Alabama state executive official elections, 2018

	2020 → ← 2016
Alabama state executive official elections
Election details
	Filing deadline: February 9, 2018
	Primary: June 5, 2018; Primary runoff: July 17, 2018 (if needed); General: November 6, 2018
How to vote
	Poll times: 7 a.m. to 7 p.m.; Voting in Alabama
Ballotpedia analysis
	Federal and state primary competitiveness; State executive elections in 2018; Impact of term limits in 2018; State government trifectas and triplexes
Other state executive elections
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The following state executive offices were up for election in Alabama in 2018. Click on the following links to learn more about each race:

Governor
Lieutenant governor
Attorney general
Secretary of state
Treasurer
Auditor
Agriculture commissioner
State board of education
Public service commissioner

Candidates and election results

Governor

General election

General election for Governor of Alabama

Incumbent Kay Ivey defeated Walt Maddox in the general election for Governor of Alabama on November 6, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Kay Ivey (R)	59.5	1,022,457
	Walt Maddox (D)	40.4	694,495
	Other/Write-in votes	0.2	2,637

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 1,719,589 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Governor of Alabama

The following candidates ran in the Democratic primary for Governor of Alabama on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Walt Maddox	54.6	154,850
		Sue Bell Cobb	29.0	82,236
		James C. Fields	8.0	22,683
	Submit photo	Anthony White	3.4	9,719
		Doug Smith	3.3	9,274
		Christopher Countryman	1.7	4,943

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 283,705
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Governor of Alabama

Incumbent Kay Ivey defeated Tommy Battle, Scott Dawson, Bill Hightower, and Michael McAllister in the Republican primary for Governor of Alabama on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Kay Ivey	56.1	331,739
		Tommy Battle	24.9	147,207
		Scott Dawson	13.5	79,546
		Bill Hightower	5.0	29,367
	Submit photo	Michael McAllister	0.6	3,340

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 591,199
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Slade Blackwell (R)

Lieutenant governor

General election

General election for Lieutenant Governor of Alabama

Will Ainsworth defeated Will Boyd in the general election for Lieutenant Governor of Alabama on November 6, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Will Ainsworth (R)	61.3	1,044,941
	Will Boyd (D)	38.7	660,013
	Other/Write-in votes	0.1	1,023

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 1,705,977 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary runoff election

Republican primary runoff for Lieutenant Governor of Alabama

Will Ainsworth defeated Twinkle Andress Cavanaugh in the Republican primary runoff for Lieutenant Governor of Alabama on July 17, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Will Ainsworth	51.5	176,643
	Twinkle Andress Cavanaugh	48.5	166,432

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 343,075
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Lieutenant Governor of Alabama

Will Boyd advanced from the Democratic primary for Lieutenant Governor of Alabama on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Will Boyd

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Lieutenant Governor of Alabama

Twinkle Andress Cavanaugh and Will Ainsworth advanced to a runoff. They defeated Rusty Glover in the Republican primary for Lieutenant Governor of Alabama on June 5, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Twinkle Andress Cavanaugh	43.3	238,991
✔	Will Ainsworth	37.1	205,017
	Rusty Glover	19.6	108,338

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 552,346
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Attorney general

General election

General election for Attorney General of Alabama

Incumbent Steve Marshall defeated Joseph Siegelman in the general election for Attorney General of Alabama on November 6, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Steve Marshall (R)	58.8	1,004,438
	Joseph Siegelman (D)	41.1	702,858
	Other/Write-in votes	0.1	1,141

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 1,708,437 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary runoff election

Republican primary runoff for Attorney General of Alabama

Incumbent Steve Marshall defeated Troy King in the Republican primary runoff for Attorney General of Alabama on July 17, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Steve Marshall	62.0	211,562
	Troy King	38.0	129,409

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 340,971
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Attorney General of Alabama

Joseph Siegelman defeated Chris Christie in the Democratic primary for Attorney General of Alabama on June 5, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Joseph Siegelman	54.2	147,923
	Chris Christie	45.8	125,184

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 273,107
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Attorney General of Alabama

Incumbent Steve Marshall and Troy King advanced to a runoff. They defeated Alice Martin and Chess Bedsole in the Republican primary for Attorney General of Alabama on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Steve Marshall	28.3	154,500
✔		Troy King	27.9	151,878
		Alice Martin	23.2	126,735
	Submit photo	Chess Bedsole	20.6	112,062

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 545,175
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Secretary of state

General election

General election for Alabama Secretary of State

Incumbent John Merrill defeated Heather Milam in the general election for Alabama Secretary of State on November 6, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	John Merrill (R)	61.0	1,032,425
	Heather Milam (D)	38.9	658,537
	Other/Write-in votes	0.1	1,064

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 1,692,026 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Alabama Secretary of State

Heather Milam defeated Lula Albert in the Democratic primary for Alabama Secretary of State on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Heather Milam	63.7	161,062
	Submit photo	Lula Albert	36.3	91,965

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 253,027
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Alabama Secretary of State

Incumbent John Merrill defeated Michael Johnson in the Republican primary for Alabama Secretary of State on June 5, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	John Merrill	71.6	335,852
	Michael Johnson	28.4	133,014

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 468,866
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Treasurer

General election

General election for Alabama Treasurer

John McMillan won election in the general election for Alabama Treasurer on November 6, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	John McMillan (R)	97.1	1,085,054
	Other/Write-in votes	2.9	31,968

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 1,117,022 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Alabama Treasurer

John McMillan defeated David Black and Stephen Evans in the Republican primary for Alabama Treasurer on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		John McMillan	61.2	274,157
	Submit photo	David Black	21.4	95,723
	Submit photo	Stephen Evans	17.5	78,262

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 448,142
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Auditor

General election

General election for Alabama Auditor

Incumbent Jim Zeigler defeated Miranda Joseph in the general election for Alabama Auditor on November 6, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Jim Zeigler (R)	60.4	1,018,466
	Miranda Joseph (D)	39.5	665,679
	Other/Write-in votes	0.1	1,362

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 1,685,507 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Alabama Auditor

Miranda Joseph advanced from the Democratic primary for Alabama Auditor on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Miranda Joseph

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Alabama Auditor

Incumbent Jim Zeigler defeated Stan Cooke and Elliott Lipinsky in the Republican primary for Alabama Auditor on June 5, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Jim Zeigler	55.6	262,153
	Stan Cooke	32.6	153,578
	Elliott Lipinsky	11.8	55,624

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 471,355
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Agriculture commissioner

General election

General election for Alabama Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries

Rick Pate won election in the general election for Alabama Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries on November 6, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Rick Pate (R)	97.2	1,081,431
	Other/Write-in votes	2.8	31,312

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 1,112,743 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary runoff election

Republican primary runoff for Alabama Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries

Rick Pate defeated Gerald Dial in the Republican primary runoff for Alabama Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries on July 17, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Rick Pate	56.7	176,434
	Gerald Dial	43.3	134,772

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 311,206
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Alabama Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries

Rick Pate and Gerald Dial advanced to a runoff. They defeated Cecil Murphy and Tracy Crane in the Republican primary for Alabama Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries on June 5, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Rick Pate	40.4	181,637
✔	Gerald Dial	30.0	134,868
	Cecil Murphy	17.2	77,363
	Tracy Crane	12.4	56,007

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 449,875
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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State board of education

District 2

General election

General election for Alabama State Board of Education District 2

Tracie West defeated Adam Jortner in the general election for Alabama State Board of Education District 2 on November 6, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Submit photo	Tracie West (R)	66.5	128,498
	Submit photo	Adam Jortner (D)	33.4	64,437
		Other/Write-in votes	0.1	155

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 193,090 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary runoff election

Republican primary runoff for Alabama State Board of Education District 2

Tracie West defeated Melanie Hill in the Republican primary runoff for Alabama State Board of Education District 2 on July 17, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Submit photo	Tracie West	50.7	21,547
	Submit photo	Melanie Hill	49.3	20,917

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 42,464
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Alabama State Board of Education District 2

Adam Jortner advanced from the Democratic primary for Alabama State Board of Education District 2 on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate
✔	Submit photo	Adam Jortner

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Alabama State Board of Education District 2

Melanie Hill and Tracie West advanced to a runoff. They defeated John Taylor and Sybil Little in the Republican primary for Alabama State Board of Education District 2 on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Submit photo	Melanie Hill	32.9	19,677
✔	Submit photo	Tracie West	31.7	18,963
	Submit photo	John Taylor	28.5	17,038
	Submit photo	Sybil Little	7.0	4,159

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 59,837
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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District 4

General election

General election for Alabama State Board of Education District 4

Incumbent Yvette Richardson defeated Don Wallace in the general election for Alabama State Board of Education District 4 on November 6, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Yvette Richardson (D)	67.4	142,282
	Submit photo	Don Wallace (R)	32.5	68,571
		Other/Write-in votes	0.1	139

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 210,992 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Alabama State Board of Education District 4

Incumbent Yvette Richardson advanced from the Democratic primary for Alabama State Board of Education District 4 on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Yvette Richardson

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Alabama State Board of Education District 4

Don Wallace advanced from the Republican primary for Alabama State Board of Education District 4 on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate
✔	Submit photo	Don Wallace

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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District 6

General election

General election for Alabama State Board of Education District 6

Incumbent Cynthia Sanders McCarty won election in the general election for Alabama State Board of Education District 6 on November 6, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Cynthia Sanders McCarty (R)	98.8	155,682
	Other/Write-in votes	1.2	1,843

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 157,525 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Alabama State Board of Education District 6

Incumbent Cynthia Sanders McCarty advanced from the Republican primary for Alabama State Board of Education District 6 on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Cynthia Sanders McCarty

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.
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District 8

General election

General election for Alabama State Board of Education District 8

Wayne Reynolds defeated Jessica Fortune Barker in the general election for Alabama State Board of Education District 8 on November 6, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Wayne Reynolds (R)	61.0	137,524
	Jessica Fortune Barker (D)	38.9	87,714
	Other/Write-in votes	0.1	174

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 225,412 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Alabama State Board of Education District 8

Jessica Fortune Barker advanced from the Democratic primary for Alabama State Board of Education District 8 on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Jessica Fortune Barker

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Alabama State Board of Education District 8

Wayne Reynolds defeated Rich McAdams in the Republican primary for Alabama State Board of Education District 8 on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Wayne Reynolds	51.8	30,885
	Submit photo	Rich McAdams	48.2	28,693

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 59,578
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Public service commissioner

Place 1

General election

General election for Alabama Public Service Commission Place 1

Incumbent Jeremy Oden defeated Cara McClure in the general election for Alabama Public Service Commission Place 1 on November 6, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Jeremy Oden (R)	60.4	1,013,072
	Cara McClure (D)	39.5	662,581
	Other/Write-in votes	0.1	940

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 1,676,593 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Alabama Public Service Commission Place 1

Cara McClure advanced from the Democratic primary for Alabama Public Service Commission Place 1 on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Cara McClure

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Alabama Public Service Commission Place 1

Incumbent Jeremy Oden defeated Jim Bonner in the Republican primary for Alabama Public Service Commission Place 1 on June 5, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Jeremy Oden	50.6	222,830
	Jim Bonner	49.4	217,721

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 440,551
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Place 2

General election

General election for Alabama Public Service Commission Place 2

Incumbent Chris Beeker defeated Kari Powell in the general election for Alabama Public Service Commission Place 2 on November 6, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Chris Beeker (R)	60.1	1,006,713
	Kari Powell (D)	39.9	668,620
	Other/Write-in votes	0.1	1,029

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 1,676,362 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for Alabama Public Service Commission Place 2

Kari Powell advanced from the Democratic primary for Alabama Public Service Commission Place 2 on June 5, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Kari Powell

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for Alabama Public Service Commission Place 2

Incumbent Chris Beeker defeated Robin Litaker in the Republican primary for Alabama Public Service Commission Place 2 on June 5, 2018.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Chris Beeker	68.7	281,753
	Robin Litaker	31.3	128,587

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.	Total votes: 410,340
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Context of the 2018 elections

Party control in Alabama

A state government trifecta is a term that describes single-party government, when one political party holds the governor's office and has majorities in both chambers of the legislature in a state government. Republicans in Alabama gained a state government trifecta as a result of the 2010 elections. They defended their trifecta in the 2014 elections. Democrats had trifectas in the state from 1993 to 1994 and from 1999 to 2002.

Alabama Party Control: 1992-2025
Six years of Democratic trifectas • Fifteen years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year	92	93	94	95	96	97	98	99	00	01	02	03	04	05	06	07	08	09	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25
Governor	R	D	D	R	R	R	R	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
Senate	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R
House	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R	R

Voter information

How the primary works

A primary election is an election in which registered voters select a candidate that they believe should be a political party's candidate for elected office to run in the general election. They are also used to choose convention delegates and party leaders. Primaries are state-level and local-level elections that take place prior to a general election. Alabama uses an open primary system, in which registered voters do not have to be members of a party to vote in that party's primary.^[1]

For information about which offices are nominated via primary election, see this article.

Poll times

In Alabama, polls are open from 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. According to state law, "All polling places in areas operating on eastern time shall open and close under this section pursuant to eastern time except the county commissions in Chambers County and Lee County may by resolution provide for any polling place to be excluded from this sentence and to be open according to central time."^[2] Anyone in line when the polls close must be allowed to vote.^[3]

Voter registration

Check your voter registration status here.

Alabama requires that an applicant be a citizen of the United States who resides in Alabama. A voter must be at least 18 years old on or before Election Day. A citizen cannot have been barred from registering due to a felony conviction and cannot have been declared mentally incompetent by a court.^[4]

Voters cannot register during the 14 days preceding an election. According to the Alabama Secretary of State's website:^[4]

“

You may download the State of Alabama Postcard Voter Registration Application from this site. The form can be printed on your printer, filled out, and then mailed into your local voter registration officials. Click here for more information.

You may also request a postcard voter registration from this office by e-mail. Click here to request a voter registration form.

Voter registration is also available from your local County Board of Registrars. Click here to get the address and phone number for the board of registrars office in your county.

You may also obtain voter registration services at the following state and local government offices and agencies:

Driver's licensing office
County and select municipal public libraries
Department of Human Resources
WIC Program, Department of Public Health
Medicaid Agency
Department of Rehabilitation Services

The postcard voter registration form is also available at:

Public 4-year universities
Select private 4-year universities
Driver's licensing office
County and select municipal public libraries
Department of Human Resources
WIC Program, Department of Public Health
Medicaid Agency
Department of Rehabilitation Services^[5]

”

Automatic registration

See also: Automatic voter registration

Alabama does not practice automatic voter registration.^[6]

Online registration

See also: Online voter registration

Alabama has implemented an online voter registration system. Residents can register to vote by visiting this website.

Same-day registration

See also: Same-day voter registration

Alabama does not allow same-day voter registration.^[7]

Residency requirements

To register to vote in Alabama, you must be a resident of the state. State law does not specify a length of time for which you must have been a resident to be eligible.

Verification of citizenship

See also: Laws permitting noncitizens to vote in the United States

An Alabama state law, passed in 2011, requires people to provide proof of U.S. citizenship when registering to vote.^[8] However, as of November 2025, the law had not been implemented.^[9]^[4]

In 2013, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that states cannot require proof of citizenship with federal registration forms. That meant states would need to create a separate registration system for state elections to require proof of citizenship. Alabama Secretary of State John Merrill (R) said the following: "That’s an election administration nightmare ... You’d have to have two sets of poll books, one for federal elections and one for state elections, and that just doesn’t make any sense to me."^[10]

An individual applying to register to vote must attest that they are a U.S. citizen under penalty of perjury.^[11]

All 49 states with voter registration systems require applicants to declare that they are U.S. citizens in order to register to vote in state and federal elections, under penalty of perjury or other punishment.^[12] Seven states — Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Kansas, Louisiana, New Hampshire, and Wyoming — have laws requiring verification of citizenship at the time of voter registration, whether in effect or not. One state, Ohio, requires proof of citizenship only when registering to vote at a Bureau of Motor Vehicles facility. In three states — California, Maryland, and Vermont — at least one local jurisdiction allows noncitizens to vote in some local elections. Noncitizens registering to vote in those elections must complete a voter registration application provided by the local jurisdiction and are not eligible to register as state or federal voters.

Verifying your registration

The Alabama Secretary of State's Voter View website allows residents to check their voter registration status online.

Early and absentee/mail-in voting policy

Early voting

See also: Early voting

Alabama does not permit early voting.

Early voting permits citizens to cast ballots in person at a polling place prior to an election. In states that permit no-excuse early voting, a voter does not have to provide an excuse for being unable to vote on Election Day. States that allow voters to cast no-excuse absentee/mail-in ballots in person are counted as no-excuse early voting states.

Forty-seven states and the District of Columbia permit no-excuse early voting.

Absentee/mail-in voting

See also: Absentee/mail-in voting

A voter is eligible to vote absentee/mail-in in an election if he or she cannot make it to the polls on Election Day for one of the following reasons:^[13]

The voter will be absent from the county on Election Day.
The voter is ill or has a disability that prevents a trip to the polling place.
The voter is physically incapacitated and cannot access their polling place due to a life-altering disorder that affects their ability to perform manual tasks, stand for any length of time, walk unassisted, see, hear, or speak. The voter must also be 65 years of age or older or have a disability.
The voter is a registered voter living outside the county, such as a member of the armed forces, a voter employed outside the United States, a college student, or a spouse or child of such a person.
The voter is an appointed election officer or poll watcher at a polling place other than his or her regular polling place.
The voter works a required shift of 10 hours or more that coincides with polling hours.
The voter is a caregiver to a family member to the second degree of kinship who is confined to their home.
The voter is incarcerated and has not been convicted of a felony involving moral turpitude.

Absentee/mail-in ballot application must be received by the seventh day prior to the election if delivered by mail, and by the fifth day before an election if delivered by hand.

In the following circumstances, the deadline to apply for an absentee/mail-in ballot is 5 p.m. the day before the election:

The voter is required by an employer under unforeseen circumstances to be out of the county on Election Day for an emergency business trip.
The voter is a caregiver of a person who requires emergency treatment by a licensed physician within five days before an election.
The voter has a family member to the second degree of kinship by affinity or consanguinity die within five days before an election.

Alabama also provides for medical emergency absentee/mail-in voting for a voter who has a medical emergency requiring treatment from a licensed physician within 5 days of an election. A voted medical emergency absentee/mail-in ballot must be returned no later than noon on election day.^[13]

Absentee/mail-in ballot applications must be mailed or handed in person to an absentee/mail-in election manager (usually a circuit clerk). For a link to the application and to find your county's absentee/mail-in election manager, click here.

See below for voter identification requirements for absentee/mail-in ballots in Alabama.

All states allow for some form of absentee/mail-in voting. Seven states and the District of Columbia had automatic mail-in ballot systems that mandate that all eligible voters receive an absentee/mail ballot by default. An eighth state, Vermont, had such a system for general elections only.

Twenty-eight states allow any eligible voter to cast an absentee/mail-in ballot. The remaining 14 states required voters to provide an excuse to receive and cast an absentee/mail ballot. Acceptable excuses vary by state.

Returning absentee/mail-in ballots

See also: Mail ballot collection and return laws by state

Only the voter may return their absentee/mail-in ballot, either by mail or in person. A voter may designate another person to return their ballot only in the case of medical emergency absentee voting.^[13]

“

After marking the ballot and subscribing the oath herein required, the voter shall seal his or her ballot in the plain envelope, place that plain envelope inside the affidavit envelope, complete the affidavit, have a notary public (or other officer authorized to acknowledge oaths) or two witnesses witness his or her signature to the affidavit, and forward it by United States mail to the absentee election manager or hand it to him or her in person.^[14]^[5]

”

Twenty states allow anyone chosen by the voter to return a ballot on the voter's behalf, with certain exceptions, while 16 states allow anyone with certain relationships to the voter to return the voter's ballot. Four states allow only the voter to return the voter's ballot, with certain exceptions, and two states required voters to return their ballots by mail. Eight states and D.C. do not specify who may return ballots.

Drop box availability

State law does not mention drop boxes and they were not in use in the state as of 2025.^[15]

Signature requirements and cure provisions

Ballots will not be counted in the state of Alabama if they do not 1) contain the voter's signature, or 2) contain the signatures of two witnesses or a notary public. Alabama does not have a cure provision, or a law providing for a process where election officials follow up with voters whose absentee/mail-in ballots contain a signature discrepancy or lack the requisite signatures.^[13]

Alabama law states the following:

“

No poll worker or other election official shall open an affidavit envelope if the envelope indicates the ballot is an unverified provisional ballot or the affidavit is unsigned by the voter or unmarked, and no ballot envelope or ballot may be removed or counted. No poll worker or other election official shall open an affidavit envelope if the voter’s affidavit signature or mark is not witnessed by the signatures of two witnesses or a notary public, or other officer, including a military commissioned officer, authorized to acknowledge oaths, and no ballot envelope or ballot may be removed or counted.^[16]^[5]

”

Thirty-three states have laws that include cure provisions, while 17 states do not. One state, Pennsylvania, allows counties to establish a cure process.

Was your absentee/mail-in ballot counted?

Use the Alabama Secretary of State's Voter View tool to check the status of your absentee/mail-in ballot.

Voter identification requirements

See also: Voter ID in Alabama

See also: Voter identification laws by state

Alabama requires voters to present photo identification at the polls. The following list of accepted forms of identification was current as of November 2025. Click here for the most current information, sourced directly from the Office of the Alabama Secretary of State.

“

Valid Alabama Driver’s License (not expired or has been expired less than 60 days)
- Alabama Law Enforcement Agency Digital Driver’s License
Valid Alabama Nondriver ID (not expired or has been expired less than 60 days)
- Alabama Law Enforcement Agency Digital Nondriver ID
Valid Alabama Photo Voter ID Card
Valid State-Issued ID (Alabama or any other state)
- Examples
  - Valid AL Department of Corrections Release - Temporary ID (Photo Required)
  - Valid AL Movement/Booking Sheet from Prison/Jail System (Photo Required)
  - Valid Pistol Permit (Photo Required)
Valid Federal-Issued ID
Valid US passport
Valid Employee ID from Federal Government, State of Alabama, County, Municipality, Board, or other entity of this state
Valid student or employee ID from a public or private college or university in the State of Alabama (including postgraduate technical or professional schools)
- Digital student ID from a public or private college or university in the State of Alabama (including postgraduate technical or professional schools)
Valid student or employee ID issued by a state institution of higher learning in any other state
- Digital student ID issued by a state institution of higher learning in any other state
Valid Military ID
Valid Tribal ID^[5]

”

To view Alabama statute pertaining to voter identification, click here.

A voter can obtain a free identification card from the Alabama Secretary of State, a county registrar's office, or a mobile location.^[17] The mobile location schedule can be accessed here. Alabama requires voters to present photo ID while voting. Accepted forms of identification include driver's licenses, student ID cards, and military IDs. A voter can obtain a free photo ID from the Alabama Secretary of State, a county registrar's office, or a mobile location, which changes daily. The mobile location schedule can be accessed here.^[18]^[19] Click here to learn more about the background of Alabama's law.

Thirty-six states require voters to present identification in order to vote at the polls on Election Day. Of these states, 24 require voters to present identification containing a photograph, and 12 accept other forms of identification. The remaining 14 states do not require voters to present identification in order to vote at the polls on Election Day.

Valid forms of identification differ by state. In certain states that require voters to provide identification, there may be exceptions that allow some voters to cast a ballot without providing an ID. To see more about these exceptions, see details by state. Commonly accepted forms of ID include driver's licenses, state-issued identification cards, and military identification cards.

Provisional balloting for voters without ID

Voters who do not have ID while voting may cast provisional ballots. See below for provisional ballot rules.

Provisional ballot rules

Voters in Alabama are given provisional ballots under the following circumstances. Below each circumstance is a description of the action taken to determine whether provisional ballots will be counted and circumstances under which they will not be counted.^[20]

(1) "The name of the individual does not appear on the official list of eligible voters for the precinct or polling place in which the individual seeks to vote, and the individual's registration cannot be verified while at the polling place by the registrar or the judge of probate."

The voter must sign an affirmation of their eligibility to vote in that precinct and fill out a voter reidentification form to be used for updating the state voter registration list.
If the voter is found to be ineligible to vote or cast their ballot in the incorrect precinct, the ballot will not be counted.

(2) "An inspector has knowledge that the individual is not entitled to vote at that precinct and challenges the individual."

"[T]he inspector shall sign a statement under penalty of perjury setting forth facts which the inspector believes to support his or her belief that the individual is not qualified to vote in the precinct in which the voter is seeking to vote."

(3) "The individual is required to comply with the voter identification provisions of Section 17-10-1 but is unable to do so."

"[T]he identification, including the address and telephone number of the voter, must be provided to the board of registrars no later than 5:00 P.M. on the Friday following the election."
"If the voter fails to provide identification to the board of registrars by 5:00 P.M. on the Friday following the election, the voter's ballot shall not be counted."

(4) "A federal or state court order extends the time for closing the polls beyond that established by state law and the individual votes during the extended period of time."

"[T]he provisional ballots shall be segregated from other provisional ballots into a separate sealed container for such purpose and shall be counted, tabulated, and canvassed only pursuant to the order of a court having proper jurisdiction."

(5) "The person has requested, but not voted, an absentee ballot."

If a voter is found to have already voted by absentee ballot, their in-person provisional ballot will not be counted.^[21]

Was your provisional ballot counted?

Visit the secretary of state's Voter View website to check the status of your provisional ballot.

Primary election type

See also: Primary elections in Alabama

A primary election is an election in which registered voters select a candidate that they believe should be a political party's candidate for elected office to run in the general election. They are also used to choose convention delegates and party leaders. Primaries are state-level and local-level elections that take place prior to a general election. Alabama uses an open primary system, in which registered voters do not have to be members of a party to vote in that party's primary.^[22]

For information about which offices are nominated via primary election, see this article.

Time off work for voting

In Alabama, employers must provide workers with time off to vote on election day under certain conditions. State law says the following:

“

Each employee in the state shall, upon reasonable notice to his or her employer, be permitted by his or her employer to take necessary time off from his or her employment to vote in any municipal, county, state, or federal political party primary or election for which the employee is qualified and registered to vote on the day on which the primary or election is held. The necessary time off shall not exceed one hour and if the hours of work of the employee commence at least two hours after the opening of the polls or end at least one hour prior to the closing of the polls, then the time off for voting as provided in this section shall not be available. The employer may specify the hours during which the employee may absent himself or herself as provided in this section.^[23]^[5]

”

Twenty-eight states require employers to grant employees time off to vote. Within these 28 states, policies vary as to whether that time off must be paid and how much notice must be given.

Electioneering

Alabama state law restricts anyone except voters and those assisting them, the judge of probate, the sheriff, precinct election officials, and poll watchers from being within 30 feet of the door to a polling place.^[24]

Voting rules for people convicted of a felony

See also: Voting rights for people convicted of a felony

In Alabama, people convicted of a felony involving "moral turpitude," as defined by the state, are disqualified from voting. As of November 2025, Alabama state law identified 56 types of crimes involving moral turpitude. Click here for a complete list. Individuals convicted of a felony listed can apply to the state Board of Pardons and Paroles to have their voting eligibility restored upon completion of their sentence, including paying all fines, fees, and restitution ordered by a court, completion of their parole or probation, or if they have received a pardon.^[25]

As of November 2025, Alabama state law identified 16 crimes involving moral turpitude for which people convicted of a felony are permanently disqualified from voting. Click here for a complete list of permanently disqualifying felonies.

Voting rights for people convicted of a felony vary from state to state. In the majority of states, people convicted of a felony cannot vote while they are incarcerated but may regain the right to vote upon release from prison or at some point thereafter.^[26]

Voter list maintenance

All states have rules under which they maintain voter rolls—or, check and remove certain names from their lists of registered voters. Most states are subject to the parameters set by The National Voter Registration Act (NVRA).^[27] The NVRA requires states to make efforts to remove deceased individuals and individuals who have become ineligible due to a change of address. It prohibits removing registrants from voter lists within 90 days of a federal election due to change of address unless a registrant has requested to be removed, or from removing people from voter lists solely because they have not voted. The NVRA says that states may remove names from their registration lists under certain other circumstances and that their methods for removing names must be uniform and nondiscriminatory.^[28]

When names can be removed from the voter list

Alabama law states that each county board of registrars will remove names from the voter list if the person:^[29]

dies
becomes a nonresident of the state/county
was declared mentally incompetent
has been convicted of certain offenses (see above)
otherwise becomes disqualified as an elector

The county boards of registrars receive information from the Alabama Criminal Justice Information System, the Office of Vital Statistics of the State Department of Health, clerks of the circuit and district courts, and probate judges to determine several of the above.^[30]

Every four years, county boards of registrars, or the secretary of state, obtain change-of-address information supplied by the United States Postal Service through the National Change of Address database, in addition to at least one other voter registration database, to identify voters who have potentially changed addresses.

The board of registrars must then either update the voter's registration if the new address is under the same jurisdiction, or mail a nonforwardable address confirmation postcard to the registered voter. If the card is returned indicating the voter may have moved, a second, forwardable postcard is sent on which the voter must confirm their address. If that card is returned after being filled out by the voter, the voter list is updated with the current address. If the card is not returned by the voter within 90 days or the notice is returned as undeliverable, that person's name is placed on the inactive list. If the voter does not vote in one of the subsequent two federal elections following being placed on the inactive list, their name is removed from the registration list.^[31]

Inactive voter list rules

Voters in Alabama are placed on inactive voter lists in the following circumstances:

They have not responded to efforts by the board of registrar to confirm their address, as described above;
They have not voted in the county in four years.^[32]

Voters on the inactive list can vote so long as they complete a reidentification form. State law says the following:

“

Each voter whose name is to be removed shall reidentify himself or herself by appearing in person before a registrar, or by appearing before the judge of probate, or either of the clerks in the office of the judge of probate, or through his or her representative before the board of registrars in regular session except that the following persons shall be entitled to reidentify by mail if they possess the qualifications of an elector and are not disqualified from voting under the constitution and laws of Alabama: Members of the Armed Forces of the United States, persons employed outside the United States, persons absent because of attendance at an institution of higher learning, and the spouses and children of such persons."^[33]^[5]

”

The Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC)

See also: Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC)

According to its website, ERIC is a nonprofit corporation that is governed by a board of member-states. These member states submit voter registration and motor vehicle registration information to ERIC. ERIC uses this information, as well as Social Security death records and other sources, to provide member states with reports showing voters who have moved within their state, moved out of their state, died, have duplicate registrations in their state, or are potentially eligible to vote but are not yet registered. ERIC's website describes its funding as follows: "Members fund ERIC. New members pay a one-time membership fee of $25,000, which is reserved for technology upgrades and other unanticipated expenses. Members also pay annual dues. Annual dues cover operating costs and are based, in part, on the citizen voting age population in each state."^[34]

Twenty-five states are participating members in the ERIC program. Thirty-four states and the District of Columbia have joined and participated in ERIC at some point.^[35]

As of November 2025, Alabama was not a participating member in ERIC.^[36]

Secretary of State Wes Allen (R) withdrew Alabama from ERIC on January 16, 2023, saying he would, “permanently cease to transmit any information regarding any citizen of the State of Alabama to [the] organization.”^[37]

Post-election auditing

Alabama state law does not require post-election audits.^[38]

Post-election audits check that election results tallied by a state's voting system match results from paper records, such as paper ballots filled out by voters or the paper records produced by electronic voting machines. Post-election audits are classified into two categories: audits of election results—which include traditional post-election audits as well as risk-limiting audits—and procedural audits.^[39]^[40]

Typically, traditional post-election audits are done by recounting a portion of ballots, either electronically or by hand, and comparing the results to those produced by the state's voting system. In contrast, risk-limiting audits use statistical methods to compare a random sample of votes cast to election results instead of reviewing every ballot. The scope of procedural audits varies by state, but they typically include a systematic review of voting equipment, performance of the voting system, vote totals, duties of election officials and workers, ballot chain of custody, and more.

Forty-six states and the District of Columbia require some form of post-election audit by law, excluding states with pilot programs. Of these, 39 states and the District of Columbia require traditional post-election audits, while three states require risk-limiting post-election audits, and three states require some other form of post-election audit, including procedural post-election audits.^[41]^[39]

Election administration authorities

State election officials

In Alabama, the secretary of state is the state's chief election official. There is no state board of elections or equivalent authority. The secretary of state is elected by popular vote every four years.^[42]

Local election officials

Do you need information about elections in your area? Are you looking for your local election official? Click here to visit the U.S. Vote Foundation and use their election official lookup tool.

Election policy ballot measures

See also: Elections and campaigns on the ballot and List of Alabama ballot measures

Ballotpedia has tracked the following ballot measures relating to election and campaign policy in Alabama.

Recent legislation related to election administration in Alabama

The table below lists bills related to election administration that have been introduced during (or carried over to) the current legislative session in Alabama. The following information is included for each bill:

State
Bill number
Official bill name or caption
Most recent action date
Legislative status
Sponsor party
Topics dealt with by the bill

Bills are organized by most recent action. The table displays up to 100 results. To view more bills, use the arrows in the upper-right corner. Clicking on a bill will open its page on Ballotpedia's Election Administration Legislation Tracker, which includes bill details and a summary.

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Ballot access

See also: Ballot access requirements for political candidates in Alabama

In order to get on the ballot in Alabama, a candidate for state or federal office must meet a variety of state-specific filing requirements and deadlines. These regulations, known as ballot access laws, determine whether a candidate or party will appear on an election ballot. These laws are set at the state level. A candidate must prepare to meet ballot access requirements well in advance of primaries, caucuses, and the general election.

There are three basic methods by which an individual may become a candidate for office in a state.

An individual can seek the nomination of a state-recognized political party.
An individual can run as an independent. Independent candidates often must petition in order to have their names printed on the general election ballot.
An individual can run as a write-in candidate.

This article outlines the steps that prospective candidates for state-level and congressional office must take in order to run for office in Alabama. For information about filing requirements for presidential candidates, click here. Information about filing requirements for local-level offices is not available in this article (contact state election agencies for information about local candidate filing processes).

Redistricting

See also: Redistricting in Alabama

Redistricting is the process by which new congressional and state legislative district boundaries are drawn. Each of Alabama's seven United States Representatives and 140 state legislators are elected from political divisions called districts. United States Senators are not elected by districts, but by the states at large. District lines are redrawn every 10 years following completion of the United States census. The federal government stipulates that districts must have nearly equal populations and must not discriminate on the basis of race or ethnicity.^[43]^[44]^[45]^[46]

Alabama was apportioned seven seats in the U.S. House of Representatives after the 2020 census, the same number it received after the 2010 census.

On October 5, 2023, a three-judge panel of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama approved a new congressional district map. The map created a new district with a 48.7% Black voting-age population. In its decision, the panel said that "this plan satisfies all constitutional and statutory requirements while hewing as closely as reasonably possible to the Alabama legislature’s 2023 Plan."^[47]

A three-judge panel of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama ruled on September 5, 2023, that the revised congressional district boundaries that the Alabama legislature enacted on July 21, 2023, were not in accordance with the Voting Rights Act.^[48] The state adopted the revised congressional map after the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 5-4 on June 8, 2023, that the state's congressional redistricting plan adopted on November 4, 2021, violated the Voting Rights Act and had to be redrawn to include a second majority-Black district.^[49]^[50] The federal district court's order said, "this Court concluded that the 2023 Plan did not remedy the likely Section 2 violation found by this Court and affirmed by the Supreme Court. We, therefore, preliminarily enjoined Secretary Allen from using the 2023 Plan in Alabama’s upcoming 2024 congressional elections."^[48]

On August 22, 2025, the district court struck down the state senate map as a violation of Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act.^[51] On November 17, 2025, the court imposed a remedial map and ordered the state to use it in the 2026 and 2030 elections.^[52]

Alabama enacted state legislative maps for the state Senate and House of Representatives on Nov. 4, 2021, after Gov. Kay Ivey (R) signed the proposals into law.^[53] Senators approved the Senate map on Nov. 1 with a 25-7 vote.^[54] Representatives approved the Senate map on Nov. 3 with a 76-26 vote.^[53] For the House proposal, representatives voted 68-35 in favor on Nov. 1 and senators followed on Nov. 3 with a 22-7 vote.^[55] These maps took effect for Alabama's 2022 legislative elections.

Click here for more information on maps enacted after the 2020 census.

HIGHLIGHTS

Following the 2020 United States Census, Alabama was apportioned seven congressional districts, which was unchanged from the number it had after the 2010 census.

Alabama's House of Representatives is made up of 105 districts; Alabama's State Senate is made up of 35 districts.

The Alabama State Legislature is responsible for drawing both congressional and state legislative district lines.

State process

See also: State-by-state redistricting procedures

The Alabama State Legislature is responsible for drawing both congressional and state legislative district lines. Both chambers of the state legislature must approve a single redistricting plan. State legislative district lines must be approved in the first legislative session following the United States Census. There is no statutory deadline for congressional redistricting. The governor may veto the lines drawn by the state legislature.^[56]

The Alabama Constitution requires that state legislative district lines be contiguous. In addition, the state constitution mandates that state Senate districts "follow county lines except where necessary to comply with other legal requirements."^[56]

In 2000, according to All About Redistricting, the legislative committee charged with redistricting "adopted guidelines ... asking that [congressional] districts be contiguous, reasonably compact, follow county lines where possible, and maintain communities of interest to the extent feasible." In addition, the committee agreed to "attempt to avoid contests between incumbents." Similar guidelines apply to state legislative redistricting. At its discretion, the state legislature may change these guidelines, which are non-binding.^[56]

Contact information

Election agencies

Seal of the U.S. Election Assistance Commission

See also: State election agencies

Individuals seeking additional information about election administration in Alabama can contact the following local, state, and federal agencies.

Alabama County Boards of Registrars

Click here for a list

Alabama Secretary of State, Elections Division

Physical Address: 600 Dexter Ave, Suite E-206

Montgomery, Alabama 36130-3008

Mailing Address: P.O. Box 5616

Montgomery, Alabama 36103-5616

Phone: 334-242-7210

Toll free: 1-800-274-8683

Fax: 334-242-2444

Website: https://www.sos.alabama.gov/alabama-votes

Alabama Ethics Commission

Physical Address: 100 North Union Street, Suite 104

Montgomery, Alabama 36104

Mailing address: P.O. Box 4840

Montgomery, Alabama 36103-4840

Phone: 334-242-2997

Fax: 334-242-0248

Email: info@ethics.alabama.gov

Website: https://ethics.alabama.gov

U.S. Election Assistance Commission

633 3rd Street NW, Suite 200

Washington, DC 20001

Phone: 301-563-3919

Toll free: 1-866-747-1471

Email: clearinghouse@eac.gov

Website: https://www.eac.gov

Ballotpedia's election coverage

Click the tiles below to navigate to 2025 election coverage:

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External links

Footnotes

↑ The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-13-7," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-9-6," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ Alabama Secretary of State, "2024 Voter Guide," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Alabama Secretary of State, "Voter Registration General Information," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 ^5.4 ^5.5 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Automatic Voter Registration," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Same-Day Voter Registration," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 31-13-28," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ Phone conversation between Amée LaTour and Jeff Elrod, supervisor of voter registration with the Alabama Secretary of State office.
↑ Pew Trusts, "'Proof of Citizenship' Voting Laws May Surge Under Trump," November 16, 2017
↑ Alabama Secretary of State, "State of Alabama Voter Registration Form," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ Under federal law, the national mail voter registration application (a version of which is in use in all states with voter registration systems) requires applicants to indicate that they are U.S. citizens in order to complete an application to vote in state or federal elections, but does not require voters to provide documentary proof of citizenship. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the application "may require only the minimum amount of information necessary to prevent duplicate voter registrations and permit State officials both to determine the eligibility of the applicant to vote and to administer the voting process."
↑ ^13.0 ^13.1 ^13.2 ^13.3 Alabama Secretary of State, "Absentee Voting Information," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-11-9," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Table 9: Ballot Drop Box Laws," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-11-10," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ Alabama Secretary of State, "Mobile ID Locations," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ AL.com, "Alabama photo voter ID law to be used in 2014, state officials say," June 25, 2013
↑ Alabama Secretary of State Website, "Alabama Photo Voter Identification," accessed October 9, 2025
↑ The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-10-2," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Provisional Ballots," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-13-7," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ Justia, "Alabama Code § 17-1-5," accessed July 22, 2024
↑ The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-9-50," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 15-22-36.1," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Felon Voting Rights," August 19, 2025
↑ As of May 2024, the Justice Department notes, "Six States (Idaho, Minnesota, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Wisconsin, and Wyoming) are exempt from the NVRA because, on and after August 1, 1994, they either had no voter-registration requirements or had election-day voter registration at polling places with respect to elections for federal office."
↑ The United States Department of Justice, "The National Voter Registration Act of 1993," accessed May 29, 2024
↑ The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-4-3," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-4-4," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-4-30," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-4-9," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-4-8," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ ERIC, "FAQ," accessed May 29, 2024
↑ ERIC, "Who We Are," accessed May 29, 2024
↑ ERIC, "About," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ Alabama Secretary of State, “Letter to Shane Hamlin,” January 16, 2023
↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Post-Election Audits," July 7, 2025
↑ ^39.0 ^39.1 National Conference of State Legislatures, "Post-Election Audits," accessed July 2, 2025
↑ Election Assistance Commission, "Election Audits Across the United States," accessed July 2, 2025
↑ Ballotpedia research conducted in October 2024, researching and analyzing various state websites and codes.
↑ Alabama Secretary of State, "Office of the Secretary," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ All About Redistricting, "Why does it matter?" accessed April 8, 2015
↑ Indy Week, "Cracked, stacked and packed: Initial redistricting maps met with skepticism and dismay," June 29, 2011
↑ The Atlantic, "How the Voting Rights Act Hurts Democrats and Minorities," June 17, 2013
↑ Redrawing the Lines, "The Role of Section 2 - Majority Minority Districts," accessed April 6, 2015
↑ United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama, "Case 2:21-cv-01530-AMM," accessed October 6, 2023
↑ ^48.0 ^48.1 United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama, "Milligan, et. al v. Allen, et. al," September 5, 2023
↑ CNN, "Alabama GOP-controlled legislature approves congressional map with just one majority-Black district despite court order," accessed July 21, 2023
↑ MSN, "Supreme Court rules in favor of Black voters in Alabama redistricting case," June 8, 2023
↑ Alabama Reflector, "Federal judge: Alabama Senate map violates Voting Rights Act," August 22, 2025
↑ Alabama Reflector, "Federal judge approves new Alabama Senate map redrawing Montgomery districts," November 18, 2025
↑ ^53.0 ^53.1 Montgomery Advertiser, "Gov. Kay Ivey signs off on Alabama congressional, legislative, SBOE maps for 2022," Nov. 4, 2021
↑ Alabama Political Reporter, "Alabama Senate passes Senate, State School Board districts," Nov. 1, 2021
↑ Alabama Political Report, "House district lines comfortably pass House over objections from both sides ," Nov. 1, 2021
↑ ^56.0 ^56.1 ^56.2 All About Redistricting, "Alabama," accessed April 16, 2015

Registration requirements

Check your voter registration status here.

Alabama requires that an applicant be a citizen of the United States who resides in Alabama. A voter must be at least 18 years old on or before Election Day. A citizen cannot have been barred from registering due to a felony conviction and cannot have been declared mentally incompetent by a court.^[1]

Voters cannot register during the 14 days preceding an election. According to the Alabama Secretary of State's website:^[1]

“

You may download the State of Alabama Postcard Voter Registration Application from this site. The form can be printed on your printer, filled out, and then mailed into your local voter registration officials. Click here for more information.

You may also request a postcard voter registration from this office by e-mail. Click here to request a voter registration form.

Voter registration is also available from your local County Board of Registrars. Click here to get the address and phone number for the board of registrars office in your county.

You may also obtain voter registration services at the following state and local government offices and agencies:

Driver's licensing office
County and select municipal public libraries
Department of Human Resources
WIC Program, Department of Public Health
Medicaid Agency
Department of Rehabilitation Services

The postcard voter registration form is also available at:

Public 4-year universities
Select private 4-year universities
Driver's licensing office
County and select municipal public libraries
Department of Human Resources
WIC Program, Department of Public Health
Medicaid Agency
Department of Rehabilitation Services^[2]

”

Automatic registration

See also: Automatic voter registration

Alabama does not practice automatic voter registration.^[3]

Online registration

See also: Online voter registration

Alabama has implemented an online voter registration system. Residents can register to vote by visiting this website.

Same-day registration

See also: Same-day voter registration

Alabama does not allow same-day voter registration.^[4]

Residency requirements

To register to vote in Alabama, you must be a resident of the state. State law does not specify a length of time for which you must have been a resident to be eligible.

Verification of citizenship

See also: Laws permitting noncitizens to vote in the United States

An Alabama state law, passed in 2011, requires people to provide proof of U.S. citizenship when registering to vote.^[5] However, as of November 2025, the law had not been implemented.^[6]^[1]

In 2013, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that states cannot require proof of citizenship with federal registration forms. That meant states would need to create a separate registration system for state elections to require proof of citizenship. Alabama Secretary of State John Merrill (R) said the following: "That’s an election administration nightmare ... You’d have to have two sets of poll books, one for federal elections and one for state elections, and that just doesn’t make any sense to me."^[7]

An individual applying to register to vote must attest that they are a U.S. citizen under penalty of perjury.^[8]

All 49 states with voter registration systems require applicants to declare that they are U.S. citizens in order to register to vote in state and federal elections, under penalty of perjury or other punishment.^[9] Seven states — Alabama, Arizona, Georgia, Kansas, Louisiana, New Hampshire, and Wyoming — have laws requiring verification of citizenship at the time of voter registration, whether in effect or not. One state, Ohio, requires proof of citizenship only when registering to vote at a Bureau of Motor Vehicles facility. In three states — California, Maryland, and Vermont — at least one local jurisdiction allows noncitizens to vote in some local elections. Noncitizens registering to vote in those elections must complete a voter registration application provided by the local jurisdiction and are not eligible to register as state or federal voters.

Verifying your registration

The Alabama Secretary of State's Voter View website allows residents to check their voter registration status online.

Voter ID requirements

Alabama requires voters to present photo identification at the polls. The following list of accepted forms of identification was current as of November 2025. Click here for the most current information, sourced directly from the Office of the Alabama Secretary of State.

“

Valid Alabama Driver’s License (not expired or has been expired less than 60 days)
- Alabama Law Enforcement Agency Digital Driver’s License
Valid Alabama Nondriver ID (not expired or has been expired less than 60 days)
- Alabama Law Enforcement Agency Digital Nondriver ID
Valid Alabama Photo Voter ID Card
Valid State-Issued ID (Alabama or any other state)
- Examples
  - Valid AL Department of Corrections Release - Temporary ID (Photo Required)
  - Valid AL Movement/Booking Sheet from Prison/Jail System (Photo Required)
  - Valid Pistol Permit (Photo Required)
Valid Federal-Issued ID
Valid US passport
Valid Employee ID from Federal Government, State of Alabama, County, Municipality, Board, or other entity of this state
Valid student or employee ID from a public or private college or university in the State of Alabama (including postgraduate technical or professional schools)
- Digital student ID from a public or private college or university in the State of Alabama (including postgraduate technical or professional schools)
Valid student or employee ID issued by a state institution of higher learning in any other state
- Digital student ID issued by a state institution of higher learning in any other state
Valid Military ID
Valid Tribal ID^[2]

”

To view Alabama statute pertaining to voter identification, click here.

A voter can obtain a free identification card from the Alabama Secretary of State, a county registrar's office, or a mobile location.^[10] The mobile location schedule can be accessed here.

Early voting

Absentee voting

A voter is eligible to vote absentee/mail-in in an election if he or she cannot make it to the polls on Election Day for one of the following reasons:^[11]

The voter will be absent from the county on Election Day.
The voter is ill or has a disability that prevents a trip to the polling place.
The voter is physically incapacitated and cannot access their polling place due to a life-altering disorder that affects their ability to perform manual tasks, stand for any length of time, walk unassisted, see, hear, or speak. The voter must also be 65 years of age or older or have a disability.
The voter is a registered voter living outside the county, such as a member of the armed forces, a voter employed outside the United States, a college student, or a spouse or child of such a person.
The voter is an appointed election officer or poll watcher at a polling place other than his or her regular polling place.
The voter works a required shift of 10 hours or more that coincides with polling hours.
The voter is a caregiver to a family member to the second degree of kinship who is confined to their home.
The voter is incarcerated and has not been convicted of a felony involving moral turpitude.

Absentee/mail-in ballot application must be received by the seventh day prior to the election if delivered by mail, and by the fifth day before an election if delivered by hand.

In the following circumstances, the deadline to apply for an absentee/mail-in ballot is 5 p.m. the day before the election:

The voter is required by an employer under unforeseen circumstances to be out of the county on Election Day for an emergency business trip.
The voter is a caregiver of a person who requires emergency treatment by a licensed physician within five days before an election.
The voter has a family member to the second degree of kinship by affinity or consanguinity die within five days before an election.

Alabama also provides for medical emergency absentee/mail-in voting for a voter who has a medical emergency requiring treatment from a licensed physician within 5 days of an election. A voted medical emergency absentee/mail-in ballot must be returned no later than noon on election day.^[11]

Impact of term limits

See also: Impact of term limits on state executive elections in 2018

Thirteen state executive seats in Alabama were up for election in 2018. In the 2018 elections, two officials were ineligible to run because of term limits. The following state officials were term-limited in 2018:

Republicans (2):

Agriculture Commissioner: John McMillan
Treasurer: Young Boozer

Of the 283 state executives offices on the ballot in 2018, 131 of them were represented by incumbents who were subject to term limits. Of the 36 gubernatorial seats up for election in 2018, 13 governors—two Democrats and 11 Republicans—were term-limited and therefore unable to run for re-election. Of the 31 states with term limits that held state executives elections in 2018, some incumbents in 18 of the states were term-limited.

A total of 49 state executive officials were ineligible to run in the 2018 elections because of term limits. This represented 17 percent of the 283 total seats up for election in 2018.^[12] Republicans had more than six times as many state executive officials term-limited in 2018 than Democrats. A total of seven Democrats were term-limited, while 40 Republicans were term-limited. The other two term-limited officials were nonpartisan.

Past elections

2016

The following elections took place in 2016.

Alabama Public Service Commission election, 2016

2014

The following elections took place in 2014.

2012

The following elections took place in 2012.

Alabama state executive official elections, 2012

Recent news

The link below is to the most recent stories in a Google news search for the terms Alabama state executive election 2018. These results are automatically generated from Google. Ballotpedia does not curate or endorse these articles.

Alabama state executive official elections, 2018 - Google News

State profile

Demographic data for Alabama
	Alabama	U.S.
Total population:	4,853,875	316,515,021
Land area (sq mi):	50,645	3,531,905
Race and ethnicity**
White:	68.8%	73.6%
Black/African American:	26.4%	12.6%
Asian:	1.2%	5.1%
Native American:	0.5%	0.8%
Pacific Islander:	0.1%	0.2%
Two or more:	1.7%	3%
Hispanic/Latino:	4%	17.1%
Education
High school graduation rate:	84.3%	86.7%
College graduation rate:	23.5%	29.8%
Income
Median household income:	$43,623	$53,889
Persons below poverty level:	23.3%	11.3%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015) Click here for more information on the 2020 census and here for more on its impact on the redistricting process in Alabama. **Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.

Presidential voting pattern

See also: Presidential voting trends in Alabama

Alabama voted Republican in all seven presidential elections between 2000 and 2024.

More Alabama coverage on Ballotpedia

External links

Suggest a link

State of Alabama official website

Footnotes

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Alabama Secretary of State, "Voter Registration General Information," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Automatic Voter Registration," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Same-Day Voter Registration," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 31-13-28," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ Phone conversation between Amée LaTour and Jeff Elrod, supervisor of voter registration with the Alabama Secretary of State office.
↑ Pew Trusts, "'Proof of Citizenship' Voting Laws May Surge Under Trump," November 16, 2017
↑ Alabama Secretary of State, "State of Alabama Voter Registration Form," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ Under federal law, the national mail voter registration application (a version of which is in use in all states with voter registration systems) requires applicants to indicate that they are U.S. citizens in order to complete an application to vote in state or federal elections, but does not require voters to provide documentary proof of citizenship. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the application "may require only the minimum amount of information necessary to prevent duplicate voter registrations and permit State officials both to determine the eligibility of the applicant to vote and to administer the voting process."
↑ Alabama Secretary of State, "Mobile ID Locations," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ ^11.0 ^11.1 Alabama Secretary of State, "Absentee Voting Information," accessed November 24, 2025
↑ Some of the 49 state executive officials in 2018 may have resigned before their term ended. These state executive officials were still counted in the total number of term-limited state executives in 2018.

[1] The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-13-7," accessed November 24, 2025

[alpoll-2] The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-9-6," accessed November 24, 2025

[3] Alabama Secretary of State, "2024 Voter Guide," accessed November 24, 2025

[registration-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Alabama Secretary of State, "Voter Registration General Information," accessed November 24, 2025

[quotedisclaimer-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 ^5.3 ^5.4 ^5.5 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.

[6] National Conference of State Legislatures, "Automatic Voter Registration," accessed November 24, 2025

[7] National Conference of State Legislatures, "Same-Day Voter Registration," accessed November 24, 2025

[8] The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 31-13-28," accessed November 24, 2025

[9] Phone conversation between Amée LaTour and Jeff Elrod, supervisor of voter registration with the Alabama Secretary of State office.

[10] Pew Trusts, "'Proof of Citizenship' Voting Laws May Surge Under Trump," November 16, 2017

[11] Alabama Secretary of State, "State of Alabama Voter Registration Form," accessed November 24, 2025

[12] Under federal law, the national mail voter registration application (a version of which is in use in all states with voter registration systems) requires applicants to indicate that they are U.S. citizens in order to complete an application to vote in state or federal elections, but does not require voters to provide documentary proof of citizenship. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the application "may require only the minimum amount of information necessary to prevent duplicate voter registrations and permit State officials both to determine the eligibility of the applicant to vote and to administer the voting process."

[electionswebsite-13] 13.0 ^13.1 ^13.2 ^13.3 Alabama Secretary of State, "Absentee Voting Information," accessed November 24, 2025

[14] The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-11-9," accessed November 24, 2025

[15] National Conference of State Legislatures, "Table 9: Ballot Drop Box Laws," accessed November 24, 2025

[16] The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-11-10," accessed November 24, 2025

[17] Alabama Secretary of State, "Mobile ID Locations," accessed November 24, 2025

[18] AL.com, "Alabama photo voter ID law to be used in 2014, state officials say," June 25, 2013

[19] Alabama Secretary of State Website, "Alabama Photo Voter Identification," accessed October 9, 2025

[20] The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-10-2," accessed November 24, 2025

[ncslprov-21] National Conference of State Legislatures, "Provisional Ballots," accessed November 24, 2025

[22] The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-13-7," accessed November 24, 2025

[23] Justia, "Alabama Code § 17-1-5," accessed July 22, 2024

[24] The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-9-50," accessed November 24, 2025

[25] The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 15-22-36.1," accessed November 24, 2025

[ncsl-26] National Conference of State Legislatures, "Felon Voting Rights," August 19, 2025

[27] As of May 2024, the Justice Department notes, "Six States (Idaho, Minnesota, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Wisconsin, and Wyoming) are exempt from the NVRA because, on and after August 1, 1994, they either had no voter-registration requirements or had election-day voter registration at polling places with respect to elections for federal office."

[28] The United States Department of Justice, "The National Voter Registration Act of 1993," accessed May 29, 2024

[29] The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-4-3," accessed November 24, 2025

[30] The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-4-4," accessed November 24, 2025

[31] The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-4-30," accessed November 24, 2025

[32] The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-4-9," accessed November 24, 2025

[33] The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 17-4-8," accessed November 24, 2025

[34] ERIC, "FAQ," accessed May 29, 2024

[35] ERIC, "Who We Are," accessed May 29, 2024

[36] ERIC, "About," accessed November 24, 2025

[37] Alabama Secretary of State, “Letter to Shane Hamlin,” January 16, 2023

[38] National Conference of State Legislatures, "Post-Election Audits," July 7, 2025

[ncslaudits-39] 39.0 ^39.1 National Conference of State Legislatures, "Post-Election Audits," accessed July 2, 2025

[eac-40] Election Assistance Commission, "Election Audits Across the United States," accessed July 2, 2025

[research-41] Ballotpedia research conducted in October 2024, researching and analyzing various state websites and codes.

[42] Alabama Secretary of State, "Office of the Secretary," accessed November 24, 2025

[matter-43] All About Redistricting, "Why does it matter?" accessed April 8, 2015

[indy-44] Indy Week, "Cracked, stacked and packed: Initial redistricting maps met with skepticism and dismay," June 29, 2011

[atlantic-45] The Atlantic, "How the Voting Rights Act Hurts Democrats and Minorities," June 17, 2013

[naacp-46] Redrawing the Lines, "The Role of Section 2 - Majority Minority Districts," accessed April 6, 2015

[47] United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama, "Case 2:21-cv-01530-AMM," accessed October 6, 2023

[Sept5decision-48] 48.0 ^48.1 United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama, "Milligan, et. al v. Allen, et. al," September 5, 2023

[redrawn-49] CNN, "Alabama GOP-controlled legislature approves congressional map with just one majority-Black district despite court order," accessed July 21, 2023

[vraruling-50] MSN, "Supreme Court rules in favor of Black voters in Alabama redistricting case," June 8, 2023

[51] Alabama Reflector, "Federal judge: Alabama Senate map violates Voting Rights Act," August 22, 2025

[orderedmap-52] Alabama Reflector, "Federal judge approves new Alabama Senate map redrawing Montgomery districts," November 18, 2025

[iveysign-53] 53.0 ^53.1 Montgomery Advertiser, "Gov. Kay Ivey signs off on Alabama congressional, legislative, SBOE maps for 2022," Nov. 4, 2021

[54] Alabama Political Reporter, "Alabama Senate passes Senate, State School Board districts," Nov. 1, 2021

[55] Alabama Political Report, "House district lines comfortably pass House over objections from both sides ," Nov. 1, 2021

[alabamaloyola-56] 56.0 ^56.1 ^56.2 All About Redistricting, "Alabama," accessed April 16, 2015

[registration-57] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Alabama Secretary of State, "Voter Registration General Information," accessed November 24, 2025

[quotedisclaimer-58] 2.0 ^2.1 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.

[59] National Conference of State Legislatures, "Automatic Voter Registration," accessed November 24, 2025

[60] National Conference of State Legislatures, "Same-Day Voter Registration," accessed November 24, 2025

[61] The Alabama Legislature, "Ala. Code § 31-13-28," accessed November 24, 2025

[62] Phone conversation between Amée LaTour and Jeff Elrod, supervisor of voter registration with the Alabama Secretary of State office.

[63] Pew Trusts, "'Proof of Citizenship' Voting Laws May Surge Under Trump," November 16, 2017

[64] Alabama Secretary of State, "State of Alabama Voter Registration Form," accessed November 24, 2025

[65] Under federal law, the national mail voter registration application (a version of which is in use in all states with voter registration systems) requires applicants to indicate that they are U.S. citizens in order to complete an application to vote in state or federal elections, but does not require voters to provide documentary proof of citizenship. According to the U.S. Department of Justice, the application "may require only the minimum amount of information necessary to prevent duplicate voter registrations and permit State officials both to determine the eligibility of the applicant to vote and to administer the voting process."

[66] Alabama Secretary of State, "Mobile ID Locations," accessed November 24, 2025

[electionswebsite-67] 11.0 ^11.1 Alabama Secretary of State, "Absentee Voting Information," accessed November 24, 2025

[68] Some of the 49 state executive officials in 2018 may have resigned before their term ended. These state executive officials were still counted in the total number of term-limited state executives in 2018.

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	v • e State of Alabama Montgomery (capital)
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