victim of rape or incest, or carrying a pregnancy would endanger their lives. Politicians shouldn’t be allowed to interfere in this personal decision or to prevent nurses and doctors from treating their patients."
  • Senate Minority Leader Lauren Book (D-35): "The fight for freedom has never been more critical. Despite the fact that abortion is no longer a partisan issue for Americans, elected Republicans across the US are working to take away access to women’s healthcare. We must not back down!"
  • Anna Hockhammer, executive director of the Florida Women’s Freedom Coalition: "Amendment 4 is very explicit that it doesn’t change the Legislature’s existing constitutional authorities vis á vis parental rights. We support parental rights. We want parents to be involved in making the health care decisions for their children. I would argue that Amendment 4 gives more power to parents and guardians because it restores the decision making to patients, their families, and their health care teams and their doctors and takes it out of the hands of politicians and government. Amendment 4 does nothing to preclude the state from regulating medical services the way that it does with every other procedure. You don’t go to a dentist to get open heart surgery, and your message therapist isn’t your dermatologist. Nothing in Amendment 4 precludes the state from making sure that competent, trained doctors and other health care professionals are the ones who can provide abortion access."
  • Laura Goodhue, executive director of the Florida Alliance of Planned Parenthood Affiliates: "Politicians don’t want us to take our power back, so they’re trying to rig the system, because they know in a fair fight, they’ll lose. Floridians are fed up with the government meddling where they have no business — from accessing abortion to accessing the ballot."

  
  

  Opposition

  

  Florida Voters Against Extremism is leading the campaign in opposition to the initiative.

  Opponents

  Officials

  • U.S. Sen. Marco Rubio (R)
  • U.S. Sen. Rick Scott (R)
  • U.S. Rep. Aaron Bean (R)
  • U.S. Rep. Byron Donalds (R)
  • U.S. Rep. Neal Dunn (R)
  • U.S. Rep. Matt Gaetz (R)
  • U.S. Rep. Cory Mills (R)
  • U.S. Rep. Greg Steube (R)
  • Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis (R)
  • State Sen. Daniel Burgess (R)
  • State Sen. Jay Collins (R)
  • State Rep. Jenna Persons-Mulicka (R)
  • State Rep. Paul Renner (R)
  • Attorney General Ashley B. Moody (R)

  Candidates

  • Donald Trump (Conservative Party, Republican Party) - Former U.S. President

  Political Parties

  • Republican Party of Florida

  Organizations

  • Democrats for Life of Florida
  • Florida Conference of Catholic Bishops
  • Florida Family Action, Inc.
  • Florida Family Policy Council
  • Florida Right to Life
  • Liberty Counsel
  • National Center for Life and Liberty
  • Priests for Life
  • Students for Life Action
  • Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America

  Individuals

  • Ben Shapiro - Host of The Ben Shapiro Show

  Arguments

  • Florida Family Action: "The sponsors of this extreme amendment want to legalize abortion up to the moment of birth and to repeal all limitations and regulations on abortion – even safety regulations that protect women – because they want to make Florida the home of late-term abortions in the Southeast."
  • Florida Agency for Health Care Administration: "Florida cares about women and children. ... Florida is protecting life. We must keep Florida from becoming an abortion tourism destination state."
  • Attorney General Ashley B. Moody (R): "As just one example of how misleading this initiative is, the initiative creates a right to abortion through 'viability.' ... The sponsor has gone so far attempting to deceive Floridians as to not post any information on its website on what it means by viability and when the right to abortion, which it is attempting to enshrine in our Constitution, ends. ... While I personally would not vote for this initiative no matter what definition of 'viability' it was using, I know that to some voters, it is material to their vote – whether you are talking about an abortion in the first trimester or at the end of the second trimester."
  • Florida Voice for the Unborn: "The amendment mandates unlimited abortion in Florida! The amendment requires the return of barbaric partial-birth abortions in Florida! The amendment overrides parental consent for an abortion in Florida! The amendment encourages the expansion of abortion business in Florida! The amendment prohibits reasonable protections for women's health in Florida!"
  • Dr. Grazie Pozo Christie, senior fellow for the Catholic Association: "According to this ballot amendment, anybody could perform an abortion. For instance, a girl could go to a Planned Parenthood office and be given the chemical abortion pill or a prescription for the pill by the receptionist. So there is no clinical oversight at all over something that is a very dangerous [procedure]."
  • State Executive Committee of the Republican Party of Florida: "Radical activists have collected petition signatures that would place on the November ballot a constitutional amendment that would enshrine abortions … which would bypass the delegated authority of the Legislature and override the right to life laws in effect in the State of Florida. ... The Republican Party of Florida supports Attorney General Ashley Moody’s work of legally challenging both this amendment and the efforts of the abortionists to place this amendment on the November ballot."
  • Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis (R): "[The initiatives] are very, very extreme. Once voters figure out how radical both of those are, they’re going to fail."
  • Lynda Bell, President of Florida Right to Life and co-founder of Do No Harm Florida: "The next step may be to force taxpayers to pay for abortions. [Abortion rights supporters in Michigan] are suing to force taxpayers to fund abortions."
  • Life First PC: "Amendment 4 in Florida is a highly controversial proposal that seeks to significantly alter the state's existing abortion laws. If passed, this amendment would permit abortion up to the point of birth, a drastic departure from current restrictions that generally limit abortion after the viability of the fetus, except in cases of medical necessity. Additionally, it would grant minors the ability to undergo abortion procedures without parental consent, undermining parental rights and involvement in their children's critical healthcare decisions. Furthermore, Amendment 4 would expand the scope of medical professionals authorized to refer women for abortions beyond licensed abortionists and women’s health professionals. This expansion raises concerns regarding the quality of care and expertise involved in such referrals, potentially compromising the safety and well-being of women seeking abortion services. Amendment 4 presents significant implications for women’s health, parental rights, and the protection of unborn life in Florida, stirring debate and prompting advocacy efforts from pro-life advocates. We need your help to turn out 40.1% of voters to vote NO on amendment 4."
  • Informed Church: "[The amendment] will permanently embed abortion for any reason, at any stage, by any health care provider into the Florida constitution. This measure would override all of the Current Protections & Regulations already in place, including parental right to consent. Amendment 4 is largely funded by Planned Parenthood, the ACLU and other organizations pushing for no-limit abortions in the state of Florida. They purposely use deceptive language to make the amendment confusing and vague. In fact, a similar amendment in Ohio that recently passed had 26% of evangelicals voting in favor of it because they simply did not understand the language and were uninformed."
  • Florida Voters Against Extremism: "Amendment 4 pretends to 'just bring things back to how they were with Roe vs. Wade'– but it actually goes much further – allowing for abortion throughout all 9 months of pregnancy with no protections for the unborn baby. Unlike other Amendments, Amendment 4 provides ZERO definitions of key words like 'government interference', 'viability', 'health care provider', 'patient’s health' – so voters won’t even know what they’re voting on. This creates huge loopholes that will result in years of litigation and legal uncertainty. ... Amendment 4 gives abortion clinics a rubber stamp to approve late-term, third trimester abortions. ... Amendment 4 would make abortion the only medical procedure that minors could undergo without parental consent."
  • U.S. Sen. Rick Scott (R-FL): "I don’t support the ballot initiative on abortion because it’s extreme. I think the Democrats are, I believe, extreme on this. They support abortion up until the moment of birth, they support allowing a healthy baby born alive to die just by leaving him in the corner."
  • Donald Trump (R): "I think six weeks, you need more time than six weeks. I disagreed with that right from the early primaries. When I heard about it, I disagreed with it. At the same time, the Democrats are radical because the nine months is just a ridiculous situation where you can do an abortion in the ninth month. All of that stuff is unacceptable, so I'll be voting no (on Amendment 4) for that reason."
  • Students for Life of America President Kristan Hawkins: "Floridians face a stark choice this November, when unlimited abortion is on the ballot. Make no mistake, the Democrats are going to use abortion as a Get-Out-The-Vote tactic to run from their terrible record on the border, economy, and foreign policy. The Pro-Life Generation will stand with vulnerable women and preborn babies to ensure it doesn’t happen."
  • Florida Physicians Against Amendment 4: "This amendment violates our commitment to excellent health care for women and children because it would: Permit abortion through all nine months of pregnancy; Permit non-physicians to determine when and if an abortion can be performed, even in late pregnancy; Eliminate parental consent for minors; and; Remove common sense maternal health and safety regulations."

Ballot access

The table below details filing requirements for U.S. House candidates in Florida in the 2024 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Florida, click here.

Filing requirements for U.S. House candidates, 2024
State	Office	Party	Signatures required	Filing fee	Filing deadline	Source
Florida	U.S. House	Ballot-qualified party	5,181	$10,440.00	4/26/2024	Source
Florida	U.S. House	Unaffiliated	5,181	$6,960.00	4/26/2024	Source

==District analysis==

Click the tabs below to view information about voter composition, past elections, and demographics in both the district and the state.

• District map - A map of the district in place for the election.
• Competitiveness - Information about the competitiveness of 2024 U.S. House elections in the state.
• Presidential elections - Information about presidential elections in the district and the state.
• State party control - The partisan makeup of the state's congressional delegation and state government.

• District map
• Competitiveness
• Presidential elections
• State party control

Below was the map in use at the time of the election. Click the map below to enlarge it.

See also: Primary election competitiveness in state and federal government, 2024

This section contains data on U.S. House primary election competitiveness in Florida.

Florida U.S. House competitiveness, 2014-2024
Office	Districts/ offices	Seats	Open seats	Candidates	Possible primaries	Contested Democratic primaries	Contested Republican primaries	% of contested primaries	Incumbents in contested primaries	% of incumbents in contested primaries
2024	28	28	1	101	56	9	21	53.6%	15	55.6%
2022	28	28	6	151	56	14	24	67.9%	17	73.9%
2020	27	27	2	114	54	10	19	53.7%	10	40.0%
2018	27	27	4	104	54	19	12	57.4%	11	47.8%
2016	27	27	7	100	54	11	13	44.4%	9	47.4%
2014	27	27	0	75	54	5	10	27.8%	8	29.6%

Post-filing deadline analysis

The following analysis covers all U.S. House districts up for election in Florida in 2024. Information below was calculated on May 7, 2024, and may differ from information shown in the table above due to candidate replacements and withdrawals after that time.

One hundred three candidates ran for Florida’s 28 U.S. House districts, including 42 Democrats and 61 Republicans. That’s 3.68 candidates per district, less than in the previous three election cycles. There were 5.43 candidates per district in 2022, 4.22 candidates per district in 2020, and 3.86 in 2018.

The 8th Congressional District was the only open district, meaning no incumbents filed to run. That’s the fewest open seats in Florida since 2014 when no seats were open. Incumbent Rep. Bill Posey (R-8th) did not run for re-election because he is retired from public office.

Seven candidates—incumbent Rep. Jared Moskowitz (D-23rd) and six Republicans—ran for the 23rd Congressional District, the most candidates who ran for a seat in 2024.

Thirty primaries—nine Democratic and 21 Republican—were contested in 2024. Thirty-eight primaries were contested in 2022, 29 primaries were contested in 2020, and 31 primaries were contested in 2018.

Fifteen incumbents—two Democrats and 13 Republicans—were in contested primaries in Florida in 2024. That’s less than the 17 incumbents in contested primaries in 2022 but more than the 10 incumbents in contested primaries in 2020.

The 20th Congressional District is guaranteed to Democrats because no Republicans will appear on the ballot. Democrats filed to run in every congressional district, meaning none are guaranteed to Republicans.

Partisan Voter Index

See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index

Heading into the 2024 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was D+5. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 5 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made Florida's 23rd the 165th most Democratic district nationally.

2020 presidential election results

The table below shows what the vote in the 2020 presidential election would have been in this district. The presidential election data was compiled by Daily Kos.

2020 presidential results in Florida's 23rd based on 2024 district lines
Joe Biden	Donald Trump
56.3%	43.1%

Inside Elections Baselines

See also: Inside Elections

Inside Elections' Baseline is a figure that analyzes all federal and statewide election results from the district over the past four election cycles. The results are combined in an index estimating the strength of a typical Democratic or Republican candidate in the congressional district. The table below displays the Baseline data for this district.

Inside Elections Baseline for 2024
Democratic Baseline	Republican Baseline	Difference
54.4	44.7	D+9.7

Presidential voting history

See also: Presidential election in Florida, 2020

Florida presidential election results (1900-2020)

• 17 Democratic wins
• 14 Republican wins

Year	1900	1904	1908	1912	1916	1920	1924	1928	1932	1936	1940	1944	1948	1952	1956	1960	1964	1968	1972	1976	1980	1984	1988	1992	1996	2000	2004	2008	2012	2016	2020
Winning Party	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	R	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	D	R	R	D	R	R	R	R	D	R	R	D	D	R	R

See also: Party control of Florida state government

Congressional delegation

The table below displays the partisan composition of Florida's congressional delegation as of May 2024.

Congressional Partisan Breakdown from Florida
Party	U.S. Senate	U.S. House	Total
Democratic	0	8	8
Republican	2	20	22
Independent	0	0	0
Vacancies	0	0	0
Total	2	28	30

State executive

The table below displays the officeholders in Florida's top four state executive offices as of May 2024.

State executive officials in Florida, May 2024
Office	Officeholder
Governor	Ron DeSantis
Lieutenant Governor	Jeanette Nuñez
Secretary of State	Cord Byrd
Attorney General	Ashley B. Moody

State legislature

Florida State Senate

Party		As of February 2024
	Democratic Party	12
	Republican Party	28
	Other	0
	Vacancies	0
Total		40

Florida House of Representatives

Party		As of February 2024
	Democratic Party	36
	Republican Party	84
	Other	0
	Vacancies	0
Total		120

Trifecta control

The table below shows the state's trifecta status from 1992 until the 2024 election.

Florida Party Control: 1992-2024
One year of a Democratic trifecta  •  Twenty-five years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year	92	93	94	95	96	97	98	99	00	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	08	09	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24
Governor	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	I	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
Senate	D	S	S	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
House	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R

District history

The section below details election results for this office in elections dating back to 2018.

2022

See also: Florida's 23rd Congressional District election, 2022

General election

General election for U.S. House Florida District 23

Jared Evan Moskowitz defeated Joe Budd, Christine Scott, and Mark Napier in the general election for U.S. House Florida District 23 on November 8, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jared Evan Moskowitz (D)	51.6	143,951
		Joe Budd (R)	46.8	130,681
		Christine Scott (No Party Affiliation)	1.1	3,079
		Mark Napier (No Party Affiliation)	0.5	1,338

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	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 279,049
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Florida District 23

The following candidates ran in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Florida District 23 on August 23, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jared Evan Moskowitz	61.1	38,822
		Ben Sorensen	20.5	13,012
		Hava Holzhauer	8.3	5,276
		Allen Ellison	6.2	3,960
		W. Michael Trout	2.2	1,390
		Michaelangelo Hamilton	1.7	1,064

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 63,524
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Florida District 23

The following candidates ran in the Republican primary for U.S. House Florida District 23 on August 23, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Joe Budd	37.6	12,592
		James Pruden	22.1	7,399
		Darlene Cerezo Swaffar	11.6	3,872
		Christy McLaughlin	11.4	3,832
		Steve Chess	8.5	2,840
		Ira Weinstein	6.9	2,297
		Myles Perrone	1.9	639

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	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 33,471
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Jeff Olson (R)
• Saad Suleman (R)

2020

See also: Florida's 23rd Congressional District election, 2020

General election

General election for U.S. House Florida District 23

Incumbent Debbie Wasserman Schultz defeated Carla Spalding, Jeff Olson, and D.B. Fugate in the general election for U.S. House Florida District 23 on November 3, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D)	58.2	221,239
		Carla Spalding (R)	41.8	158,874
		Jeff Olson (R) (Write-in)	0.0	46
		D.B. Fugate (R) (Write-in)	0.0	37

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	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 380,196
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Florida District 23

Incumbent Debbie Wasserman Schultz defeated Jen Perelman in the Democratic primary for U.S. House Florida District 23 on August 18, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Debbie Wasserman Schultz	72.0	55,729
		Jen Perelman	28.0	21,631

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	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 77,360
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Florida District 23

Carla Spalding defeated Michael Kroske in the Republican primary for U.S. House Florida District 23 on August 18, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Carla Spalding	51.3	12,751
		Michael Kroske	48.7	12,116

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	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 24,867
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Shlomo Nizahon (R)
• Ilya Katz (R)
• Richard Mendelson (R)

2018

See also: Florida's 23rd Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House Florida District 23

Incumbent Debbie Wasserman Schultz defeated Joe Kaufman, Tim Canova, and Don Endriss in the general election for U.S. House Florida District 23 on November 6, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D)	58.5	161,611
		Joe Kaufman (R)	36.0	99,446
		Tim Canova (No Party Affiliation)	5.0	13,697
	Submit photo	Don Endriss (No Party Affiliation)	0.6	1,612

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	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 276,366
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Stuart Reed (Independent)

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House Florida District 23

Incumbent Debbie Wasserman Schultz advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House Florida District 23 on August 28, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Debbie Wasserman Schultz

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	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House Florida District 23

Joe Kaufman defeated Carlos Reyes and Carla Spalding in the Republican primary for U.S. House Florida District 23 on August 28, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Joe Kaufman	44.7	11,659
		Carlos Reyes	33.7	8,794
		Carla Spalding	21.6	5,627

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	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 26,080
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
Do you want a spreadsheet of this type of data? Contact our sales team.

See also

Florida	2024 primaries	2024 U.S. Congress elections
Florida congressional delegation Voting in Florida Florida elections: 2024 • 2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018	Democratic primary battlegrounds Republican primary battlegrounds U.S. Senate Democratic primaries U.S. Senate Republican primaries U.S. House Democratic primaries U.S. House Republican primaries	U.S. Congress elections U.S. Senate elections U.S. House elections Special elections Ballot access

External links

• Search Google News for this topic

Footnotes

[show]

Florida's current delegation to the United States Congress

Senators

Ashley Moody (R)

Rick Scott (R)

Representatives

District 1

Jimmy Patronis (R)

District 2

Neal Dunn (R)

District 3

Kat Cammack (R)

District 4

Aaron Bean (R)

District 5

John Rutherford (R)

District 6

Randy Fine (R)

District 7

Cory Mills (R)

District 8

Mike Haridopolos (R)

District 9

Darren Soto (D)

District 10

Maxwell Frost (D)

District 11

Daniel Webster (R)

District 12

Gus Bilirakis (R)

District 13

Anna Luna (R)

District 14

Kathy Castor (D)

District 15

Laurel Lee (R)

District 16

Vern Buchanan (R)

District 17

Greg Steube (R)

District 18

Scott Franklin (R)

District 19

Byron Donalds (R)

District 20

Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick (D)

District 21

Brian Mast (R)

District 22

Lois Frankel (D)

District 23

Jared Moskowitz (D)

District 24

Frederica Wilson (D)

District 25

Debbie Wasserman Schultz (D)

District 26

Mario Diaz-Balart (R)

District 27

Maria Elvira Salazar (R)

District 28

Carlos Gimenez (R)

Republican Party (22)

Democratic Party (8)

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