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Presidential election in Florida, 2016

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General election in Florida
  Date: November 8, 2016
2016 winner: Donald Trump (R)
Electoral votes: 29
2012 winner: Barack Obama (D)
Democratic Primary
  Date: March 15, 2016
Winner: Hillary Clinton
Republican Primary
  Date: March 15, 2016
Winner: Donald Trump
Down ballot races in Florida
  U.S. Senate
U.S. House
Florida State Senate
Florida House of Representatives
Florida judicial elections
Florida local judicial elections
State ballot measures
School boards
Click here for more elections in Florida
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See also: Presidential battleground states, 2016 and Sunshine State Battleground

Florida held an election for the president of the United States on November 8, 2016. The Democratic and Republican parties held primary elections for president on March 15, 2016. Florida was considered a key battleground state in the 2016 general election.

HIGHLIGHTS
  • Donald Trump (R) won Florida in the general election.
  • In 2016, Florida had 29 electoral votes, which was 5.4 percent of the 538 electoral votes up for grabs and 10.7 percent of the 270 electoral votes needed to win the general election.
  • Between 1900 and 2016, Florida cast votes for the winning presidential candidate 76.67 percent of the time. In that same time frame, Florida supported Democratic candidates for president more often than Republican candidates, 56.67 to 43.33 percent. The state has voted for the winning presidential candidate in every election between 2000 and 2016.
  • Presidential primary elections in Florida took place on March 15, 2016. Hillary Clinton won the Democratic primary with 64.4 percent of the vote. Donald Trump won the Republican primary with 45.7 percent.

    • General election candidates

    See also: Ballot access for presidential candidates

    The candidate list below is based on an official list on the Florida secretary of state website. The candidate names below appear in the order in which they were listed on the official list—not necessarily the order in which they appeared on the ballot in November. Write-in candidates were not included in the list below.

    Presidential candidates on the ballot in Florida

    ☐ Darrell Lane Castle/Scott Bradley (Constitution)
    ☐ Hillary Clinton/Tim Kaine (Democratic)
    ☐ Rocky De La Fuente/Michael Steinberg (Reform)
    ☐ Gary Johnson/Bill Weld (Libertarian)
    ☐ Jill Stein/Ajamu Baraka (Green)
    ☑ Donald Trump/Mike Pence (Republican)

    Results

    U.S. presidential election, Florida, 2016
    Party Candidate Vote % Votes Electoral votes
         Democratic Hillary Clinton/Tim Kaine 47.8% 4,504,975 0
         Republican Green check mark transparent.pngDonald Trump/Mike Pence 49% 4,617,886 29
         Libertarian Gary Johnson/Bill Weld 2.2% 207,043 0
         Green Jill Stein/Ajamu Baraka 0.7% 64,399 0
         Constitution Darrell Lane Castle/Scott Bradley 0.2% 16,475 0
         Reform Rocky De La Fuente/Michael Steinberg 0.1% 9,108 0
         - Other/Write-in 0% 153 0
    Total Votes 9,420,039 29
    Election results via: Florida Division of Elections

    Pivot Counties

    See also: Pivot Counties: The counties that voted Obama-Obama-Trump from 2008-2016

    Ballotpedia identified 206 counties that voted for Donald Trump (R) in 2016 after voting for Barack Obama (D) in 2008 and 2012, in 34 states.[1] Collectively, Trump won these Pivot Counties by more than 580,000 votes, and had an average margin of victory of 11.45 percent. The political shift in these counties could have a broad impact on elections at every level of government for the next four years.

    Historical election trends

    See also: Presidential election accuracy

    Below is an analysis of Florida's voting record in presidential elections. The state's accuracy is based on the number of times a state has voted for a winning presidential candidate. The majority of statistical data is from the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration and was compiled, here, by Ballotpedia, unless otherwise noted.

    Presidential election voting record in Florida, 1900-2016

    Between 1900 and 2016:

    • Florida participated in 30 presidential elections.
    • Florida voted for the winning presidential candidate 76.67 percent of the time. The average accuracy of voting for winning presidential candidates for all 50 states in this time frame was 72.31 percent.[2]
    • Florida voted Democratic 56.67 percent of the time and Republican 43.33 percent of the time.

    Presidential election voting record in Florida, 2000-2016

    *An asterisk indicates that that candidate also won the national electoral vote in that election.

    Election results

    2012

    2008

    Polling

    Florida polls (2016)

    Ballotpedia's battleground state polling averages were based on polls that came out over a 20- to 30-day period. For example, an average might have covered all polls that were released for a state between September 1, 2016, and September 30, 2016. They were not weighted. Polling averages were checked and updated daily.

    Ballotpedia Battleground Poll

    See also: Ballotpedia's battleground poll, 2016

    Ballotpedia partnered with Evolving Strategies and surveyed voters across seven battleground states (June 10 – 22) regarding their vote preference. We tested six election scenarios. In one set, we matched Hillary Clinton (D) in a series of two-way contests with Donald Trump (R), Ohio Governor John Kasich (R), and House Speaker Paul Ryan (R). In the second set, we matched these same candidates in a series of three-way contests that also included former Governor Gary Johnson. In all seven states, Clinton polled higher than Trump. Comparatively, John Kasich polled ahead of Clinton in five of the seven states, and Paul Ryan polled ahead of Clinton in three states. See the table below for the battleground poll results from Florida.

    Florida was one of only two states (the other being North Carolina) where all three Republicans polled worse than Hillary Clinton. Similarly, Clinton’s polling was the highest in Florida in each matchup.

    Ballotpedia's Battleground Polling (Florida): Head-to-head
    Poll Hillary Clinton Donald Trump Neither or refused Margin of error Sample size
    Clinton vs. Trump (June 10-22, 2016) 51% 37% 12% +/- 4 596
    Hillary Clinton John Kasich Neither or refused Margin of error Sample size
    Clinton vs. Kasich (June 10-22, 2016) 45% 38% 16% +/-4 596
    Hillary Clinton Paul Ryan Neither or refused Margin of error Sample size
    Clinton vs. Ryan (June 10-22, 2016) 47% 39% 14% +/- 4 596
    Ballotpedia's Battleground Polling (Florida): Three-way
    Hillary Clinton Donald Trump Gary Johnson Neither or refused Margin of error Sample size
    Clinton vs. Trump vs. Johnson (June 10-22, 2016) 47% 34% 12% 7% +/- 4 596
    Hillary Clinton John Kasich Gary Johnson Neither or refused Margin of error Sample size
    Clinton vs. Kasich vs. Johnson (June 10-22, 2016) 44% 36% 8% 13% +/- 4 596
    Hillary Clinton Paul Ryan Gary Johnson Neither or refused Margin of error Sample size
    Clinton vs. Ryan vs. Johnson (June 10-22, 2016) 43% 36% 10% 11% +/- 4 596

    Electoral votes

    See also: Electoral College

    The president of the United States is not elected by popular vote but rather by electors in the Electoral College. In fact, when Americans vote for president, they are actually voting for a slate of electors selected by members of Democratic and Republican state parties or nominated in some other fashion. Under this system, which is laid out in Article 2, Section 1, of the Constitution, each state is allocated one electoral vote for every member of their congressional delegation, meaning one for each member of the U.S. House and one for each of their two Senators.

    Florida electors

    In 2016, Florida had 29 electoral votes. Florida's share of electoral votes represented 5.4 percent of the 538 electoral votes up for grabs in the general election and 10.7 percent of the 270 votes needed to be elected president. Democratic and Republicans electors in Florida were selected by state party central committees.

    "Faithless electors"

    The U.S. Constitution does not dictate how presidential electors are to cast their votes, but, in general, electors are expected to vote for the winner of the popular vote in their state or the candidates of the party that nominated them to serve as electors. Electors who choose not to vote for the winner of the popular vote or the candidates of the party that nominated them are known as "faithless electors." Faithless electors are rare. Between 1900 and 2012, there were only eight known instances of faithless electors.

    Several states have passed laws against faithless electors and require electors to vote for the winner of the popular vote in their state, for the candidate of the party that nominated them to serve as electors, or in accordance with any pledge they may have been required to make at the time of their nomination. In states with these types of laws, faithless electors can be fined or replaced, or their votes can be nullified.[4][5]

    Florida was one of 31 states in 2016—including the District of Columbia—with a law seeking to bind the votes of presidential electors.

    State campaign staff

    Prior to the November 8, 2016, election, each campaign put in place paid staff, volunteers, and political operatives in each state in efforts to gain votes and influence voter turnout on election day. The following details some of the key staff for each campaign in Florida.

    Hillary Clinton

    For Hillary Clinton's campaign, state operations nationwide were overseen by Marlon Marshall, the campaign's director of state campaigns and political engagement. The key staff in Florida consisted of:

    Hillary for America 2016 Logo.png

    Simone Ward, State director: Ward joined Clinton's campaign in April 2016. She worked as national political director of the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee (DSCC) and has held multiple positions with the Democratic National Committee. Ward also previously managed campaigns for Natalie Tennant (D-W.Va.) and Sen. Barbara Mikulski (D-Md.).[6]
    Reggie Cardozo, Deputy state director: Cardozo was named the deputy state director in May 2016. He previously worked with the Democratic Party of Florida and was President Barack Obama's (D) political director in the state during his 2012 re-election campaign.[7]

    Donald Trump

    For Donald Trump's campaign, state operations nationwide were overseen by Michael Biundo, the campaign's senior political advisor. The key staff in Florida consisted of:

    Trump-Pence 2016.svg

    Jennifer Locetta, State director: Locetta was the deputy state director for the primary election in Florida and was promoted to state director for the general election. She aided Mitt Romney's (R) presidential campaign in 2012 as the data director for the Republican Party of Florida and directed the 2014 U.S. Senate primary campaign of Richard DeNapoli (R-Fla.).[8]


    Down ballot races

    See also: Florida elections, 2016

    Below is a list of down ballot races in Florida covered by Ballotpedia in 2016.

    Primary election

    See also: March 15 presidential primary elections and caucuses, 2016

    Quick facts

    Democrats: Republicans
    • 2016 Republican winner: Donald Trump
    • Poll leader: Donald Trump
    • 2012 Republican winner: Mitt Romney
    • Type: Closed Primary
    • Delegate allocation: Winner take all
    • Pledged delegates at stake: 99

    Democrats

    Hillary Clinton won the Florida Democratic primary election, beating Bernie Sanders by more than 30 percent. She carried Miami-Dade County, where the city of Miami is located, by roughly 50 percentage points. According to exit poll data, Clinton won nearly every major demographic in the state, including men, women, young and old voters, and white and non-white voters. Clinton won non-white voters, who made up 52 percent of the Democratic electorate in Florida, by 75 percent.[9] Clinton also won the Florida Democratic primary in 2008.

    Republicans

    Donald Trump won the Florida Republican primary election with 46 percent of the vote. Marco Rubio came in second place with 27 percent. Rubio, who was elected as a U.S. Senator from Florida in 2010, suspended his campaign following his loss to Trump. While the Democratic pledged delegates in Florida were divided up proportionally, all 99 of the Republican delegates went to the winning candidate, Donald Trump. Trump carried every county in the state except for Miami-Dade, which Rubio won 63 to 22 percent. Miami-Dade is home to 46 percent of the country's Cuban American population.[10] According to exit poll data, Rubio, whose parents migrated from Cuba, won 52 percent of Latino voters (and 62 percent of Cuban American voters). Trump, however, won pluralities with nearly every other demographic in the state, including men, women, young and old voters, white voters, and voters of all education backgrounds and income levels.[9] Mitt Romney won the Florida Republican primary in 2012.

    2016 primary results

    Democrats

    Florida Democratic Primary, 2016
    Candidate Vote % Votes Delegates
    Green check mark transparent.pngHillary Clinton 64.4% 1,101,414 141
    Bernie Sanders 33.3% 568,839 73
    Martin O'Malley 2.3% 38,930 0
    Totals 1,709,183 214
    Source: The New York Times and Florida Department of State

    Republicans

    Florida Republican Primary, 2016
    Candidate Vote % Votes Delegates
    Jeb Bush 1.8% 43,511 0
    Ben Carson 0.9% 21,207 0
    Chris Christie 0.1% 2,493 0
    Ted Cruz 17.1% 404,891 0
    Carly Fiorina 0.1% 1,899 0
    Jim Gilmore 0% 319 0
    Lindsey Graham 0% 693 0
    Mike Huckabee 0.1% 2,624 0
    John Kasich 6.8% 159,976 0
    Rand Paul 0.2% 4,450 0
    Marco Rubio 27% 638,661 0
    Rick Santorum 0.1% 1,211 0
    Green check mark transparent.pngDonald Trump 45.7% 1,079,870 99
    Totals 2,361,805 99
    Source: The New York Times and Florida Department of State

    Candidates

    Democrats[11]

    Edie Atkinson Bukewihge
    Hillary Clinton
    Ronald Satish Emrit
    Henry Hewes


    Keith Judd
    William Charles Lynch
    Martin O'Malley
    Bernie Sanders


    Robby Wells
    Willie Wilson
    Mario Francis Wozniak

    Republicans[12]

    Yinka Abosede Adeshina
    Suzanne Boyajian
    Jeb Bush
    Ben Carson
    Chris Christie
    Thomas Joseph Coyne
    Ted Cruz


    Diana Lynn Douglas
    Carly Fiorina
    Bryce Allen Gidner
    Jim Gilmore
    Lindsey Graham
    Mike Huckabee
    Walter N. Iwachiw


    Bobby Jindal
    John Kasich
    Mikey D. Meade
    Rand Paul
    Marco Rubio
    Rick Santorum
    Donald Trump

    Third party candidates[13]

    Eric James Borrell (NPA)
    Michelle Antoinette Braithwood (NPA)
    Paul Chehade (NPA)
    Souraya Faas (NPA)
    Ronald Henry Hartsfield (NPA)


    Ronald David Jones (NPA)
    Daniel Paul Zutler (NPA)
    Michael Ali (Write-in)
    Emelia Sandra Harris (Write-in)


    David Librace (Write-in)
    Silvia Stagg (Write-in)
    Maurice Symonette (Write-in)
    Mitchell Williams (Write-in)

    Polls

    Democratic primary

    Democratic Party Democratic Party presidential primary polling (Florida)
    Poll Hillary Clinton Bernie SandersUnsure or OtherMargin of ErrorSample Size
    Quinnipiac University
    March 8-13, 2016    		60%34%6%+/-4.3519
    American Research Group
    March 11-13, 2016    		58%37%5%+/-5400
    Public Policy Polling
    March 11-12, 2016    		57%32%11%+/-3.9627
    CBS News/YouGov
    March 9-11, 2016    		62%34%4%+/-4.5796
    NBC/WSJ/Marist
    March 4-10, 2016    		61%34%5%+/-4.4500
    Florida Atlantic University
    March 8-11, 2016    		59%31%10%+/-5414
    WTSP/Mason-Dixon
    March 7-9, 2016    		68%23%9%+/-4.5500
    CNN/ORC
    March 2-6, 2016    		61%34%5%+/-6264
    Quinnipiac
    March 2-7, 2016    		62%32%6%+/-4.3511
    News 13 (Orlando)
    March 4-6, 2016    		61%30%9%+/-3.4823
    Washington Post/Univision
    March 2-5, 2016    		64%26%10%+/-6449
    University of North Florida
    February 22-27, 2016    		54%24%22%+/-3.74685
    Public Policy Polling
    February 24-25, 2016    		57%32%10%+/-5388
    Quinnipiac University
    February 21-24, 2016    		59%33%8%+/-4.5476
    Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org.
    Democratic Party Democratic Party presidential primary polling (Florida)
    Poll Hillary Clinton Bernie SandersMartin O'MalleyUnsure or OtherMargin of ErrorSample Size
    Florida Atlantic University
    January 15-18, 2016    		62.2%25.9%3.9%8.1%+/-4.9383
    Florida Atlantic University
    November 15-16, 2015    		65.5%22.4%4%8.2%+/-5.6297
    Bay News 9/News 13
    October 28-November 1, 2015    		66%24%3%8%+/-N/A826
    University of North Florida
    October 14-19, 2015    		54.6%15.9%<1%28.2%+/-3.9632
    Quinnipiac University
    September 25-October 5, 2015    		43%19%0%38%+/-4.8411
    Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org.

    Republican primary

    Republican Party Republican Party presidential primary polling (Florida)
    Poll Donald Trump Marco RubioTed CruzJohn KasichBen CarsonUnsure or OtherMargin of ErrorSample Size
    Monmouth University
    March 11-13, 2016    		44%27%17%9%0%3%+/-4.9405
    American Research Group
    March 11-13, 2016    		49%24%16%8%0%3%+/-4.9400
    Florida Times-Union
    March 13, 2016    		44%26%18%10%0%2%+/-3.5787
    Trafalgar Group
    March 12-13, 2016    		44%24%20%9%0%3%+/-2.61,500
    Quinnipiac University
    March 8-13, 2016    		46%22%14%10%0%8%+/-4615
    CBS News/YouGov
    March 9-11, 2016    		44%21%24%9%0%2%+/-4.8873
    NBC/WSJ/Marist
    March 4-10, 2016    		43%22%21%9%0%5%+/-4.3511
    Florida Atlantic University
    March 8-11, 2016    		44%21%21%9%0%5%+/-3852
    WTSP/Mason-Dixon
    March 7-9, 2016    		36%30%17%8%0%9%+/-3.8700
    Florida Times-Union
    March 9, 2016    		42.8%23.5%20.9%10.4%0%2.4%+/-4590
    Trafalgar Group
    March 8-9, 2016    		41.87%23.1%21.43%10.94%0%2.66%+/-2.831,280
    Suffolk University
    March 7-9, 2016    		36%27%19%10%0%8%+/-4.4500
    Fox News
    March 5-8, 2016    		43%20%16%10%0%11%+/-3.5813
    UNF Public Opinion Research Lab
    March 2-7, 2016    		35.5%23.8%15.5%8.8%0%16.4%+/-3.57752
    Quinnipiac University
    March 2-7, 2016    		45%22%18%8%0%7%+/-3.8657
    CNN/ORC
    March 2-6, 2016    		40%24%19%5%6%6%+/-5.5313
    News 13 (Orlando)
    March 4-6, 2016    		42%22%17%10%0%9%+/-3.3937
    Monmouth
    March 3-6, 2016    		38%30%17%10%1%4%+/-4.9403
    Washington Post/Univision
    March 2-5, 2016    		38%31%19%4%0%8%+/-5.5450
    Public Policy Polling
    February 24-25, 2016    		45%25%10%8%5%7%+/-4.6464
    Quinnipiac University
    February 21-24, 2016    		44%28%12%7%4%6%+/-3.7705
    Note: A "0%" finding means the candidate was not a part of the poll. The polls above may not reflect all polls that have been conducted in this race. Those displayed are a random sampling chosen by Ballotpedia staff. If you would like to nominate another poll for inclusion in the table, send an email to editor@ballotpedia.org.

    Delegates

    Delegate selection

    See also: 2016 presidential nominations: calendar and delegate rules

    Democratic Party

    Democratic Party Logo.png

    Florida had 246 delegates at the 2016 Democratic National Convention. Of this total, 214 were pledged delegates. National party rules stipulated how Democratic delegates in all states were allocated. Pledged delegates were allocated to a candidate in proportion to the votes he or she received in a state's primary or caucus. A candidate was eligible to receive a share of the state's pledged delegates if he or she won at least 15 percent of the votes cast in the primary or caucus. There were three types of pledged Democratic delegates: congressional district delegates, at-large delegates, and party leaders and elected officials (PLEOs). Congressional district delegates were allocated proportionally based on the primary or caucus results in a given district. At-large and PLEO delegates were allocated proportionally based on statewide primary results.[14][15]

    Thirty-two party leaders and elected officials served as unpledged delegates. These delegates were not required to adhere to the results of a state's primary or caucus.[14][16]

    Florida superdelegates

    See also: Superdelegates from Florida, 2016 and Superdelegates and the 2016 Democratic National Convention

    Republican Party

    Logo-GOP.png

    Florida had 99 delegates at the 2016 Republican National Convention. Of this total, 81 were district-level delegates (three for each of the state's 27 congressional districts). District-level delegates were allocated on a winner-take-all basis; the candidate who won a plurality of the statewide vote received all of Florida's district delegates.[17][18]

    Of the remaining 18 delegates, 15 served at large. At-large delegates were allocated on a winner-take-all basis; the candidate who won a plurality of the statewide vote received all of the state's at-large delegates. In addition, three national party leaders (identified on the chart below as RNC delegates) served as bound delegates to the Republican National Convention. The RNC delegates were required to pledge their support to the candidate who won the state's primary.[17][18]

    Florida Delegates

    Presidential voting history

    Florida presidential election results (1900-2024)

    • 17 Democratic wins
    • 15 Republican wins
    Year 1900 1904 1908 1912 1916 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936 1940 1944 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024
    Winning Party D D D D D D D R D D D D D R R R D R R D R R R R D R R D D R R R

    State profile

    Demographic data for Florida
     FloridaU.S.
    Total population:20,244,914316,515,021
    Land area (sq mi):53,6253,531,905
    Race and ethnicity**
    White:76%73.6%
    Black/African American:16.1%12.6%
    Asian:2.6%5.1%
    Native American:0.3%0.8%
    Pacific Islander:0.1%0.2%
    Two or more:2.4%3%
    Hispanic/Latino:23.7%17.1%
    Education
    High school graduation rate:86.9%86.7%
    College graduation rate:27.3%29.8%
    Income
    Median household income:$47,507$53,889
    Persons below poverty level:19.8%11.3%
    Source: U.S. Census Bureau, "American Community Survey" (5-year estimates 2010-2015)
    Click here for more information on the 2020 census and here for more on its impact on the redistricting process in Florida.
    **Note: Percentages for race and ethnicity may add up to more than 100 percent because respondents may report more than one race and the Hispanic/Latino ethnicity may be selected in conjunction with any race. Read more about race and ethnicity in the census here.

    Presidential voting pattern

    See also: Presidential voting trends in Florida

    Florida voted Republican in five out of the seven presidential elections between 2000 and 2024.

    Pivot Counties (2016)

    Ballotpedia identified 206 counties that voted for Donald Trump (R) in 2016 after voting for Barack Obama (D) in 2008 and 2012. Collectively, Trump won these Pivot Counties by more than 580,000 votes. Of these 206 counties, four are located in Florida, accounting for 1.94 percent of the total pivot counties.[19]

    Pivot Counties (2020)

    In 2020, Ballotpedia re-examined the 206 Pivot Counties to view their voting patterns following that year's presidential election. Ballotpedia defined those won by Trump won as Retained Pivot Counties and those won by Joe Biden (D) as Boomerang Pivot Counties. Nationwide, there were 181 Retained Pivot Counties and 25 Boomerang Pivot Counties. Florida had three Retained Pivot Counties and one Boomerang Pivot County, accounting for 1.66 and 4.00 percent of all Retained and Boomerang Pivot Counties, respsectively.

    More Florida coverage on Ballotpedia

    Presidential election by state

    For more information on the presidential contests in your state, please click on your state below:

    http://ballotpedia.org/Presidential_election_in_STATE,_2016

    See also

    Footnotes

    1. ↑ The raw data for this study was provided by Dave Leip of Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
    2. ↑ This average includes states like Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklahoma, which did not participate in all 30 presidential elections between 1900 and 2016. It does not include Washington, D.C., which cast votes for president for the first time in 1964, or Alaska and Hawaii, which cast votes for president for the first time in 1960.
    3. ↑ This number refers to the number of times that the state voted for the winning presidential candidate between 2000 and 2016.
    4. ↑ Archives.gov, "About the Electors," accessed July 28, 2016
    5. ↑ Congressional Research Service, "The Electoral College: How it works in contemporary presidential elections," April 13, 2016
    6. ↑ Miami Herald, "Meet Hillary Clinton's new Florida campaign director," April 29, 2016
    7. ↑ LinkedIn, "Reggie Cardozo," accessed August 1, 2016
    8. ↑ Sun-Sentinel, "Former Broward Republican Party chairman signs on with Donald Trump," March 3, 2016
    9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 CNN, "Florida exit polls," March 15, 2016
    10. ↑ Pew Research, "Democratic edge in Hispanic voter registration grows in Florida," March 9, 2016
    11. ↑ Florida Secretary of State, "Candidate Listing for 2016 General Election," accessed December 7, 2015
    12. ↑ Florida Secretary of State, "Candidate Listing for 2016 General Election," accessed December 7, 2015
    13. ↑ Florida Secretary of State, "Candidate Listing for 2016 General Election," accessed December 7, 2015
    14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Democratic National Committee, "2016 Democratic National Convention Delegate/Alternate Allocation," updated February 19, 2016
    15. ↑ The Green Papers, "2016 Democratic Convention," accessed May 7, 2021
    16. ↑ Democratic National Committee's Office of Party Affairs and Delegate Selection, "Unpledged Delegates -- By State," May 27, 2016
    17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 Republican National Committee, "2016 Presidential Nominating Process," accessed October 6, 2015
    18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 CNN.com, "Republican National Convention roll call vote," accessed July 20, 2016
    19. ↑ The raw data for this study was provided by Dave Leip of Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections.
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