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Open seats in state legislative elections, 2010

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Last updated on November 18, 2024
2010 State Legislative Competitiveness
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There were 6,127 state legislative seats up for election on November 2, 2010, in 46 states. Of that total, there were 1,143 open seats, guaranteeing at least 19% of all seats would be won by newcomers.

An open seat is one where no incumbent filed to run, meaning it is guaranteed to be won by a newcomer. Learn more about the terms and methodologies used in this analysis.

Ballotpedia uses the number and percentage of open seats to help determine the overall competitiveness of an election cycle. A greater number of open seats guarantees more newcomers entering legislatures and typically results in more candidates running for office. A smaller number of open seats guarantees fewer newcomers and typically results in fewer candidates running for office.

In 2010:

  • There were 598 open Democratic seats, those most recently held by Democrats at the time of filing.
  • There were 540 open Republican seats, those most recently held by Republicans at the time of filing.
  • There were five other open seats. This includes those most recently held by minor party or independent officeholders at the time of filing.


  • Open state legislative seats, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 4,958 454 411 4 869 17.5%
    Senate 1,169 144 129 1 274 23.4%
    Total 6,127 598 540 5 1,143 18.7%


    Click [show] on the table below to view open seat statistics by state in 2010. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    By state

    Overview

    Alabama

    There were 140 seats up for election in Alabama. Of that total, 19 seats (13.6%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Alabama, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 105 7 4 0 11 10.5%
    Senate 35 4 4 0 8 22.9%
    Total 140 11 8 0 19 13.6%


    See also:

    Alaska

    There were 50 seats up for election in Alaska. Of that total, five seats (10.0%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Alaska, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 40 1 3 0 4 10.0%
    Senate 10 0 1 0 1 10.0%
    Total 50 1 4 0 5 10.0%


    See also:

    Arizona

    There were 90 seats up for election in Arizona. Of that total, 39 seats (43.3%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Arizona, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 60 11 13 0 24 40.0%
    Senate 30 6 9 0 15 50.0%
    Total 90 17 22 0 39 43.3%


    See also:

    Arkansas

    There were 117 seats up for election in Arkansas. Of that total, 53 seats (45.3%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Arkansas, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 100 32 8 0 40 40.0%
    Senate 17 12 1 0 13 76.5%
    Total 117 44 9 0 53 45.3%


    See also:

    California

    There were 100 seats up for election in California. Of that total, 38 seats (38.0%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in California, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 80 15 12 1 28 35.0%
    Senate 20 5 5 0 10 50.0%
    Total 100 20 17 1 38 38.0%


    See also:

    Colorado

    There were 84 seats up for election in Colorado. Of that total, 20 seats (23.8%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Colorado, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 65 8 6 0 14 21.5%
    Senate 19 3 3 0 6 31.6%
    Total 84 11 9 0 20 23.8%


    See also:

    Connecticut

    There were 187 seats up for election in Connecticut. Of that total, 19 seats (10.2%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Connecticut, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 151 11 4 0 15 9.9%
    Senate 36 2 2 0 4 11.1%
    Total 187 13 6 0 19 10.2%


    See also:

    Delaware

    There were 52 seats up for election in Delaware. Of that total, four seats (7.7%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Delaware, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 41 0 4 0 4 9.8%
    Senate 11 0 0 0 0 0.0%
    Total 52 0 4 0 4 7.7%


    See also:

    Florida

    There were 143 seats up for election in Florida. Of that total, 46 seats (32.2%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Florida, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 120 8 26 0 34 28.3%
    Senate 23 5 7 0 12 52.2%
    Total 143 13 33 0 46 32.2%


    See also:

    Georgia

    There were 236 seats up for election in Georgia. Of that total, 38 seats (16.1%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Georgia, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 180 7 20 0 27 15.0%
    Senate 56 2 9 0 11 19.6%
    Total 236 9 29 0 38 16.1%


    See also:

    Hawaii

    There were 66 seats up for election in Hawaii. Of that total, eight seats (12.1%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Hawaii, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 51 4 1 0 5 9.8%
    Senate 15 2 1 0 3 20.0%
    Total 66 6 2 0 8 12.1%


    See also:

    Idaho

    There were 105 seats up for election in Idaho. Of that total, nine seats (8.6%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Idaho, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 70 5 3 0 8 11.4%
    Senate 35 1 0 0 1 2.9%
    Total 105 6 3 0 9 8.6%


    See also:

    Illinois

    There were 139 seats up for election in Illinois. Of that total, 12 seats (8.6%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Illinois, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 118 7 4 0 11 9.3%
    Senate 21 1 0 0 1 4.8%
    Total 139 8 4 0 12 8.6%


    See also:

    Indiana

    There were 125 seats up for election in Indiana. Of that total, 12 seats (9.6%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Indiana, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 100 4 5 0 9 9.0%
    Senate 25 2 1 0 3 12.0%
    Total 125 6 6 0 12 9.6%


    See also:

    Iowa

    There were 125 seats up for election in Iowa. Of that total, 17 seats (13.6%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Iowa, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 100 8 6 0 14 14.0%
    Senate 25 2 1 0 3 12.0%
    Total 125 10 7 0 17 13.6%


    See also:

    Kansas

    There were 125 seats up for election in Kansas. Of that total, 10 seats (8.0%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Kansas, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 125 4 6 0 10 8.0%
    Senate Did not hold elections
    Total 125 4 6 0 10 8.0%


    See also:

    Kentucky

    There were 119 seats up for election in Kentucky. Of that total, seven seats (5.9%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Kentucky, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 100 3 2 0 5 5.0%
    Senate 19 1 1 0 2 10.5%
    Total 119 4 3 0 7 5.9%


    See also:

    Maine

    There were 186 seats up for election in Maine. Of that total, 43 seats (23.1%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Maine, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 151 17 16 1 34 22.5%
    Senate 35 4 5 0 9 25.7%
    Total 186 21 21 1 43 23.1%


    See also:

    Maryland

    There were 188 seats up for election in Maryland. Of that total, 26 seats (13.8%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Maryland, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 141 16 7 0 23 16.3%
    Senate 47 0 3 0 3 6.4%
    Total 188 16 10 0 26 13.8%


    See also:

    Massachusetts

    There were 200 seats up for election in Massachusetts. Of that total, 34 seats (17.0%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Massachusetts, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 160 21 5 0 26 16.3%
    Senate 40 7 1 0 8 20.0%
    Total 200 28 6 0 34 17.0%


    See also:

    Michigan

    TEXT

    In 2010

    HEADER TABLE


    See also:

    Minnesota

    There were 148 seats up for election in Michigan. Of that total, 80 seats (54.1%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Michigan, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 110 31 20 0 51 46.4%
    Senate 38 12 17 0 29 76.3%
    Total 148 43 37 0 80 54.1%


    See also:

    Missouri

    There were 180 seats up for election in Missouri. Of that total, 75 seats (41.7%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Missouri, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 163 24 41 0 65 39.9%
    Senate 17 2 8 0 10 58.8%
    Total 180 26 49 0 75 41.7%


    See also:

    Montana

    There were 126 seats up for election in Montana. Of that total, 51 seats (40.5%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Montana, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 100 18 16 0 34 34.0%
    Senate 26 7 10 0 17 65.4%
    Total 126 25 26 0 51 40.5%


    See also:

    Nebraska

    There were 24 seats up for election in Nebraska. Of that total, three seats (12.5%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Nebraska, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House No election
    Senate 24 1 1 1 3 12.5%
    Total 24 1 1 1 3 12.5%


    See also:

    Nevada

    There were 53 seats up for election in Nevada. Of that total, 27 seats (50.9%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Nevada, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 42 12 7 0 19 45.2%
    Senate 11 4 4 0 8 72.7%
    Total 53 16 11 0 27 50.9%


    See also:

    New Hampshire

    There were 424 seats up for election in New Hampshire. Of that total, 102 seats (24.1%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in New Hampshire, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 400 59 38 0 97 24.3%
    Senate 24 2 3 0 5 20.8%
    Total 424 61 41 0 102 24.1%


    See also:

    New Mexico

    There were 70 seats up for election in New Mexico. Of that total, three seats (4.3%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in New Mexico, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 70 1 2 0 3 4.3%
    Senate Did not hold elections
    Total 70 1 2 0 3 4.3%


    See also:

    New York

    There were 212 seats up for election in New York. Of that total, 25 seats (11.8%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in New York, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 150 10 9 0 19 12.7%
    Senate 62 3 3 0 6 9.7%
    Total 212 13 12 0 25 11.8%


    See also:

    North Carolina

    There were 170 seats up for election in North Carolina. Of that total, 18 seats (10.6%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in North Carolina, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 120 4 6 0 10 8.3%
    Senate 50 7 1 0 8 16.0%
    Total 170 11 7 0 18 10.6%


    See also:

    North Dakota

    There were 72 seats up for election in North Dakota. Of that total, 15 seats (20.8%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in North Dakota, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 48 6 5 0 11 22.9%
    Senate 24 4 0 0 4 16.7%
    Total 72 10 5 0 15 20.8%


    See also:

    Ohio

    There were 116 seats up for election in Ohio. Of that total, 29 seats (25.0%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Ohio, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 99 12 9 0 21 21.2%
    Senate 17 3 5 0 8 47.1%
    Total 116 15 14 0 29 25.0%


    See also:

    Oklahoma

    There were 125 seats up for election in Oklahoma. Of that total, 22 seats (17.6%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Oklahoma, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 101 6 8 0 14 13.9%
    Senate 24 5 3 0 8 33.3%
    Total 125 11 11 0 22 17.6%


    See also:

    Oregon

    There were 76 seats up for election in Oregon. Of that total, seven seats (9.2%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Oregon, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 60 2 3 0 5 8.3%
    Senate 16 2 0 0 2 12.5%
    Total 76 4 3 0 7 9.2%


    See also:

    Pennsylvania

    There were 228 seats up for election in Pennsylvania. Of that total, 21 seats (9.2%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Pennsylvania, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 203 12 6 0 18 8.9%
    Senate 25 3 0 0 3 12.0%
    Total 228 15 6 0 21 9.2%


    See also:

    Rhode Island

    There were 113 seats up for election in Rhode Island. Of that total, 15 seats (13.3%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Rhode Island, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 75 9 1 0 10 13.3%
    Senate 38 5 0 0 5 13.2%
    Total 113 14 1 0 15 13.3%


    See also:

    South Carolina

    There were 124 seats up for election in South Carolina. Of that total, 12 seats (9.7%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in South Carolina, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 124 3 9 0 12 9.7%
    Senate Did not hold elections
    Total 124 3 9 0 12 9.7%


    See also:

    South Dakota

    There were 105 seats up for election in South Dakota. Of that total, 34 seats (32.4%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in South Dakota, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 70 4 17 0 21 30.0%
    Senate 35 7 6 0 13 37.1%
    Total 105 11 23 0 34 32.4%


    See also:

    Tennessee

    There were 116 seats up for election in Tennessee. Of that total, 10 seats (8.6%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Tennessee, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 99 2 6 0 8 8.1%
    Senate 17 0 2 0 2 11.8%
    Total 116 2 8 0 10 8.6%


    See also:

    Texas

    There were 166 seats up for election in Texas. Of that total, nine seats (5.4%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Texas, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 150 2 6 0 8 5.3%
    Senate 16 1 0 0 1 6.3%
    Total 166 3 6 0 9 5.4%


    See also:

    Utah

    There were 90 seats up for election in Utah. Of that total, nine seats (10.0%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Utah, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 75 1 7 0 8 10.7%
    Senate 15 0 1 0 1 6.7%
    Total 90 1 8 0 9 10.0%


    See also:

    Vermont

    There were 180 seats up for election in Vermont. Of that total, 21 seats (11.7%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Vermont, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 150 8 7 1 16 10.7%
    Senate 30 4 1 0 5 16.7%
    Total 180 12 8 1 21 11.7%


    See also:

    Washington

    There were 123 seats up for election in Washington. Of that total, 20 seats (16.3%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Washington, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 98 15 1 0 16 16.3%
    Senate 25 4 0 0 4 16.0%
    Total 123 19 1 0 20 16.3%


    See also:

    West Virginia

    There were 117 seats up for election in West Virginia. Of that total, 14 seats (12.0%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in West Virginia, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 100 6 5 0 11 11.0%
    Senate 17 2 1 0 3 17.6%
    Total 117 8 6 0 14 12.0%


    See also:

    Wisconsin

    There were 116 seats up for election in Wisconsin. Of that total, 23 seats (19.8%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Wisconsin, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 99 7 12 1 20 20.2%
    Senate 17 1 2 0 3 17.6%
    Total 116 8 14 1 23 19.8%


    See also:

    Wyoming

    There were 75 seats up for election in Wyoming. Of that total, 15 seats (20.0%) were open.

    In 2010

    Statistics from 2010 are shown below. Hover over column headings to learn more about their contents.

    Open state legislative seats in Wyoming, 2010
    Chamber Seats
    Democratic Republican Other Total
    # %
    House 60 4 7 0 11 18.3%
    Senate 15 1 3 0 4 26.7%
    Total 75 5 10 0 15 20.0%


    See also:

    Impact of term limits

    See also: Impact of term limits on state legislative elections in 2010

    A seat can become open when an incumbent is term-limited. Fifteen state legislatures have term limits, which require incumbents to leave office after serving a certain length of time.

    In 2010, 375 state legislators—121 state senators and 254 state representatives—were term-limited. This represented 6.1% of the 6,127 total seats up for election.[1]


    Party # of termed senators # of termed representatives Total
    Democratic 54 128 182
    Republican 66 124 190
    Nonpartisan 1 2 3

    Terms and methodologies

    Incumbent

    See also: Incumbent

    Ballotpedia defines incumbency by chamber. Under this definition, if an incumbent in House District 1 filed for re-election in House District 2, they would still be counted as an incumbent due to their remaining in the same chamber even though they ran for a different seat. If an incumbent in House District 1 filed to run in Senate District 2, they would not be counted as an incumbent in the Senate race since they are coming from a different chamber.

    Ballotpedia uses the term re-elect to refer to any incumbent who is running in an election to retain their office, including incumbents who were originally appointed to their position.

    Open seat

    An open seat is one where no incumbents filed to run, or filed but withdrew and did not appear on any ballot for the seat. Open seat figures freeze at the time of the primary unless an incumbent did not participate in the primary but later chose to seek re-election as a minor party or independent candidate, in which case the seat for which they filed would not be counted as open.

    If a seat was open at the time of the primary, but a non-incumbent candidate later assumed office (via special election or appointment), the seat would still be counted as open since the original incumbent did not file to run in the primary.

    Seat

    State legislative seats represent the total number of candidates who can be elected. These totals may differ from state legislative districts.

    In most states, every state legislative district includes a single seat. These are referred to as single-member state legislative districts.

    Certain states have multi-member state legislative districts, where a single district contains multiple seats. In these districts, open seat figures pertain to individual seats. For example, if a multi-member district contains three seats and two incumbents file for re-election but one does not, that one seat would be counted as an open seat.

    Difference between open seats and retiring incumbents

    An open seat is one where no incumbents filed to run. Typically, this occurs when an incumbent leaves office. But incumbents may choose to run for some other seat within the same chamber. When this happens, that incumbent's original seat can be left open without the incumbent leaving office.

    See also

    Footnotes

    1. Some of the 375 term-limited state legislators in 2010 may have resigned before their term ended. These legislators were still counted in the total number of term-limited legislators in 2010.