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U.S. House battlegrounds, 2020

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2020 U.S. House Elections

Election Date
November 3, 2020

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U.S. House Primaries
U.S. House Democratic Party primaries, 2020
U.S. House Republican Party primaries, 2020

Last updated: January 26, 2021
Elections for all 435 U.S. House seats took place in 2020. Democrats lost seats but maintained their majority, winning 222 seats to Republicans' 213.

Ballotpedia identified 41 of the 435 House races (9.4%) as battlegrounds. Of the 41 seats, 20 had Democratic incumbents, 20 had Republican incumbents, and one had a Libertarian incumbent.

These battleground districts were selected by examining the 2018 winner's margin of victory, the results of the 2016 presidential election in the district, whether the incumbent was seeking re-election, and whether the incumbent was serving his or her first term in Congress. Race ratings from the Cook Political Report, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and Inside Elections with Nathan Gonzales were also considered. For more information on our methodology, click here.

Races may also be identified as battleground races for other compelling or meaningful reasons, such as significant levels of satellite spending or influencer endorsements, coinciding with a change in district lines, or their potential impact on intraparty divisions.

At the time of the election, Democrats had a 232-197 advantage over Republicans. There was one Libertarian member, and there were five vacancies. The following are some factors that could influence the outcome of the 2020 House elections:

  • The party of an incumbent president tends to perform similarly to that president on the ballot. Since 1920, 15 elections have taken place where an incumbent president sought re-election. Eleven of those elections resulted in the incumbent president winning, with all but Dwight Eisenhower's (R) re-election in 1956 also resulting in the president's party gaining seats in the House. In three of the four elections where the incumbent was defeated, all but George H.W. Bush’s (R) 1992 loss also resulted in the president's party losing seats in the House.
  • Regardless of whether the president seeks re-election, a president's party that loses seats during the president's first midterm tends to gain seats in the following election. Between 1918 and 2016, 14 out of 16 presidents saw their party lose seats in the House during their first midterm. In nine of those cases (64%), the president's party went on to gain seats in the following election. Excluding the two presidents who gained seats in their first midterm, the president's party lost an average of 35 seats in the first midterm and gained an average of five seats in the following election.
  • As of September 2025, there were more open seats in districts held by Republicans than by Democrats. So far, 26 Republicans, nine Democrats, and one Libertarian did not seek re-election in 2020. Historically, open seats are more likely to flip than those where an incumbent is running for re-election.

In 2018, Ballotpedia identified 82 U.S. House battleground races: 73 Republican seats and nine Democratic seats. Democrats won 43 of the Republican-held seats, and Republicans won three of the Democratic-held seats. Fifty-seven (79 percent) of the battleground races in 2020 were also considered battleground races in 2018. To read more about the 2018 battleground races, click here.


Battleground list

The following map displays the 2020 House battlegrounds shaded by the incumbent's or most recent incumbent's political affiliation. Hover over a state for more information.

Battleground U.S. House elections, 2020
District Incumbent Open seat? 2018 margin
Arizona's 6th Republican Party David Schweikert No R+10.4
Arkansas' 2nd Republican Party French Hill No R+6.3
California's 21st Democratic Party TJ Cox No D+0.8
California's 25th Republican Party Mike Garcia No D+8.7
Florida's 26th Democratic Party Debbie Mucarsel-Powell No D+1.8
Georgia's 6th Democratic Party Lucy McBath No D+1.0
Georgia's 7th Republican Party Rob Woodall Yes R+0.2
Illinois' 13th Republican Party Rodney Davis No R+0.8
Indiana's 5th Republican Party Susan Brooks Yes R+13.5
Iowa's 1st Democratic Party Abby Finkenauer No D+5.1
Iowa's 2nd Democratic Party Dave Loebsack Yes D+12.2
Iowa's 3rd Democratic Party Cindy Axne No D+2.2
Maine's 2nd Democratic Party Jared Golden No D+1.3
Michigan's 3rd Libertarian Party Justin Amash Yes R+11.2
Michigan's 6th Republican Party Fred Upton No R+4.6
Michigan's 8th Democratic Party Elissa Slotkin No D+3.8
Minnesota's 1st Republican Party Jim Hagedorn No R+0.5
Minnesota's 7th Democratic Party Collin Peterson No D+4.3
Missouri's 2nd Republican Party Ann Wagner No R+4.0
Nebraska's 2nd Republican Party Don Bacon No R+2.0
New Jersey's 2nd Republican Party Jeff Van Drew No D+7.7
New Jersey's 3rd Democratic Party Andrew Kim No D+1.3
New Jersey's 7th Democratic Party Tom Malinowski No D+5.0
New Mexico's 2nd Democratic Party Xochitl Torres Small No D+1.9
New York's 2nd Republican Party Peter King Yes R+6.2
New York's 11th Democratic Party Max Rose No D+6.5
New York's 22nd Democratic Party Anthony Brindisi No D+1.8
Ohio's 1st Republican Party Steve Chabot No R+4.4
Oklahoma's 5th Democratic Party Kendra Horn No D+1.4
Pennsylvania's 10th Republican Party Scott Perry No R+2.6
Pennsylvania's 17th Democratic Party Conor Lamb No D+12.5
South Carolina's 1st Democratic Party Joe Cunningham No D+1.4
Texas' 21st Republican Party Chip Roy No R+2.6
Texas' 22nd Republican Party Pete Olson Yes R+4.9
Texas' 23rd Republican Party Will Hurd Yes R+0.4
Texas' 24th Republican Party Kenny Marchant Yes R+3.1
Texas' 25th Republican Party Roger Williams No R+8.7
Utah's 4th Democratic Party Ben McAdams No D+0.3
Virginia's 2nd Democratic Party Elaine Luria No D+2.2
Virginia's 5th Republican Party Denver Riggleman Yes R+6.6
Virginia's 7th Democratic Party Abigail Spanberger No D+1.9

Incumbents defeated

This section tracked incumbents defeated in 2020.

Incumbents defeated in the general election

The following table lists incumbents defeated in the 2020 general election for U.S. House.

U.S. House incumbents defeated in the 2020 general election
District Incumbent Election winner
California's 21st Democratic Party TJ Cox Republican Party David G. Valadao
California's 39th Democratic Party Gil Cisneros Republican Party Young Kim
California's 48th Democratic Party Harley Rouda Republican Party Michelle Steel
Florida's 26th Democratic Party Debbie Mucarsel-Powell Republican Party Carlos Gimenez
Florida's 27th Democratic Party Donna Shalala Republican Party Maria Elvira Salazar
Iowa's 1st Democratic Party Abby Finkenauer Republican Party Ashley Hinson
Minnesota's 7th Democratic Party Collin Peterson Republican Party Michelle Fischbach
New Mexico's 2nd Democratic Party Xochitl Torres Small Republican Party Yvette Herrell
New York's 11th Democratic Party Max Rose Republican Party Nicole Malliotakis
New York's 22nd Democratic Party Anthony Brindisi Republican Party Claudia Tenney
Oklahoma's 5th Democratic Party Kendra Horn Republican Party Stephanie Bice
South Carolina's 1st Democratic Party Joe Cunningham Republican Party Nancy Mace
Utah's 4th Democratic Party Ben McAdams Republican Party Burgess Owens

Incumbents defeated in primary elections

The following table lists incumbents defeated in 2020 House primary elections or conventions.

Incumbents defeated in primaries
District Incumbent Primary election/convention winner
Illinois' 3rd Democratic Party Daniel Lipinski Democratic Party Marie Newman
Iowa's 4th Republican Party Steve King Republican Party Randy Feenstra
Virginia's 5th Republican Party Denver Riggleman Republican Party Bob Good
New York's 16th Democratic Party Eliot Engel Democratic Party Jamaal Bowman
Colorado's 3rd Republican Party Scott Tipton Republican Party Lauren Boebert
Kansas' 2nd Republican Party Steve Watkins Republican Party Jacob LaTurner
Missouri's 1st Democratic Party William Lacy Clay Democratic Party Cori Bush
Florida's 15th Republican Party Ross Spano Republican Party Scott Franklin


Historical context

See also: Incumbents defeated in 2018 congressional elections

In the 2018 midterm elections, 378 U.S. House incumbents ran for re-election. This was the lowest number of U.S. House incumbents seeking re-election since 1992.

Thirty-four incumbents—9 percent—lost their re-election bids. That included two Democrats and 32 Republicans. This was the highest percentage of incumbents defeated since 2012, when 10.2 percent were not re-elected.

The following data for congressional re-election rates from 2000 to 2016 was reported in Vital Statistics, a joint research project of the Brookings Institution and the American Enterprise Institute. Find the original datasets and methodology here. Data for the 2018 election came from Ballotpedia.

Defeated U.S. House incumbents by party, 2000-2020
Year Democratic incumbents lost Republican incumbents lost Total
2020 16 5 21
2018 2 32 34
2016 3 9 12
2014 12 6 18
2012 10 17 27
2010 54 4 58
2008 6 17 23
2006 0 22 22
2004 5 2 7
2002 12 5 17
2000 4 5 9


U.S. House incumbents retired, defeated, or reelected, 2000-2020
Year Not seeking re-election Total seeking re-election Defeated in primaries Defeated in general election Total re-elected Percentage of those seeking re-election
2020 36 394 8 13 373 94.7
2018 52 378 4 30 345 91.2
2016 41 392 4 8 380 96.9
2014 24 392 5 13 374 95.4
2012 25 391 13 27 351 89.8
2010 32 397 4 54 339 85.4
2008 25 400 4 18 377 94.3
2006 28 403 2 22 379 94.0
2004 29 404 2 7 395 97.8
2002 35 398 8 8 383 96.2
2000 30 403 3 6 394 97.8

Race ratings

The following table compares the most recent race ratings from The Cook Political Report, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and Inside Elections. The following table compared U.S. House race ratings from The Cook Political Report, Sabato's Crystal Ball, and Inside Elections prior to the November 2020 elections.

Presidential data

The following statistics were compiled using the Daily Kos' presidential results by congressional district data. These trends can be used as an indicator of expected competitive districts in the 2020 elections.[1]

Democrats won House seats in 2018 in 31 districts that Donald Trump (R) carried in 2016.

U.S. House districts won by Democrat in 2018 and Donald Trump in 2016
District 2018 winner 2018 margin 2016 presidential margin[2] 2012 presidential margin[2]
Arizona's 1st Democratic Party Tom O'Halleran D+7.7 Trump+1.1 Romney+2.5
Georgia's 6th Democratic Party Lucy McBath D+1.0 Trump+1.5 Romney+23.3
Illinois' 14th Democratic Party Lauren Underwood D+5.0 Trump+3.9 Romney+10
Illinois' 17th Democratic Party Cheri Bustos D+24.2 Trump+0.7 Obama+17
Iowa's 1st Democratic Party Abby Finkenauer D+5.1 Trump+3.5 Obama+13.7
Iowa's 2nd Democratic Party Dave Loebsack D+12.2 Trump+4.1 Obama+13.1
Iowa's 3rd Democratic Party Cindy Axne D+2.2 Trump+3.5 Obama+4.2
Maine's 2nd Democratic Party Jared Golden D+1.3 Trump+10.3 Obama+8.6
Michigan's 8th Democratic Party Elissa Slotkin D+3.8 Trump+6.7 Romney+3.1
Michigan's 11th Democratic Party Haley Stevens D+6.7 Trump+4.4 Romney+5.4
Minnesota's 2nd Democratic Party Angie Craig D+5.5 Trump+1.2 Obama+0.1
Minnesota's 7th Democratic Party Collin Peterson D+4.3 Trump+30.8 Romney+9.8
Nevada's 3rd Democratic Party Susie Lee D+9.1 Trump+1.0 Obama+0.8
New Hampshire's 1st Democratic Party Chris Pappas D+8.6 Trump+1.6 Obama+1.6
New Jersey's 2nd Democratic Party Jeff Van Drew[3] D+7.7 Trump+4.6 Obama+8.1
New Jersey's 3rd Democratic Party Andrew Kim D+1.3 Trump+6.2 Obama+4.6
New Jersey's 5th Democratic Party Josh Gottheimer D+13.7 Trump+1.1 Romney+3.0
New Jersey's 11th Democratic Party Mikie Sherrill D+14.6 Trump+0.9 Romney+5.8
New Mexico's 2nd Democratic Party Xochitl Torres Small D+1.9 Trump+10.2 Romney+6.8
New York's 11th Democratic Party Max Rose D+6.5 Trump+9.8 Obama+4.3
New York's 18th Democratic Party Sean Maloney D+10.9 Trump+1.9 Obama+4.3
New York's 19th Democratic Party Antonio Delgado D+5.2 Trump+6.8 Obama+6.2
New York's 22nd Democratic Party Anthony Brindisi D+1.8 Trump+15.5 Romney+0.4
Oklahoma's 5th Democratic Party Kendra Horn D+1.4 Trump+13.4 Romney+18.4
Pennsylvania's 8th Democratic Party Matt Cartwright D+9.3 Trump+9.6 Obama+11.9
Pennsylvania's 17th Democratic Party Conor Lamb D+12.5 Trump+2.6 Romney+4.5
South Carolina's 1st Democratic Party Joe Cunningham D+1.4 Trump+13.1 Romney+18.1
Utah's 4th Democratic Party Ben McAdams D+0.3 Trump+6.7 Romney+37.0
Virginia's 2nd Democratic Party Elaine Luria D+2.2 Trump+3.4 Romney+2.3
Virginia's 7th Democratic Party Abigail Spanberger D+1.9 Trump+6.5 Romney+10.5
Wisconsin's 3rd Democratic Party Ron Kind D+19.3 Trump+4.5 Obama+11


The table below displays the presidential election results in each of the 435 Congressional districts in 2020. Click [show] to view the full list.[4]


Republicans won House seats in 2018 in three districts that Hillary Clinton (D) carried in 2016:

U.S. House districts won by Republican in 2018 and Hillary Clinton in 2016
District 2018 winner 2018 margin 2016 presidential margin[2] 2012 presidential margin[2]
New York's 24th Republican Party John Katko R+6.3 Clinton+3.6 Obama+15.9
Pennsylvania's 1st Republican Party Brian Fitzpatrick R+2.6 Clinton+2.0 Obama+1.6
Texas' 23rd Republican Party Will Hurd R+0.5 Clinton+3.4 Romney+2.6



There were 20 House districts that Barack Obama (D) won in 2008 and 2012 that were won by Trump in 2016. Of those, 14 were won by Democrats in 2018 and six by Republicans:

There were eight House districts that supported the Republican nominee in 2008 and 2012 (John McCain and Mitt Romney) that were won by Clinton in 2016. All were won by Democrats in 2018:

Targeted races

DCCC targets

This chart lists each district that the DCCC announced it would target in 2020.[5][6][7][8] Also included are the margins of victory for each seat in the 2018, 2016, and 2014 elections. Results are not included for elections which took place in Pennsylvania before the 2018 round of redistricting or in North Carolina before the 2019 round of redistricting.


Candidates participating in the Red to Blue program receive financial and organizational support. Participation in the program requires that a candidate meet certain fundraising and organizational goals. This chart lists each candidate that the DCCC announced it would support via the Red to Blue program in 2020.[9] Also included are the margins of victory for each district in the 2018, 2016, and 2014 elections. Results are not included for elections which took place before the 2016 redistricting in Florida, the 2018 redistricting in Pennsylvania, or the 2019 redistricting in North Carolina.

NRCC targets

The following table lists 55 Democratic-held seats the NRCC announced, on February 7, 2019, it would target in 2020.[10] Also included are the margins of victory for each district in the 2018, 2016, and 2014 elections. Elections which took place in Pennsylvania before the 2018 redistricting are not included.


Change log

This section lists every change that was made to our battleground list since we published the page in July 2019.

  • July 27, 2020: Added one battleground district to the list: Kentucky's 6th.
  • June 5, 2020: Added one battleground district to the list: Oregon's 4th.
  • November 12, 2019: Added one battleground district to the list: New York's 2nd.
  • July 10, 2019: Published initial battlegrounds list with 55 districts.[11]

2018 battlegrounds

See also: United States House of Representatives elections, 2018

Ballotpedia identified 82 U.S. House battleground races: 73 Republican seats and nine Democratic seats. Forty-three of the Republican-held battleground seats were won by Democrats and three of the Democratic-held battleground seats were won by Republicans.

The following map identifies those races that were considered battleground elections. Mouse over a district for more detailed information. You can also zoom in for a closer look.

See also

Footnotes